Docente/Investigador -Escuela de Ciencias Psicológicas-UNAH Especialidad en Métodos y Estadística en Ciencias Sociales-Universidad de Amsterdam Maestría en Metodologías de Investigación Económica y Social-UNAH
El siguiente informe presenta la fundamentación teórica y operativa de los círculos de lectura “C... more El siguiente informe presenta la fundamentación teórica y operativa de los círculos de lectura “Con Ciencia”, una iniciativa promovida desde la Maestría en Psicología Clínica de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras. “Con Ciencia” surge ante la necesidad de promover una cultura científica en la comunidad, tratando temas de la Psicología y las Ciencias Sociales. Únicamente se seleccionan artículos de reciente publicación en revistas de alto impacto. Los beneficiarios incluyen estudiantes y egresados a nivel de pregrado, maestría y doctorado, profesionales de la Psicología y de otros campos, tanto del contexto nacional como internacional.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
School-based detection and intervention are critical components in ensuring positive mental healt... more School-based detection and intervention are critical components in ensuring positive mental health in children, with teachers playing an essential role in assessing students’ well-being. The current research aims to be a pilot epidemiological study on positive school mental health in Malaga, Spain, using the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA). Data were collected in the COVID-19 pre-pandemic setting, using the Caregiver-Teacher Report Form (C-TRF) and the Teacher Report Form (TRF) in a sample of 420 children, who were between 5 and 8 years old at the time of the data collection. In 5-year-old children, the DSM-oriented scale with the highest clinical prevalence corresponds to attention deficit and hyperactivity problems (1.13%). In this same sub-sample, clinical levels of externalizing problems (4.52%) were non-significantly more common than internalizing conditions (1.69%). As for children between 6 and 8 years old, the DSM-oriented scale with the highest prev...
El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer las experiencias y reacciones psicológicas asociad... more El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer las experiencias y reacciones psicológicas asociadas al diagnóstico de COVID-19 en población hondureña. La metodología utilizada se enmarca en un enfoque cualitativo, con un diseño narrativo. La información fue recolectada por medio de entrevistas realizadas a un total de 35 sujetos adultos que hubiesen sido diagnosticados con COVID-19. Adicionalmente, como punto de triangulación, se incluyeron 5 entrevistas a personal médico trabajando en primera línea contra el COVID-19. Entre los temas prevalentes en el discurso de los informantes se evidencia que el diagnóstico positivo de COVID-19 tuvo efectos en el desarrollo cotidiano del sujeto, específicamente en lo referente a aspectos laborales, económicos y académicos. Además, los informantes comentan una serie de reacciones psicológicas, incluyendo sentimientos de culpa, ansiedad, depresión, preocupación por la salud propia y de los seres queridos, deterioro en la calidad de sueño, incertid...
The current study analyzed the relationship between Coronavirus (COVID-19) Awareness, mental heal... more The current study analyzed the relationship between Coronavirus (COVID-19) Awareness, mental health, and willingness to seek professional psychological help. This was made through a quantitative approach, using online questionnaires to collect data from 855 subjects. The questionnaires included the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-53) to measure mental health indicators, the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale–Short Form, and the Coronavirus Awareness Scale-10 (CAS-10). An Exploratory Factor Analysis suggests that three factors underlie the CAS-10: Coronavirus Concern, Exaggerated Perception, and Immunity Perception. Results indicate a significant positive correlation between Coronavirus Concern and both general anxiety and phobic anxiety symptoms. Immunity Perception is positively related to paranoid ideation and psychotic symptoms. A Mediation Analysis determined that Coronavirus Concern has a significant positive direct effect on Openness to Seeking Psychol...
