Ramegowda Goravale

in-order to identify suitable ajwain genotype for Eastern dry zone of Karnataka. The experiment was laid out in randomised complete block design and Fisher's method of data analysis was used. Evident differences among ajwain genotypes in days to first flowering, 50 % flowering, days to maturity, number of umbels per plant, number of umbellet and seeds per umbel, seed yield per plant, per plot and per hectare, harvest index and test weight confirms the presence of variability among them. The genotype AA-93 registered minimum number of days to first flower appearance (53.00 days), days to 50 per cent flowering (65.00 days) and days for umbel formation (78.67 days). The maximum and minimum number of umbels per plant was registered in the genotype GA-1 (207.20) and Lam Sel-1 (99.33), respectively. The number of umbellet per umbel was maximum in the genotype AA-1 (20.00), and minimum in Lam Sel-1 (11.33). The genotype AA-93 registered minimum days to seed maturity (136.67 days). The genotype GA-1 exhibited maximum number of seeds per umbel (415.73) and was minimum in Lam Sel-1 (177.33). The maximum and minimum seed yield per hectare was recorded in the genotype GA-1 (13.37 q/ha) and Lam Sel-1 (4.06 q/ha), respectively. Maximum test weight was recorded in the genotype DAC-6 (1.15 g per 1000 seeds). From the experiment it is evident that, the genotype GA-1 performed well under Eastern dry zone of Karnataka compared to other genotypes.

India is one of the 13 “biotech mega-countries” in the world, growing Bt cotton commercially since 2002 (http://www.isaaa.org/). Bollgard® hybrids were approved for commercial release in 2002, followed by Bollgard II® hybrids in 2006; these were followed by Bt cotton hybrids with two other events. In this chapter, we discuss insect pests in cotton and insecticide resistance in major cotton