I am a PhD student of medical ethics and history of medicine at Uludag University School of Medicine in Bursa, Turkey. I have a Master's degree in Medical Ethics and Medical History at the same university. My master thesis title "An analysis of the limits of duty to care from a medical ethics perspective". Currently my PhD thesis is on big data and personal health data. Address: Turkey
Artificial intelligence in medical education: a cross-sectional needs assessment, 2022
Background: As the information age wanes, enabling the prevalence of the artificial intelligence ... more Background: As the information age wanes, enabling the prevalence of the artificial intelligence age; expectations, responsibilities, and job definitions need to be redefined for those who provide services in healthcare. This study examined the perceptions of future physicians on the possible influences of artificial intelligence on medicine, and to determine the needs that might be helpful for curriculum restructuring. Methods: A cross-sectional multi-centre study was conducted among medical students country-wide, where 3018 medical students participated. The instrument of the study was an online survey that was designed and distributed via a web-based service. Results: Most of the medical students perceived artificial intelligence as an assistive technology that could facilitate physicians' access to information (85.8%) and patients to healthcare (76.7%), and reduce errors (70.5%). However, half of the participants were worried about the possible reduction in the services of physicians, which could lead to unemployment (44.9%). Furthermore, it was agreed that using artificial intelligence in medicine could devalue the medical profession (58.6%), damage trust (45.5%), and negatively affect patient-physician relationships (42.7%). Moreover, nearly half of the participants affirmed that they could protect their professional confidentiality when using artificial intelligence applications (44.7%); whereas, 16.1% argued that artificial intelligence in medicine might cause violations of professional confidentiality. Of all the participants, only 6.0% stated that they were competent enough to inform patients about the features and risks of artificial intelligence. They further expressed that their educational gaps regarding their need for "knowledge and skills related to artificial intelligence applications" (96.2%), "applications for reducing medical errors" (95.8%), and "training to prevent and solve ethical problems that might arise as a result of using artificial intelligence applications" (93.8%). Conclusions: The participants expressed a need for an update on the medical curriculum, according to necessities in transforming healthcare driven by artificial intelligence. The update should revolve around equipping future physicians with the knowledge and skills to effectively use artificial intelligence applications and ensure that professional values and rights are protected.
GİRİŞ Kişisel kullanımdan, tarım için kullanıma, elektrik üretiminden ticari faaliyetlere bireyle... more GİRİŞ Kişisel kullanımdan, tarım için kullanıma, elektrik üretiminden ticari faaliyetlere bireylerin ve toplumun tüm etkinlikleri ve varlığı, suya bağlıdır. Buna karşılık, dünyadaki su miktarının yaklaşık olarak 1,4 milyar km 3 civarında olduğu ve yeryüzünün %75'nin okyanuslar tarafından kaplanmış olsa da sadece %2,5'inin tatlı sudan oluştuğu bildirilmektedir (1). Güvenli, kolay erişilebilir ve temiz suyun kullanımı ise halk sağlığı açısından ayrı bir öneme sahiptir. Birleşmiş Milletler'in suya dair raporlarında belirtildiği üzere herkesin 'güvenli suya erişim hakkı' bulunmaktadır ve bu hak şu özellikleri taşımaktadır (2): • Yeterli ve sürekli; içme, çamaşır yıkama, yiyecek hazırlama, kişisel ve ev hijyeni olmak üzere suya erişimin yeterli ve sürekli olması gerekir. Suyun yeterli olabilmesi için DSÖ bir kişinin günlük ihtiyacı olan suyu 50 ile 100 litre olacak şekilde bildirmektedir. • Güvenli; mikroorganizmalardan, kimyasal maddelerden ve bir kişinin sağlığına tehdit oluşturan radyolojik tehlikelerden arınmış olmasını ifade eder. • Kabul edilebilir; içme veya kullanım suyu olarak herkesin kabul edebileceği renk, koku ve tatta olması gerekir. • Fiziksel olarak erişilebilir; herkesin evde, iş yerinde, eğitim ve sağlık kurumunda veya hemen