Content generation in the age of the internet of things has been transforming tourism businesses&... more Content generation in the age of the internet of things has been transforming tourism businesses' digital strategies. Despite changes observed in the business environment following the continuous importance of consumers' role in the creation of content, hotels have to pay attention to the creation of their own content as it will influence visibility and relationship with customers. Information and communication technologies (ICT) are increasingly critical for the management and marketing of the hotel sector. This research aims at exploring the influence of generated content in the effectiveness of hotel brand identity creation. A case study was conducted on The Hotel, a luxury hotel located in Brussels, as a way to discuss the importance of the application of digital strategies in building hotel brand identity using a co-creation approach to the process. The chapter also highlights the tools used to communicate the identity and the resulting impacts on the performance of The...
ABSTRACT Tourism, by definition, involves travel outside one's usual environment. This means ... more ABSTRACT Tourism, by definition, involves travel outside one's usual environment. This means that a tourist's attention cannot rely only on previously experienced known symbols and markers and instead derives meaning from paying attention to their surroundings. In this context, management of a visitor's attention processes is a key issue in the design of memorable tourist experiences and business success. Psychological research highlights two types of attention processes: bottom-up and top-down. This research is the first to identify factors influencing bottom-up attention during on-site experience and to examine the moderating impact of top-down factors of attention. The empirical research used questionnaires obtained from tourists participating in two animal-based experiences at a theme park. The results show that of the bottom-up factors analyzed, only two influenced attention, Rarity and Environment stimulation. Concerning the moderating influence of top-down factors, the research found that Interpersonal interaction and Task performance/Goal achievement affect the way external factors impact on attention, and that the intensity of this relation varies according to the relevance of this moderation.
The challenge of measuring at municipal level tourism density has been a daunting task for both s... more The challenge of measuring at municipal level tourism density has been a daunting task for both statisticians and geographers. The reason of this is enforced by the fact that administrative areas, such as municipalities, tend to be large spatial administrative units, sharing a large demographic asymmetry of tourist demand within the municipality. The rationale is that geographic characteristics such as coastal line, climate and vegetation, play a crucial role in tourist offer, leaning towards the conclusion that traditional census at administrative level are simply not enough to interpret the true distribution of tourism data. A more quantifiable method is necessary to assess the distribution of socio-economic data. This is developed by means of a dasymetric approach adding on the advantages of multi-temporal comparison. This paper adopts a dasymetric approach for defining tourism density per land use types using the CORINE Land Cover dataset. A density map for tourism is calculated...
Despite the increasing interest in eudaimonic tourism experiences in recent years, research in to... more Despite the increasing interest in eudaimonic tourism experiences in recent years, research in tourism studies is fragmented. In addition, studies most often lack conceptualization, not clarifying whether the construct refers to state or trait level and what psychological mechanism is analysed, whether experience, functioning, behaviour or motivation. This pilot study aims to contribute to a better understanding of eudaimonia in tourism experiences by proposing the construct of Eudaimonic Feelings as a proxy for eudaimonia. Eudaimonic Feelings is considered a state-level construct defined as the cognitive-affective appraisals towards self-fulfilment, authenticity, truthful social interactions, and personal meaningfulness concerning a tourism experience. Adopting a multi-item approach, items found in prior research were adapted to explore and measure Eudaimonic Feelings through a survey using a convenience sample. Results support data unidimensionality, items’ reliability, and constr...
Tratando-se o turismo de um sector de actividade capaz de se constituir como alavanca do crescime... more Tratando-se o turismo de um sector de actividade capaz de se constituir como alavanca do crescimento económico, assim como da prosperidade social e da sustentabilidade ambiental, a qualidade deve assumir um claro protagonismo, muito especialmente a nível dos destinos. Com efeito, não só é a esse nível que os turistas fazem as suas escolhas de férias, como também a avaliação que realizam a respeito desta ou daquela organização turística vem a repercutir-se na imagem global do destino. Porque a experiência turística é indissociável da totalidade de uma cadeia de valor, a qualidade deve ser encarada como uma preocupação de todos os stakeholders, e não exclusivamente da indústria turística. Abordagens no âmbito das organizações têm vindo a fundamentar a convicção de que a gestão da qualidade emana dos valores, princípios e normas prevalecentes na organização, por conseguinte, da sua cultura. Trata-se de uma perspectiva diferente, e mais alargada, a respeito da qualidade, pois transcende...