El objetivo de la presente investigación fue conocer la actitud hacia la pena de muerte de los es... more El objetivo de la presente investigación fue conocer la actitud hacia la pena de muerte de los estudiantes de la carrera de Derecho. De manera específica, se describieron los resultados y se estudiaron en función al sexo, a la edad y a la religión de los informantes. Para ello, se utilizó un enfoque mixto, donde se recogieron y se analizaron los datos de manera cuantitativa y cualitativa. Se diseñó, validó y aplicó una Escala de Actitud hacia la Pena de Muerte, en una muestra de 340 estudiantes y una entrevista semiestructurada a 3 informantes. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos por medio de encuestas, los estudiantes presentaron una actitud indecisa hacia la pena de muerte y no se encontró diferencia significativa entre el sexo, la edad y la religión de los mismos. Por otro lado, desde el abordaje cualitativo, se encontró que los entrevistados se oponen a la pena de muerte desde argumentos legales, prácticos y morales. Estos resultados se discuten a la luz de teoría e investigac...
Background and purpose: Hospitalization is not always well assimilated by individuals, producing ... more Background and purpose: Hospitalization is not always well assimilated by individuals, producing anxiety and depression. However, these psychological reactions in hospitalized patients may be underestimated and not considered in treatment or recuperation processes. Considering this, the purpose of this study was to analyze the dynamic between depression and anxiety in patients of the Internal Medicine department of the Hospital Escuela Universitario (HEU), in Honduras. Additionally, anxiety and depression scores were compared regarding the respondent’s sex, toxic habits, and previous hospitalizations. Materials and methods: A quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional research method was used, taking a simple random sample of 92 patients from the Internal Medicine rooms of the HEU. Anxiety was measured through the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 Questionnaire (GAD-7) and depression was measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire- 9 (PHQ-9), demographic data was also collected b...
This qualitative study explores the meanings and experiences of COVID-19 concerns, confinement an... more This qualitative study explores the meanings and experiences of COVID-19 concerns, confinement and its relationship to mental health. It included 20 semi-structured interviews to 10 men and 10 women. It was found that there´re people concerned about their own health and their loved ones´. This can trigger psychosomatic reactions and anxiety. Other people underestimate the graveness of COVID-19 because they don´t consider themselves vulnerable. To be recurrently exposed to media information is stressful, so some people avoid it. Economic concern is also relevant due to reduced access to labor market and the suspension or decrease of income. Some informants are experiencing alterations in their eating and sleeping habits. Even though confinement limits leisure events, the informants have engaged in individual and familiar recreational activities.
Academic integrity should be a structural value for all higher education institutions. The presen... more Academic integrity should be a structural value for all higher education institutions. The present study describes the prevalence of, and attitudes towards, cheating, plagiarism and authorship misbehaviors in a sample of students from a public university in Honduras. This was conducted through a non-experimental quantitative methodology, using questionnaires. Results suggest that a considerable amount of the participants admitted they had either cheated on an assignment/test or helped someone else do it. Participants rated paying someone else to do one’s test as the most severe of the listed academic misbehaviors, followed by plagiarism, granting undeserved authorship, and data fabrication. Respondents with prior cheating experience tend to be more indulgent when rating the severity of those acts. Most students reported they had been warned about cheating on tests, assignments and plagiarism. Comparisons are also made by student’s sex and age. Results are discussed according to thei...
RATIONALE The purpose of the current study was to analyze the influence of coronavirus awareness,... more RATIONALE The purpose of the current study was to analyze the influence of coronavirus awareness, psychological stress responses, and sociodemographic variables on mental health indicators (somatization, depression, and anxiety) in residents of Honduras, Chile, Costa Rica, Mexico, and Spain. METHODS The study used a quantitative, cross-sectional approach. Data was collected online using the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (BSI-18); the Coronavirus Awareness Scale-6 (CAS-6) and a questionnaire that included psychological and sociodemographic questions. The total sample size consisted of 1559 respondents from Honduras (34%), Chile (29%), Costa Rica (17%), Mexico (11%), and Spain (9%). RESULTS The most common stress domains correspond to family (22.97%), financial (22.53%), academic (16.47%), leisure time constraints (14.23%), health (12.48%), peer group (7.63%), and religious concerns (3.69%). These domains are significantly associated with the respondent's country, sex, employment status, and being or not a health worker. Respondents who reported confinement stress also reported higher scores in anxiety, depression, and somatization. The Global Severity Index was significantly predicted by confinement stress, health, academic, and leisure time-related stress, sex, age, being a health worker, COVID-19 Personal Concern, and Perceived Seriousness. Non-significant predictors were employment status, the number of people at home, presence of older adults and children at home, financial, peer group, family, and religious concerns; the regression model had an R2 of 0.26. Similar analyses were conducted for somatization, depression, and anxiety subscales. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic has adverse effects on the mental health of the general population, particularly regarding anxiety, depression, and somatization. Specific populations, such as women and healthcare workers, are at particular risk of suffering a deterioration in mental wellbeing. The implications of the study for public policy are discussed.
