Open data is a site of tension for Indigenous peoples. Open data provides opportunities for susta... more Open data is a site of tension for Indigenous peoples. Open data provides opportunities for sustainable development according to Indigenous aspirations, yet also sits at the nexus of current and historic data challenges as a result of colonisation, bias, and a lack of knowledge of Indigenous rights. Indigenous data sovereignty (IDS) provides a framework for maximising the benefit of open data for Indigenous peoples and other users of Indigenous data and for affecting the stewardship of all data.
Background International studies of the health of Indigenous and tribal peoples provide important... more Background International studies of the health of Indigenous and tribal peoples provide important public health insights. Reliable data are required for the development of policy and health services. Previous studies document poorer outcomes for Indigenous peoples compared with benchmark populations, but have been restricted in their coverage of countries or the range of health indicators. Our objective is to describe the health and social status of Indigenous and tribal peoples relative to benchmark populations from a sample of countries.
Medicine and public health provision have often been
used as instruments of power that have shape... more Medicine and public health provision have often been used as instruments of power that have shaped relations between the colonizer and the colonized. The county councils, established in 1862 as regional self-governing authorities, became (and have remained) the main architects of Swedish public healthcare services. In this paper, we investigate the political praxis in regional public healthcare development in the three northernmost counties of Sweden, during 1863–1950. Our study finds that the “Lapp shall remain Lapp” policy, which dominated Swedish Sami policy at the time, had little if any influence on regional public healthcare politics. During the focal period, there were no public healthcare facilities and virtually no specific policies or directives aimed at improving access to healthcare for the Sami population.
The thematic issue has three main objectives. First, it demonstrates the wide range of available ... more The thematic issue has three main objectives. First, it demonstrates the wide range of available documents that help to de ne aspects of the demo‐ graphy of Portuguese overseas territories between 1776 and 1822, of which the population charts produced under royal orders are the most important. Secondly, the articles discuss existing sources for writing demographic histories of speci c colonial territories, highlighting the normative context in which they were produced. Finally, as the articles assess the quality of the data and suggest methods for the correction of inaccuracies, this volume aims to improve the level of critical analysis of demographic data. Popu‐ lation tables or parish records may look unproblematic—quantitative data seem to provide an air of objectivity to historical analyses—but as with all historical evidence, careful examination of the sources is imperative. This collection of articles has grown out of the research project “Coun‐ ting Colonial Populations: Demography and the use of statistics in the Portuguese Empire, 1776–1875.” Most of the statistical tables used by the authors can now be pulled directly from the project’s website. Besides several scholars involved in this project, a number of other scholars —young Portuguese researchers as well as more seasoned historians—were invited or decided out of motu proprio to contribute this volume.
The aim of the Consequence of Colonization project is to study population development and mortali... more The aim of the Consequence of Colonization project is to study population development and mortality in Swedish Sápmi. This article, the first to be drawn from our research, compares these changes between Sami and non-Sami, South and North Sami. Study design. Longitudinal individual based data from computerized records ofthe Glillivare, Undersåker and Frostviken parishes, divided into 2 40-year periods: 1776-1815 and 1856-1895. The main source material used for the present study was a set of data files from the Demographic Data Base (DDB) at Umeå University, the largest historical database in Europe. A Sami cohort was created by indicators of ethnicity in the parish registers, and was later extended with automatic linkages to children and parents. Sami mortality rates show great fluctuations during the period 1776-1815, almost always peaking at a higher rate than in the rest of Sweden. The non-Sami group had lower mortality rates compared with both Sweden as a whole and the Sami in t...
The primary goal of censuses has always been to collect reliable information on the state’s popul... more The primary goal of censuses has always been to collect reliable information on the state’s population and provide a basis for governmental decision-making. This study examines the categories used in the 1930 census and links them to the context in which they were generated. We treat the census as a tool of state power, which can be discerned from the definitions of its categories and the way in which statistics are collected and used. The guiding question of the study was “how does the 1930 census differ from previous censuses and how can these differences and changes be explained?” We find that as in earlier censuses, Statistics Sweden used extracts from the parish books on the individual level to collect information for the 1930 census, but also used diverse supplementary sources including tax registers, income tax returns and language surveys. Thus, unlike in most countries, Sweden did not send out census takers or questionnaires to the population. Many of the new or updated variables we see in the 1930 census such as income, wealth, and number of children born, can be related to the political and social debate concerning the poor working class and the establishment of the welfare state. The inclusion of categories such as ethnicity, religion, and foreign nationality can be seen as part of a normative approach wanting to control, monitor and correct deviant elements of the Swedish population.
