UK SHANWAD

Study was conducted on deep Vertisols to evaluate the influence of tillage and fertilizer levels on performance ofsunflower hybrids in paddy fallows. Sunflower hybrids were grown in conventional-till (CT), Minimum-till (MT),Reduced-till (RT) and zero-till (ZT) with graded fertilization. Averaged across fertilizer rates, cultivars, and years,sunflower seed yields were greater with CT (1477 kg/ha) than with MT, RT and ZT. Graded fertilizers at 150% RDF(1424 kg/ha) increased grain yield over RDF and reduced level at 75% RDF but varied over years. Economic returns also higher in CT along with graded fertilizers for RSFH-1887. Results indicate sunflower can be grown successfully in paddy fallows with CT and MT and graded fertilization in the Vertisols.

Agriculture plays an important role in the economic development of Sedam taluk of Gulbarga district of Northern Karnataka. Nearly 80 per cent of the total area is arable and 76 per cent of the total population is engaged in different agricultural activities. Farmers are harvesting single crop in a year. Characterization and analysis of watershed were carried out using IRS 1D PAN + LISS III (merged data), LISS III data and Survey of India topomaps. Geo-referencing of the satellite data and preparation of different thematic layers like, land use/land cover, soil, hydro-geomorphology, drainage, slope etc. were carried out with the help of ERDAS IMAGINE and ArcGIS software. The results of the study revealed that there is ample scope for water harvesting structures and soil conservation practices in the watershed. The agricultural resource plan includes provision of alternate land use practices like agriculture, agro-horticulture, agro-forestry, afforestation, fodder and fuel and dryland horticulture. Information derived in terms of natural resources and their spatial distribution was then integrated with socioeconomic data to develop resources action plans. Such plans are very much useful for efficient and sustainable management of natural resources.

Agriculture plays an important role in the economic development of Sedam taluk of Gulbarga district of Northern Karnataka. Nearly 80 per cent of the total area is arable and 76 per cent of the total population is engaged in different agricultural activities. Farmers are harvesting single crop in a year. Characterization and analysis of watershed were carried out using IRS 1D PAN + LISS III (merged data), LISS III data and Survey of India topomaps. Geo-referencing of the satellite data and preparation of different thematic layers like, land use/land cover, soil, hydro-geomorphology, drainage, slope etc. were carried out with the help of ERDAS IMAGINE and ArcGIS software. The results of the study revealed that there is ample scope for water harvesting structures and soil conservation practices in the watershed. The agricultural resource plan includes provision of alternate land use practices like agriculture, agro-horticulture, agro-forestry, afforestation, fodder and fuel and dryland horticulture. Information derived in terms of natural resources and their spatial distribution was then integrated with socioeconomic data to develop resources action plans. Such plans are very much useful for efficient and sustainable management of natural resources.

Introduction Agriculture being mainly rainfed in Raichur region of Karnataka state is characterized by uneven and erratic distribution of rainfall. Since rainfall is the only source of moisture, the spatio-temporal distribution of rains holds the key in determining the fate of entire crop productivity in the region. Knowledge of average monthly, seasonal and annual rainfall is helpful in understanding the general picture of the particular region. India's economy is dependent on the agricultural production, which in turn is dependent on the monsoon rainfall and its distribution. The year to year fluctuation in rainfall as well as the fluctuation within the monsoon season governs the crop growth, development and yield. Even in monsoon months the crops are subjected to moisture stress due to occasional dry spells. Although the rainfall is high, the distribution is erratic making the crop vulnerable even during monsoon. Rainfall pattern largely decides the crop planning in dry farming tracts. Amount, distribution and intensity of rainfall mainly determine the choice of any particular crop species and agronomic practices. Scientific study on the quantum and distribution of rainfall if made would enable the farming community to adjust or modify the cropping programs as well as the cultural operations. Rainfall, being considered as the prime input for agriculture has its own erratic behavior in terms of amount and distribution. For better crop planning, a detailed study on rainfall behavior is vital. Rainfall variability, both in time and space influences the agricultural productivity and sustainability of a region, as opined by Virmani (1994). Raichur region of Karnataka state is predominantly a rainfed region. South west monsoon is the

Sorghum is one of the important staple food grains supporting more than 500 million lives in the arid and semi-arid tropics of Africa and Asia, which are predicted to be most adversely affected by climate change. Knowledge on stability in the expression of morpho-agronomic traits over environments/seasons is essential to assess the success of breeding efforts for climate change. We studied the stability in expression of 12 sorghum descriptors in three popular hybrids (CSH 9, CSH 14 and CSH 16), their parental lines (296A, AKMS 14A, 27A, CS 3541, AKR 150 and C 43) and two other popular male parents (` 29 and Indore 12) over 4-6 seasons, including rainy and post-rainy seasons. Expression of traits like time of panicle emergence, natural height of plant up to base of flag leaf, total height, leaf length and width, stem diameter, panicle length and 1000-grain weight varied slightly between rainy and post-rainy seasons. However, variation was minimal among the years under the same season...

