In this article, we report the prevalence of traumatic events (TEs), lifetime and 12-month posttr... more In this article, we report the prevalence of traumatic events (TEs), lifetime and 12-month posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among 148 women experiencing homelessness in 3 midsized cities in the United States (Omaha, NE, Pittsburgh, PA, and Portland, OR). The women ranged in age from 19 to 54 years with an average age of 38.89 years (SD = 10.18). The sample was 42.6% White/European American. We investigated the mediation of distal TEs (i.e., childhood maltreatment) by more proximal TEs associated with being homeless (i.e., homelessness-related stressors) for meeting diagnostic criteria for 12-month PTSD. Results indicated that 42.6% of the women met criteria for lifetime PTSD and 39.7% met criteria for past-year PTSD. The number of TEs reported ranged from 0 to 16 in order of prevalence with a median of 6 TEs. The correlations between childhood maltreatment and 12-month PTSD ranged from .16 to .20 and the correlations between homelessness-related stressors and 12-month PTSD range...
A social learning model was developed that portrayed four processes whereby harsh parenting might... more A social learning model was developed that portrayed four processes whereby harsh parenting might be transmitted across generations. The model was tested using a sample of 451 2-parent families, each of which included a 7th grader. Both parent self-report and adolescent-report measures were utilized for the harsh parenting construct. Analysis using structural equation modeling procedures showed that grandparents who had
This research examines factors affecting school success for a sample of 196 fifth-eighth grade Am... more This research examines factors affecting school success for a sample of 196 fifth-eighth grade American Indian children from three reservations in the upper Midwest. The regression model included age, gender, family structure, parent occupation and income, maternal warmth, extracurricular activities, enculturation, and self-esteem. The results indicate that traditional culture positively affects the academic performance of fifth-eighth grade children. The bivariate
In the present study, we considered the utility of the prototype/willingness model in predicting ... more In the present study, we considered the utility of the prototype/willingness model in predicting alcohol use among North-American Indigenous adolescents. Specifically, using longitudinal data, we examined the associations among subjective drinking norms, positive drinker prototypes, drinking expectations (as a proxy of drinking willingness), and drinking behavior among a sample of Indigenous adolescents from ages 12 to 14 years. Using an autoregressive cross-lagged analysis, our results showed that subjective drinking norms and positive drinker prototypes at 12 years of age were associated with increased drinking expectations at 13 years of age, and that greater drinking expectations at 13 years of age were associated with increased drinking behavior at 14 years of age. Our results provide initial evidence that the prototype/willingness model may generalize to Indigenous adolescents, a population that has received little attention within the psychological sciences. Our results also ...
When we first met 16-year-old Shana she was spainging''(spare-changing) on the Ave. Sh... more When we first met 16-year-old Shana she was spainging''(spare-changing) on the Ave. She agreed to participate in the study because she could make enough money to buy pizza and drinks for herself and her boyfriend. They met at a church-sponsored shelter and had been ...
... The authors thank Kevin Yoder and anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. Please addr... more ... The authors thank Kevin Yoder and anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. Please address correspondence to Lisa Thrane, Wichita State University, 401 Lindquist Hall, Box 25, Wichita, KS 67260. e-mail: lisa.thrane@wichita.edu. Page 2. ...
This study compared multiple attempters, single attempters, ideators and non-suicidal homeless ad... more This study compared multiple attempters, single attempters, ideators and non-suicidal homeless adolescents from the Midwestern United States. The data were collected in 1999–2000 from youths aged 16–19 years. More than one-quarter (26.7%) of the 405 participants made multiple lifetime attempts, 9.8% attempted suicide once, 48.9% thought about – but did not attempt – suicide and 14.6% never attempted or thought
Path analysis was used to investigate factors associated with self-reported sexually transmitted ... more Path analysis was used to investigate factors associated with self-reported sexually transmitted diseases among 569 homeless and runaway adolescents in four Midwestern states. Youth were interviewed by outreach workers directly on the streets, in shelters, and in drop-in centers. Results indicated that family abuse was positively related to substance use, affiliation with friends who sold sex, and time on own. Early family abuse indirectly increased the likelihood of self-reported sexually transmitted diseases through time on own, substance use, friends selling sex, and risky sexual behaviors. Finally, substance use and affiliation with friends who sold sex was positively associated with risky sexual behaviors, which in turn was related to self-reported sexually transmitted diseases. No significant gender interactions were found for this model.
... 80 for girls, and .78 for the entire sample. Page 8. 382 WHITBECK, HOYT, ACKLEY RESULTS Homel... more ... 80 for girls, and .78 for the entire sample. Page 8. 382 WHITBECK, HOYT, ACKLEY RESULTS Homeless adolescents reported high levels of physical and sexual abuse. Over 80% had a caretaker throw something at them in anger, and 43% had ...