The purpose of the current study was to determine the influence of moral injury and Light Triad (... more The purpose of the current study was to determine the influence of moral injury and Light Triad (LT) personality traits on anxiety and depression symptoms of health-care personnel during the coronavirus-2019 pandemic. A quantitative, cross-sectional research design was used, the study included a sample of 169 health-care workers from Honduras. Data was gathered through the Moral Injury Symptom Scale for Health Professionals (MISS-HP), Light Triad Scale (LTS), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, and the Patient-Health Questionnaire-9. Results suggest that almost 9 out of 10 respondents experienced at least one potentially morally injurious event, 45.6% were at significant risk of impairment related to moral injury. Working with limited staff and resources, and the implications of it, was the most common potentially morally injurious situation reported by the respondents. Results suggest that MISS-HP Mistrust has significant negative correlations with LT traits. A hierarchical regress...
Esta investigación tuvo el propósito de conocer las percepciones y experiencias de los habitantes... more Esta investigación tuvo el propósito de conocer las percepciones y experiencias de los habitantes de Distrito Central, Honduras, sobre los barrios cerrados. Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa, recolectando información vía entrevistas abiertas. Se percibe que habitar en barrios cerrados reduce el riesgo de ser víctimas de la criminalidad. Se consideran espacios seguros que permiten la interacción al aire libre y brindan protección a los bienes personales. Mientras los beneficiados los consideran necesarios para resguardarse de la inseguridad, quienes no viven en ellos piensan que los cierres de vías públicas son un problema. Además, existe una percepción ambivalente sobre la libertad en el barrio cerrado: hay quienes se sienten libres de circular, pero otros experimentan la sensación de encierro y vigilancia. El cierre y la vigilancia tienen costos económicos no accesibles para todos.
The present study analyzed the effects of Light and Dark Triad traits scores on Internet Gaming D... more The present study analyzed the effects of Light and Dark Triad traits scores on Internet Gaming Disorder, intrapersonal and interpersonal conflicts related to internet consumption, conflicts, and communicational emotional usage related to mobile phones. Light Triad traits include Faith in Humanity, Humanism, and Kantianism. Dark Triad traits include Machiavellianism, Narcissism, and Psychopathy. The study used a quantitative approach with a non-experimental design. The sample consisted of 450 adults of the Honduran population, of which 55.33% were women, and 44.67% were men, with an average mean age of 25.52 years (SD=6.79). Results indicate that Machiavellianism and Psychopathy scores have significant effects over Internet Gaming Disorder scores. Intrapersonal conflicts related to internet consumption were negatively affected by Narcissism scores and positively affected by Machiavellianism. Psychopathy scores explained interpersonal conflicts related to internet consumption scores....
The current study shows how symptoms of somatization, depression, and anxiety were affected by te... more The current study shows how symptoms of somatization, depression, and anxiety were affected by telework satisfaction and Zoom fatigue. This was made through a quantitative approach in a sample of 199 employees. Somatization, depression, and anxiety symptoms were measured through the BSI-18. The Zoom Exhaustion & Fatigue Scale (ZEFS) was used to evaluate different forms of videoconferencing fatigue, including visual, social, motivational, emotional, and general fatigue. The Work Satisfaction for Teleworkers Questionnaire (WSTQ) was used to measure telework satisfaction. Results indicate that somatization symptoms were significantly predicted by ZEFS-visual fatigue, ZEFS-motivational fatigue, and age. ZEFS-emotional fatigue and respondent's age, predicted depression symptoms. Anxiety scores were significantly predicted by ZEFS-emotional fatigue. When considering ZEFS, respondents' age, sex, and years working at the institution, satisfaction with telework was not related to any...
