I am a Full Professor and Chair, Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea Cameroon since 2008 and Consultant Obstetrician and Gynecologist at the Douala General Hospital since 1995. I was trained at the University of Pavia (IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia), Italy as an Obstetrician and Gynecologist and I sub-specialised in Infertility and Endoscopic Surgery at the University of Paris V (Rene Descartes), Cochin-Port Royal Hospital, Paris, France. I did a fellowship on Reproductive Endocrinology including IVF laboratory at the University of Tel-Aviv, Sackler School of Medicine (Rabin Medical Centre), Israel. I have been practising OB/GYN, Gynecologic Endoscopic Surgery, Infertility and IVF since 1995. I am author to 45 scientific papers and member of several academic organisations. I am married and father of four children.
Obstetrics & Gynecology International Journal, 2020
Introduction: The vaginal flora consists of bacilli of Doderleïn (various species of lactobacilli... more Introduction: The vaginal flora consists of bacilli of Doderleïn (various species of lactobacilli) which constitute a biofilm on the mucosa. These bacteria play a protective role by inhibiting the growth, adhesion or expansion of other microorganisms. To do this, various mechanisms are deployed, including the secretion of organic acids, antimicrobial substances, competition for nutrients and receptor sites as well as steric exclusion. This balance is sometimes called into question by the use of oral medications and antiseptics for vaginal cleansing, oral contraception, diseases such as the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) or diabetes. Objective: The objective of this work was to study the vaginal flora of women residing in the city of Douala. Methodology: we carried out in three health structures in the city of Douala a transverse analytical study for seven (7) months in women aged at least 21 years. We randomly included 540 women who gave their written and signed consent. The var...
Background Emergency Obstetric Hysterectomy (EOH) is removal of the uterus due to life threatenin... more Background Emergency Obstetric Hysterectomy (EOH) is removal of the uterus due to life threatening conditions within the puerperium. This life saving intervention is associated with life threatening complications. In our setting, little is known on EOH. Objectives To determine the prevalence, indications and outcomes of emergency obstetric hysterectomy while comparing both postpartum hysterectomy and caesarean hysterectomy. Methods A 5-year hospital-based retrospective cohort study involving medical records of patients who underwent emergency obstetric hysterectomies between 1st January 2015 and 31st December 2019, was carried out at the Bafoussam Regional Hospital (BRH) from 1st February 2020 to 30th April 2020. Cases were classified as caesarean hysterectomy (CH) or postpartum hysterectomy (PH). Epidemiological data, indications, and complications of EOH were collected and analyzed in EPI-INFO 7.2.2.1. The chi-squared test was used to compare the two groups, and bivariate analysis...
Background Lactational breast abscesses are uncommon in the puerperium but when they do develop, ... more Background Lactational breast abscesses are uncommon in the puerperium but when they do develop, delays in specialist referral may occur especially in resource low settings. There is a dearth of studies regarding lactational breast abscesses in Cameroon. We aimed to estimate the incidence of lactational breast abscess and describe its management by percutaneous aspiration at the Douala General Hospital, Cameroon. Methods We conducted an observational prospective study of 25 breastfeeding women at the Douala General Hospital from January 1, 2015, to October 31, 2015. Participants were consenting breastfeeding women who completed a baseline questionnaire after diagnosis of lactational breast abscesses and underwent percutaneous needle aspiration under local anaesthesia. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics. Results The estimated incidence of lactational breast abscesses was 0.74% (28/3792). The age range of babies at the onset of breast abscess was 4 to 35 weeks; mean 28...
Journal of midwifery and reproductive health, 2020
Background & aim: The caesarean rate is on the rise in Cameroon; nonetheless, there is a paucity ... more Background & aim: The caesarean rate is on the rise in Cameroon; nonetheless, there is a paucity of data regarding its associated risk factors and outcomes. This study aimed to determine the associated risk factors, as well as maternal and fetal outcomes of caesarean delivery in four hospitals in Cameroon. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1322 parturient women who gave birth in one tertiary, two secondary, and one primary healthcare facility in Cameroon within March 2015-February 2016. Maternal and fetal data were obtained by interviewer-administered pretested questionnaires. Univariate and multivariate analyses with Chi-square and Fischer's exact tests compared outcomes between caesarean and vaginal births. Results: Referral from one hospital to another (AOR 2.83; 95% CI: 2.09-3.84) and antimicrobial use during labor and delivery (AOR 11.0; 95% CI: 7.6-17) were maternal factors independently associated with caesarean delivery. Postpartum hemorrhage of 1000-...
