More than 30 years working in Malaysian public sectors as a teacher, an officer, lecturer and professor. Now it's time to leave the public sector for other endeavor. Whatever it takes, learning continues. Supervisors: Mahfooz Alam Ansari, Zainal Ariffin Ahmad, and Howard H. Frederick Phone: 60124568647 Address: UiTM Perlis Campus
02600 Arau, Perlis
Malaysia
Resumo Este estudo examina a extensão do efeito direto da tensão relacionada ao trabalho e da sob... more Resumo Este estudo examina a extensão do efeito direto da tensão relacionada ao trabalho e da sobrecarga de papéis no esforço de trabalho. Além disso, verificou-se o papel mediador da alienação do trabalho nas relações entre tensão relacionada ao trabalho, sobrecarga de papéis e esforço de trabalho. O estudo utiliza 367 acadêmicos que trabalham na Universidade El-Azhar, uma instituição de ensino superior no Egito. As hipóteses foram verificadas utilizando técnica de regressão múltipla direta e mediada, sugerindo que as cinco relações diretas e duas mediadas foram substanciadas. Os resultados demonstraram que, para aumentar o esforço de trabalho na universidade, a alienação do trabalho, a tensão relacionada com o trabalho e a sobrecarga de funções devem ser removidas ou reduzidas. Posteriormente, a alienação de trabalho apresenta efeito intervencionista na tensão relacionada ao trabalho e na sobrecarga de papéis e nas relações de esforço de trabalho. Palavaras-chave: ensino superior, acadêmico, esforço de trabalho, sobrecarga de papéis, tensões relacionadas ao trabalho, alienação do trabalho, Egito. Abstract This study examines the extent of direct effect of job-related tension and role overload on work effort. In addition, the mediating role of work alienation in the relationships between job-related tension, role overload and work effort were ascertained. The study utilizes 367 academicians working in El-Azhar University, a higher education institution in Egypt. 269 Hypotheses were verified using direct and mediated multiple regression technique suggesting all five direct and two mediated relationship substantiated. The results proved that in order to enhance work effort in the university, work alienation, job-related tension and role overload are required to be removed or reduced. Subsequently, work alienation poses intervening effect in job related tension and role overload and work effort relationships.
... Segala pujian bagi Allah SWT dan Selawat dan Salam ke atas junjungan besar Nabi Muhammad SAW.... more ... Segala pujian bagi Allah SWT dan Selawat dan Salam ke atas junjungan besar Nabi Muhammad SAW. ... Tidak ketinggalan kepada Datin Maziah Onn yang menyediakan draf awal soal selidik, jurutaip Puan Jarain, Puan Noramilia dan Puan Russhaina yang menaip soal selidik ...
... The Entrepreneurial Orientation of Malaysian SMEs and its Relation to Organization Structure,... more ... The Entrepreneurial Orientation of Malaysian SMEs and its Relation to Organization Structure, Environment and Strategy Making Process: A Case Study of SMEs in Northern Malaysia. Post a Comment. CONTRIBUTORS: Author: Amran Awang. Author: Zainal Ariffin Ahmad. ...
s This study focuses on the intervention of attitude towards entrepreneurship, participation in e... more s This study focuses on the intervention of attitude towards entrepreneurship, participation in entrepre-neurial education, perceived behavioral control (PBC) and subjective norm on the relationship between students' grade and individual entrepreneurial orientation (EO) in influencing students' entre-preneurial intention (EI). The paper verifies theory of planned behavior (TPB) explaining a public university students in Malaysia. Empirical evidence was derived from a quantitative approach based on a cross sectional study among 202 students. Hypothesis testing utilizes multiple regression analysis verifing the direct and mediated relationships. The study suggests that students grade, individual EO comprises of proactive personality and risk taking propensity were proven important in explaining attitude towards entrepreneurship, participation in entrepreneurship education, PBC and subjective norm. On the other hand, individual EO, PBC and subjective norm directly explained EI. Subsequently , PBC and subjective norm proved as significant mediators in individual EO and EI relationships. The results shall aid the university management in formulating their curriculum and programs that fit students' priorities in shaping their future undertaking as an entrepreneur. Malaysian public policy regarding higher education should consider some mindset reformation required in higher learning institutions' entrepreneurship curriculum in the country. Annual budget for higher learning institu-tions' entrepreneurship programs shall be allocated accordingly after considering the results of the study.
