BACKGROUND Chronic pain is a significant health care problem. To quantify the pain severity in pa... more BACKGROUND Chronic pain is a significant health care problem. To quantify the pain severity in patients and the efficacy of new or current treatments, researchers and clinicians apply tools such as the traditional visual analogue scale (VAS), that lead to inaccurate and subjective interpretation related to the main sensory pain. OBJECTIVE To validate pain measurements of a neuroscience-based 3D body mobile application called GeoPain. METHODS Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) patients were assessed using GeoPain measures in comparison to traditional pain and mood scales, respectively VAS and Positive and Negative Affects (PANAS). Principal Component Analysis (PCA), scatter score analysis, Pearson’s methods and effect size were used to determine the correlation among GeoPain and VAS measures. RESULTS The PCA analysis resulted in two main orthogonal components: PC1 and PC2. PC1 comprises a combination score of all GeoPain measures, which had a high internally consistent, and clustered t...
Poor self-regulation (i.e., inability to harness cognitive, emotional, motivational resources to ... more Poor self-regulation (i.e., inability to harness cognitive, emotional, motivational resources to achieve goals) is hypothesized to contribute to unhealthy behaviors across the lifespan. Enhancing early self-regulation may increase positive health outcomes. Obesity is a major public health concern with early-emerging precursors related to self-regulation; it is therefore a good model for understanding self-regulation and health behavior. Preadolescence is a transition when children increase autonomy in health behaviors (e.g., eating, exercise habits), many of which involve self-regulation. This paper presents the scientific rationale for examining self-regulation mechanisms that are hypothesized to relate to health behaviors, specifically obesogenic eating, that have not been examined in children. We describe novel intervention protocols designed to enhance self-regulation skills, specifically executive functioning, emotion regulation, future-oriented thinking, and approach bias. Int...
Objective To examine the main and interactive effects of the amount of daily television exposure ... more Objective To examine the main and interactive effects of the amount of daily television exposure and frequency of parent conversation during shared television viewing on parent ratings of curiosity at kindergarten, and to test for moderation by socioeconomic status (SES). Study design Sample included 5100 children from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Birth Cohort. Hours of daily television exposure and frequency of parent screen-time conversation were assessed from a parent interview at preschool, and the outcome of early childhood curiosity was derived from a child behavior questionnaire at kindergarten. Multivariate linear regression examined the main and interactive effects of television exposure and parent screen-time conversation on kindergarten curiosity and tested for moderation by SES. Results In adjusted models, greater number of hours of daily television viewing at preschool was associated with lower curiosity at kindergarten (B = -0.14, p = .008). More frequent pa...
Background- Lead (Pb), a well-known neurotoxicant, is associated with poorer cognitive, behaviora... more Background- Lead (Pb), a well-known neurotoxicant, is associated with poorer cognitive, behavioral, and motor outcomes, but little is known about effects on sensory function in humans. Aim- To asse...
ABSTRACT Objective: Aortic stiffness, measured as carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV), a... more ABSTRACT Objective: Aortic stiffness, measured as carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV), and pulse wave reflection, assessed as augmentation index(AIx), are independent predictors for cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present study was to describe the distribution of arterial stiffness parameters and their major determinants in a population of old, community-living subjects, participating in the 3C-Dijon study. Population and Methods: A large group of elderly (>70years) subjects without previous CV events from the population-based 3C-Dijon study were proposed to have an evaluation of arterial properties through assessment of cf-PWV, AIx and central Pulse Pressure (cPP) (SphygmoCor® system, AtCor, Australia). In order to study the determinants of PWV, AIx and cPP, we performed multiple regression analysis including age, gender, height, mean blood pressure (MBP) and heart rate (HR),and other classical CV risk factors (diagnosis of hypertension or diabetes, carotid plaque and smoking status) as covariates. Results: Data were collected in 1449 subjects (mean age 79.7 ± 3.9years, 35.8%males, 80.9% with a history of hypertension). Age was a strong determinant of cf-PWV and cPP but not for AIx. MBP (p < 0,0001) and HR (p < 0,0001) were independent correlates of each parameter, as well as gender. Indeed, female subjects exhibited on average significantly higher values of AIx (36.8 ± 9.9 vs 32.1 ± 11.3%,p < 0.0001) and cPP (62 ± 16 vs 59.4 ± 15mmHg,p < 0.0001) but a smaller value of cf-PWV (14.5 ± 3.2 vs 15.2 ± 3.5m/s,p = 0.0001), even after adjustment for potential confounders. Significant additional covariates in multivariate analysis were height (p = 0,0076),diabetes (p < 0,0001),hypertension (p < 0,0001) and carotid atherosclerosis (p = 0.0168) for PWV; height (p = 0,0001) and smoking habitus(p = 0,0007) for AIx; and height (p = 0,0004), diabetes (p = 0,0073),hypertension (p < 0,0001) and carotid atherosclerosis (p = 0,0015) for cPP. Conclusions: This study offers information on distribution and determinants of different arterial properties parameters in a large cohort of patients representative of a general population of community-living old people. Classical CV risk factors remain correlated to arterial stiffness even after 80 years of age. This emphasizes the need to keep preventing and treating these risk factors also in the elderly.