Background Stillbirths bring grief to both mother and family but have been underreported in Camer... more Background Stillbirths bring grief to both mother and family but have been underreported in Cameroon. We aimed at determining the stillbirth rates and associated risk factors in the Buea Regional Hospital (BRH) and the Limbe Regional Hospital (LRH), Cameroon. Materials and methods This was a hospital-based unmatched case-control study in which files of women with stillbirth (cases) were analysed. A woman with a live birth in the same maternity during the same period served as a control. Data were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire. The stillbirth rate was the number of stillbirths per thousand births. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent factors associated with stillbirth. Results Stillbirth rates at the BRH and LRH were 33.72 and 36.45 per 1000 live births. The factors that were independently associated with stillbirth were: referral status (AOR 3.95; 95% CI: 1.85–6.58, p = 0.000), late booking visit - after 12 weeks (AOR 13.64; 95% CI: 1.49–124.83,...
British journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 1994
To estimate the risk of fetal growth retardation resulting from the interaction between maternal ... more To estimate the risk of fetal growth retardation resulting from the interaction between maternal smoking during pregnancy and other recognized risk factors. Case-control study of prospectively recorded data. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Pavia, Italy. Three hundred and forty-seven singleton pregnancies with diagnosis of fetal growth retardation and 694 control pregnancies with appropriately grown fetuses. The overall odds ratio for fetal growth retardation associated with maternal smoking was 2.87 (95% confidence interval, 2.17-3.80). In logistic models the factors which independently increased the smoking-related risk of fetal growth retardation were a male fetus, nulliparity, maternal age 20 years or less, a history of first trimester haemorrhage and low (less than 50 kg) pre-pregnancy weight. The combined effect of smoking and caffeine consumption on the risk of fetal growth retardation was found to be additive rather than multiplicative. Several factors...
The relationship between smoking in pregnancy and the development of pre-eclampsia has not been w... more The relationship between smoking in pregnancy and the development of pre-eclampsia has not been well studied. Smoking habits were prospectively evaluated in 117 patients with pre-eclampsia and 468 normotensive control pregnancies. Twenty cases (17.1%) and 120 controls (25.6%) reported smoking at any time during pregnancy. In stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis, smoking in pregnancy was a significant protective factor against the occurrence of pre-eclampsia (adjusted odds ratio = 0.50; 95% confidence interval 0.28-0.80, P = 0.018). On the other hand, a history of pre-eclampsia in previous pregnancies, low (< 6th grade) educational level, a body mass index > 24 and maternal blood group AB were factors independently associated with an increased risk of pre-eclampsia. In conclusion, this study confirms that smoking in pregnancy reduces the risk of pre-eclampsia. However, the harmful consequences of smoking on pregnancy outcome far outweigh this risk reduction.
Background Stillbirths bring grief to both mother and family but have been underreported in Camer... more Background Stillbirths bring grief to both mother and family but have been underreported in Cameroon. We aimed at determining the stillbirth rates and associated risk factors in the Buea Regional Hospital (BRH) and the Limbe Regional Hospital (LRH), Cameroon. Materials and methods This was a hospital-based unmatched case-control study in which files of women with stillbirth (cases) were analysed. A woman with a live birth in the same maternity during the same period served as a control. Data were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire. The stillbirth rate was the number of stillbirths per thousand births. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent factors associated with stillbirth. Results Stillbirth rates at the BRH and LRH were 33.72 and 36.45 per 1000 live births. The factors that were independently associated with stillbirth were: referral status (AOR 3.95; 95% CI: 1.85–6.58, p = 0.000), late booking visit - after 12 weeks (AOR 13.64; 95% CI: 1.49–124.83,...
The relationship between smoking in pregnancy and the development of pre-eclampsia has not been w... more The relationship between smoking in pregnancy and the development of pre-eclampsia has not been well studied. Smoking habits were prospectively evaluated in 117 patients with pre-eclampsia and 468 normotensive control pregnancies. Twenty cases (17.1%) and 120 controls (25.6%) reported smoking at any time during pregnancy. In stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis, smoking in pregnancy was a significant protective factor against the occurrence of pre-eclampsia (adjusted odds ratio = 0.50; 95% confidence interval 0.28-0.80, P = 0.018). On the other hand, a history of pre-eclampsia in previous pregnancies, low (&amp;amp;lt; 6th grade) educational level, a body mass index &amp;amp;gt; 24 and maternal blood group AB were factors independently associated with an increased risk of pre-eclampsia. In conclusion, this study confirms that smoking in pregnancy reduces the risk of pre-eclampsia. However, the harmful consequences of smoking on pregnancy outcome far outweigh this risk reduction.
