Professor Haroldo Ferreita is Full Professor at the Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL). He has a Post-Doctorate in Epidemiology and is a CNPq Research Productivity Fellow. He currently holds a position on the Board of the Associação Alagoana de Nutrição and is in the presidency of the Scientific Committee of the Brazilian Congress of Nutrition, which will take place in October 2022 in Maceió. He advises students at master's and doctoral levels in two UFAL programs. He is Associate Editor of Revista de Nutrição and reviewer of several international journals. He is a member of the NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC) Group, an international network of healthcare scientists that provides rigorous data on key risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases. He works predominantly in population-based epidemiological surveys.
Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, 2008
Existem poucos estudos sobre as alterações da função hepática em camundongos com esquistossomose ... more Existem poucos estudos sobre as alterações da função hepática em camundongos com esquistossomose associada à desnutrição. Neste trabalho, os animais foram divididos em quatro grupos, de acordo com as dietas (normal ou hipoprotéica) e infectados ou não pelo Schistosoma mansoni. Todos os grupos desenvolveram-se menos que o grupo controle (p<0,0001). A mortalidade nos animais foi devida à infecção. Níveis altos de aminotransferases nos animais nutridos e infectados sugerem um processo inflamatório intenso (p<0,0001). Todos os grupos apresentaram elevação da fosfatase alcalina. Houve aumento da aspartato transferase e da fosfatase alcalina em animais nutridos infectados. As dietas modificaram os níveis de albumina (p>0,001), e das proteínas séricas. Os grupos, comparados ao controle, mostraram baixos níveis de glicose (p<0,001). Este estudo verificou que ambas, infecção e/ou desnutrição, interferiram nos níveis dos indicadores bioquímicos, mas as alterações mais importantes ...
Journal of health, population, and nutrition, 2015
Millions of children live in Brazil’s semi-arid region, one of the most socially-deprived areas o... more Millions of children live in Brazil’s semi-arid region, one of the most socially-deprived areas of the country, where undernutrition co-exists with obesity as a consequence of the nutrition transition. There is evidence that childhood obesity predisposes adult obesity and, thus, that obesity should be prevented as early as possible. Some studies have shown that breastfeeding is a protective factor against overweight and obesity while other studies have not found this association. There have been few studies on this association in developing countries and of children below two years of age. The present study aimed to investigate whether children exposed to exclusive breastfeeding for ≥6 months showed a lower prevalence of overweight in the second year of life, based on a probability sample of 2,209 children (aged 12 to 24 months). The dependent variable was overweight, defined as weight-for-length z-scores of >2, based on the WHO 2006 standard while the independent variable was exclusive breastfeeding (≥6 months). The prevalence ratio (PR) and its 95% CI were estimated using Poisson regression with robust adjustment of variance. After adjusting for potential confounding factors (socioeconomic, demographic and health-related variables), children on exclusive breastfeeding for ≥6 months showed a lower prevalence of overweight (5.7% vs 9.1%, PR 0.62, 95% CI 0.45-0.89). It was found that exclusive breastfeeding for six months or more is a protective factor against overweight in children in the second year of life living in the Brazilian semi-arid region.
Resumo Objetivou-se identificar todos os artigos já publicados sobre a multimistura (MM) em revis... more Resumo Objetivou-se identificar todos os artigos já publicados sobre a multimistura (MM) em revistas de maior rigor científico e avaliar a eficácia desse produto como suplemento alimentar. A metodologia baseou-se na busca on line nas bases do Medline e do Scielo, sem limite de data, utilizando- se o descritor “multimistura”. Foram identificados e analisados 31 artigos. Em virtude da pequena porção que é preconizada para consumo diário, a MM não pode ser considerada uma fonte
importante de energia, proteínas e minerais, embora os possua em quantidades relevantes. Sua elevada proporção de magnésio e/ou de cálcio pode prejudicar a absorção de ferro. Seu uso eleva o teor de fibras da dieta, o que pode reduzir a absorção de nutrientes, o que não é interessante no caso de criança desnutrida. Sua elevada quantidade de fitatos não parece ser problema, pois o tratamento prévio pelo qual passam os farelos reduz bastante o poder quelante desse composto. A possibilidade de intoxicação pelo cianeto oriundo da folha de mandioca não é descartada. Quanto à capacidade da MM em promover o estado nutricional, 12 dentre 15 estudos concluíram pela sua ineficácia. Considerando riscos e benefícios e as evidências disponíveis na literatura, não se justifica a utilização da MM como estratégia de prevenção e controle da desnutrição.