Sweden has several extraordinary longitudinal population databases built on the country’s excellent parish registers dating back to the 18th century. While the Swedish censuses have rarely been used as sources of data for historical analysis, this work demonstrates that the 1930 census has great potential to support new research.
In 2007, the UN General Assembly endorsed the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigen... more In 2007, the UN General Assembly endorsed the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. In the following years, there has been a strong call from a range United Nations agencies and spokespersons for countries to act to improve their statistics relating to Indigenous peoples as part of their response to the Declaration. These calls have emphasised the need for a holistic approach, describing strengths and resilience of Indigenous peoples and not just a focus on gaps and disadvantage. National responses have been mixed and overall statistics remain inadequate. Significantly, there has been no international statistical effort through the United Nations statistical structures to respond to the Declaration and the increasing array of calls for improved statistics. The United Nations Statistical Commission in particular has an array of mechanisms to study statistical needs and develop solutions across a broad international statistical agenda. It is time for countries to make a concerted effort to improve their own statistics on Indigenous peoples, and to insist that the Statistical Commission work in partnership with the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues and other stakeholders to lead a major international drive to improve statistics on and for Indigenous peoples.
Reindeer husbandry's strong connection to the land, together with the ongoing climate-change deba... more Reindeer husbandry's strong connection to the land, together with the ongoing climate-change debate, has generated growing interest in its socio-ecological resilience and vulnerability. The ability of indigenous societies and their activities to respond to change is widely recognized to be dependent on several factors, such as socioeconomic forces and aspects of governance, all of which have long historical backgrounds. However, although historians constantly address questions about human societies, there have been very few historical studies on their resilience, vulnerability and adaptation strategies. Here, using historical sources, we analyze the vulnerability of reindeer husbandry (and the Sami societies that depended on it) in Sweden during the 19th century. We demonstrate that although reindeer management was a much more diverse enterprise at that time than it is now, the major adaptation strategy and constraining forces were similar to those of today. The foremost adaptation strategy was, and still is, the flexible use of pasture area, and the clearest constraints during the 19th century were the loss of authority over the land and the imposed regulation of reindeer management–both of which were strongly connected to the process of colonization.
This article will address how Swedish scientists, physicians and public health officers tried to ... more This article will address how Swedish scientists, physicians and public health officers tried to combat the polio epidemics in the pre-vaccine era. It shows that once polio was considered as an epidemic disease the preventive measures used were based on the hindrance of other infectious diseases. It also illustrates how epidemiological and laboratory studies to some degree affected the thoughts of how polio should be prevented, and that Swedish ideas and experiences differed from those put forward in the USA.
Open data is a site of tension for Indigenous peoples. Open data provides opportunities for susta... more Open data is a site of tension for Indigenous peoples. Open data provides opportunities for sustainable development according to Indigenous aspirations, yet also sits at the nexus of current and historic data challenges as a result of colonisation, bias, and a lack of knowledge of Indigenous rights. Indigenous data sovereignty (IDS) provides a framework for maximising the benefit of open data for Indigenous peoples and other users of Indigenous data and for affecting the stewardship of all data.
Background International studies of the health of Indigenous and tribal peoples provide important... more Background International studies of the health of Indigenous and tribal peoples provide important public health insights. Reliable data are required for the development of policy and health services. Previous studies document poorer outcomes for Indigenous peoples compared with benchmark populations, but have been restricted in their coverage of countries or the range of health indicators. Our objective is to describe the health and social status of Indigenous and tribal peoples relative to benchmark populations from a sample of countries.