The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and anxie... more The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and anxiety in the Honduran population. This was made through a quantitative methodology, using the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). The sample consisted of 595 Honduran respondents, with a mean age of 25.10 years. The results suggest that female participants reported significantly higher scores in fear of COVID-19 and anxiety than men. A linear regression model determined that fear of COVID-19, sex and age were significant predictors of anxiety scores. The overall model had an r2 of 0.325, with fear of COVID-19 accounting for 29.9% of the variance in GAD-7 scores. The resulting model has a large effect size, f 2= 0.48. The results are discussed considering prior research and their psychosocial implications.
Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour
Abstract Considering that deaths and injuries due to run overs near pedestrian bridges (PB) are p... more Abstract Considering that deaths and injuries due to run overs near pedestrian bridges (PB) are preventable events, this research aims to analyze the factors related to the use of pedestrian bridges in students of a public university of Honduras. This was made through a quantitative methodology; 330 questionnaires were applied to a sample of university students. Results suggest that 17.27% of the respondents don’t use the bridge. Most respondents (62.42%) believe it’s faster to cross the street and that using the bridge is tiresome (79.90%). Pedestrian bridges are also considered to be unsafe places, prone to robberies. Pearson’s r coefficient determined that this belief is significantly associated with the perception of cleanliness, quality of the infrastructure and illumination. There is a correlation between stress and considering the use of the bridge as a tiresome activity. A logistic regression model determined that significant variables explained the use of the PB included: being in a hurry, believing it’s faster to cross the street, thinking that PBs have a bad infrastructure, laziness and thinking that using the PB is tiresome, all of them reducing the chance that someone will use the bridge. On the other hand, non-significant variables in the model included: age, considering that using the PB is stressful, thinking that crossing the street is stressful, thinking PBs have good illumination. Safety related variables were not able to discriminate between users and non-users. These results are discussed in the light of previous research and their implication for public policy and future research.
The current study documents homicide trends in Honduras from 2008 to 2018. Specifically, this stu... more The current study documents homicide trends in Honduras from 2008 to 2018. Specifically, this study describes demographics of homicide victims and incident profiles (ie, weapons) using homicide data from the Honduras National Police and census data from the National Institute of Statistics. A total of 58 543 homicide incidents were analysed. Results indicated that the homicide rate in Honduras increased from 2008 to 2011 and decreased substantially after 2011. In addition, the male homicide victimisation rate was significantly higher than the female homicide victimisation rate across the entire time period, with the highest rate for males aged 30–44 (233.4 per 100 000 population). Firearms were the weapons used most frequently in homicides (80.3%). Implications of the findings are discussed in light of public safety in Honduras.
El siguiente informe presenta la fundamentación teórica y operativa de los círculos de lectura “C... more El siguiente informe presenta la fundamentación teórica y operativa de los círculos de lectura “Con Ciencia”, una iniciativa promovida desde la Maestría en Psicología Clínica de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras. “Con Ciencia” surge ante la necesidad de promover una cultura científica en la comunidad, tratando temas de la Psicología y las Ciencias Sociales. Únicamente se seleccionan artículos de reciente publicación en revistas de alto impacto. Los beneficiarios incluyen estudiantes y egresados a nivel de pregrado, maestría y doctorado, profesionales de la Psicología y de otros campos, tanto del contexto nacional como internacional.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
School-based detection and intervention are critical components in ensuring positive mental healt... more School-based detection and intervention are critical components in ensuring positive mental health in children, with teachers playing an essential role in assessing students’ well-being. The current research aims to be a pilot epidemiological study on positive school mental health in Malaga, Spain, using the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA). Data were collected in the COVID-19 pre-pandemic setting, using the Caregiver-Teacher Report Form (C-TRF) and the Teacher Report Form (TRF) in a sample of 420 children, who were between 5 and 8 years old at the time of the data collection. In 5-year-old children, the DSM-oriented scale with the highest clinical prevalence corresponds to attention deficit and hyperactivity problems (1.13%). In this same sub-sample, clinical levels of externalizing problems (4.52%) were non-significantly more common than internalizing conditions (1.69%). As for children between 6 and 8 years old, the DSM-oriented scale with the highest prev...