The relationship between entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and firm performance is among the best-... more The relationship between entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and firm performance is among the best-researched topics in entrepreneurship research. These studies have been conducted in various national contexts. While a first meta-analysis by Rauch et al. finds no significant difference between EO’s effects based on the continent in which the firm is based, the present study considers how national cultural and macroeconomic drivers impact the EO–performance relationship. Building upon 177 studies with data from 41 countries, the meta-analysis consolidates this literature stream, contributing to the evidence-based entrepreneurship research.
Semangat berniaga adalah salah satu pendorong yang sangat berkuasa di kalangan manusia! Revolusi ... more Semangat berniaga adalah salah satu pendorong yang sangat berkuasa di kalangan manusia! Revolusi keusahawanan telah menawan imaginasi kita di dekad yang lalu telah menerobos ke dalam setiap aspek pemikiran perniagaan dan perancangan sosial. Terdapat usahawan sosial, usahawan kerajaan, usahawan sukan, usahawan musik, malah usahawan tentera. Penggunaan kreativiti, mengambil risiko, inovasi, dan keghairahan telah mencetuskan kejayaan di dalam semua bentuk.
Institutional support and recognition led to less happier and committed academicians. Previous em... more Institutional support and recognition led to less happier and committed academicians. Previous empirical findings justified that intentions to leave an organization has been due to issues in commitment and job performance. The study observes 130 academicians in five Malaysian public higher learning institutions in a cross-sectional data collection collected through an online survey portal of surveymonkey.com. The results showed impact of academic development and organizational climate induced stronger organizational
commitment and consequently reduced turnover intention. On the other hand, academic development and academic tasks and organizational happiness promoted higher organizational commitment and subsequently enhance job performance. Finally, limitations of the study, implication to theory, practice and future studies are suggested.
The study examines input-process-output model of strategic entrepreneurship among the Malaysian S... more The study examines input-process-output model of strategic entrepreneurship among the Malaysian SMEs
entrepreneurs. The study justified resource inputs (environment, organizational and individual) are important
resources for firms’ output. The study examines 46 entrepreneurs in the community in cross-sectional analysis.
The results indicate that the model uphold the resource-based view (RBV) theory that environmental,
organizational and individual resources determine better SMEs’ economic performance in Malaysia. Research
limitations, common method bias and future studies are also discussed.
Entrepreneurship has been an important phenomenon for the century. Beginning in the 17th century ... more Entrepreneurship has been an important phenomenon for the century. Beginning in the 17th century the word sparked significant studies and continuous efforts in establishing the knowledge into a specific school of thought in all corners of the world. From small time traders to public policy to universities the word ‘E’ has been given specific attention. Entrepreneurship in Malaysia observes some growth structure evidenced in her Malaysia Plan since her independence in 1957. About 50 years of development in various sectors have witnessed in entrepreneurs’ awakening to a great extent. However, the entrepreneurship development has not been in the focus of the governance. Entrepreneurship development seems ignored and neglected when only after mid of 80s some efforts were realized and evidenced in her education in entrepreneurship started to take some shapes. The efforts start taking the boost in her new education entrepreneurship curriculum plans in early 90s.
Purpose- This study focuses on the factors influencing students’ choice of selecting entrepreneur... more Purpose- This study focuses on the factors influencing students’ choice of selecting entrepreneurship as their career after graduation. The paper aims to gain more understanding of how personality traits, entrepreneurship knowledge-experience and current economic environment affect entrepreneurial career among polytechnic students in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach- A theoretical framework based on a literature review is developed. Empirical results were derived from a quantitative approach based on survey method and a cross sectional study. Hypothesis testing were executed where multiple regression analysis utilized to verify the direct relationship between independent variables and dependent variables. Findings- Personality traits and favorable economic environment were proven important in explaining students intention to choose entrepreneurial career as their career choice after they graduated from study. Research Implications- The results shall aid polytechnics management in formulating their curriculum and programs that fit students’ priorities that they shall choose their future undertaking as an entrepreneur. Malaysian public policy regarding higher education should consider some changes required in higher learning institutions in the country. Annual budget and higher learning institutions entrepreneurship programs shall be revised accordingly after considering the results of the study. Originality/value- Entrepreneurial intention inquiries in Malaysian institutions have been very limited and an established framework need more serious efforts. This study contributes to entrepreneurial intention body of knowledge.