The TRial Of Preventing HYpertension (TROPHY) study is an investigator-initiated trial to examine... more The TRial Of Preventing HYpertension (TROPHY) study is an investigator-initiated trial to examine whether early pharmacological treatment in subjects with “high-normal” blood pressure (BP) might prevent or delay the development of clinical hypertension. This is a 4-year, multicenter, randomized, double-blind study in untreated subjects aged 30 to 65 years with entry BPs of 130 to 139/≤89 or ≤139/85 to 89. The participants were randomized either to placebo or to a fixed (16 mg once daily) dose of candesartan cilexetil (candesartan). After 2 years, the candesartan group was switched to placebo, and the placebo group continued taking placebo. The main outcome measure was the development of clinical (treatment-requiring) hypertension assessed by an automated (blinded) BP measurement device. We randomized 809 subjects (59% males, average age 49.0±SD 8.1 years) in 71 study centers in the United States. The entry BP was 134±4.3/84.8±3.9 mm Hg. During the first 2 years, 187 subjects (23%) d...
2007 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference, 2007
In this paper, we present two approaches to calculate the probability of conflict between two air... more In this paper, we present two approaches to calculate the probability of conflict between two aircrafts in the airspace. The problem is concerned with a more general problem, that is minimizing the delay caused by airspace congestion. The long-term objective of this work is to reduce the number of potential en-route conflicts through a better assignment of flight levels (flight-level
The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity, Oct 3, 2017
High intake of added sugar and sodium is a public health concern for preschool-aged children livi... more High intake of added sugar and sodium is a public health concern for preschool-aged children living in the US. Externalizing behavior may predict higher consumption of added sugar and/or sodium; however, previous studies have mostly been cross-sectional. The aim was to evaluate whether externalizing behavior is prospectively related to added sugar and intake in a sex-specific manner among preschoolers. This was a secondary analysis of 524 preschool children (48% male) from Michigan who participated in an obesity prevention trial that occurred during one school year from 2011 to 2015. Teacher-assessed externalizing behaviors and three 24-h dietary recalls were completed at baseline and follow-up. We used linear mixed effects regression to evaluate the association between externalizing behavior at baseline and added sugar (% of total Calories) and sodium intake (mg/1000 Calories) at follow-up. In adjusted analysis, we included baseline income-to-needs ratio, child race/ethnicity, and ...
Biological and social influences both shape emotion regulation. In 380 low-income children, we te... more Biological and social influences both shape emotion regulation. In 380 low-income children, we tested whether biological stress profile (cortisol) moderated the association among positive and negative home environment factors (routines; chaos) and emotion regulation (negative lability; positive regulation). Children (M age = 50.6, SD = 6.4 months) provided saliva samples to assess diurnal cortisol parameters across 3 days. Parents reported on home environment and child emotion regulation. Structural equation modeling was used to test whether cortisol parameters moderated associations between home environment and child emotion regulation. Results showed that home chaos was negatively associated with emotion regulation outcomes; cortisol did not moderate the association. Child cortisol level moderated the routines-emotion regulation association such that lack of routine was most strongly associated with poor emotion regulation among children with lower cortisol output. Findings sugges...