Obstetrics & Gynecology International Journal, 2020
Introduction: The vaginal flora consists of bacilli of Doderleïn (various species of lactobacilli... more Introduction: The vaginal flora consists of bacilli of Doderleïn (various species of lactobacilli) which constitute a biofilm on the mucosa. These bacteria play a protective role by inhibiting the growth, adhesion or expansion of other microorganisms. To do this, various mechanisms are deployed, including the secretion of organic acids, antimicrobial substances, competition for nutrients and receptor sites as well as steric exclusion. This balance is sometimes called into question by the use of oral medications and antiseptics for vaginal cleansing, oral contraception, diseases such as the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) or diabetes. Objective: The objective of this work was to study the vaginal flora of women residing in the city of Douala. Methodology: we carried out in three health structures in the city of Douala a transverse analytical study for seven (7) months in women aged at least 21 years. We randomly included 540 women who gave their written and signed consent. The var...
Background Emergency Obstetric Hysterectomy (EOH) is removal of the uterus due to life threatenin... more Background Emergency Obstetric Hysterectomy (EOH) is removal of the uterus due to life threatening conditions within the puerperium. This life saving intervention is associated with life threatening complications. In our setting, little is known on EOH. Objectives To determine the prevalence, indications and outcomes of emergency obstetric hysterectomy while comparing both postpartum hysterectomy and caesarean hysterectomy. Methods A 5-year hospital-based retrospective cohort study involving medical records of patients who underwent emergency obstetric hysterectomies between 1st January 2015 and 31st December 2019, was carried out at the Bafoussam Regional Hospital (BRH) from 1st February 2020 to 30th April 2020. Cases were classified as caesarean hysterectomy (CH) or postpartum hysterectomy (PH). Epidemiological data, indications, and complications of EOH were collected and analyzed in EPI-INFO 7.2.2.1. The chi-squared test was used to compare the two groups, and bivariate analysis...
Background Lactational breast abscesses are uncommon in the puerperium but when they do develop, ... more Background Lactational breast abscesses are uncommon in the puerperium but when they do develop, delays in specialist referral may occur especially in resource low settings. There is a dearth of studies regarding lactational breast abscesses in Cameroon. We aimed to estimate the incidence of lactational breast abscess and describe its management by percutaneous aspiration at the Douala General Hospital, Cameroon. Methods We conducted an observational prospective study of 25 breastfeeding women at the Douala General Hospital from January 1, 2015, to October 31, 2015. Participants were consenting breastfeeding women who completed a baseline questionnaire after diagnosis of lactational breast abscesses and underwent percutaneous needle aspiration under local anaesthesia. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics. Results The estimated incidence of lactational breast abscesses was 0.74% (28/3792). The age range of babies at the onset of breast abscess was 4 to 35 weeks; mean 28...
Journal of midwifery and reproductive health, 2020
Background & aim: The caesarean rate is on the rise in Cameroon; nonetheless, there is a paucity ... more Background & aim: The caesarean rate is on the rise in Cameroon; nonetheless, there is a paucity of data regarding its associated risk factors and outcomes. This study aimed to determine the associated risk factors, as well as maternal and fetal outcomes of caesarean delivery in four hospitals in Cameroon. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1322 parturient women who gave birth in one tertiary, two secondary, and one primary healthcare facility in Cameroon within March 2015-February 2016. Maternal and fetal data were obtained by interviewer-administered pretested questionnaires. Univariate and multivariate analyses with Chi-square and Fischer's exact tests compared outcomes between caesarean and vaginal births. Results: Referral from one hospital to another (AOR 2.83; 95% CI: 2.09-3.84) and antimicrobial use during labor and delivery (AOR 11.0; 95% CI: 7.6-17) were maternal factors independently associated with caesarean delivery. Postpartum hemorrhage of 1000-...
Background Stillbirths bring grief to both mother and family but have been underreported in Camer... more Background Stillbirths bring grief to both mother and family but have been underreported in Cameroon. We aimed at determining the stillbirth rates and associated risk factors in the Buea Regional Hospital (BRH) and the Limbe Regional Hospital (LRH), Cameroon. Materials and methods This was a hospital-based unmatched case-control study in which files of women with stillbirth (cases) were analysed. A woman with a live birth in the same maternity during the same period served as a control. Data were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire. The stillbirth rate was the number of stillbirths per thousand births. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent factors associated with stillbirth. Results Stillbirth rates at the BRH and LRH were 33.72 and 36.45 per 1000 live births. The factors that were independently associated with stillbirth were: referral status (AOR 3.95; 95% CI: 1.85–6.58, p = 0.000), late booking visit - after 12 weeks (AOR 13.64; 95% CI: 1.49–124.83,...
British journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 1994
To estimate the risk of fetal growth retardation resulting from the interaction between maternal ... more To estimate the risk of fetal growth retardation resulting from the interaction between maternal smoking during pregnancy and other recognized risk factors. Case-control study of prospectively recorded data. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Pavia, Italy. Three hundred and forty-seven singleton pregnancies with diagnosis of fetal growth retardation and 694 control pregnancies with appropriately grown fetuses. The overall odds ratio for fetal growth retardation associated with maternal smoking was 2.87 (95% confidence interval, 2.17-3.80). In logistic models the factors which independently increased the smoking-related risk of fetal growth retardation were a male fetus, nulliparity, maternal age 20 years or less, a history of first trimester haemorrhage and low (less than 50 kg) pre-pregnancy weight. The combined effect of smoking and caffeine consumption on the risk of fetal growth retardation was found to be additive rather than multiplicative. Several factors...
The relationship between smoking in pregnancy and the development of pre-eclampsia has not been w... more The relationship between smoking in pregnancy and the development of pre-eclampsia has not been well studied. Smoking habits were prospectively evaluated in 117 patients with pre-eclampsia and 468 normotensive control pregnancies. Twenty cases (17.1%) and 120 controls (25.6%) reported smoking at any time during pregnancy. In stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis, smoking in pregnancy was a significant protective factor against the occurrence of pre-eclampsia (adjusted odds ratio = 0.50; 95% confidence interval 0.28-0.80, P = 0.018). On the other hand, a history of pre-eclampsia in previous pregnancies, low (< 6th grade) educational level, a body mass index > 24 and maternal blood group AB were factors independently associated with an increased risk of pre-eclampsia. In conclusion, this study confirms that smoking in pregnancy reduces the risk of pre-eclampsia. However, the harmful consequences of smoking on pregnancy outcome far outweigh this risk reduction.
Background Stillbirths bring grief to both mother and family but have been underreported in Camer... more Background Stillbirths bring grief to both mother and family but have been underreported in Cameroon. We aimed at determining the stillbirth rates and associated risk factors in the Buea Regional Hospital (BRH) and the Limbe Regional Hospital (LRH), Cameroon. Materials and methods This was a hospital-based unmatched case-control study in which files of women with stillbirth (cases) were analysed. A woman with a live birth in the same maternity during the same period served as a control. Data were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire. The stillbirth rate was the number of stillbirths per thousand births. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent factors associated with stillbirth. Results Stillbirth rates at the BRH and LRH were 33.72 and 36.45 per 1000 live births. The factors that were independently associated with stillbirth were: referral status (AOR 3.95; 95% CI: 1.85–6.58, p = 0.000), late booking visit - after 12 weeks (AOR 13.64; 95% CI: 1.49–124.83,...
The relationship between smoking in pregnancy and the development of pre-eclampsia has not been w... more The relationship between smoking in pregnancy and the development of pre-eclampsia has not been well studied. Smoking habits were prospectively evaluated in 117 patients with pre-eclampsia and 468 normotensive control pregnancies. Twenty cases (17.1%) and 120 controls (25.6%) reported smoking at any time during pregnancy. In stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis, smoking in pregnancy was a significant protective factor against the occurrence of pre-eclampsia (adjusted odds ratio = 0.50; 95% confidence interval 0.28-0.80, P = 0.018). On the other hand, a history of pre-eclampsia in previous pregnancies, low (&amp;amp;lt; 6th grade) educational level, a body mass index &amp;amp;gt; 24 and maternal blood group AB were factors independently associated with an increased risk of pre-eclampsia. In conclusion, this study confirms that smoking in pregnancy reduces the risk of pre-eclampsia. However, the harmful consequences of smoking on pregnancy outcome far outweigh this risk reduction.
Background: Most of the studies on the prevalence and predisposing factors of perineal tears have... more Background: Most of the studies on the prevalence and predisposing factors of perineal tears have been in developed countries. A few studies have been carried out in developing countries including Cameroon. The aim of this study is two fold: to 1) determine the prevalence and risk factors of perineal tear during vaginal delivery at the Limbe Regional Hospital, and 2) provide baseline data needed in auditing obstetric practice.
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Papers by Thomas Obinchemti O Egbe
A few studies have been carried out in developing countries including Cameroon. The aim of this study is two fold: to
1) determine the prevalence and risk factors of perineal tear during vaginal delivery at the Limbe Regional Hospital, and 2)
provide baseline data needed in auditing obstetric practice.