Asian Social Science; Vol. 10, No. 4; 2014 ISSN 1911-2017 E-ISSN 1911-2025 , Jan 26, 2014
The study examines the socioeconomic impact of Myanmar’s Malay Muslim immigrant (MMMI) in Langkaw... more The study examines the socioeconomic impact of Myanmar’s Malay Muslim immigrant (MMMI) in Langkawi
on the issues of socioeconomic and environmental perspectives. The study investigates the extent of impact due
to the presence of immigrants in wage competitiveness in the local jobs, distraction of small sea fishing activities
and the impact of the environment of the immigrant’s dwelling area. The study establishes indicator on the
national’s economic vision towards innovation and automation of the construction and plantation industry
advances. The aim of the research is to study what is the perception of the community towards the existence of
the MMMI. The study uses multiple regression analysis to support the proposed hypothesis. The findings
ascertained to some extent regarding issues in wage competitiveness. The immigrants were found to contribute
to environmental nuisance to the surrounding area. Consequently, the analysis justified respondents had showed
agreement on the issue that the immigrants are threatening local community’s well beings.
Resumo Este estudo examina a extensão do efeito direto da tensão relacionada ao trabalho e da sob... more Resumo Este estudo examina a extensão do efeito direto da tensão relacionada ao trabalho e da sobrecarga de papéis no esforço de trabalho. Além disso, verificou-se o papel mediador da alienação do trabalho nas relações entre tensão relacionada ao trabalho, sobrecarga de papéis e esforço de trabalho. O estudo utiliza 367 acadêmicos que trabalham na Universidade El-Azhar, uma instituição de ensino superior no Egito. As hipóteses foram verificadas utilizando técnica de regressão múltipla direta e mediada, sugerindo que as cinco relações diretas e duas mediadas foram substanciadas. Os resultados demonstraram que, para aumentar o esforço de trabalho na universidade, a alienação do trabalho, a tensão relacionada com o trabalho e a sobrecarga de funções devem ser removidas ou reduzidas. Posteriormente, a alienação de trabalho apresenta efeito intervencionista na tensão relacionada ao trabalho e na sobrecarga de papéis e nas relações de esforço de trabalho. Palavaras-chave: ensino superior, acadêmico, esforço de trabalho, sobrecarga de papéis, tensões relacionadas ao trabalho, alienação do trabalho, Egito. Abstract This study examines the extent of direct effect of job-related tension and role overload on work effort. In addition, the mediating role of work alienation in the relationships between job-related tension, role overload and work effort were ascertained. The study utilizes 367 academicians working in El-Azhar University, a higher education institution in Egypt. 269 Hypotheses were verified using direct and mediated multiple regression technique suggesting all five direct and two mediated relationship substantiated. The results proved that in order to enhance work effort in the university, work alienation, job-related tension and role overload are required to be removed or reduced. Subsequently, work alienation poses intervening effect in job related tension and role overload and work effort relationships.
... Segala pujian bagi Allah SWT dan Selawat dan Salam ke atas junjungan besar Nabi Muhammad SAW.... more ... Segala pujian bagi Allah SWT dan Selawat dan Salam ke atas junjungan besar Nabi Muhammad SAW. ... Tidak ketinggalan kepada Datin Maziah Onn yang menyediakan draf awal soal selidik, jurutaip Puan Jarain, Puan Noramilia dan Puan Russhaina yang menaip soal selidik ...
... The Entrepreneurial Orientation of Malaysian SMEs and its Relation to Organization Structure,... more ... The Entrepreneurial Orientation of Malaysian SMEs and its Relation to Organization Structure, Environment and Strategy Making Process: A Case Study of SMEs in Northern Malaysia. Post a Comment. CONTRIBUTORS: Author: Amran Awang. Author: Zainal Ariffin Ahmad. ...