Overtourism is currently a topic of high interest to tourism researchers and stakeholders as tour... more Overtourism is currently a topic of high interest to tourism researchers and stakeholders as tourism growth in city centres is causing social effects perceived as negative by some residents as it impacts their quality of life. Tourism scholars and stakeholders are challenged to develop policy to address this perceived excessive number of visitors. Some options previously discussed are to divert tourist flows to less frequently visited areas and to prevent tourist actions perceived as misbehaviour. In this chapter, an alternative approach is adopted based on development of creative tourism, a type of community-led tourism driven by endogenous creative assets and people. Creative tourism utilises living intangible culture in a new way to provide the basis for product innovation and a more sustainable tourism in cities.
ABSTRACT Tourism, by definition, involves travel outside one's usual environment. This means ... more ABSTRACT Tourism, by definition, involves travel outside one's usual environment. This means that a tourist's attention cannot rely only on previously experienced known symbols and markers and instead derives meaning from paying attention to their surroundings. In this context, management of a visitor's attention processes is a key issue in the design of memorable tourist experiences and business success. Psychological research highlights two types of attention processes: bottom-up and top-down. This research is the first to identify factors influencing bottom-up attention during on-site experience and to examine the moderating impact of top-down factors of attention. The empirical research used questionnaires obtained from tourists participating in two animal-based experiences at a theme park. The results show that of the bottom-up factors analyzed, only two influenced attention, Rarity and Environment stimulation. Concerning the moderating influence of top-down factors, the research found that Interpersonal interaction and Task performance/Goal achievement affect the way external factors impact on attention, and that the intensity of this relation varies according to the relevance of this moderation.
Overtourism is currently a topic of high interest to tourism researchers and stakeholders as tour... more Overtourism is currently a topic of high interest to tourism researchers and stakeholders as tourism growth in city centres is causing social effects perceived as negative by some residents as it impacts their quality of life. Tourism scholars and stakeholders are challenged to develop policy to address this perceived excessive number of visitors. Some options previously discussed are to divert tourist flows to less frequently visited areas and to prevent tourist actions perceived as misbehaviour. In this chapter, an alternative approach is adopted based on development of creative tourism, a type of community-led tourism driven by endogenous creative assets and people. Creative tourism utilises living intangible culture in a new way to provide the basis for product innovation and a more sustainable tourism in cities.
Advances in Hospitality, Tourism, and the Services Industry, 2022
While other disciplinary approaches such as sociology and anthropology are important, this chapte... more While other disciplinary approaches such as sociology and anthropology are important, this chapter introduces a cognitivist psychology approach to experience research. Such theoretical discussion may seem of little practical use, but the chapter argues that it is fundamental to understanding how and why experiences are created. The chapter applies theory and concepts from cognitive science (cognitive psychology and neuroscience) in the study of tourism experiences. This provides a different psychological paradigm to the behavioural approach currently in use in much research. The chapter describes the scope of cognitive psychology and neuroscience, its main concepts of cognitive psychology (perception, attention, emotion, memory, consciousness, learning), and their neuronal basis (neuroscience). These concepts are then applied in three topic areas related to tourism experiences: decision making, emotion, and attention. Several applications to tourism experience research are noted. Fi...