A field experiment was conducted during late kharif 2007 under rainfed condition at University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad on sunflower hybrid ‘DSH-1’ to study the effect of micronutrient application on sumflower. The micronutrients B (0.3%), Zn (0.5%) and Fe (0.5%) were applied individually or in combination of two against control twice at 35 and 55 days after sowing. The productivity of sunflower enhanced significantly by the alone application of B, Zn or Fe. However, boron application was proved to be the best. Combined use of any two micronutrients could not increase yield over alone application of boron.

Paddy crop acreage and yield estimation using geospatial technology were carried out in North Eastern Dry Zone (Zone-2) covering Shorapur taluk, Yadgir district, Karnataka state, India, during rabi late sown or summer 2016-17 season. The study area is located between 16° 20ꞌ to 17° 45ꞌ north latitude and 76° 04ꞌ to 77° 42ꞌ east longitude, at an elevation of 428 meters above mean sea level. The RESOURCESAT-1 LISS III satellite image of 31st January 2017, 24th February 2017, 20th March 2017 and LANDSAT-8 of 15th April 2017 were used for paddy crop acreage estimation at taluk level. Paddy signatures were identified using ground truth GPS data and then, these temporal imageries were subjected to NDVI classification and estimated the paddy biomass and further validated with the ground-truthing in corresponding to Green Seeker NDVI value. The estimated paddy crop acreage through imagery NDVI were 2145.75 ha, 17602.21 ha, 19838 ha and 23004.01 ha area during Jan-2017, Feb-2017, March-2017 ...

: The pot experiment was carried out during September 2015 to January 2016 at instructional farm, College of Agricultural Engineering, UAS Raichur under rain shelter to study the effect of different water regimes, (i.e. T1:100, T2:90, T3:80, T4:70, T5:60 and T6:50) per cent of water application with available moisture holding capacity on grain yield and crop coefficients for different treatments. Completely Randomized block design with four replications was used in this study. The results showed that there was significant difference between the yield and crop coefficients under different levels of irrigation. The total irrigation water applied were (i.e., 211.98, 243.02, 225.78, 155.09, 135.51 and 105.62 mm/plant) under different water regime treatments (100, 90, 80, 70, 60 and 50 %) of available moisture holding capacity (AMHC) respectively. Grain yield productions under different treatments were 106.25, 171.25, 127.50, 75, 55 and 40.75 g/plant/pot at 100, 90, 80, 70, 60 and 50 per...

An increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration and temperature, together with other climate change factors could greatly affects agricultural productivity as well as quality of produce. Understanding the change in atmospheric CO2 and temperature in conjunction with the ongoing global change is crucial to prepare for mitigation and any adoption for future agricultural production. Our study was mainly concentrated on response of maize and groundnut genotypes to climate change with respect to quality aspects. An experiment was conducted in Open Top Chambers (OTC’s) at the Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Science, Raichur. Two maize genotypes i.e. CP-818 and Hema and groundnut genotypes TMV-2 and K-9 were evaluated for two CO2 levels (ambient CO2 and elevated CO2 @ 550 ppm) along with combination of temperature (ambient temperature and elevated temperature @ 2 °C) for kharif and rabi seasons of 2015. Results of the experiments were analysed through two factor...

Human kind invented agriculture 10,000 years ago. After a long mile, nowhere in the world has agriculture made an impact as it has in India. The economy of the second most populous country in the world is inextricably linked to the pulse of its agricultural success or failure. The green revolution in the late 60’s saw the country through a period of what could otherwise have been the worst famine in the world. Yet after nearly three and half decades into the post green revolution period, the country still faces crisis each year in trying to meet the burgeoning demand for food by its people. As the result of information technology application in agriculture, precision farming is a feasible approach for sustainable agriculture. Precision farming makes use of remote sensing to macro-control of GPS to locate precisely ground position and of GIS to store ground information. It precisely establishes various operations, such as the best tillage, application of fertilizer, sowing, irrigatio...

Prosopis juliflora is popularly known as Honey Mesquite in the western world, commonly known as mesquite in India and popularly known as Bellary Jali in Karnataka. Prosopis is fast growing, salt-tolerant and drought-tolerant trees that can grow in an areas receiving as little as 50 mm of rainfall per year. This is a rhizomatous perennial weed dominating an important part of productive agricultural lands in most of the developing countries including India. It tolerates traditional methods of weed control such as soil solarisation and mechanical methods. This study was carried out to manage this weed with the available herbicides on cultivated land at the Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences Campus, Raichur in Karnataka State in southern India during 2009 to 2011. Several easily available herbicides were used including Mera – 71 (Glyphosate), Paraquat, 2, 4-D amine and ester, Diuron, Keroscene and Coaltar as individual chemicals with different concen...