El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer las experiencias y reacciones psicológicas asociad... more El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer las experiencias y reacciones psicológicas asociadas al diagnóstico de COVID-19 en población hondureña. La metodología utilizada se enmarca en un enfoque cualitativo, con un diseño narrativo. La información fue recolectada por medio de entrevistas realizadas a un total de 35 sujetos adultos que hubiesen sido diagnosticados con COVID-19. Adicionalmente, como punto de triangulación, se incluyeron 5 entrevistas a personal médico trabajando en primera línea contra el COVID-19. Entre los temas prevalentes en el discurso de los informantes se evidencia que el diagnóstico positivo de COVID-19 tuvo efectos en el desarrollo cotidiano del sujeto, específicamente en lo referente a aspectos laborales, económicos y académicos. Además, los informantes comentan una serie de reacciones psicológicas, incluyendo sentimientos de culpa, ansiedad, depresión, preocupación por la salud propia y de los seres queridos, deterioro en la calidad de sueño, incertid...
The current study analyzed the relationship between Coronavirus (COVID-19) Awareness, mental heal... more The current study analyzed the relationship between Coronavirus (COVID-19) Awareness, mental health, and willingness to seek professional psychological help. This was made through a quantitative approach, using online questionnaires to collect data from 855 subjects. The questionnaires included the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-53) to measure mental health indicators, the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale–Short Form, and the Coronavirus Awareness Scale-10 (CAS-10). An Exploratory Factor Analysis suggests that three factors underlie the CAS-10: Coronavirus Concern, Exaggerated Perception, and Immunity Perception. Results indicate a significant positive correlation between Coronavirus Concern and both general anxiety and phobic anxiety symptoms. Immunity Perception is positively related to paranoid ideation and psychotic symptoms. A Mediation Analysis determined that Coronavirus Concern has a significant positive direct effect on Openness to Seeking Psychol...
El objetivo de la presente investigación fue conocer la actitud hacia la pena de muerte de los es... more El objetivo de la presente investigación fue conocer la actitud hacia la pena de muerte de los estudiantes de la carrera de Derecho. De manera específica, se describieron los resultados y se estudiaron en función al sexo, a la edad y a la religión de los informantes. Para ello, se utilizó un enfoque mixto, donde se recogieron y se analizaron los datos de manera cuantitativa y cualitativa. Se diseñó, validó y aplicó una Escala de Actitud hacia la Pena de Muerte, en una muestra de 340 estudiantes y una entrevista semiestructurada a 3 informantes. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos por medio de encuestas, los estudiantes presentaron una actitud indecisa hacia la pena de muerte y no se encontró diferencia significativa entre el sexo, la edad y la religión de los mismos. Por otro lado, desde el abordaje cualitativo, se encontró que los entrevistados se oponen a la pena de muerte desde argumentos legales, prácticos y morales. Estos resultados se discuten a la luz de teoría e investigac...
Background and purpose: Hospitalization is not always well assimilated by individuals, producing ... more Background and purpose: Hospitalization is not always well assimilated by individuals, producing anxiety and depression. However, these psychological reactions in hospitalized patients may be underestimated and not considered in treatment or recuperation processes. Considering this, the purpose of this study was to analyze the dynamic between depression and anxiety in patients of the Internal Medicine department of the Hospital Escuela Universitario (HEU), in Honduras. Additionally, anxiety and depression scores were compared regarding the respondent’s sex, toxic habits, and previous hospitalizations. Materials and methods: A quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional research method was used, taking a simple random sample of 92 patients from the Internal Medicine rooms of the HEU. Anxiety was measured through the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 Questionnaire (GAD-7) and depression was measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire- 9 (PHQ-9), demographic data was also collected b...