yakınında fiziksel olarak erişilebilir temiz bir su kaynağından hizmet alabiliyor olmalıdır. • Uygun fiyatlı; su, su tesis ve hizmetlerinin herkes için uygun fiyatlı olması gerektiği bildirilmektedir. Birleşmiş Milletler Kalkınma Programı'na (UNDP) göre su maliyeti, hane halkı gelirinin yüzde 3'ünü geçmemelidir. Güvenli suya erişim hakkına karşılık Birleşmiş Milletler, DSÖ ve UNICEF gibi kuruluşların su ve sağlık konulu raporlarında günümüzde 2.1 milyar insanın güvenli bir şekilde yönetilen su hizmetlerine erişim hakkının olmadığı, 4.5 milyar insanın da güvenli temizlik hizmetlerinden yoksun olduğu belirtilmektedir (3,4,5). Yanı sıra Birleşmiş Milletler'in raporuna göre kötü hijyen koşulları ya da güvenli olmayan içme suyuna bağlı olarak her yıl beş yaş altında 340.000'den fazla çocuk yaşamını yitirmektedir (5). Yirmibirinci yüzyılda su ile ilgili sorunlar; nüfus artışına bağlı su ihtiyacının artması, çevre kirliliğinin artması, kalitesinin korunmaması, su yönetimine ilişkin sorunlar, su kaynaklarının etkin kullanımı için finansman ihtiyacı ve günümüzde su ücretlerinin giderek artması gibi pek çok başlıkta tartışılmaktadır. Bir araştırma raporunda temiz içme suyuna erişim sorununun, su kaynaklarının eksikliğinden çok suya erişimi kısıtlayan * Bu çalışma, 10-11 Haziran 2019 tarihleri arasında İstanbul'da düzenlenen "Uluslararası Tarih ve Kültür Penceresinden Su ve Sağlık İlişkisi Sempozyumu" kongresinde M. Murat Civaner ile birlikte sözlü bildiri olarak sunulmuştur; diğer yazar makaleye yeterince katkı koyamayacağı gerekçesiyle kendi isteğiyle yazarlıktan çekilmiştir. a Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tıp Tarihi ve Etik AD, Bursa filizbulut.
Modern medicine is losing its humanistic essence: " Patients no more, but diseases " is the new m... more Modern medicine is losing its humanistic essence: " Patients no more, but diseases " is the new motto now.
Abstract: For medicine, which is as old as history of humanity, the virtue of helping has always been a priority. However, the way medicine see diseases and human being changed from time to time, and the treatment approaches were shaped accordingly. Ancient Greek's Knidos and Kos Schools of Medicine reflecting one of the earliest schools of systematic medical education show us two distinct perspectives. School of Kos carries the characteristics of Hippocratic medicine and reach a diagnosis not considering the disease symptoms but through the disease itself, and the prognosis of the patient is taken into consideration as well. The disease and the patient are handled with a holistic view without focusing on an organ and the treatment is planned accordingly, while the School of Knidos focuses mainly on the disease not to the patient and reach a clinical diagnosis based on the specifications presented from the symptoms. Today's modern medicine mentality has significant similarities with the School of Knidos approach. This model ignores the cases specific to the patient while diagnosing and applying treatment methods. The physicians who get more specialised every day are becoming implementers of an alienated medicine in contrast to Hippocrates's " There is no disease, but the patient " aphorism. Nowadays, with the rapidly developing technology and ever-growing accumulation of knowledge, it is possible to say that we moved away from the “humanistic” medicine concept. In addition, in today’s medicine, embedding the bu- siness concepts into medicine and commercialization of medicine have significant effects on this phenomenon. The establishment and assessment of the relationship of patient-physician on the basis of ‘customer satisfaction’ is changing physicians’ opinions on their profession and patients, which leads to a worrisome transformation such as moving away from traditional medical virtues. In this process, respect and trust for the physician are shaken and patients tend to look for various alternative methods for their health problems. In view of this wor- risome development, returning to the ‘humanistic medicine’ seems vital for social existence of medicine, rights related health and professional values, instead of today’s modern medicine which ignores the holistic approach to complicated nature of human being, and prioritizes business world concepts, such as cost-effectiveness, profit, productivity and competition.