This chapter focuses on co-creative on-site tourist experiences and how these stimulate attention... more This chapter focuses on co-creative on-site tourist experiences and how these stimulate attention and contribute to increased memorability. The chapter presents a case study of tourist experience and behaviour in the Dolphin Emotions Experience (DEE) at Zoomarine Park, Algarve, Portugal.
portuguesO paradigma da co-criacao propoe que as empresas reconhecam as capacidades e recursos do... more portuguesO paradigma da co-criacao propoe que as empresas reconhecam as capacidades e recursos dos clientes como fonte de criacao de valor. A experiencia co-criativa surge, neste contexto, como uma oportunidade de o cliente participar activamente na criacao personalizada de valor. A co-criacao por parte do cliente e, no presente estudo, analisada mediante as propostas de experiencias co-criativas apresentadas por tres hoteis portugueses. Espera-se que os resultados desta investigacao possam auxiliar negocios similares a estimular a sua orientacao para este emergente modelo de negocio EnglishThe co-creation paradigm advocates businesses to focus on customers' skills and resources in order to create value. The co-creative experience emerges in this context as an opportunity for the customer to actively participate in the creation of personalized value. Customer co-creation is addressed in this study through the analysis of the propositions of co-creative experiences facilitated by...
Purpose– This paper aims to address the central guiding questions: What principles of services ma... more Purpose– This paper aims to address the central guiding questions: What principles of services management need urgent re-thinking in the Asian Century? What opportunities and challenges lie ahead?Design/methodology/approach– This paper provides a review of relevant literature on hedonic consumption and related issues of emotion, attention, mental time travel and, importantly, how these phenomena may be measured.Findings– The paper addresses this question from a psychological and customer perspective. Services managers are well-positioned and have a great future for two reasons. First, services in general are the growing part of the global economy. Second, services managers provide the experiences required by increasingly affluent consumers. On the other hand, there is in general within the services sector, a lack of knowledge and expertise in understanding the consumer psychology of hedonic consumption. Additionally, and especially in Western countries, there is lack of knowledge ab...
This paper reviews the literature concerning co-creation of tourism experiences. It analyses the ... more This paper reviews the literature concerning co-creation of tourism experiences. It analyses the theoretical underpinnings of co-creation and discusses key dimensions of the concept from the tourist's perspective, highlighting the importance of active participation and interaction. The aim is to propose a psychology-focused definition of on-site co-creation tourism experience on which to base a conceptual framework relating important constructs. Opportunities for future empirical research in this area are suggested.
Despite the increasing interest in eudaimonic tourism experiences in recent years, research in to... more Despite the increasing interest in eudaimonic tourism experiences in recent years, research in tourism studies is fragmented. In addition, studies most often lack conceptualization, not clarifying whether the construct refers to state or trait level and what psychological mechanism is analysed, whether experience, functioning, behaviour or motivation. This pilot study aims to contribute to a better understanding of eudaimonia in tourism experiences by proposing the construct of Eudaimonic Feelings as a proxy for eudaimonia. Eudaimonic Feelings is considered a state-level construct defined as the cognitive-affective appraisals towards self-fulfilment, authenticity, truthful social interactions, and personal meaningfulness concerning a tourism experience. Adopting a multi-item approach, items found in prior research were adapted to explore and measure Eudaimonic Feelings through a survey using a convenience sample. Results support data unidimensionality, items' reliability, and construct robustness and replicability.
Storytelling has been posited as a co-creative tool to increase visitor engagement and experience... more Storytelling has been posited as a co-creative tool to increase visitor engagement and experience memorability. However, a lack of knowledge exists regarding its role, implementation and impact in museum and heritage tourism settings. This exploratory work investigates how it applies in these settings. A storytelling tour was implemented at the Islamic Museum of Tavira, Portugal. Methodologically, this study adopted a qualitative approach, using the focus groups method. Three groups of participants were invited to participate and then data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results show the impact of storytelling on visitors' emotional engagement, imagination and memorability. From this study's findings, a conceptual model of the heritage experience integrating storytelling is proposed to support the design of heritage experiences at museums. Moreover, future research is recommended on digital technology and multi-media application in the heritage experience, and also on causal relationships between storytelling and other elements of heritage experiences.