Medicine and public health provision have often been
used as instruments of power that have shape... more Medicine and public health provision have often been used as instruments of power that have shaped relations between the colonizer and the colonized. The county councils, established in 1862 as regional self-governing authorities, became (and have remained) the main architects of Swedish public healthcare services. In this paper, we investigate the political praxis in regional public healthcare development in the three northernmost counties of Sweden, during 1863–1950. Our study finds that the “Lapp shall remain Lapp” policy, which dominated Swedish Sami policy at the time, had little if any influence on regional public healthcare politics. During the focal period, there were no public healthcare facilities and virtually no specific policies or directives aimed at improving access to healthcare for the Sami population.
The thematic issue has three main objectives. First, it demonstrates the wide range of available ... more The thematic issue has three main objectives. First, it demonstrates the wide range of available documents that help to de ne aspects of the demo‐ graphy of Portuguese overseas territories between 1776 and 1822, of which the population charts produced under royal orders are the most important. Secondly, the articles discuss existing sources for writing demographic histories of speci c colonial territories, highlighting the normative context in which they were produced. Finally, as the articles assess the quality of the data and suggest methods for the correction of inaccuracies, this volume aims to improve the level of critical analysis of demographic data. Popu‐ lation tables or parish records may look unproblematic—quantitative data seem to provide an air of objectivity to historical analyses—but as with all historical evidence, careful examination of the sources is imperative. This collection of articles has grown out of the research project “Coun‐ ting Colonial Populations: Demography and the use of statistics in the Portuguese Empire, 1776–1875.” Most of the statistical tables used by the authors can now be pulled directly from the project’s website. Besides several scholars involved in this project, a number of other scholars —young Portuguese researchers as well as more seasoned historians—were invited or decided out of motu proprio to contribute this volume.
The aim of the Consequence of Colonization project is to study population development and mortali... more The aim of the Consequence of Colonization project is to study population development and mortality in Swedish Sápmi. This article, the first to be drawn from our research, compares these changes between Sami and non-Sami, South and North Sami. Study design. Longitudinal individual based data from computerized records ofthe Glillivare, Undersåker and Frostviken parishes, divided into 2 40-year periods: 1776-1815 and 1856-1895. The main source material used for the present study was a set of data files from the Demographic Data Base (DDB) at Umeå University, the largest historical database in Europe. A Sami cohort was created by indicators of ethnicity in the parish registers, and was later extended with automatic linkages to children and parents. Sami mortality rates show great fluctuations during the period 1776-1815, almost always peaking at a higher rate than in the rest of Sweden. The non-Sami group had lower mortality rates compared with both Sweden as a whole and the Sami in t...
The primary goal of censuses has always been to collect reliable information on the state’s popul... more The primary goal of censuses has always been to collect reliable information on the state’s population and provide a basis for governmental decision-making. This study examines the categories used in the 1930 census and links them to the context in which they were generated. We treat the census as a tool of state power, which can be discerned from the definitions of its categories and the way in which statistics are collected and used. The guiding question of the study was “how does the 1930 census differ from previous censuses and how can these differences and changes be explained?” We find that as in earlier censuses, Statistics Sweden used extracts from the parish books on the individual level to collect information for the 1930 census, but also used diverse supplementary sources including tax registers, income tax returns and language surveys. Thus, unlike in most countries, Sweden did not send out census takers or questionnaires to the population. Many of the new or updated variables we see in the 1930 census such as income, wealth, and number of children born, can be related to the political and social debate concerning the poor working class and the establishment of the welfare state. The inclusion of categories such as ethnicity, religion, and foreign nationality can be seen as part of a normative approach wanting to control, monitor and correct deviant elements of the Swedish population.
Sweden has several extraordinary longitudinal population databases built on the country’s excellent parish registers dating back to the 18th century. While the Swedish censuses have rarely been used as sources of data for historical analysis, this work demonstrates that the 1930 census has great potential to support new research.