Annals of Tropical Medicine And Parasitology, 1999
The most important data on the relationships between nutritional status and schistosomiasis manso... more The most important data on the relationships between nutritional status and schistosomiasis mansoni are reviewed. The probable impact of such findings on the traditional strategies for control of the disease are discussed. In endemic areas, malnutrition and schistosomiasis seem to be associated. Malnutrition impairs the biological development of the parasite. However, like the parasite, it also depresses the host&#39;s immune system, and malnutrition and infection can be mutually aggravating. Recent schistosomiasis-control activities, although apparently well designed, have frequently seemed ineffective because of the multiplicity of factors involved, and have not offered a realistic promise of sustainable and definitive control. However, these actions must be continued and even encouraged because they do lead to reductions in the prevalence of infection and, of particular importance, to reductions in the incidence of the more severe forms of the disease. Improvement of the nutritional status of those who inhabit endemic areas, particularly those on low incomes (who are at relatively high risk of malnutrition and of schistosomiasis), is recommended as a supplementary measure.
The study aimed to assess trends in the prevalence of anemia in Children from quilombos (maroon c... more The study aimed to assess trends in the prevalence of anemia in Children from quilombos (maroon communities) in Alagoas State, Brazil. This was a descriptive study comparing the results of two household surveys (2008; n = 950 and 2018; n = 426), involving a sample of children from 6 to 59 months of age. Anemia was diagnosed as he¬moglobin < 110g/L (HemoCue). Prevalence rates between the two surveys were described by per¬centage and by prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI), calculated by Poisson regression. Prevalence rates for anemia in 2008 and 2018 were 53% (95%CI: 49.8-56.1) and 38% (95%CI: 33.4-42.6), respectively, or a decrease of 28.3% (RP = 0.72; 95%CI: 0.63-0.82). Children 6 to 24 months of age had higher anemia rates than those 25 to 59 months of age, both in 2008 (72% vs. 44%) and in 2018 (54.8% vs. 28.3%). There was a reduction in prevalence in both age brack¬ets (23.9% and 35.7%, respectively). This sharper decline in older children meant that younger chil¬dren had nearly double the prevalence rate com¬pared to older children (PR = 1.94; 95%CI: 1.53- 2.46). In conclusion, there was a major decline in prevalence of anemia during the period studied, but anemia persisted as a relevant public health problem, especially in children 6 to 24 months of age. The children in the sample are exposed to harsh social vulnerabilities, evidencing that health promotion for this population requires more than actions in the public health sphere itself. Health¬care workers and administrators should be alert to the data presented here, aimed at implementation of measures to confront the social and health in¬iquities that contribute to greater vulnerability in this ethnic-racial group.