Artificial intelligence in medical education: a cross-sectional needs assessment, 2022
Background: As the information age wanes, enabling the prevalence of the artificial intelligence ... more Background: As the information age wanes, enabling the prevalence of the artificial intelligence age; expectations, responsibilities, and job definitions need to be redefined for those who provide services in healthcare. This study examined the perceptions of future physicians on the possible influences of artificial intelligence on medicine, and to determine the needs that might be helpful for curriculum restructuring. Methods: A cross-sectional multi-centre study was conducted among medical students country-wide, where 3018 medical students participated. The instrument of the study was an online survey that was designed and distributed via a web-based service. Results: Most of the medical students perceived artificial intelligence as an assistive technology that could facilitate physicians' access to information (85.8%) and patients to healthcare (76.7%), and reduce errors (70.5%). However, half of the participants were worried about the possible reduction in the services of physicians, which could lead to unemployment (44.9%). Furthermore, it was agreed that using artificial intelligence in medicine could devalue the medical profession (58.6%), damage trust (45.5%), and negatively affect patient-physician relationships (42.7%). Moreover, nearly half of the participants affirmed that they could protect their professional confidentiality when using artificial intelligence applications (44.7%); whereas, 16.1% argued that artificial intelligence in medicine might cause violations of professional confidentiality. Of all the participants, only 6.0% stated that they were competent enough to inform patients about the features and risks of artificial intelligence. They further expressed that their educational gaps regarding their need for "knowledge and skills related to artificial intelligence applications" (96.2%), "applications for reducing medical errors" (95.8%), and "training to prevent and solve ethical problems that might arise as a result of using artificial intelligence applications" (93.8%). Conclusions: The participants expressed a need for an update on the medical curriculum, according to necessities in transforming healthcare driven by artificial intelligence. The update should revolve around equipping future physicians with the knowledge and skills to effectively use artificial intelligence applications and ensure that professional values and rights are protected.
GİRİŞ Kişisel kullanımdan, tarım için kullanıma, elektrik üretiminden ticari faaliyetlere bireyle... more GİRİŞ Kişisel kullanımdan, tarım için kullanıma, elektrik üretiminden ticari faaliyetlere bireylerin ve toplumun tüm etkinlikleri ve varlığı, suya bağlıdır. Buna karşılık, dünyadaki su miktarının yaklaşık olarak 1,4 milyar km 3 civarında olduğu ve yeryüzünün %75'nin okyanuslar tarafından kaplanmış olsa da sadece %2,5'inin tatlı sudan oluştuğu bildirilmektedir (1). Güvenli, kolay erişilebilir ve temiz suyun kullanımı ise halk sağlığı açısından ayrı bir öneme sahiptir. Birleşmiş Milletler'in suya dair raporlarında belirtildiği üzere herkesin 'güvenli suya erişim hakkı' bulunmaktadır ve bu hak şu özellikleri taşımaktadır (2): • Yeterli ve sürekli; içme, çamaşır yıkama, yiyecek hazırlama, kişisel ve ev hijyeni olmak üzere suya erişimin yeterli ve sürekli olması gerekir. Suyun yeterli olabilmesi için DSÖ bir kişinin günlük ihtiyacı olan suyu 50 ile 100 litre olacak şekilde bildirmektedir. • Güvenli; mikroorganizmalardan, kimyasal maddelerden ve bir kişinin sağlığına tehdit oluşturan radyolojik tehlikelerden arınmış olmasını ifade eder. • Kabul edilebilir; içme veya kullanım suyu olarak herkesin kabul edebileceği renk, koku ve tatta olması gerekir. • Fiziksel olarak erişilebilir; herkesin evde, iş yerinde, eğitim ve sağlık kurumunda veya hemen yakınında fiziksel olarak erişilebilir temiz bir su kaynağından hizmet alabiliyor olmalıdır. • Uygun fiyatlı; su, su tesis ve hizmetlerinin herkes için uygun fiyatlı olması gerektiği bildirilmektedir. Birleşmiş Milletler Kalkınma Programı'na (UNDP) göre su maliyeti, hane halkı gelirinin yüzde 3'ünü geçmemelidir. Güvenli suya erişim hakkına karşılık Birleşmiş Milletler, DSÖ ve UNICEF gibi kuruluşların su ve sağlık konulu raporlarında