BACKGROUND Chronic pain is a significant health care problem. To quantify the pain severity in pa... more BACKGROUND Chronic pain is a significant health care problem. To quantify the pain severity in patients and the efficacy of new or current treatments, researchers and clinicians apply tools such as the traditional visual analogue scale (VAS), that lead to inaccurate and subjective interpretation related to the main sensory pain. OBJECTIVE To validate pain measurements of a neuroscience-based 3D body mobile application called GeoPain. METHODS Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) patients were assessed using GeoPain measures in comparison to traditional pain and mood scales, respectively VAS and Positive and Negative Affects (PANAS). Principal Component Analysis (PCA), scatter score analysis, Pearson’s methods and effect size were used to determine the correlation among GeoPain and VAS measures. RESULTS The PCA analysis resulted in two main orthogonal components: PC1 and PC2. PC1 comprises a combination score of all GeoPain measures, which had a high internally consistent, and clustered t...
Poor self-regulation (i.e., inability to harness cognitive, emotional, motivational resources to ... more Poor self-regulation (i.e., inability to harness cognitive, emotional, motivational resources to achieve goals) is hypothesized to contribute to unhealthy behaviors across the lifespan. Enhancing early self-regulation may increase positive health outcomes. Obesity is a major public health concern with early-emerging precursors related to self-regulation; it is therefore a good model for understanding self-regulation and health behavior. Preadolescence is a transition when children increase autonomy in health behaviors (e.g., eating, exercise habits), many of which involve self-regulation. This paper presents the scientific rationale for examining self-regulation mechanisms that are hypothesized to relate to health behaviors, specifically obesogenic eating, that have not been examined in children. We describe novel intervention protocols designed to enhance self-regulation skills, specifically executive functioning, emotion regulation, future-oriented thinking, and approach bias. Int...
Objective To examine the main and interactive effects of the amount of daily television exposure ... more Objective To examine the main and interactive effects of the amount of daily television exposure and frequency of parent conversation during shared television viewing on parent ratings of curiosity at kindergarten, and to test for moderation by socioeconomic status (SES). Study design Sample included 5100 children from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Birth Cohort. Hours of daily television exposure and frequency of parent screen-time conversation were assessed from a parent interview at preschool, and the outcome of early childhood curiosity was derived from a child behavior questionnaire at kindergarten. Multivariate linear regression examined the main and interactive effects of television exposure and parent screen-time conversation on kindergarten curiosity and tested for moderation by SES. Results In adjusted models, greater number of hours of daily television viewing at preschool was associated with lower curiosity at kindergarten (B = -0.14, p = .008). More frequent pa...
Background- Lead (Pb), a well-known neurotoxicant, is associated with poorer cognitive, behaviora... more Background- Lead (Pb), a well-known neurotoxicant, is associated with poorer cognitive, behavioral, and motor outcomes, but little is known about effects on sensory function in humans. Aim- To asse...
ABSTRACT Objective: Aortic stiffness, measured as carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV), a... more ABSTRACT Objective: Aortic stiffness, measured as carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV), and pulse wave reflection, assessed as augmentation index(AIx), are independent predictors for cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present study was to describe the distribution of arterial stiffness parameters and their major determinants in a population of old, community-living subjects, participating in the 3C-Dijon study. Population and Methods: A large group of elderly (>70years) subjects without previous CV events from the population-based 3C-Dijon study were proposed to have an evaluation of arterial properties through assessment of cf-PWV, AIx and central Pulse Pressure (cPP) (SphygmoCor® system, AtCor, Australia). In order to study the determinants of PWV, AIx and cPP, we performed multiple regression analysis including age, gender, height, mean blood pressure (MBP) and heart rate (HR),and other classical CV risk factors (diagnosis of hypertension or diabetes, carotid plaque and smoking status) as covariates. Results: Data were collected in 1449 subjects (mean age 79.7 ± 3.9years, 35.8%males, 80.9% with a history of hypertension). Age was a strong determinant of cf-PWV and cPP but not for AIx. MBP (p < 0,0001) and HR (p < 0,0001) were independent correlates of each parameter, as well as gender. Indeed, female subjects exhibited on average significantly higher values of AIx (36.8 ± 9.9 vs 32.1 ± 11.3%,p < 0.0001) and cPP (62 ± 16 vs 59.4 ± 15mmHg,p < 0.0001) but a smaller value of cf-PWV (14.5 ± 3.2 vs 15.2 ± 3.5m/s,p = 0.0001), even after adjustment for potential confounders. Significant additional covariates in multivariate analysis were height (p = 0,0076),diabetes (p < 0,0001),hypertension (p < 0,0001) and carotid atherosclerosis (p = 0.0168) for PWV; height (p = 0,0001) and smoking habitus(p = 0,0007) for AIx; and height (p = 0,0004), diabetes (p = 0,0073),hypertension (p < 0,0001) and carotid atherosclerosis (p = 0,0015) for cPP. Conclusions: This study offers information on distribution and determinants of different arterial properties parameters in a large cohort of patients representative of a general population of community-living old people. Classical CV risk factors remain correlated to arterial stiffness even after 80 years of age. This emphasizes the need to keep preventing and treating these risk factors also in the elderly.