Background: Undernutrition in early life (UELife) is a condition associated with greater occurren... more Background: Undernutrition in early life (UELife) is a condition associated with greater occurrence of chronic diseases in adulthood. Some studies on this relationship have used short stature as indicator of UELife. However, other non-nutritional factors can also determine short stature. Depending on the severity of UELife, the human body reacts primarily compromising weight and length gain, but prioritizing brain growth, resulting in disproportionate individuals. Based on this premise, this study aimed to validate a new anthropometric indicator of UELife. Design: Using stature and head circumference data from a probabilistic sample of 3,109 women, the Head-to-Height Index was calculated: HHI = (head × 2.898)/height. A HHI >1.028 (75th percentile) was the best cutoff for predicting obesity (best balance between sensitivity/ specificity, largest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, and highest correlation coefficient) and was used to define the condition of body disproportionality. The strength of associations with several outcomes was tested for both disproportionality and short stature (height ≤25th percentile: 153.1 cm). Results: In adjusted analysis for confounding factors (age, smoking, and education level), the strength of the associations between body disproportionality and the analyzed outcomes was greater than that observed when short stature was used. Respectively, the observed prevalence ratios (95% CI) were (P<0.05 for all comparisons): obesity
Objective: To study the food pattern of stunted and nonstunted, obese and nonobese individuals in... more Objective: To study the food pattern of stunted and nonstunted, obese and nonobese individuals in a very-low-income population. Design: A household survey. Setting: Slum set up by the 'Homeless Movement', city of Maceió (Alagoas), Brazil. Subjects and methods: A total of 532 adults classified by sex, stature (Zr and Z 4 À2s.d. of the NCHS curves), and body mass index (BMI) were compared using the following variables: waist circumference, waist-hip circumference ratio (W/H), percentage body fat (skinfold thickness and bioelectrical impedance), and food intake (24-h recall). Results: The prevalence of stunting was 22.6%. In all, 30% of the stunted subjects were overweight or obese, compared with 23% for the nonstunted individuals (Po0.05). In women, logistic regression analysis showed a strong association among weight, abdominal fat, and stunting (r ¼ 0.81). No significant differences were observed in the values of W/H or in the qualitative menu of the different categories. Energy intake was below the RDA figures (about 63%). There was similarity among the groups regarding the proportion of macronutrients, except for the fact that stunted obese women ingested less fat and protein than nonstunted obese women. Stunted obese individuals consumed less energy (5962 kJ) than the population as a whole (6213 kJ), an amount far lower than their average needs, which were calculated on the basis of their shorter stature (8109 kJ). Conclusion: The observed energy consumption seems compatible with the panorama of undernutrition present in the population, but it does not explain the high prevalence of obesity detected.
Analisou-se a validade da utilização da fita "CIMDER de 3 cores" pelos agentes de saúde do Estado... more Analisou-se a validade da utilização da fita "CIMDER de 3 cores" pelos agentes de saúde do Estado de Rondônia, Brasil, como instrumento de detecção de risco nutricional entre crianças menores de 5 anos, para fins de encaminhamento para controle em unidades de maior complexidade que o posto de saúde. De uma amostra composta por 1.268 crianças, compararam-se os resultados da classificação nutricional obtida pela fita e da resultante da classificação de Gomez. A aplicação dos testes de validação resultou nos seguintes valores: sensibilidade = 77,1 %; especificidade = 68,8%; valor prPolonoroeste) editivo positivo = 59,0%; valor preditivo negativo = 83,7%; taxa de falsos positivos = 31,2%; taxa de falsos negativos = 22,9. Excetuando a taxa de falsos positivos, os demais resultados foram considerados suficientemente satisfatórios para que se recomende o uso da fita CIMDER como instrumento de triagem pelos agentes de saúde de Rondônia. Outros indicadores mais específicos deverão ser adotados em nível das unidades de saúde de maior complexidade para reduzir o número de falsos positivos nos programas de assistência dirigidos aos desnutridos.
Patients residing in endemic areas for schistosomiasis in Brazil are usually undernourished and w... more Patients residing in endemic areas for schistosomiasis in Brazil are usually undernourished and when they develop the hepatosplenic clinical form of the disease should usually receive hospital care, many of them being in need of nutritional rehabilitation before specific treatment can be undertaken. In the mouse model, investigations carried out in our laboratory detected a reduced aminoacid uptake in undernourished animals which is aggravated by a superimposed infection with Schistosoma mansoni. However, in well-nourished infected mice no dysfunction occurs. In this study, we tried to improve the absorptive intestinal performance of undernourished mice infected with S. mansoni by feeding them with hydrolysed casein instead of whole casein. The values obtained for the coefficient of protein intestinal absorption (cpia) among well-nourished mice were above 90% (either hydrolysed or whole protein). In undernourished infected mice, however, the cpia improved significantly after feeding them with hydrolysed casein, animals reaching values close to those obtained in wellnourished infected mice.
