The Experience of Miners Relocated to Alternative by Diemen Delgado-García
American Journal of Medical Sciences and Medicine, 2019
Silicosis is a lung disease caused by the inhalation of silica dust and the consequent depositing... more Silicosis is a lung disease caused by the inhalation of silica dust and the consequent depositing of this inorganic material in the bronchi, lymph nodes, and/or lung parenchyma, with or without, associated respiratory dysfunction. Silicosis is an irreversible disease. Chest digital radiography is considered as one of the greatest technological advances in imaging systems beneficial in the identification of Silicosis. The diagnostic basis of silicosis is the radiological finding of diffuse lung opacities, associated with the history of inhalation of silica dust or one of its several polymorphs. Occupational history forms a major component in the investigation process along with the finding of diffuse pulmonary nodules. The application of adequate dust control measures in work environments allows workers to prevent or control exposures thus avoiding or limiting the potential for the disease. Among the challenges of how we should address this public health problem, is to raise awareness among key stakeholders engaged in the working environment about the magnitude of the health problem caused by Silicosis.
La neumoconiosis es una enfermedad ocupacional, su
palabra deriva del griego pneuma: aire y kovni... more La neumoconiosis es una enfermedad ocupacional, su
palabra deriva del griego pneuma: aire y kovni: polvo. Se
caracteriza por una marcada fibrosis progresiva del
pulmón. La silicosis es actualmente la más común de las
neumoconiosis, esta enfermedad se detecta mediante
imágenes convencionales del tórax, clasificándose de
acuerdo a su evolución natural.
The objetico the study was to understand the experiences of relocation of workers diagnosed with ... more The objetico the study was to understand the experiences of relocation of workers diagnosed with silico-sis Mining Division Andina, Codelco Chile. Case studies of five workers was conducted. The data analysis was to the theoretical contributions of phenomenology. The analysis of this study was carried out with the operationally Atlas software. Ti version 6.0. Workers recounted in his speech " a waste of your role in your work and skills to know they were sick and would be relocated. " " Keep in mind the risk of lung disease related to their work and are not associated with the use of personal protective equipment even though the company gives them the breathing mask ". It is recommended redistribution must precede avoid changes in their lifestyles that influence aspects of work , family, social , this is all quality of life.
Context: When considered ergonomics as a scientific discipline that
evaluates ergonomic hazards i... more Context: When considered ergonomics as a scientific discipline that
evaluates ergonomic hazards in the working environment, you can
prevent occupational diseases and industrial accidents, helping to
improve working conditions in an organization. Objective: To determine
the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms in workers operating
as a maintenance work Ecuadorian Oil Company. Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 102 male workers, job for
the maintenance of an oil company, situated in a location in the
province of Sucumbíos, in 2013, the age range was between 18 and
49. To collect data for each worker, informed consent was applied: A
Socio-Demographic Questionnaire an Occupational Medical History
and the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire. Results: The highest
prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms are in the group of workers
between 30 and 40 years old, in the anatomical regions: lower back
66 (64,7%), followed by upper back 44 (43,1% ), neck 38 (37,3%) and
shoulder 27 (26,5%) being the most affected stations mechanical
technician and electrician work. Binary logistic regression determined
that the variables are not statistically significant, and thus
alone do not explain the occurrence of musculoskeletal symptoms.