Content generation in the age of the internet of things has been transforming tourism businesses&... more Content generation in the age of the internet of things has been transforming tourism businesses' digital strategies. Despite changes observed in the business environment following the continuous importance of consumers' role in the creation of content, hotels have to pay attention to the creation of their own content as it will influence visibility and relationship with customers. Information and communication technologies (ICT) are increasingly critical for the management and marketing of the hotel sector. This research aims at exploring the influence of generated content in the effectiveness of hotel brand identity creation. A case study was conducted on The Hotel, a luxury hotel located in Brussels, as a way to discuss the importance of the application of digital strategies in building hotel brand identity using a co-creation approach to the process. The chapter also highlights the tools used to communicate the identity and the resulting impacts on the performance of The...
ABSTRACT Tourism, by definition, involves travel outside one's usual environment. This means ... more ABSTRACT Tourism, by definition, involves travel outside one's usual environment. This means that a tourist's attention cannot rely only on previously experienced known symbols and markers and instead derives meaning from paying attention to their surroundings. In this context, management of a visitor's attention processes is a key issue in the design of memorable tourist experiences and business success. Psychological research highlights two types of attention processes: bottom-up and top-down. This research is the first to identify factors influencing bottom-up attention during on-site experience and to examine the moderating impact of top-down factors of attention. The empirical research used questionnaires obtained from tourists participating in two animal-based experiences at a theme park. The results show that of the bottom-up factors analyzed, only two influenced attention, Rarity and Environment stimulation. Concerning the moderating influence of top-down factors, the research found that Interpersonal interaction and Task performance/Goal achievement affect the way external factors impact on attention, and that the intensity of this relation varies according to the relevance of this moderation.
The challenge of measuring at municipal level tourism density has been a daunting task for both s... more The challenge of measuring at municipal level tourism density has been a daunting task for both statisticians and geographers. The reason of this is enforced by the fact that administrative areas, such as municipalities, tend to be large spatial administrative units, sharing a large demographic asymmetry of tourist demand within the municipality. The rationale is that geographic characteristics such as coastal line, climate and vegetation, play a crucial role in tourist offer, leaning towards the conclusion that traditional census at administrative level are simply not enough to interpret the true distribution of tourism data. A more quantifiable method is necessary to assess the distribution of socio-economic data. This is developed by means of a dasymetric approach adding on the advantages of multi-temporal comparison. This paper adopts a dasymetric approach for defining tourism density per land use types using the CORINE Land Cover dataset. A density map for tourism is calculated...
Despite the increasing interest in eudaimonic tourism experiences in recent years, research in to... more Despite the increasing interest in eudaimonic tourism experiences in recent years, research in tourism studies is fragmented. In addition, studies most often lack conceptualization, not clarifying whether the construct refers to state or trait level and what psychological mechanism is analysed, whether experience, functioning, behaviour or motivation. This pilot study aims to contribute to a better understanding of eudaimonia in tourism experiences by proposing the construct of Eudaimonic Feelings as a proxy for eudaimonia. Eudaimonic Feelings is considered a state-level construct defined as the cognitive-affective appraisals towards self-fulfilment, authenticity, truthful social interactions, and personal meaningfulness concerning a tourism experience. Adopting a multi-item approach, items found in prior research were adapted to explore and measure Eudaimonic Feelings through a survey using a convenience sample. Results support data unidimensionality, items’ reliability, and constr...
Tratando-se o turismo de um sector de actividade capaz de se constituir como alavanca do crescime... more Tratando-se o turismo de um sector de actividade capaz de se constituir como alavanca do crescimento económico, assim como da prosperidade social e da sustentabilidade ambiental, a qualidade deve assumir um claro protagonismo, muito especialmente a nível dos destinos. Com efeito, não só é a esse nível que os turistas fazem as suas escolhas de férias, como também a avaliação que realizam a respeito desta ou daquela organização turística vem a repercutir-se na imagem global do destino. Porque a experiência turística é indissociável da totalidade de uma cadeia de valor, a qualidade deve ser encarada como uma preocupação de todos os stakeholders, e não exclusivamente da indústria turística. Abordagens no âmbito das organizações têm vindo a fundamentar a convicção de que a gestão da qualidade emana dos valores, princípios e normas prevalecentes na organização, por conseguinte, da sua cultura. Trata-se de uma perspectiva diferente, e mais alargada, a respeito da qualidade, pois transcende...