OBJETIVO: estimar a prevalência e os fatores de risco associados à anemia na população de pré-esc... more OBJETIVO: estimar a prevalência e os fatores de risco associados à anemia na população de pré-escolares do Estado de Alagoas, Brasil. MÉTODOS: estudo transversal com amostra probabilística de 666 crianças de 6 a 60 meses de idade. Por meio de inquérito domiciliar, realizado de novembro de 2005 a fevereiro de 2006, coletaram-se dados antropométricos, ambientais, demográficos, socioeconômicos, de saúde, de utilização de serviços públicos e a presença de morbidades. A concentração de hemoglobina (Hb) foi mensurada em fotômetro HemoCue®, considerando-se como anemia o nível <11 g/dL. Para identificar correlações usou-se o teste de Pearson. O teste X2 foi usado para analisar associações entre variáveis categóricas. A associação da anemia com as variáveis preditoras foi verificada por meio de análise de regressão logística múltipla. Adotou-se p<0,05 como nível crítico para definir significância estatística. RESULTADOS: a prevalência de anemia foi de 45,0%. O nível de Hb se correlacionou de forma positiva e significativa à idade (r=0,44; p<0,01). A prevalência máxima ocorreu na faixa etária de 6 a 12 meses (75,2%). A análise multivariada identificou as seguintes variáveis associadas à anemia: idade da criança <36 meses (p<0,001) e domicílio com cinco ou mais pessoas (p=0,031). CONCLUSÕES: a prevalência de anemia apresentou magnitude que a caracteriza como grave problema de saúde pública em Alagoas. As famílias mais numerosas e com crianças menores de três anos são aquelas que devem receber maior nível de atenção.
Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, 2008
Existem poucos estudos sobre as alterações da função hepática em camundongos com esquistossomose ... more Existem poucos estudos sobre as alterações da função hepática em camundongos com esquistossomose associada à desnutrição. Neste trabalho, os animais foram divididos em quatro grupos, de acordo com as dietas (normal ou hipoprotéica) e infectados ou não pelo Schistosoma mansoni. Todos os grupos desenvolveram-se menos que o grupo controle (p<0,0001). A mortalidade nos animais foi devida à infecção. Níveis altos de aminotransferases nos animais nutridos e infectados sugerem um processo inflamatório intenso (p<0,0001). Todos os grupos apresentaram elevação da fosfatase alcalina. Houve aumento da aspartato transferase e da fosfatase alcalina em animais nutridos infectados. As dietas modificaram os níveis de albumina (p>0,001), e das proteínas séricas. Os grupos, comparados ao controle, mostraram baixos níveis de glicose (p<0,001). Este estudo verificou que ambas, infecção e/ou desnutrição, interferiram nos níveis dos indicadores bioquímicos, mas as alterações mais importantes ...
Journal of health, population, and nutrition, 2015
Millions of children live in Brazil’s semi-arid region, one of the most socially-deprived areas o... more Millions of children live in Brazil’s semi-arid region, one of the most socially-deprived areas of the country, where undernutrition co-exists with obesity as a consequence of the nutrition transition. There is evidence that childhood obesity predisposes adult obesity and, thus, that obesity should be prevented as early as possible. Some studies have shown that breastfeeding is a protective factor against overweight and obesity while other studies have not found this association. There have been few studies on this association in developing countries and of children below two years of age. The present study aimed to investigate whether children exposed to exclusive breastfeeding for ≥6 months showed a lower prevalence of overweight in the second year of life, based on a probability sample of 2,209 children (aged 12 to 24 months). The dependent variable was overweight, defined as weight-for-length z-scores of >2, based on the WHO 2006 standard while the independent variable was exclusive breastfeeding (≥6 months). The prevalence ratio (PR) and its 95% CI were estimated using Poisson regression with robust adjustment of variance. After adjusting for potential confounding factors (socioeconomic, demographic and health-related variables), children on exclusive breastfeeding for ≥6 months showed a lower prevalence of overweight (5.7% vs 9.1%, PR 0.62, 95% CI 0.45-0.89). It was found that exclusive breastfeeding for six months or more is a protective factor against overweight in children in the second year of life living in the Brazilian semi-arid region.