This qualitative study explores the meanings and experiences of COVID-19 concerns, confinement an... more This qualitative study explores the meanings and experiences of COVID-19 concerns, confinement and its relationship to mental health. It included 20 semi-structured interviews to 10 men and 10 women. It was found that there´re people concerned about their own health and their loved ones´. This can trigger psychosomatic reactions and anxiety. Other people underestimate the graveness of COVID-19 because they don´t consider themselves vulnerable. To be recurrently exposed to media information is stressful, so some people avoid it. Economic concern is also relevant due to reduced access to labor market and the suspension or decrease of income. Some informants are experiencing alterations in their eating and sleeping habits. Even though confinement limits leisure events, the informants have engaged in individual and familiar recreational activities.
Academic integrity should be a structural value for all higher education institutions. The presen... more Academic integrity should be a structural value for all higher education institutions. The present study describes the prevalence of, and attitudes towards, cheating, plagiarism and authorship misbehaviors in a sample of students from a public university in Honduras. This was conducted through a non-experimental quantitative methodology, using questionnaires. Results suggest that a considerable amount of the participants admitted they had either cheated on an assignment/test or helped someone else do it. Participants rated paying someone else to do one’s test as the most severe of the listed academic misbehaviors, followed by plagiarism, granting undeserved authorship, and data fabrication. Respondents with prior cheating experience tend to be more indulgent when rating the severity of those acts. Most students reported they had been warned about cheating on tests, assignments and plagiarism. Comparisons are also made by student’s sex and age. Results are discussed according to thei...
RATIONALE The purpose of the current study was to analyze the influence of coronavirus awareness,... more RATIONALE The purpose of the current study was to analyze the influence of coronavirus awareness, psychological stress responses, and sociodemographic variables on mental health indicators (somatization, depression, and anxiety) in residents of Honduras, Chile, Costa Rica, Mexico, and Spain. METHODS The study used a quantitative, cross-sectional approach. Data was collected online using the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (BSI-18); the Coronavirus Awareness Scale-6 (CAS-6) and a questionnaire that included psychological and sociodemographic questions. The total sample size consisted of 1559 respondents from Honduras (34%), Chile (29%), Costa Rica (17%), Mexico (11%), and Spain (9%). RESULTS The most common stress domains correspond to family (22.97%), financial (22.53%), academic (16.47%), leisure time constraints (14.23%), health (12.48%), peer group (7.63%), and religious concerns (3.69%). These domains are significantly associated with the respondent's country, sex, employment status, and being or not a health worker. Respondents who reported confinement stress also reported higher scores in anxiety, depression, and somatization. The Global Severity Index was significantly predicted by confinement stress, health, academic, and leisure time-related stress, sex, age, being a health worker, COVID-19 Personal Concern, and Perceived Seriousness. Non-significant predictors were employment status, the number of people at home, presence of older adults and children at home, financial, peer group, family, and religious concerns; the regression model had an R2 of 0.26. Similar analyses were conducted for somatization, depression, and anxiety subscales. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic has adverse effects on the mental health of the general population, particularly regarding anxiety, depression, and somatization. Specific populations, such as women and healthcare workers, are at particular risk of suffering a deterioration in mental wellbeing. The implications of the study for public policy are discussed.
The purpose of the current study was to determine the influence of moral injury and Light Triad (... more The purpose of the current study was to determine the influence of moral injury and Light Triad (LT) personality traits on anxiety and depression symptoms of health-care personnel during the coronavirus-2019 pandemic. A quantitative, cross-sectional research design was used, the study included a sample of 169 health-care workers from Honduras. Data was gathered through the Moral Injury Symptom Scale for Health Professionals (MISS-HP), Light Triad Scale (LTS), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, and the Patient-Health Questionnaire-9. Results suggest that almost 9 out of 10 respondents experienced at least one potentially morally injurious event, 45.6% were at significant risk of impairment related to moral injury. Working with limited staff and resources, and the implications of it, was the most common potentially morally injurious situation reported by the respondents. Results suggest that MISS-HP Mistrust has significant negative correlations with LT traits. A hierarchical regress...