Overtourism is currently a topic of high interest to tourism researchers and stakeholders as tour... more Overtourism is currently a topic of high interest to tourism researchers and stakeholders as tourism growth in city centres is causing social effects perceived as negative by some residents as it impacts their quality of life. Tourism scholars and stakeholders are challenged to develop policy to address this perceived excessive number of visitors. Some options previously discussed are to divert tourist flows to less frequently visited areas and to prevent tourist actions perceived as misbehaviour. In this chapter, an alternative approach is adopted based on development of creative tourism, a type of community-led tourism driven by endogenous creative assets and people. Creative tourism utilises living intangible culture in a new way to provide the basis for product innovation and a more sustainable tourism in cities.
ABSTRACT Tourism, by definition, involves travel outside one's usual environment. This means ... more ABSTRACT Tourism, by definition, involves travel outside one's usual environment. This means that a tourist's attention cannot rely only on previously experienced known symbols and markers and instead derives meaning from paying attention to their surroundings. In this context, management of a visitor's attention processes is a key issue in the design of memorable tourist experiences and business success. Psychological research highlights two types of attention processes: bottom-up and top-down. This research is the first to identify factors influencing bottom-up attention during on-site experience and to examine the moderating impact of top-down factors of attention. The empirical research used questionnaires obtained from tourists participating in two animal-based experiences at a theme park. The results show that of the bottom-up factors analyzed, only two influenced attention, Rarity and Environment stimulation. Concerning the moderating influence of top-down factors, the research found that Interpersonal interaction and Task performance/Goal achievement affect the way external factors impact on attention, and that the intensity of this relation varies according to the relevance of this moderation.
Overtourism is currently a topic of high interest to tourism researchers and stakeholders as tour... more Overtourism is currently a topic of high interest to tourism researchers and stakeholders as tourism growth in city centres is causing social effects perceived as negative by some residents as it impacts their quality of life. Tourism scholars and stakeholders are challenged to develop policy to address this perceived excessive number of visitors. Some options previously discussed are to divert tourist flows to less frequently visited areas and to prevent tourist actions perceived as misbehaviour. In this chapter, an alternative approach is adopted based on development of creative tourism, a type of community-led tourism driven by endogenous creative assets and people. Creative tourism utilises living intangible culture in a new way to provide the basis for product innovation and a more sustainable tourism in cities.
Advances in Hospitality, Tourism, and the Services Industry, 2022
While other disciplinary approaches such as sociology and anthropology are important, this chapte... more While other disciplinary approaches such as sociology and anthropology are important, this chapter introduces a cognitivist psychology approach to experience research. Such theoretical discussion may seem of little practical use, but the chapter argues that it is fundamental to understanding how and why experiences are created. The chapter applies theory and concepts from cognitive science (cognitive psychology and neuroscience) in the study of tourism experiences. This provides a different psychological paradigm to the behavioural approach currently in use in much research. The chapter describes the scope of cognitive psychology and neuroscience, its main concepts of cognitive psychology (perception, attention, emotion, memory, consciousness, learning), and their neuronal basis (neuroscience). These concepts are then applied in three topic areas related to tourism experiences: decision making, emotion, and attention. Several applications to tourism experience research are noted. Fi...