Resumo Objetivou-se identificar todos os artigos já publicados sobre a multimistura (MM) em revis... more Resumo Objetivou-se identificar todos os artigos já publicados sobre a multimistura (MM) em revistas de maior rigor científico e avaliar a eficácia desse produto como suplemento alimentar. A metodologia baseou-se na busca on line nas bases do Medline e do Scielo, sem limite de data, utilizando- se o descritor “multimistura”. Foram identificados e analisados 31 artigos. Em virtude da pequena porção que é preconizada para consumo diário, a MM não pode ser considerada uma fonte
importante de energia, proteínas e minerais, embora os possua em quantidades relevantes. Sua elevada proporção de magnésio e/ou de cálcio pode prejudicar a absorção de ferro. Seu uso eleva o teor de fibras da dieta, o que pode reduzir a absorção de nutrientes, o que não é interessante no caso de criança desnutrida. Sua elevada quantidade de fitatos não parece ser problema, pois o tratamento prévio pelo qual passam os farelos reduz bastante o poder quelante desse composto. A possibilidade de intoxicação pelo cianeto oriundo da folha de mandioca não é descartada. Quanto à capacidade da MM em promover o estado nutricional, 12 dentre 15 estudos concluíram pela sua ineficácia. Considerando riscos e benefícios e as evidências disponíveis na literatura, não se justifica a utilização da MM como estratégia de prevenção e controle da desnutrição.
Annals of Tropical Medicine And Parasitology, 1999
The most important data on the relationships between nutritional status and schistosomiasis manso... more The most important data on the relationships between nutritional status and schistosomiasis mansoni are reviewed. The probable impact of such findings on the traditional strategies for control of the disease are discussed. In endemic areas, malnutrition and schistosomiasis seem to be associated. Malnutrition impairs the biological development of the parasite. However, like the parasite, it also depresses the host&#39;s immune system, and malnutrition and infection can be mutually aggravating. Recent schistosomiasis-control activities, although apparently well designed, have frequently seemed ineffective because of the multiplicity of factors involved, and have not offered a realistic promise of sustainable and definitive control. However, these actions must be continued and even encouraged because they do lead to reductions in the prevalence of infection and, of particular importance, to reductions in the incidence of the more severe forms of the disease. Improvement of the nutritional status of those who inhabit endemic areas, particularly those on low incomes (who are at relatively high risk of malnutrition and of schistosomiasis), is recommended as a supplementary measure.
The study aimed to assess trends in the prevalence of anemia in Children from quilombos (maroon c... more The study aimed to assess trends in the prevalence of anemia in Children from quilombos (maroon communities) in Alagoas State, Brazil. This was a descriptive study comparing the results of two household surveys (2008; n = 950 and 2018; n = 426), involving a sample of children from 6 to 59 months of age. Anemia was diagnosed as he¬moglobin < 110g/L (HemoCue). Prevalence rates between the two surveys were described by per¬centage and by prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI), calculated by Poisson regression. Prevalence rates for anemia in 2008 and 2018 were 53% (95%CI: 49.8-56.1) and 38% (95%CI: 33.4-42.6), respectively, or a decrease of 28.3% (RP = 0.72; 95%CI: 0.63-0.82). Children 6 to 24 months of age had higher anemia rates than those 25 to 59 months of age, both in 2008 (72% vs. 44%) and in 2018 (54.8% vs. 28.3%). There was a reduction in prevalence in both age brack¬ets (23.9% and 35.7%, respectively). This sharper decline in older children meant that younger chil¬dren had nearly double the prevalence rate com¬pared to older children (PR = 1.94; 95%CI: 1.53- 2.46). In conclusion, there was a major decline in prevalence of anemia during the period studied, but anemia persisted as a relevant public health problem, especially in children 6 to 24 months of age. The children in the sample are exposed to harsh social vulnerabilities, evidencing that health promotion for this population requires more than actions in the public health sphere itself. Health¬care workers and administrators should be alert to the data presented here, aimed at implementation of measures to confront the social and health in¬iquities that contribute to greater vulnerability in this ethnic-racial group.