Conclusion: We conclude that there is a high prevalence of musculoskeletal
symptoms in the study population, so it is recommended
that a comprehensive ergonomic evaluation of jobs and then find
mechanisms and strategies for control and prevention of ergonomic
hazards, with the aim minimize the development of musculoskeletal
injuries in the study population.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Comprender las experiencias de la despedida laboral para la jubilación en acadé... more RESUMEN Objetivo: Comprender las experiencias de la despedida laboral para la jubilación en académicos universitarios mexicanos. Material y método: Investigación cualitativa con diseño de estudio de casos descriptivos. Participaron ocho profesores, seleccionados por muestreo teórico no probabilístico por conveniencia. Tres profesores estaban próximos a jubilarse y cinco eran jubilados. Sus edades oscilaron entre 54 y 64 años. La mayoría estaban casados, tenían hijos y nietos. Los datos se recolectaron con entrevistas individuales en profundida. El análisis de los datos se fundamentó en la fenomenología de la percep-ción. Resultados: Se halló heterogeneidad en las experiencias de la despedida laboral. Las experiencias estuvieron centradas en la vivencia corporal en relación con las emociones y los contextos familiares y laborales. Conclusiones: La mayorías de los académicos tuvieron mala salud y autopercepción corporal, emociones y entornos negati-vos. Las mayorías de las mujeres describieron expectativas de vida y salud pobres, y desempeño de roles tradicionales. En los jubilados se halló la creencia de que una vez jubilados mejoraría la salud, pero en la mayoría empeoró. Las decisiones de vida fueron importantes en la despedida laboral. En la institución no existen lineamientos claros y trasparentes sobre los trámites para jubilarse. Los jefes de departamen-to apoyaron solamente a los varones. ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the experiences of the labor farewell for retiring to Mexican university academics. Method: Qualitative research with descriptive case study design. It was attended by eight professors, selected by theoretical sampling non-probability for convenience. Three professors were close to retirement and five teachers were retired. Their ages ranged from 54 to 64 years. Most were married , had children and grandchildren. The data was collected with individual in-depth interviews. The analysis of the data was based on the phenomenology of perception. Results: We found heterogeneity in labor bounce experiences. The experiences were centered in the body experience in relation to emotions and family and work contexts. Conclusions: The majority of academics had poor health, self-perception of body, emotions and negative environments. Majorities of women described life expectancy and health poor and performance of traditional roles. Retirees found the belief that retired once would improve health, but in most it worsened. Life decisions were important in labour bounce. At the institution, there are no clear and transparent guidelines on procedures to retire. The heads of Department supported only to males.
Objective: to analyze the theoretical construction of job satisfaction’s
concept through the adap... more Objective: to analyze the theoretical construction of job satisfaction’s
concept through the adaptation to the job’s perception in
occupational health physicians. Method: it was applied the grounded
theory, using proactive until theoretical saturation theoretical sampling.
The sample was composed of ten physicians dedicated to
occupational health in Mexico city, during the 2014. In-depth interviews
were applied and the data obtained were analyzed with the
software Atlas-ti, giving as a result: codes, which were integrated
into categories, with which the theory was generated. Results: My
reasons for choice, I changed my life, and Opportunities and projects
were the emerging categories with which joined the dimension of
Adaptation to the post, as a basic element of the theoretical construction
of the job satisfaction of occupational health physicians.
Conclusions: Job satisfaction in occupational health physicians is
presented as its adaptation to the job. It did not exist since the beginning
of their working lives in the area, but it was generated as they
learned and changed the attitude towards the work.
In many countries, the work of mining, quarrying, construction of tunnels and galleries, abrasive... more In many countries, the work of mining, quarrying, construction of tunnels and galleries, abrasive jet cleaning and smelting continue to present significant risks of silica exposure and silicosis epidemics still occur, even in developed countries. Patients with silicosis are particularly susceptible to opportunistic lung infections such as aspergillosis and tuberculosis. Occasionally silicosis is associated with scleroderma, systemic lupus erythematosus, nephritis and cancer. Early detection of silicosis is made by chest X-ray method, being the presence of rounded opacities the main sign of illness. However, no systematic information is available that allows use as a standard method of evaluation because their interpretation remains operator dependent both conventional radiological technique, digital and interpretation of computed tomography with high resolution. Resumen En muchos países del mundo, los trabajos de minería, canteras, construcción de túneles y galerías, limpieza por abrasión a chorro y fundición continúan presentando riesgos importantes de exposición al sílice, y siguen produciéndose epidemias de silicosis, incluso en los países desarrollados. Los pacientes con silicosis son particularmente susceptibles a infecciones oportunistas del pulmón como la aspergilosis y la tuberculosis. Ocasionalmente la silicosis se asocia a esclerodermia, lupus eritematoso sistémico, nefritis y cáncer. La detección precoz de la silicosis se realiza mediante el método radiológico de tórax, constituyendo la presencia de opacidades redondas el principal signo de enfermedad. Sin embargo no se dispone de información sistemática que permita utilizarla como método estándar de evaluación debido a que su interpretación sigue siendo operador dependiente tanto en la técnica radiológica convencional, digital y en la interpretación de la tomografía axial computarizada con alta resolución.