s This study focuses on the intervention of attitude towards entrepreneurship, participation in e... more s This study focuses on the intervention of attitude towards entrepreneurship, participation in entrepre-neurial education, perceived behavioral control (PBC) and subjective norm on the relationship between students' grade and individual entrepreneurial orientation (EO) in influencing students' entre-preneurial intention (EI). The paper verifies theory of planned behavior (TPB) explaining a public university students in Malaysia. Empirical evidence was derived from a quantitative approach based on a cross sectional study among 202 students. Hypothesis testing utilizes multiple regression analysis verifing the direct and mediated relationships. The study suggests that students grade, individual EO comprises of proactive personality and risk taking propensity were proven important in explaining attitude towards entrepreneurship, participation in entrepreneurship education, PBC and subjective norm. On the other hand, individual EO, PBC and subjective norm directly explained EI. Subsequently , PBC and subjective norm proved as significant mediators in individual EO and EI relationships. The results shall aid the university management in formulating their curriculum and programs that fit students' priorities in shaping their future undertaking as an entrepreneur. Malaysian public policy regarding higher education should consider some mindset reformation required in higher learning institutions' entrepreneurship curriculum in the country. Annual budget for higher learning institu-tions' entrepreneurship programs shall be allocated accordingly after considering the results of the study.
The relationship between entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and firm performance is among the best-... more The relationship between entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and firm performance is among the best-researched topics in entrepreneurship research. These studies have been conducted in various national contexts. While a first meta-analysis by Rauch et al. finds no significant difference between EO’s effects based on the continent in which the firm is based, the present study considers how national cultural and macroeconomic drivers impact the EO–performance relationship. Building upon 177 studies with data from 41 countries, the meta-analysis consolidates this literature stream, contributing to the evidence-based entrepreneurship research.
Semangat berniaga adalah salah satu pendorong yang sangat berkuasa di kalangan manusia! Revolusi ... more Semangat berniaga adalah salah satu pendorong yang sangat berkuasa di kalangan manusia! Revolusi keusahawanan telah menawan imaginasi kita di dekad yang lalu telah menerobos ke dalam setiap aspek pemikiran perniagaan dan perancangan sosial. Terdapat usahawan sosial, usahawan kerajaan, usahawan sukan, usahawan musik, malah usahawan tentera. Penggunaan kreativiti, mengambil risiko, inovasi, dan keghairahan telah mencetuskan kejayaan di dalam semua bentuk.
Institutional support and recognition led to less happier and committed academicians. Previous em... more Institutional support and recognition led to less happier and committed academicians. Previous empirical findings justified that intentions to leave an organization has been due to issues in commitment and job performance. The study observes 130 academicians in five Malaysian public higher learning institutions in a cross-sectional data collection collected through an online survey portal of surveymonkey.com. The results showed impact of academic development and organizational climate induced stronger organizational
commitment and consequently reduced turnover intention. On the other hand, academic development and academic tasks and organizational happiness promoted higher organizational commitment and subsequently enhance job performance. Finally, limitations of the study, implication to theory, practice and future studies are suggested.
The study examines input-process-output model of strategic entrepreneurship among the Malaysian S... more The study examines input-process-output model of strategic entrepreneurship among the Malaysian SMEs
entrepreneurs. The study justified resource inputs (environment, organizational and individual) are important
resources for firms’ output. The study examines 46 entrepreneurs in the community in cross-sectional analysis.
The results indicate that the model uphold the resource-based view (RBV) theory that environmental,
organizational and individual resources determine better SMEs’ economic performance in Malaysia. Research
limitations, common method bias and future studies are also discussed.
Entrepreneurship has been an important phenomenon for the century. Beginning in the 17th century ... more Entrepreneurship has been an important phenomenon for the century. Beginning in the 17th century the word sparked significant studies and continuous efforts in establishing the knowledge into a specific school of thought in all corners of the world. From small time traders to public policy to universities the word ‘E’ has been given specific attention. Entrepreneurship in Malaysia observes some growth structure evidenced in her Malaysia Plan since her independence in 1957. About 50 years of development in various sectors have witnessed in entrepreneurs’ awakening to a great extent. However, the entrepreneurship development has not been in the focus of the governance. Entrepreneurship development seems ignored and neglected when only after mid of 80s some efforts were realized and evidenced in her education in entrepreneurship started to take some shapes. The efforts start taking the boost in her new education entrepreneurship curriculum plans in early 90s.