In 2007, the UN General Assembly endorsed the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigen... more In 2007, the UN General Assembly endorsed the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. In the following years, there has been a strong call from a range United Nations agencies and spokespersons for countries to act to improve their statistics relating to Indigenous peoples as part of their response to the Declaration. These calls have emphasised the need for a holistic approach, describing strengths and resilience of Indigenous peoples and not just a focus on gaps and disadvantage. National responses have been mixed and overall statistics remain inadequate. Significantly, there has been no international statistical effort through the United Nations statistical structures to respond to the Declaration and the increasing array of calls for improved statistics. The United Nations Statistical Commission in particular has an array of mechanisms to study statistical needs and develop solutions across a broad international statistical agenda. It is time for countries to make a concerted effort to improve their own statistics on Indigenous peoples, and to insist that the Statistical Commission work in partnership with the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues and other stakeholders to lead a major international drive to improve statistics on and for Indigenous peoples.
Reindeer husbandry's strong connection to the land, together with the ongoing climate-change deba... more Reindeer husbandry's strong connection to the land, together with the ongoing climate-change debate, has generated growing interest in its socio-ecological resilience and vulnerability. The ability of indigenous societies and their activities to respond to change is widely recognized to be dependent on several factors, such as socioeconomic forces and aspects of governance, all of which have long historical backgrounds. However, although historians constantly address questions about human societies, there have been very few historical studies on their resilience, vulnerability and adaptation strategies. Here, using historical sources, we analyze the vulnerability of reindeer husbandry (and the Sami societies that depended on it) in Sweden during the 19th century. We demonstrate that although reindeer management was a much more diverse enterprise at that time than it is now, the major adaptation strategy and constraining forces were similar to those of today. The foremost adaptation strategy was, and still is, the flexible use of pasture area, and the clearest constraints during the 19th century were the loss of authority over the land and the imposed regulation of reindeer management–both of which were strongly connected to the process of colonization.
This article will address how Swedish scientists, physicians and public health officers tried to ... more This article will address how Swedish scientists, physicians and public health officers tried to combat the polio epidemics in the pre-vaccine era. It shows that once polio was considered as an epidemic disease the preventive measures used were based on the hindrance of other infectious diseases. It also illustrates how epidemiological and laboratory studies to some degree affected the thoughts of how polio should be prevented, and that Swedish ideas and experiences differed from those put forward in the USA.
Opinion in Dagens Nyheter written by Anna-Lill Drugge, Åsa Össbo, Annette Löf, Per Axelsson, Isab... more Opinion in Dagens Nyheter written by Anna-Lill Drugge, Åsa Össbo, Annette Löf, Per Axelsson, Isabelle Brännlund with comments from Sverker Sörlin, Hugh Beach, Malin Brännström signed by:
Christina Allard
, JD, Luleå tekniska universitet
Dag Avango
, FD, Kungliga tekniska högskolan
Per Axelsson
, FD, Umeå universitet
Hugh Beach
, professor, Uppsala universitet
Kristina Belancic
, doktorand, Umeå universitet
Isabelle Brännlund
, FD, Umeå universitet
Coppélie Cocq
, FD, Umeå universitet.
Öje Danell
, professor emeritus, Sverigeslantbruksuniversitet
Birgitta Fossum
, FD, Saemien sijte
Gunlög Fur
, professor, Linnéuniversitetet
Märit Frändén
, FD, Institutet för språk ochfolkminnen
Gloria Gallardo
, docent, Uppsala universitet
Hillevi Ganetz
, professor, Stockholmsuniversitet
Carina Green
, FD, Uppsala universitet
Sven Hassler
, MD, Högskolan Väst
Lis-Marie Hjortfors
, doktorand, Umeåuniversitet
Lars Jacobsson
, professor, Umeå universitet
Peter Johansson
, FD, Göteborgs universitet
Rasmus Kløcker Larsen
, FD, StockholmEnvironment Institute
Marie Kvarnström
, forskare, Sverigeslantbruksuniversitet
Gunilla Larsson
, FD, Uppsala universitet
Lars-Gunnar Larsson
, professor emeritus,Uppsala universitet
Rebecca Lawrence
, FD, Stockholmsuniversitet.