Objectives: To understand the personal experiences of mine workers that have experienced job relo... more Objectives: To understand the personal experiences of mine workers that have experienced job relocation due to silicosis at the Andina Division of Corporación Nacional del Cobre (CODELCO), Chile. The purpose of the study was to provide useful information for the development of new local, business and public policies for the care of workers with silicosis. Methods: A qualitative study based on a practical case study of 5 workers. The information was collected by means of structured individual interviews. The method of analysis was phenomenology. Results: The corporal axis was the most commented upon. It included awareness of the illness, body pains, fatigue, and antagonistic mood disorders (sadness, or the difficulty in finding meaning in life). As far as personal relationships, there was evidence of strong relationships with family, coworkers and friends, as well as extended family. Over all, the experience of relocation was positive with periods of impatience and uncertainty. The job reassignment provided a new and pleasant context for the relocated workers and in the process improved their perception of their quality of life. Conclusions: A multidisciplinary team should attend mine workers relocated because of silicosis by addressing the mental and physical aspects of their disease, along with the integral participation of close family members. It is suggested that this investigation be maintain over time to record the personal experiences in the medium-term, adding new cases with the intention of shedding more light on the phenomenon being studied. As a preventive measure, continual workshops are needed on the proper use of respiratory protection in addition, a group of monitors is required.
Silicosis en Chile: Estudio de casos by Diemen Delgado-García
Papers by Diemen Delgado-García
Psicología Educativa, 2014
Las actividades productivas cada vez más sofisticadas generan nuevos y más grandes riesgos a los ... more Las actividades productivas cada vez más sofisticadas generan nuevos y más grandes riesgos a los trabajadores. El mismo desarrollo tecnológico permite controlar muchos de estos riesgos, sin embargo los accidentes y enfermedades del trabajo son una causa importante de morbilidad y mortalidad. Con el propósito aportar al control de los accidentes del trabajo, este estudio analizó las características epidemiológicas de los accidentes ocurridos a los trabajadores propios de la División Andina CODELCO Chile en el período 1999 a 2003. En éste se produjeron 286 accidentes del trabajo generando tasas de accidentabilidad que oscilaron entre 1 y 5 por ciento. Los accidentes predominan en trabajadores con menos años de antigüedad, aquellos que se desempeñan en el laboratorio de metalurgia, operadores de carguío y operadores de perforación. Los accidentes tienden a predominar a fines del invierno, probablemente reflejando las condiciones cambiantes del ambiente de montaña. La parte del cuerpo l...
International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction
Silicosis is a lung disease caused by the inhalation of silica dust and the consequent depositing... more Silicosis is a lung disease caused by the inhalation of silica dust and the consequent depositing of this inorganic material in the bronchi, lymph nodes, and/or lung parenchyma, with or without, associated respiratory dysfunction. Silicosis is an irreversible disease. Chest digital radiography is considered as one of the greatest technological advances in imaging systems beneficial in the identification of Silicosis. The diagnostic basis of silicosis is the radiological finding of diffuse lung opacities, associated with the history of inhalation of silica dust or one of its several polymorphs. Occupational history forms a major component in the investigation process along with the finding of diffuse pulmonary nodules. The application of adequate dust control measures in work environments allows workers to prevent or control exposures thus avoiding or limiting the potential for the disease. Among the challenges of how we should address this public health problem, is to raise awarenes...
Objetivo: Comprender las experiencias de la despedida laboral para la jubilación en académicos un... more Objetivo: Comprender las experiencias de la despedida laboral para la jubilación en académicos universitarios mexicanos. Material y método: Investigación cualitativa con diseño de estudio de casos descriptivos. Participaron ocho profesores, seleccionados por muestreo teórico no probabilístico por conveniencia. Tres profesores estaban próximos a jubilarse y cinco eran jubilados. Sus edades oscilaron entre 54 y 64 años. La mayoría estaban casados, tenían hijos y nietos. Los datos se recolectaron con entrevistas individuales en profundidad. El análisis de los datos se fundamentó en la fenomenología de la percepción. Resultados: Se halló heterogeneidad en las experiencias de la despedida laboral. Las experiencias estuvieron centradas en la vivencia corporal en relación con las emociones y los contextos familiares y laborales. Conclusiones: La mayoría de los académicos tuvieron mala salud y autopercepción corporal, emociones y entornos negativos. Las mayorías de las mujeres describieron expectativas de vida y salud pobres, y desempeño de roles tradicionales. En los jubilados se halló la creencia de que una vez jubilados mejoraría la salud, pero en la mayoría empeoró. Las decisiones de vida fueron importantes en la despedida laboral. En la institución no existen lineamientos claros y trasparentes sobre los trámites para jubilarse. Los jefes de departamento apoyaron solamente a los varones.
Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2021
The health effects of COVID-19 continue to raise doubts today. In some areas, such as mental heal... more The health effects of COVID-19 continue to raise doubts today. In some areas, such as mental health, these doubts have scarcely been addressed. The present study analyses the effects on psychological distress during the first phase of the pandemic in Chile. A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed by using a questionnaire validated in Spain and adapted for Chile. Between 22 April and 16 December 2020, 3227 questionnaires were collected from the 16 regions of Chile, using non-probabilistic snowball sampling. Bivariate analysis and binary logistic regression were performed. The variables that could predict psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile were: having a poor self-perception of health OR = 4.038, 95% CI = (2.831, 5.758); being younger than 29 OR = 2.287, 95% CI = (1.893, 2.762); having diarrhea OR = 2.093, 95% CI = (1.414, 3.098); having headache OR = 2.019, 95% CI = (1.662, 2.453); being a woman OR = 1.638, 95% CI = (1.363, 1.967); having muscle pa...
Revista chilena de enfermedades respiratorias, 2020
Advances in Applied Sociology, 2018
Revista Colombiana de Salud Ocupacional, 2021
La silicosis es una enfermedad pulmonar causada por la inhalación de partículas de sílice, caract... more La silicosis es una enfermedad pulmonar causada por la inhalación de partículas de sílice, caracterizada por inflamación aguda en algunos casos y en otros casos inflamación crónica, que puede ir asociada a fibrosis difusa posterior, que conduce a insuficiencia respiratoria progresiva1. Es una de las enfermedades profesionales más peligrosas y es responsable de unas 10.000 o más muertes nuevas cada año2. Aunque se han aplicado medidas de protección como el control del polvo y los respiradores en un intento por reducir la morbilidad asociada a la silicosis, todavía se producen nuevos brotes donde prevalece la minería y la industria de aglomerados de cuarzo en la remergencia de la silicosis en el mundo, tanto en su fabricación como en su mecanizado e instalación3. Según la dosis acumulada, los pacientes con exposición a la sílice tienen un mayor riesgo independiente de desarrollar cáncer de pulmón, con un riesgo acumulativo adicional entre los fumadores. Se debe considerar el trasplant...
Silicosis is a lung disease caused by the inhalation of silica dust and the consequent depositing... more Silicosis is a lung disease caused by the inhalation of silica dust and the consequent depositing of this inorganic material in the bronchi, lymph nodes, and/or lung parenchyma, with or without, associated respiratory dysfunction. Silicosis is an irreversible disease. Chest digital radiography is considered as one of the greatest technological advances in imaging systems beneficial in the identification of Silicosis. The diagnostic basis of silicosis is the radiological finding of diffuse lung opacities, associated with the history of inhalation of silica dust or one of its several polymorphs. Occupational history forms a major component in the investigation process along with the finding of diffuse pulmonary nodules. The application of adequate dust control measures in work environments allows workers to prevent or control exposures thus avoiding or limiting the potential for the disease. Among the challenges of how we should address this public health problem, is to raise awarenes...
Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo, 2012
Uploads
The Experience of Miners Relocated to Alternative by Diemen Delgado-García
palabra deriva del griego pneuma: aire y kovni: polvo. Se
caracteriza por una marcada fibrosis progresiva del
pulmón. La silicosis es actualmente la más común de las
neumoconiosis, esta enfermedad se detecta mediante
imágenes convencionales del tórax, clasificándose de
acuerdo a su evolución natural.