Purpose- This study focuses on the factors influencing students’ choice of selecting entrepreneur... more Purpose- This study focuses on the factors influencing students’ choice of selecting entrepreneurship as their career after graduation. The paper aims to gain more understanding of how personality traits, entrepreneurship knowledge-experience and current economic environment affect entrepreneurial career among polytechnic students in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach- A theoretical framework based on a literature review is developed. Empirical results were derived from a quantitative approach based on survey method and a cross sectional study. Hypothesis testing were executed where multiple regression analysis utilized to verify the direct relationship between independent variables and dependent variables. Findings- Personality traits and favorable economic environment were proven important in explaining students intention to choose entrepreneurial career as their career choice after they graduated from study. Research Implications- The results shall aid polytechnics management in formulating their curriculum and programs that fit students’ priorities that they shall choose their future undertaking as an entrepreneur. Malaysian public policy regarding higher education should consider some changes required in higher learning institutions in the country. Annual budget and higher learning institutions entrepreneurship programs shall be revised accordingly after considering the results of the study. Originality/value- Entrepreneurial intention inquiries in Malaysian institutions have been very limited and an established framework need more serious efforts. This study contributes to entrepreneurial intention body of knowledge.
Asian Social Science; Vol. 10, No. 4; 2014 ISSN 1911-2017 E-ISSN 1911-2025 , Jan 26, 2014
The study examines the socioeconomic impact of Myanmar’s Malay Muslim immigrant (MMMI) in Langkaw... more The study examines the socioeconomic impact of Myanmar’s Malay Muslim immigrant (MMMI) in Langkawi
on the issues of socioeconomic and environmental perspectives. The study investigates the extent of impact due
to the presence of immigrants in wage competitiveness in the local jobs, distraction of small sea fishing activities
and the impact of the environment of the immigrant’s dwelling area. The study establishes indicator on the
national’s economic vision towards innovation and automation of the construction and plantation industry
advances. The aim of the research is to study what is the perception of the community towards the existence of
the MMMI. The study uses multiple regression analysis to support the proposed hypothesis. The findings
ascertained to some extent regarding issues in wage competitiveness. The immigrants were found to contribute
to environmental nuisance to the surrounding area. Consequently, the analysis justified respondents had showed
agreement on the issue that the immigrants are threatening local community’s well beings.
Pembangunan modal insan kini merupakan agenda utama negara ke arah merealisasikan Wawasan 2020 ne... more Pembangunan modal insan kini merupakan agenda utama negara ke arah merealisasikan Wawasan 2020 negara kita Malaysia. Wadah yang tinggal 10 tahun lagi kini mencabar kita untuk mencongak hitung kesampaiannya. Mungkin dengan Pelan Tindakan Pembangunan Usahawan MADA 2006-2015 mampu menyediakan tempat untuk lonjakan tersebut.
Financial information mediated innovativeness and return on sales (ROS) relationship proved in a ... more Financial information mediated innovativeness and return on sales (ROS) relationship proved in a study among small and medium agro-based enterprises (SMAEs) in a state in Northern Peninsular Malaysia. The study conducted among sample of 125 SMAEs in the state of Kedah, an agro-based state in Northern Peninsular Malaysia. Mediating effect of eight dimensions distinctive capabilities (DC) on four dimensions entrepreneurial orientation (EO) ROS relation observed in a two-stage regression analysis that lend partial support to the hypothesis. Direct relationship between EO and DC proved all four EO dimensions explained five DC dimensions. Subsequently, only each one of DC and EO dimension significantly predicted ROS due to two control variables have more explanation in predicting ROS. Seven-point Likert scales of 29 EO and 52 DC items went through separate factor analysis verifying validity of the construct respectively. The factor analysis loaded with 18 items in four factors of EO and 28 items with eight factors of DC. EO and DC found as distinct variables but correlated. The dependent variables derived from objective response in SMAEs’ total sales average between year 2000 and 2003. ROS computed using financial ratios’ formula by dividing the total sales average by net profit. EO and DC of SMAEs in Malaysia share some resemblances of EO and DC characteristics in many parts of the world. The study provides Malaysian SMAEs with some basic foundation to capitalize on strengths and readjust weaknesses to compete in global competitive landscape.