Anna-Lill Ledman
, FD, Umeå universitet
Annette Löf
, FD, Umeå universitet
Eva Johansson Lönn
, FD, Umeå universitet
Jon Moen
, professor, Umeå universitet
Ulf Mörkenstam
, docent, Stockholmsuniversitet
Lena Maria Nilsson
, FD, Umeå universitet
Ragnhild Nilsson
, doktorand, Stockholmsuniversitet
Erik Norberg
, FD, Saemien sijte
Gabriella Nordin
, FD, Umeå universitet
Christer Nordlund
, professor, Umeåuniversitet
Björn Norlin
, FD, Umeå universitet
Hanna Outakoski
, adjunkt, Umeå universitet
Kaisa Raitio
, docent, Sverigeslantbruksuniversitet
Elsa Reimerson
, doktorand, Umeå universitet
Camilla Sandström
, docent, Umeå universitet
Per Sandström
, FD, Sverigeslantbruksuniversitet
Moa Sandström
, doktorand, Umeå universitet
Fred Saunders
, FD, Södertörns högskola
Kristina Sehlin Macneil
, doktorand, Umeåuniversitet
Per Sjölander
, professor, Akademi Norr
Eva Silvén
, FD, Nordiska museet
David Sjögren
, FD, Uppsala universitet
Anna Skarin
, FD, Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet
Peter Sköld
, professor, Umeå universitet
Krister Stoor
, FD, Umeå universitet
Christina Storm Mienna
, MD, Umeåuniversitet
Anna Lydia Svalastog
, professor, Uppsalauniversitet
Charlotta Svonni
, doktorand, Umeå universitet
Torbjörn Söder
, docent, Uppsala universitet
Sverker Sörlin
, professor, Kungliga tekniskahögskolan
Håkan Tunón
, Farm. Dr., Sveriges
lantbruksuniversitet
Camilla Widmark
, FD, Sverigeslantbruksuniversitet
Mikael Vinka
, FD, Umeå universitet
Birgitta Åhman
, professor, Sverigeslantbruksuniversitet.
May-Britt Öhman
, FD, Uppsala universitet
Åsa Össbo
, FD, Umeå universitet
What polio epidemics can tell us about Sweden’s covid-19 strategy’.
Some notes from a Swedish his... more What polio epidemics can tell us about Sweden’s covid-19 strategy’. Some notes from a Swedish historian.
Uploads
Papers by Per Axelsson
used as instruments of power that have shaped relations between the
colonizer and the colonized. The county councils, established in 1862
as regional self-governing authorities, became (and have remained) the
main architects of Swedish public healthcare services. In this paper, we
investigate the political praxis in regional public healthcare development
in the three northernmost counties of Sweden, during 1863–1950.
Our study finds that the “Lapp shall remain Lapp” policy, which dominated
Swedish Sami policy at the time, had little if any influence on
regional public healthcare politics. During the focal period, there were
no public healthcare facilities and virtually no specific policies or directives
aimed at improving access to healthcare for the Sami population.
This collection of articles has grown out of the research project “Coun‐ ting Colonial Populations: Demography and the use of statistics in the Portuguese Empire, 1776–1875.” Most of the statistical tables used by the authors can now be pulled directly from the project’s website. Besides several scholars involved in this project, a number of other scholars —young Portuguese researchers as well as more seasoned historians—were invited or decided out of motu proprio to contribute this volume.
Sweden has several extraordinary longitudinal population databases built on the country’s excellent parish registers dating back to the 18th century. While the Swedish censuses have rarely been used as sources of data for historical analysis, this work demonstrates that the 1930 census has great potential to support new research.
used as instruments of power that have shaped relations between the
colonizer and the colonized. The county councils, established in 1862
as regional self-governing authorities, became (and have remained) the
main architects of Swedish public healthcare services. In this paper, we
investigate the political praxis in regional public healthcare development
in the three northernmost counties of Sweden, during 1863–1950.
Our study finds that the “Lapp shall remain Lapp” policy, which dominated
Swedish Sami policy at the time, had little if any influence on
regional public healthcare politics. During the focal period, there were
no public healthcare facilities and virtually no specific policies or directives
aimed at improving access to healthcare for the Sami population.