Background: Undernutrition in early life (UELife) is a condition associated with greater occurren... more Background: Undernutrition in early life (UELife) is a condition associated with greater occurrence of chronic diseases in adulthood. Some studies on this relationship have used short stature as indicator of UELife. However, other non-nutritional factors can also determine short stature. Depending on the severity of UELife, the human body reacts primarily compromising weight and length gain, but prioritizing brain growth, resulting in disproportionate individuals. Based on this premise, this study aimed to validate a new anthropometric indicator of UELife. Design: Using stature and head circumference data from a probabilistic sample of 3,109 women, the Head-to-Height Index was calculated: HHI = (head × 2.898)/height. A HHI >1.028 (75th percentile) was the best cutoff for predicting obesity (best balance between sensitivity/ specificity, largest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, and highest correlation coefficient) and was used to define the condition of body disproportionality. The strength of associations with several outcomes was tested for both disproportionality and short stature (height ≤25th percentile: 153.1 cm). Results: In adjusted analysis for confounding factors (age, smoking, and education level), the strength of the associations between body disproportionality and the analyzed outcomes was greater than that observed when short stature was used. Respectively, the observed prevalence ratios (95% CI) were (P<0.05 for all comparisons): obesity
Objective: To study the food pattern of stunted and nonstunted, obese and nonobese individuals in... more Objective: To study the food pattern of stunted and nonstunted, obese and nonobese individuals in a very-low-income population. Design: A household survey. Setting: Slum set up by the 'Homeless Movement', city of Maceió (Alagoas), Brazil. Subjects and methods: A total of 532 adults classified by sex, stature (Zr and Z 4 À2s.d. of the NCHS curves), and body mass index (BMI) were compared using the following variables: waist circumference, waist-hip circumference ratio (W/H), percentage body fat (skinfold thickness and bioelectrical impedance), and food intake (24-h recall). Results: The prevalence of stunting was 22.6%. In all, 30% of the stunted subjects were overweight or obese, compared with 23% for the nonstunted individuals (Po0.05). In women, logistic regression analysis showed a strong association among weight, abdominal fat, and stunting (r ¼ 0.81). No significant differences were observed in the values of W/H or in the qualitative menu of the different categories. Energy intake was below the RDA figures (about 63%). There was similarity among the groups regarding the proportion of macronutrients, except for the fact that stunted obese women ingested less fat and protein than nonstunted obese women. Stunted obese individuals consumed less energy (5962 kJ) than the population as a whole (6213 kJ), an amount far lower than their average needs, which were calculated on the basis of their shorter stature (8109 kJ). Conclusion: The observed energy consumption seems compatible with the panorama of undernutrition present in the population, but it does not explain the high prevalence of obesity detected.
Analisou-se a validade da utilização da fita "CIMDER de 3 cores" pelos agentes de saúde do Estado... more Analisou-se a validade da utilização da fita "CIMDER de 3 cores" pelos agentes de saúde do Estado de Rondônia, Brasil, como instrumento de detecção de risco nutricional entre crianças menores de 5 anos, para fins de encaminhamento para controle em unidades de maior complexidade que o posto de saúde. De uma amostra composta por 1.268 crianças, compararam-se os resultados da classificação nutricional obtida pela fita e da resultante da classificação de Gomez. A aplicação dos testes de validação resultou nos seguintes valores: sensibilidade = 77,1 %; especificidade = 68,8%; valor prPolonoroeste) editivo positivo = 59,0%; valor preditivo negativo = 83,7%; taxa de falsos positivos = 31,2%; taxa de falsos negativos = 22,9. Excetuando a taxa de falsos positivos, os demais resultados foram considerados suficientemente satisfatórios para que se recomende o uso da fita CIMDER como instrumento de triagem pelos agentes de saúde de Rondônia. Outros indicadores mais específicos deverão ser adotados em nível das unidades de saúde de maior complexidade para reduzir o número de falsos positivos nos programas de assistência dirigidos aos desnutridos.
Patients residing in endemic areas for schistosomiasis in Brazil are usually undernourished and w... more Patients residing in endemic areas for schistosomiasis in Brazil are usually undernourished and when they develop the hepatosplenic clinical form of the disease should usually receive hospital care, many of them being in need of nutritional rehabilitation before specific treatment can be undertaken. In the mouse model, investigations carried out in our laboratory detected a reduced aminoacid uptake in undernourished animals which is aggravated by a superimposed infection with Schistosoma mansoni. However, in well-nourished infected mice no dysfunction occurs. In this study, we tried to improve the absorptive intestinal performance of undernourished mice infected with S. mansoni by feeding them with hydrolysed casein instead of whole casein. The values obtained for the coefficient of protein intestinal absorption (cpia) among well-nourished mice were above 90% (either hydrolysed or whole protein). In undernourished infected mice, however, the cpia improved significantly after feeding them with hydrolysed casein, animals reaching values close to those obtained in wellnourished infected mice.