Small and medium agro-based
enterprises (SMAEs) in Malaysia is progressing
parallel with the de... more Small and medium agro-based
enterprises (SMAEs) in Malaysia is progressing
parallel with the developed nations’ direction in
2020. The progress in this sector could be
enhanced with the support of strategic
entrepreneurship variables. Entrepreneurial
orientation, knowledge, business network,
technology, strategy and perceived environmental
factors showed significant impact on growth,
efficiency and effectiveness of the SMAEs. A total
of 615 observations were collected from owner or
manager of multi sectoral SMAEs. The study
substantiated specific EO patterns among SMAEs
between regional growth corridors (RGCs) on the
peninsular. EO among SMAEs in Malaysia shows
some forms of strategic entrepreneurship.
Knowledge, network and EO were important
determinants for SMAEs’ growth, efficiency and
effectiveness. Moreover, social network showed
significant intervening effect for higher SMAEs
effectiveness when EO was used. Presence of
technology, strategy and perceived environment
justified higher SMAEs’ growth, efficiency and
effectiveness when knowledge, network and EO
were utilized.
This research is part of a larger investigation on factors influencing entrepreneurial intention.... more This research is part of a larger investigation on factors influencing entrepreneurial intention. This research study examines the relationship between personality factors and contextual factors as a means of identifying predictors of entrepreneurial intention among Malaysian University Students. The sample consisted of 123 participants, drawn from undergraduate students enrolled in courses in a branch of Higher Learning Institutions in Malaysia. The finding provides evidences that Malaysian students’ belief in the self-efficacy, proactive personality and needs for achievement capability to reinstate their entrepreneurial intention. The finding also point outs the role of family support should not be abandoned in fostering the emergence of entrepreneurs. For this reason, we conclude that entrepreneurship curriculum in Malaysian Universities should instigate those capabilities as part of the syllabus.
109 iada apa yang lebih sukar untuk dilakukan, lebih merbahaya untuk dibimbing daripada mengetuai... more 109 iada apa yang lebih sukar untuk dilakukan, lebih merbahaya untuk dibimbing daripada mengetuai di dalam memperkenalkan orde baru sesuatu perkara, sebab inovasi sentiasa mempunyai musuh dari kalangan mereka yang melakukan yang terbaik di dalam keadaan lama dan pembela kepada yang melakukan terbaik dalam keadaan baru.
Keusahawanan tidak perlu dipertikaikan lagi tentang kepentingannya terhadap kemanusiaan. Ia merup... more Keusahawanan tidak perlu dipertikaikan lagi tentang kepentingannya terhadap kemanusiaan. Ia merupakan punca kepada pertumbuhan ekonomi, pembaharuan sosial dan pembangunan personal. Subjek yang penting ini sangat
sesuai untuk diselidiki dengan mendalam, dijadikan tauladan yang penting dan dijadikan bahan perbahasan secara berterusan. Apabila satu subjek – apa-apa subjek – yang mempunyai kepentingan yang mendalam seperti keusahawanan, saya percaya ia berupaya menjadi asas kepada pendidikan yang hebat.
Prof. Kevin Hindle, Australian Graduate School of Entrepreneurship, Melbourne
Awang, A. (2006). Oreintasi Keusahawanan Firma dan Prestasi Perusahaan Kecil dan Sederhana (PKS): Kajian Kesan Penyederhana Persekitaran yang Ditanggap. Tesis Doktor Falsafah yang Tidak Diterbitkan. Universiti Sains Malaysia., Dec 1, 2006
This study aims to verify direct relationship between entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and perfor... more This study aims to verify direct relationship between entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and performance and the interaction of the perceived environment as third variable on EO-performance relation. The study was conducted on 210 firms among Bumiputera small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in three states of northern Peninsular Malaysia, namely Penang, Kedah and Perlis. Using factor analysis and varimax rotation, each component was loaded with three items that has value of factor loadings more than .40. Factor analysis identified four factors of EO as independent variable namely, autonomy, innovativeness, proactiveness and risk taking dimensions. Perceived environmental factors consisted of five dimensions of munificence, turbulence, competition, market dynamism, and restrictiveness were identified as moderators. Three dependent variables identified as return on sales (ROS) return on assets (ROA) and return on capital (ROC) were used in the study. Four control variables of sole proprietorship, partnership, private limited company and small-sized firm were dummy coded to ascertain their influence in performance. EO dimensions are multidimensional where each of the four dimensions is a separate component. Each of the components consists of three items. Hypothesis testing utilized four steps hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Significant model shown in F-value and positive beta coefficient shows the acceptance of direct relation and interaction effect. Two control variables directly affected ROS were observed in the first step of the analysis. The second step of the analysis found direct relation of three EO dimensions related to higher performance. In the third step, all perceived environmental factors were found to directly related with performance. The fourth step detected interaction effect where significant model and beta coefficients were tested further with post-hoc probing by curve analysis on 2x2 graphs. Perceived environmental factors were found to moderate the relationship between EO and performance.