A laboratory experiment was conducted during 2000–01 to study the allelopathic effect of weed species such as Cyperus rotundus, Commelina benghalensis, Parthenium hysterophorus and Prosopis juliflora. The aqueous weed leaves extract were applied @ 0% (control), 5% and 10% on sorghum, wheat, greengram, soybean, sunflower and groundnut seeds. Commelina and Cyperus extracts recorded significantly lower seed germination (80.1 and 85.3%), seedling length (10.0 and 11.5 cm) and seedling vigour index (866 and 1022), respectively as compared to Parthenium hysterophorus (89.5%, 13.1 cm, 1186) and Prosopis juliflora (92.5%, 14.4 cm, 1319), respectively. The groundnut and wheat were more resistance to allelopathic effect of weed species.

Accurate and timely information is necessary to evolve strategies for sustainable management of natural resources. Today’s “Space Age” supported by computer and communication technologies offer great scope for efficient planning and management of agricultural resources on scientific principles. The satellite data hitherto was considered as sensitive and used mostly for defence purposes. However, the space scientists are now willing to share the satellite data, although on a high cost basis, for civilian use. Remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) technologies have been of great use to planners in planning for efficient use of natural resources at national, state and district levels. Application of these technologies in the management of natural resources are increasing rapidly due to great strides made in space borne remote sensing satellites in terms of spatial, temporal, spectral and radiometric resolutions. Many of the conventional approaches of handling mult...

Seed size and its uniformity is an important factor in design and development of seed metering mechanism of any type of seed planter, which helps to optimize the structural parameters for optimum performance. Selected important physical and mechanical properties of three popular hybrids of cotton seeds were studied and its importance in pneumatic seed metering mechanism development discussed. The image analysis technique was used to measure linear dimensions of seed and data was compared and correlated with experimental method. The mean length, width and thickness of the selected varieties of cotton seeds were 8.84, 5.00 and 4.50 mm, respectively considered for the design of cells on the metering plate of cotton planter. The projected area and sphericity of the seed were 36.17, 39.86 and 29.73 mm 2 and 0.61, 0.64 and 0.67 for CH1, CH2 and CH3, respectively. Strong correlation was observed between experimental and image processing technique in length and width based linear seed dimen...

Human kind invented agriculture 10,000 years ago. After a long mile, nowhere in the world has agriculture made an impact as it has in India. The economy of the second most populous country in the world is inextricably linked to the pulse of its agricultural success or failure. The green revolution in the late 60’s saw the country through a period of what could otherwise have been the worst famine in the world. Yet after nearly three and half decades into the post green revolution period, the country still faces crisis each year in trying to meet the burgeoning demand for food by its people. As the result of information technology application in agriculture, precision farming is a feasible approach for sustainable agriculture. Precision farming makes use of remote sensing to macro-control of GPS to locate precisely ground position and of GIS to store ground information. It precisely establishes various operations, such as the best tillage, application of fertilizer, sowing, irrigatio...

Agriculture plays an important role in the economic development of Sedam taluk of Gulbarga district of Northern Karnataka. Nearly 80 per cent of the total area is arable and 76 per cent of the total population is engaged in different agricultural activities. Farmers are harvesting single crop in a year. Characterization and analysis of watershed were carried out using IRS 1D PAN + LISS III (merged data), LISS III data and Survey of India topomaps. Geo-referencing of the satellite data and preparation of different thematic layers like, land use/land cover, soil, hydro-geomorphology, drainage, slope etc. were carried out with the help of ERDAS IMAGINE and ArcGIS software. The results of the study revealed that there is ample scope for water harvesting structures and soil conservation practices in the watershed. The agricultural resource plan includes provision of alternate land use practices like agriculture, agro-horticulture, agro-forestry, afforestation, fodder and fuel and dryland...

Abstract Impact assessment of watershed development activity assumes greater importance in present day agriculture. Considering the ability of remote sensing technology in watershed monitoring and impact assessment, a study was carried out to investigate the ...

The field experiment was carried out in 2013 to 2014 rainy season at the Main Agricultural Research
Station, UAS, Raichur, India to study the response of soil test crop response (STCR) approach on the
yield and quality of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). The experiment was laid out by Randomized
Complete Block Design (RCBD) design with three replications. The analysis of variance revealed that
the application of fertilizers based on STCR along with foliar application of micro-nutrients significantly
recorded higher head diameter, 100 seed weight, , number of filled seed head-1,seed filling per cent,
seed yield ha-1, Stover yield ha-1, oil content and oil yield ha-1. Further a higher gross return, net returns
and benefit-cost ratio (BCR) were observed when compared to the other treatment combinations carried
out during the experiment viz., recommended dose fertilizer (RDF) of NPK (Control). Overall, we
concluded that the input of STCR approach had positive effects on quantitative and qualitative traits of
sunflower in conditions of studied area as compared to RDF method.