The TRial Of Preventing HYpertension (TROPHY) study is an investigator-initiated trial to examine... more The TRial Of Preventing HYpertension (TROPHY) study is an investigator-initiated trial to examine whether early pharmacological treatment in subjects with “high-normal” blood pressure (BP) might prevent or delay the development of clinical hypertension. This is a 4-year, multicenter, randomized, double-blind study in untreated subjects aged 30 to 65 years with entry BPs of 130 to 139/≤89 or ≤139/85 to 89. The participants were randomized either to placebo or to a fixed (16 mg once daily) dose of candesartan cilexetil (candesartan). After 2 years, the candesartan group was switched to placebo, and the placebo group continued taking placebo. The main outcome measure was the development of clinical (treatment-requiring) hypertension assessed by an automated (blinded) BP measurement device. We randomized 809 subjects (59% males, average age 49.0±SD 8.1 years) in 71 study centers in the United States. The entry BP was 134±4.3/84.8±3.9 mm Hg. During the first 2 years, 187 subjects (23%) d...
2007 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference, 2007
In this paper, we present two approaches to calculate the probability of conflict between two air... more In this paper, we present two approaches to calculate the probability of conflict between two aircrafts in the airspace. The problem is concerned with a more general problem, that is minimizing the delay caused by airspace congestion. The long-term objective of this work is to reduce the number of potential en-route conflicts through a better assignment of flight levels (flight-level
The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity, Oct 3, 2017
High intake of added sugar and sodium is a public health concern for preschool-aged children livi... more High intake of added sugar and sodium is a public health concern for preschool-aged children living in the US. Externalizing behavior may predict higher consumption of added sugar and/or sodium; however, previous studies have mostly been cross-sectional. The aim was to evaluate whether externalizing behavior is prospectively related to added sugar and intake in a sex-specific manner among preschoolers. This was a secondary analysis of 524 preschool children (48% male) from Michigan who participated in an obesity prevention trial that occurred during one school year from 2011 to 2015. Teacher-assessed externalizing behaviors and three 24-h dietary recalls were completed at baseline and follow-up. We used linear mixed effects regression to evaluate the association between externalizing behavior at baseline and added sugar (% of total Calories) and sodium intake (mg/1000 Calories) at follow-up. In adjusted analysis, we included baseline income-to-needs ratio, child race/ethnicity, and ...
Biological and social influences both shape emotion regulation. In 380 low-income children, we te... more Biological and social influences both shape emotion regulation. In 380 low-income children, we tested whether biological stress profile (cortisol) moderated the association among positive and negative home environment factors (routines; chaos) and emotion regulation (negative lability; positive regulation). Children (M age = 50.6, SD = 6.4 months) provided saliva samples to assess diurnal cortisol parameters across 3 days. Parents reported on home environment and child emotion regulation. Structural equation modeling was used to test whether cortisol parameters moderated associations between home environment and child emotion regulation. Results showed that home chaos was negatively associated with emotion regulation outcomes; cortisol did not moderate the association. Child cortisol level moderated the routines-emotion regulation association such that lack of routine was most strongly associated with poor emotion regulation among children with lower cortisol output. Findings sugges...
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