günümüzde 2.1 milyar insanın güvenli bir şekilde yönetilen su hizmetlerine erişim hakkının olmadığı, 4.5 milyar insanın da güvenli temizlik hizmetlerinden yoksun olduğu belirtilmektedir (3,4,5). Yanı sıra Birleşmiş Milletler'in raporuna göre kötü hijyen koşulları ya da güvenli olmayan içme suyuna bağlı olarak her yıl beş yaş altında 340.000'den fazla çocuk yaşamını yitirmektedir (5). Yirmibirinci yüzyılda su ile ilgili sorunlar; nüfus artışına bağlı su ihtiyacının artması, çevre kirliliğinin artması, kalitesinin korunmaması, su yönetimine ilişkin sorunlar, su kaynaklarının etkin kullanımı için finansman ihtiyacı ve günümüzde su ücretlerinin giderek artması gibi pek çok başlıkta tartışılmaktadır. Bir araştırma raporunda temiz içme suyuna erişim sorununun, su kaynaklarının eksikliğinden çok suya erişimi kısıtlayan * Bu çalışma, 10-11 Haziran 2019 tarihleri arasında İstanbul'da düzenlenen "Uluslararası Tarih ve Kültür Penceresinden Su ve Sağlık İlişkisi Sempozyumu" kongresinde M. Murat Civaner ile birlikte sözlü bildiri olarak sunulmuştur; diğer yazar makaleye yeterince katkı koyamayacağı gerekçesiyle kendi isteğiyle yazarlıktan çekilmiştir. a Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tıp Tarihi ve Etik AD, Bursa filizbulut.
Modern medicine is losing its humanistic essence: " Patients no more, but diseases " is the new m... more Modern medicine is losing its humanistic essence: " Patients no more, but diseases " is the new motto now.
Abstract: For medicine, which is as old as history of humanity, the virtue of helping has always been a priority. However, the way medicine see diseases and human being changed from time to time, and the treatment approaches were shaped accordingly. Ancient Greek's Knidos and Kos Schools of Medicine reflecting one of the earliest schools of systematic medical education show us two distinct perspectives. School of Kos carries the characteristics of Hippocratic medicine and reach a diagnosis not considering the disease symptoms but through the disease itself, and the prognosis of the patient is taken into consideration as well. The disease and the patient are handled with a holistic view without focusing on an organ and the treatment is planned accordingly, while the School of Knidos focuses mainly on the disease not to the patient and reach a clinical diagnosis based on the specifications presented from the symptoms. Today's modern medicine mentality has significant similarities with the School of Knidos approach. This model ignores the cases specific to the patient while diagnosing and applying treatment methods. The physicians who get more specialised every day are becoming implementers of an alienated medicine in contrast to Hippocrates's " There is no disease, but the patient " aphorism. Nowadays, with the rapidly developing technology and ever-growing accumulation of knowledge, it is possible to say that we moved away from the “humanistic” medicine concept. In addition, in today’s medicine, embedding the bu- siness concepts into medicine and commercialization of medicine have significant effects on this phenomenon. The establishment and assessment of the relationship of patient-physician on the basis of ‘customer satisfaction’ is changing physicians’ opinions on their profession and patients, which leads to a worrisome transformation such as moving away from traditional medical virtues. In this process, respect and trust for the physician are shaken and patients tend to look for various alternative methods for their health problems. In view of this wor- risome development, returning to the ‘humanistic medicine’ seems vital for social existence of medicine, rights related health and professional values, instead of today’s modern medicine which ignores the holistic approach to complicated nature of human being, and prioritizes business world concepts, such as cost-effectiveness, profit, productivity and competition.
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* Bu çalışma, 10-11 Haziran 2019 tarihleri arasında İstanbul'da düzenlenen "Uluslararası Tarih ve Kültür Penceresinden Su ve Sağlık İlişkisi Sempozyumu" kongresinde M. Murat Civaner ile birlikte sözlü bildiri olarak sunulmuştur; diğer yazar makaleye yeterince katkı koyamayacağı gerekçesiyle kendi isteğiyle yazarlıktan çekilmiştir. a Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tıp Tarihi ve Etik AD, Bursa filizbulut.