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Papers by Dr. Amran Awang
Abstract
This study examines the extent of direct effect of job-related tension and role overload on work effort. In addition, the mediating role of work alienation in the relationships between job-related tension, role overload and work effort were ascertained. The study utilizes 367 academicians working in El-Azhar University, a higher education institution in Egypt. 269 Hypotheses were verified using direct and mediated multiple regression technique suggesting all five direct and two mediated relationship substantiated. The results proved that in order to enhance work effort in the university, work alienation, job-related tension and role overload are required to be removed or reduced. Subsequently, work alienation poses intervening effect in job related tension and role overload and work effort relationships.
commitment and consequently reduced turnover intention. On the other hand, academic development and academic tasks and organizational happiness promoted higher organizational commitment and subsequently enhance job performance. Finally, limitations of the study, implication to theory, practice and future studies are suggested.
entrepreneurs. The study justified resource inputs (environment, organizational and individual) are important
resources for firms’ output. The study examines 46 entrepreneurs in the community in cross-sectional analysis.
The results indicate that the model uphold the resource-based view (RBV) theory that environmental,
organizational and individual resources determine better SMEs’ economic performance in Malaysia. Research
limitations, common method bias and future studies are also discussed.
Entrepreneurship in Malaysia observes some growth structure evidenced in her Malaysia Plan since her independence in 1957. About 50 years of development in various sectors have witnessed in entrepreneurs’ awakening to a great extent. However, the entrepreneurship development has not been in the focus of the governance.
Entrepreneurship development seems ignored and neglected when only after mid of 80s some efforts were realized and evidenced in her education in entrepreneurship started to take some shapes. The efforts start taking the boost in her new education entrepreneurship curriculum plans in early 90s.
entrepreneurship knowledge-experience and current economic environment affect entrepreneurial career among polytechnic students in Malaysia.
Design/methodology/approach- A theoretical framework based on a literature review is developed. Empirical results were derived from a quantitative approach based on survey method and a cross sectional
study. Hypothesis testing were executed where multiple regression analysis utilized to verify the direct relationship between independent variables and dependent variables.
Findings- Personality traits and favorable economic environment were proven important in explaining students intention to choose entrepreneurial career as their career choice after they graduated from
study.
Research Implications- The results shall aid polytechnics management in formulating their curriculum and programs that fit students’ priorities that they shall choose their future undertaking as an entrepreneur. Malaysian public policy regarding higher education should consider some changes required in higher learning institutions in the country. Annual budget and higher learning institutions entrepreneurship programs shall be revised accordingly after considering the results of the study.
Originality/value- Entrepreneurial intention inquiries in Malaysian institutions have been very limited and an established framework need more serious efforts. This study contributes to entrepreneurial
intention body of knowledge.
on the issues of socioeconomic and environmental perspectives. The study investigates the extent of impact due
to the presence of immigrants in wage competitiveness in the local jobs, distraction of small sea fishing activities
and the impact of the environment of the immigrant’s dwelling area. The study establishes indicator on the
national’s economic vision towards innovation and automation of the construction and plantation industry
advances. The aim of the research is to study what is the perception of the community towards the existence of
the MMMI. The study uses multiple regression analysis to support the proposed hypothesis. The findings
ascertained to some extent regarding issues in wage competitiveness. The immigrants were found to contribute
to environmental nuisance to the surrounding area. Consequently, the analysis justified respondents had showed
agreement on the issue that the immigrants are threatening local community’s well beings.
Abstract
This study examines the extent of direct effect of job-related tension and role overload on work effort. In addition, the mediating role of work alienation in the relationships between job-related tension, role overload and work effort were ascertained. The study utilizes 367 academicians working in El-Azhar University, a higher education institution in Egypt. 269 Hypotheses were verified using direct and mediated multiple regression technique suggesting all five direct and two mediated relationship substantiated. The results proved that in order to enhance work effort in the university, work alienation, job-related tension and role overload are required to be removed or reduced. Subsequently, work alienation poses intervening effect in job related tension and role overload and work effort relationships.
commitment and consequently reduced turnover intention. On the other hand, academic development and academic tasks and organizational happiness promoted higher organizational commitment and subsequently enhance job performance. Finally, limitations of the study, implication to theory, practice and future studies are suggested.
entrepreneurs. The study justified resource inputs (environment, organizational and individual) are important
resources for firms’ output. The study examines 46 entrepreneurs in the community in cross-sectional analysis.