This chapter focuses on co-creative on-site tourist experiences and how these stimulate attention... more This chapter focuses on co-creative on-site tourist experiences and how these stimulate attention and contribute to increased memorability. The chapter presents a case study of tourist experience and behaviour in the Dolphin Emotions Experience (DEE) at Zoomarine Park, Algarve, Portugal.
portuguesO paradigma da co-criacao propoe que as empresas reconhecam as capacidades e recursos do... more portuguesO paradigma da co-criacao propoe que as empresas reconhecam as capacidades e recursos dos clientes como fonte de criacao de valor. A experiencia co-criativa surge, neste contexto, como uma oportunidade de o cliente participar activamente na criacao personalizada de valor. A co-criacao por parte do cliente e, no presente estudo, analisada mediante as propostas de experiencias co-criativas apresentadas por tres hoteis portugueses. Espera-se que os resultados desta investigacao possam auxiliar negocios similares a estimular a sua orientacao para este emergente modelo de negocio EnglishThe co-creation paradigm advocates businesses to focus on customers' skills and resources in order to create value. The co-creative experience emerges in this context as an opportunity for the customer to actively participate in the creation of personalized value. Customer co-creation is addressed in this study through the analysis of the propositions of co-creative experiences facilitated by...
Purpose– This paper aims to address the central guiding questions: What principles of services ma... more Purpose– This paper aims to address the central guiding questions: What principles of services management need urgent re-thinking in the Asian Century? What opportunities and challenges lie ahead?Design/methodology/approach– This paper provides a review of relevant literature on hedonic consumption and related issues of emotion, attention, mental time travel and, importantly, how these phenomena may be measured.Findings– The paper addresses this question from a psychological and customer perspective. Services managers are well-positioned and have a great future for two reasons. First, services in general are the growing part of the global economy. Second, services managers provide the experiences required by increasingly affluent consumers. On the other hand, there is in general within the services sector, a lack of knowledge and expertise in understanding the consumer psychology of hedonic consumption. Additionally, and especially in Western countries, there is lack of knowledge ab...
This paper reviews the literature concerning co-creation of tourism experiences. It analyses the ... more This paper reviews the literature concerning co-creation of tourism experiences. It analyses the theoretical underpinnings of co-creation and discusses key dimensions of the concept from the tourist's perspective, highlighting the importance of active participation and interaction. The aim is to propose a psychology-focused definition of on-site co-creation tourism experience on which to base a conceptual framework relating important constructs. Opportunities for future empirical research in this area are suggested.
Despite the increasing interest in eudaimonic tourism experiences in recent years, research in to... more Despite the increasing interest in eudaimonic tourism experiences in recent years, research in tourism studies is fragmented. In addition, studies most often lack conceptualization, not clarifying whether the construct refers to state or trait level and what psychological mechanism is analysed, whether experience, functioning, behaviour or motivation. This pilot study aims to contribute to a better understanding of eudaimonia in tourism experiences by proposing the construct of Eudaimonic Feelings as a proxy for eudaimonia. Eudaimonic Feelings is considered a state-level construct defined as the cognitive-affective appraisals towards self-fulfilment, authenticity, truthful social interactions, and personal meaningfulness concerning a tourism experience. Adopting a multi-item approach, items found in prior research were adapted to explore and measure Eudaimonic Feelings through a survey using a convenience sample. Results support data unidimensionality, items' reliability, and construct robustness and replicability.
Storytelling has been posited as a co-creative tool to increase visitor engagement and experience... more Storytelling has been posited as a co-creative tool to increase visitor engagement and experience memorability. However, a lack of knowledge exists regarding its role, implementation and impact in museum and heritage tourism settings. This exploratory work investigates how it applies in these settings. A storytelling tour was implemented at the Islamic Museum of Tavira, Portugal. Methodologically, this study adopted a qualitative approach, using the focus groups method. Three groups of participants were invited to participate and then data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results show the impact of storytelling on visitors' emotional engagement, imagination and memorability. From this study's findings, a conceptual model of the heritage experience integrating storytelling is proposed to support the design of heritage experiences at museums. Moreover, future research is recommended on digital technology and multi-media application in the heritage experience, and also on causal relationships between storytelling and other elements of heritage experiences.