Abstract: For medicine, which is as old as history of humanity, the virtue of helping has always been a priority. However, the way medicine see diseases and human being changed from time to time, and the treatment approaches were shaped accordingly. Ancient Greek's Knidos and Kos Schools of Medicine reflecting one of the earliest schools of systematic medical education show us two distinct perspectives. School of Kos carries the characteristics of Hippocratic medicine and reach a diagnosis not considering the disease symptoms but through the disease itself, and the prognosis of the patient is taken into consideration as well. The disease and the patient are handled with a holistic view without focusing on an organ and the treatment is planned accordingly, while the School of Knidos focuses mainly on the disease not to the patient and reach a clinical diagnosis based on the specifications presented from the symptoms. Today's modern medicine mentality has significant similarities with the School of Knidos approach. This model ignores the cases specific to the patient while diagnosing and applying treatment methods. The physicians who get more specialised every day are becoming implementers of an alienated medicine in contrast to Hippocrates's " There is no disease, but the patient " aphorism. Nowadays, with the rapidly developing technology and ever-growing accumulation of knowledge, it is possible to say that we moved away from the “humanistic” medicine concept. In addition, in today’s medicine, embedding the bu- siness concepts into medicine and commercialization of medicine have significant effects on this phenomenon. The establishment and assessment of the relationship of patient-physician on the basis of ‘customer satisfaction’ is changing physicians’ opinions on their profession and patients, which leads to a worrisome transformation such as moving away from traditional medical virtues. In this process, respect and trust for the physician are shaken and patients tend to look for various alternative methods for their health problems. In view of this wor- risome development, returning to the ‘humanistic medicine’ seems vital for social existence of medicine, rights related health and professional values, instead of today’s modern medicine which ignores the holistic approach to complicated nature of human being, and prioritizes business world concepts, such as cost-effectiveness, profit, productivity and competition.
* Bu çalışma, 10-11 Haziran 2019 tarihleri arasında İstanbul'da düzenlenen "Uluslararası Tarih ve Kültür Penceresinden Su ve Sağlık İlişkisi Sempozyumu" kongresinde M. Murat Civaner ile birlikte sözlü bildiri olarak sunulmuştur; diğer yazar makaleye yeterince katkı koyamayacağı gerekçesiyle kendi isteğiyle yazarlıktan çekilmiştir. a Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tıp Tarihi ve Etik AD, Bursa filizbulut.
Abstract: For medicine, which is as old as history of humanity, the virtue of helping has always been a priority. However, the way medicine see diseases and human being changed from time to time, and the treatment approaches were shaped accordingly. Ancient Greek's Knidos and Kos Schools of Medicine reflecting one of the earliest schools of systematic medical education show us two distinct perspectives. School of Kos carries the characteristics of Hippocratic medicine and reach a diagnosis not considering the disease symptoms but through the disease itself, and the prognosis of the patient is taken into consideration as well. The disease and the patient are handled with a holistic view without focusing on an organ and the treatment is planned accordingly, while the School of Knidos focuses mainly on the disease not to the patient and reach a clinical diagnosis based on the specifications presented from the symptoms. Today's modern medicine mentality has significant similarities with the School of Knidos approach. This model ignores the cases specific to the patient while diagnosing and applying treatment methods. The physicians who get more specialised every day are becoming implementers of an alienated medicine in contrast to Hippocrates's " There is no disease, but the patient " aphorism. Nowadays, with the rapidly developing technology and ever-growing accumulation of knowledge, it is possible to say that we moved away from the “humanistic” medicine concept. In addition, in today’s medicine, embedding the bu- siness concepts into medicine and commercialization of medicine have significant effects on this phenomenon. The establishment and assessment of the relationship of patient-physician on the basis of ‘customer satisfaction’ is changing physicians’ opinions on their profession and patients, which leads to a worrisome transformation such as moving away from traditional medical virtues. In this process, respect and trust for the physician are shaken and patients tend to look for various alternative methods for their health problems. In view of this wor- risome development, returning to the ‘humanistic medicine’ seems vital for social existence of medicine, rights related health and professional values, instead of today’s modern medicine which ignores the holistic approach to complicated nature of human being, and prioritizes business world concepts, such as cost-effectiveness, profit, productivity and competition.