In this article, we report the prevalence of traumatic events (TEs), lifetime and 12-month posttr... more In this article, we report the prevalence of traumatic events (TEs), lifetime and 12-month posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among 148 women experiencing homelessness in 3 midsized cities in the United States (Omaha, NE, Pittsburgh, PA, and Portland, OR). The women ranged in age from 19 to 54 years with an average age of 38.89 years (SD = 10.18). The sample was 42.6% White/European American. We investigated the mediation of distal TEs (i.e., childhood maltreatment) by more proximal TEs associated with being homeless (i.e., homelessness-related stressors) for meeting diagnostic criteria for 12-month PTSD. Results indicated that 42.6% of the women met criteria for lifetime PTSD and 39.7% met criteria for past-year PTSD. The number of TEs reported ranged from 0 to 16 in order of prevalence with a median of 6 TEs. The correlations between childhood maltreatment and 12-month PTSD ranged from .16 to .20 and the correlations between homelessness-related stressors and 12-month PTSD range...
A social learning model was developed that portrayed four processes whereby harsh parenting might... more A social learning model was developed that portrayed four processes whereby harsh parenting might be transmitted across generations. The model was tested using a sample of 451 2-parent families, each of which included a 7th grader. Both parent self-report and adolescent-report measures were utilized for the harsh parenting construct. Analysis using structural equation modeling procedures showed that grandparents who had
This research examines factors affecting school success for a sample of 196 fifth-eighth grade Am... more This research examines factors affecting school success for a sample of 196 fifth-eighth grade American Indian children from three reservations in the upper Midwest. The regression model included age, gender, family structure, parent occupation and income, maternal warmth, extracurricular activities, enculturation, and self-esteem. The results indicate that traditional culture positively affects the academic performance of fifth-eighth grade children. The bivariate
In the present study, we considered the utility of the prototype/willingness model in predicting ... more In the present study, we considered the utility of the prototype/willingness model in predicting alcohol use among North-American Indigenous adolescents. Specifically, using longitudinal data, we examined the associations among subjective drinking norms, positive drinker prototypes, drinking expectations (as a proxy of drinking willingness), and drinking behavior among a sample of Indigenous adolescents from ages 12 to 14 years. Using an autoregressive cross-lagged analysis, our results showed that subjective drinking norms and positive drinker prototypes at 12 years of age were associated with increased drinking expectations at 13 years of age, and that greater drinking expectations at 13 years of age were associated with increased drinking behavior at 14 years of age. Our results provide initial evidence that the prototype/willingness model may generalize to Indigenous adolescents, a population that has received little attention within the psychological sciences. Our results also ...
When we first met 16-year-old Shana she was spainging''(spare-changing) on the Ave. Sh... more When we first met 16-year-old Shana she was spainging''(spare-changing) on the Ave. She agreed to participate in the study because she could make enough money to buy pizza and drinks for herself and her boyfriend. They met at a church-sponsored shelter and had been ...
... The authors thank Kevin Yoder and anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. Please addr... more ... The authors thank Kevin Yoder and anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. Please address correspondence to Lisa Thrane, Wichita State University, 401 Lindquist Hall, Box 25, Wichita, KS 67260. e-mail: lisa.thrane@wichita.edu. Page 2. ...
This study compared multiple attempters, single attempters, ideators and non-suicidal homeless ad... more This study compared multiple attempters, single attempters, ideators and non-suicidal homeless adolescents from the Midwestern United States. The data were collected in 1999–2000 from youths aged 16–19 years. More than one-quarter (26.7%) of the 405 participants made multiple lifetime attempts, 9.8% attempted suicide once, 48.9% thought about – but did not attempt – suicide and 14.6% never attempted or thought
Path analysis was used to investigate factors associated with self-reported sexually transmitted ... more Path analysis was used to investigate factors associated with self-reported sexually transmitted diseases among 569 homeless and runaway adolescents in four Midwestern states. Youth were interviewed by outreach workers directly on the streets, in shelters, and in drop-in centers. Results indicated that family abuse was positively related to substance use, affiliation with friends who sold sex, and time on own. Early family abuse indirectly increased the likelihood of self-reported sexually transmitted diseases through time on own, substance use, friends selling sex, and risky sexual behaviors. Finally, substance use and affiliation with friends who sold sex was positively associated with risky sexual behaviors, which in turn was related to self-reported sexually transmitted diseases. No significant gender interactions were found for this model.
... 80 for girls, and .78 for the entire sample. Page 8. 382 WHITBECK, HOYT, ACKLEY RESULTS Homel... more ... 80 for girls, and .78 for the entire sample. Page 8. 382 WHITBECK, HOYT, ACKLEY RESULTS Homeless adolescents reported high levels of physical and sexual abuse. Over 80% had a caretaker throw something at them in anger, and 43% had ...
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Papers by Les Whitbeck