ECKM 2019 20th European Conference on Knowledge , 2019
Absorptive capacity is an important dimension of the innovative capacity of firms. One of the mai... more Absorptive capacity is an important dimension of the innovative capacity of firms. One of the main factors influencing absorptive capacity is exposure to external sources of knowledge, namely consortia. Considering that absorptive capacity dynamics is an underdeveloped research topic in extant literature on knowledge management, this study's aim is to empirically analyze the relationship between cooperation within hotel marketing consortia and adoption of explicit and implicit knowledge management practices. Accordingly, a survey was conducted with 4* and 5* hotels in Portugal affiliated to a hotel marketing consortium. Results showed there is a strong relationship between level of cooperation within consortia and level of adoption of explicit and implicit knowledge management practices.
Multilevel Approach to Competitiveness in the Global Tourism Industry, 2020
The production of salt has always been part of human life. Salt natural sources may vary from roc... more The production of salt has always been part of human life. Salt natural sources may vary from rock mine to marine water. Some places have developed their economy considerably due to the extraction and trade of this raw material. More recently, traditional sea salt production activities have been attracting attention from a diversified range of the public. Traditional salt producers usually focus on production, but as a result of tourist demand for visiting salt production activities, producers must develop the intention to receive visitors. Such reception not only shows visitors the activity, but serves as an advertisement to international markets likely to add value to such an ancient, fundamental good: salt.
Handbook of Research on Resident and Tourist Perspectives on Travel Destinations, 2020
In this chapter, the construct of operant resource is explored in the context of young independen... more In this chapter, the construct of operant resource is explored in the context of young independent travel. The main purposes of the study are to analyze young travelers' perceptions about independent travel and operant resources that contribute the most to its success. A qualitative design was adopted, given the explorative nature of the research. Online semi-structured interviews were conducted to a sample of young travelers, using the snowball sampling procedure. Qualitative data analysis was conducted subsequently and main findings indicate that freedom, being in control, and authenticity are predominant feelings within this sample. They also show that most valued operant resources in the context of independent travel are informational and human. Conclusions drawn contribute to a better understanding of independent travel by youths and may help tourism businesses and destinations to strategically approach this market segment.
Content generation in the age of the internet of things has been transforming tourism businesses'... more Content generation in the age of the internet of things has been transforming tourism businesses' digital strategies. Despite changes observed in the business environment following the continuous importance of consumers' role in the creation of content, hotels have to pay attention to the creation of their own content as it will influence visibility and relationship with customers. Information and communication technologies (ICT) are increasingly critical for the management and marketing of the hotel sector. This research aims at exploring the influence of generated content in the effectiveness of hotel brand identity creation. A case study was conducted on The Hotel, a luxury hotel located in Brussels, as a way to discuss the importance of the application of digital strategies in building hotel brand identity using a co-creation approach to the process. The chapter also highlights the tools used to communicate the identity and the resulting impacts on the performance of The Hotel.
Planning and Managing the Experience Economy in Tourism, 2022
While other disciplinary approaches such as sociology and anthropology are important, this chapte... more While other disciplinary approaches such as sociology and anthropology are important, this chapter introduces a cognitivist psychology approach to experience research. Such theoretical discussion may seem of little practical use, but the chapter argues that it is fundamental to understanding how and why experiences are created. The chapter applies theory and concepts from cognitive science (cognitive psychology and neuroscience) in the study of tourism experiences. This provides a different psychological paradigm to the behavioural approach currently in use in much research. The chapter describes the scope of cognitive psychology and neuroscience, its main concepts of cognitive psychology (perception, attention, emotion, memory, consciousness, learning), and their neuronal basis (neuroscience). These concepts are then applied in three topic areas related to tourism experiences: decision making, emotion, and attention. Several applications to tourism experience research are noted. Finally, the chapter discusses the way cognitive psychology concepts can be used in tourism research.
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Papers by Ana Cláudia Campos