evaluates ergonomic hazards in the working environment, you can
prevent occupational diseases and industrial accidents, helping to
improve working conditions in an organization. Objective: To determine
the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms in workers operating
as a maintenance work Ecuadorian Oil Company. Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 102 male workers, job for
the maintenance of an oil company, situated in a location in the
province of Sucumbíos, in 2013, the age range was between 18 and
49. To collect data for each worker, informed consent was applied: A
Socio-Demographic Questionnaire an Occupational Medical History
and the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire. Results: The highest
prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms are in the group of workers
between 30 and 40 years old, in the anatomical regions: lower back
66 (64,7%), followed by upper back 44 (43,1% ), neck 38 (37,3%) and
shoulder 27 (26,5%) being the most affected stations mechanical
technician and electrician work. Binary logistic regression determined
that the variables are not statistically significant, and thus
alone do not explain the occurrence of musculoskeletal symptoms.
Conclusion: We conclude that there is a high prevalence of musculoskeletal
symptoms in the study population, so it is recommended
that a comprehensive ergonomic evaluation of jobs and then find
mechanisms and strategies for control and prevention of ergonomic
hazards, with the aim minimize the development of musculoskeletal
injuries in the study population.
concept through the adaptation to the job’s perception in
occupational health physicians. Method: it was applied the grounded
theory, using proactive until theoretical saturation theoretical sampling.
The sample was composed of ten physicians dedicated to
occupational health in Mexico city, during the 2014. In-depth interviews
were applied and the data obtained were analyzed with the
software Atlas-ti, giving as a result: codes, which were integrated
into categories, with which the theory was generated. Results: My
reasons for choice, I changed my life, and Opportunities and projects
were the emerging categories with which joined the dimension of
Adaptation to the post, as a basic element of the theoretical construction
of the job satisfaction of occupational health physicians.
Conclusions: Job satisfaction in occupational health physicians is
presented as its adaptation to the job. It did not exist since the beginning
of their working lives in the area, but it was generated as they
learned and changed the attitude towards the work.
Silicosis en Chile: Estudio de casos by Diemen Delgado-García
Papers by Diemen Delgado-García
palabra deriva del griego pneuma: aire y kovni: polvo. Se
caracteriza por una marcada fibrosis progresiva del
pulmón. La silicosis es actualmente la más común de las
neumoconiosis, esta enfermedad se detecta mediante
imágenes convencionales del tórax, clasificándose de
acuerdo a su evolución natural.
evaluates ergonomic hazards in the working environment, you can
prevent occupational diseases and industrial accidents, helping to
improve working conditions in an organization. Objective: To determine
the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms in workers operating
as a maintenance work Ecuadorian Oil Company. Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 102 male workers, job for
the maintenance of an oil company, situated in a location in the
province of Sucumbíos, in 2013, the age range was between 18 and
49. To collect data for each worker, informed consent was applied: A
Socio-Demographic Questionnaire an Occupational Medical History
and the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire. Results: The highest
prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms are in the group of workers
between 30 and 40 years old, in the anatomical regions: lower back
66 (64,7%), followed by upper back 44 (43,1% ), neck 38 (37,3%) and
shoulder 27 (26,5%) being the most affected stations mechanical
technician and electrician work. Binary logistic regression determined
that the variables are not statistically significant, and thus
alone do not explain the occurrence of musculoskeletal symptoms.
Conclusion: We conclude that there is a high prevalence of musculoskeletal
symptoms in the study population, so it is recommended
that a comprehensive ergonomic evaluation of jobs and then find
mechanisms and strategies for control and prevention of ergonomic
hazards, with the aim minimize the development of musculoskeletal
injuries in the study population.
concept through the adaptation to the job’s perception in
occupational health physicians. Method: it was applied the grounded
theory, using proactive until theoretical saturation theoretical sampling.
The sample was composed of ten physicians dedicated to
occupational health in Mexico city, during the 2014. In-depth interviews
were applied and the data obtained were analyzed with the
software Atlas-ti, giving as a result: codes, which were integrated
into categories, with which the theory was generated. Results: My
reasons for choice, I changed my life, and Opportunities and projects
were the emerging categories with which joined the dimension of
Adaptation to the post, as a basic element of the theoretical construction
of the job satisfaction of occupational health physicians.
Conclusions: Job satisfaction in occupational health physicians is
presented as its adaptation to the job. It did not exist since the beginning
of their working lives in the area, but it was generated as they
learned and changed the attitude towards the work.