This collection of articles has grown out of the research project “Coun‐ ting Colonial Populations: Demography and the use of statistics in the Portuguese Empire, 1776–1875.” Most of the statistical tables used by the authors can now be pulled directly from the project’s website. Besides several scholars involved in this project, a number of other scholars —young Portuguese researchers as well as more seasoned historians—were invited or decided out of motu proprio to contribute this volume.
Sweden has several extraordinary longitudinal population databases built on the country’s excellent parish registers dating back to the 18th century. While the Swedish censuses have rarely been used as sources of data for historical analysis, this work demonstrates that the 1930 census has great potential to support new research.
Christina Allard
, JD, Luleå tekniska universitet
Dag Avango
, FD, Kungliga tekniska högskolan
Per Axelsson
, FD, Umeå universitet
Hugh Beach
, professor, Uppsala universitet
Kristina Belancic
, doktorand, Umeå universitet
Isabelle Brännlund
, FD, Umeå universitet
Coppélie Cocq
, FD, Umeå universitet.
Öje Danell
, professor emeritus, Sverigeslantbruksuniversitet
Birgitta Fossum
, FD, Saemien sijte
Gunlög Fur
, professor, Linnéuniversitetet
Märit Frändén
, FD, Institutet för språk ochfolkminnen
Gloria Gallardo
, docent, Uppsala universitet
Hillevi Ganetz
, professor, Stockholmsuniversitet
Carina Green
, FD, Uppsala universitet
Sven Hassler
, MD, Högskolan Väst
Lis-Marie Hjortfors
, doktorand, Umeåuniversitet
Lars Jacobsson
, professor, Umeå universitet
Peter Johansson
, FD, Göteborgs universitet
Rasmus Kløcker Larsen
, FD, StockholmEnvironment Institute
Marie Kvarnström
, forskare, Sverigeslantbruksuniversitet
Gunilla Larsson
, FD, Uppsala universitet
Lars-Gunnar Larsson
, professor emeritus,Uppsala universitet
Rebecca Lawrence
, FD, Stockholmsuniversitet.
Anna-Lill Ledman
, FD, Umeå universitet
Annette Löf
, FD, Umeå universitet
Eva Johansson Lönn
, FD, Umeå universitet
Jon Moen
, professor, Umeå universitet
Ulf Mörkenstam
, docent, Stockholmsuniversitet
Lena Maria Nilsson
, FD, Umeå universitet
Ragnhild Nilsson
, doktorand, Stockholmsuniversitet
Erik Norberg
, FD, Saemien sijte
Gabriella Nordin
, FD, Umeå universitet
Christer Nordlund
, professor, Umeåuniversitet
Björn Norlin
, FD, Umeå universitet
Hanna Outakoski
, adjunkt, Umeå universitet
Kaisa Raitio
, docent, Sverigeslantbruksuniversitet
Elsa Reimerson
, doktorand, Umeå universitet
Camilla Sandström
, docent, Umeå universitet
Per Sandström
, FD, Sverigeslantbruksuniversitet
Moa Sandström
, doktorand, Umeå universitet
Fred Saunders
, FD, Södertörns högskola
Kristina Sehlin Macneil
, doktorand, Umeåuniversitet
Per Sjölander
, professor, Akademi Norr
Eva Silvén
, FD, Nordiska museet
David Sjögren
, FD, Uppsala universitet
Anna Skarin
, FD, Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet
Peter Sköld
, professor, Umeå universitet
Krister Stoor
, FD, Umeå universitet
Christina Storm Mienna
, MD, Umeåuniversitet
Anna Lydia Svalastog
, professor, Uppsalauniversitet
Charlotta Svonni
, doktorand, Umeå universitet
Torbjörn Söder
, docent, Uppsala universitet
Sverker Sörlin
, professor, Kungliga tekniskahögskolan
Håkan Tunón
, Farm. Dr., Sveriges
lantbruksuniversitet
Camilla Widmark
, FD, Sverigeslantbruksuniversitet
Mikael Vinka
, FD, Umeå universitet
Birgitta Åhman
, professor, Sverigeslantbruksuniversitet.
May-Britt Öhman
, FD, Uppsala universitet
Åsa Össbo
, FD, Umeå universitet
Some notes from a Swedish historian.