The results indicate that the model uphold the resource-based view (RBV) theory that environmental,
organizational and individual resources determine better SMEs’ economic performance in Malaysia. Research
limitations, common method bias and future studies are also discussed.
Entrepreneurship in Malaysia observes some growth structure evidenced in her Malaysia Plan since her independence in 1957. About 50 years of development in various sectors have witnessed in entrepreneurs’ awakening to a great extent. However, the entrepreneurship development has not been in the focus of the governance.
Entrepreneurship development seems ignored and neglected when only after mid of 80s some efforts were realized and evidenced in her education in entrepreneurship started to take some shapes. The efforts start taking the boost in her new education entrepreneurship curriculum plans in early 90s.
entrepreneurship knowledge-experience and current economic environment affect entrepreneurial career among polytechnic students in Malaysia.
Design/methodology/approach- A theoretical framework based on a literature review is developed. Empirical results were derived from a quantitative approach based on survey method and a cross sectional
study. Hypothesis testing were executed where multiple regression analysis utilized to verify the direct relationship between independent variables and dependent variables.
Findings- Personality traits and favorable economic environment were proven important in explaining students intention to choose entrepreneurial career as their career choice after they graduated from
study.
Research Implications- The results shall aid polytechnics management in formulating their curriculum and programs that fit students’ priorities that they shall choose their future undertaking as an entrepreneur. Malaysian public policy regarding higher education should consider some changes required in higher learning institutions in the country. Annual budget and higher learning institutions entrepreneurship programs shall be revised accordingly after considering the results of the study.
Originality/value- Entrepreneurial intention inquiries in Malaysian institutions have been very limited and an established framework need more serious efforts. This study contributes to entrepreneurial
intention body of knowledge.
on the issues of socioeconomic and environmental perspectives. The study investigates the extent of impact due
to the presence of immigrants in wage competitiveness in the local jobs, distraction of small sea fishing activities
and the impact of the environment of the immigrant’s dwelling area. The study establishes indicator on the
national’s economic vision towards innovation and automation of the construction and plantation industry
advances. The aim of the research is to study what is the perception of the community towards the existence of
the MMMI. The study uses multiple regression analysis to support the proposed hypothesis. The findings
ascertained to some extent regarding issues in wage competitiveness. The immigrants were found to contribute
to environmental nuisance to the surrounding area. Consequently, the analysis justified respondents had showed
agreement on the issue that the immigrants are threatening local community’s well beings.
enterprises (SMAEs) in Malaysia is progressing
parallel with the developed nations’ direction in
2020. The progress in this sector could be
enhanced with the support of strategic
entrepreneurship variables. Entrepreneurial
orientation, knowledge, business network,
technology, strategy and perceived environmental
factors showed significant impact on growth,
efficiency and effectiveness of the SMAEs. A total
of 615 observations were collected from owner or
manager of multi sectoral SMAEs. The study
substantiated specific EO patterns among SMAEs
between regional growth corridors (RGCs) on the
peninsular. EO among SMAEs in Malaysia shows
some forms of strategic entrepreneurship.
Knowledge, network and EO were important
determinants for SMAEs’ growth, efficiency and
effectiveness. Moreover, social network showed
significant intervening effect for higher SMAEs
effectiveness when EO was used. Presence of
technology, strategy and perceived environment
justified higher SMAEs’ growth, efficiency and
effectiveness when knowledge, network and EO
were utilized.
sesuai untuk diselidiki dengan mendalam, dijadikan tauladan yang penting dan dijadikan bahan perbahasan secara berterusan. Apabila satu subjek – apa-apa subjek – yang mempunyai kepentingan yang mendalam seperti keusahawanan, saya percaya ia berupaya menjadi asas kepada pendidikan yang hebat.
Prof. Kevin Hindle, Australian Graduate School of Entrepreneurship, Melbourne