OBJETIVO: estimar a prevalência e os fatores de risco associados à anemia na população de pré-esc... more OBJETIVO: estimar a prevalência e os fatores de risco associados à anemia na população de pré-escolares do Estado de Alagoas, Brasil. MÉTODOS: estudo transversal com amostra probabilística de 666 crianças de 6 a 60 meses de idade. Por meio de inquérito domiciliar, realizado de novembro de 2005 a fevereiro de 2006, coletaram-se dados antropométricos, ambientais, demográficos, socioeconômicos, de saúde, de utilização de serviços públicos e a presença de morbidades. A concentração de hemoglobina (Hb) foi mensurada em fotômetro HemoCue®, considerando-se como anemia o nível <11 g/dL. Para identificar correlações usou-se o teste de Pearson. O teste X2 foi usado para analisar associações entre variáveis categóricas. A associação da anemia com as variáveis preditoras foi verificada por meio de análise de regressão logística múltipla. Adotou-se p<0,05 como nível crítico para definir significância estatística. RESULTADOS: a prevalência de anemia foi de 45,0%. O nível de Hb se correlacionou de forma positiva e significativa à idade (r=0,44; p<0,01). A prevalência máxima ocorreu na faixa etária de 6 a 12 meses (75,2%). A análise multivariada identificou as seguintes variáveis associadas à anemia: idade da criança <36 meses (p<0,001) e domicílio com cinco ou mais pessoas (p=0,031). CONCLUSÕES: a prevalência de anemia apresentou magnitude que a caracteriza como grave problema de saúde pública em Alagoas. As famílias mais numerosas e com crianças menores de três anos são aquelas que devem receber maior nível de atenção.
Redação de Trabalhos Acadêmicos nas Áreas das Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, 2012
Normas e recomendações para uso de Citação, sistema de chamada e referências no âmbito da redação... more Normas e recomendações para uso de Citação, sistema de chamada e referências no âmbito da redação científica
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Papers by Haroldo Da Silva Ferreira
importante de energia, proteínas e minerais, embora os possua em quantidades relevantes. Sua elevada proporção de magnésio e/ou de cálcio pode prejudicar a absorção de ferro. Seu uso eleva o teor de fibras da dieta, o que pode reduzir a absorção de nutrientes, o que não é interessante no caso de criança desnutrida. Sua elevada quantidade de fitatos não parece ser problema, pois o tratamento prévio pelo qual passam os farelos reduz bastante o poder quelante desse composto. A possibilidade de intoxicação pelo cianeto oriundo da folha de mandioca não é descartada. Quanto à capacidade da MM em promover o estado nutricional, 12 dentre 15 estudos concluíram pela sua ineficácia. Considerando riscos e benefícios e as evidências disponíveis na literatura, não se justifica a utilização da MM como estratégia de prevenção e controle da desnutrição.
importante de energia, proteínas e minerais, embora os possua em quantidades relevantes. Sua elevada proporção de magnésio e/ou de cálcio pode prejudicar a absorção de ferro. Seu uso eleva o teor de fibras da dieta, o que pode reduzir a absorção de nutrientes, o que não é interessante no caso de criança desnutrida. Sua elevada quantidade de fitatos não parece ser problema, pois o tratamento prévio pelo qual passam os farelos reduz bastante o poder quelante desse composto. A possibilidade de intoxicação pelo cianeto oriundo da folha de mandioca não é descartada. Quanto à capacidade da MM em promover o estado nutricional, 12 dentre 15 estudos concluíram pela sua ineficácia. Considerando riscos e benefícios e as evidências disponíveis na literatura, não se justifica a utilização da MM como estratégia de prevenção e controle da desnutrição.