Esta investigación tuvo el propósito de conocer las percepciones y experiencias de los habitantes... more Esta investigación tuvo el propósito de conocer las percepciones y experiencias de los habitantes de Distrito Central, Honduras, sobre los barrios cerrados. Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa, recolectando información vía entrevistas abiertas. Se percibe que habitar en barrios cerrados reduce el riesgo de ser víctimas de la criminalidad. Se consideran espacios seguros que permiten la interacción al aire libre y brindan protección a los bienes personales. Mientras los beneficiados los consideran necesarios para resguardarse de la inseguridad, quienes no viven en ellos piensan que los cierres de vías públicas son un problema. Además, existe una percepción ambivalente sobre la libertad en el barrio cerrado: hay quienes se sienten libres de circular, pero otros experimentan la sensación de encierro y vigilancia. El cierre y la vigilancia tienen costos económicos no accesibles para todos.
The present study analyzed the effects of Light and Dark Triad traits scores on Internet Gaming D... more The present study analyzed the effects of Light and Dark Triad traits scores on Internet Gaming Disorder, intrapersonal and interpersonal conflicts related to internet consumption, conflicts, and communicational emotional usage related to mobile phones. Light Triad traits include Faith in Humanity, Humanism, and Kantianism. Dark Triad traits include Machiavellianism, Narcissism, and Psychopathy. The study used a quantitative approach with a non-experimental design. The sample consisted of 450 adults of the Honduran population, of which 55.33% were women, and 44.67% were men, with an average mean age of 25.52 years (SD=6.79). Results indicate that Machiavellianism and Psychopathy scores have significant effects over Internet Gaming Disorder scores. Intrapersonal conflicts related to internet consumption were negatively affected by Narcissism scores and positively affected by Machiavellianism. Psychopathy scores explained interpersonal conflicts related to internet consumption scores....
The current study shows how symptoms of somatization, depression, and anxiety were affected by te... more The current study shows how symptoms of somatization, depression, and anxiety were affected by telework satisfaction and Zoom fatigue. This was made through a quantitative approach in a sample of 199 employees. Somatization, depression, and anxiety symptoms were measured through the BSI-18. The Zoom Exhaustion & Fatigue Scale (ZEFS) was used to evaluate different forms of videoconferencing fatigue, including visual, social, motivational, emotional, and general fatigue. The Work Satisfaction for Teleworkers Questionnaire (WSTQ) was used to measure telework satisfaction. Results indicate that somatization symptoms were significantly predicted by ZEFS-visual fatigue, ZEFS-motivational fatigue, and age. ZEFS-emotional fatigue and respondent's age, predicted depression symptoms. Anxiety scores were significantly predicted by ZEFS-emotional fatigue. When considering ZEFS, respondents' age, sex, and years working at the institution, satisfaction with telework was not related to any...
The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and anxie... more The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and anxiety in the Honduran population. This was made through a quantitative methodology, using the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). The sample consisted of 595 Honduran respondents, with a mean age of 25.10 years. The results suggest that female participants reported significantly higher scores in fear of COVID-19 and anxiety than men. A linear regression model determined that fear of COVID-19, sex and age were significant predictors of anxiety scores. The overall model had an r2 of 0.325, with fear of COVID-19 accounting for 29.9% of the variance in GAD-7 scores. The resulting model has a large effect size, f 2= 0.48. The results are discussed considering prior research and their psychosocial implications.
Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour
Abstract Considering that deaths and injuries due to run overs near pedestrian bridges (PB) are p... more Abstract Considering that deaths and injuries due to run overs near pedestrian bridges (PB) are preventable events, this research aims to analyze the factors related to the use of pedestrian bridges in students of a public university of Honduras. This was made through a quantitative methodology; 330 questionnaires were applied to a sample of university students. Results suggest that 17.27% of the respondents don’t use the bridge. Most respondents (62.42%) believe it’s faster to cross the street and that using the bridge is tiresome (79.90%). Pedestrian bridges are also considered to be unsafe places, prone to robberies. Pearson’s r coefficient determined that this belief is significantly associated with the perception of cleanliness, quality of the infrastructure and illumination. There is a correlation between stress and considering the use of the bridge as a tiresome activity. A logistic regression model determined that significant variables explained the use of the PB included: being in a hurry, believing it’s faster to cross the street, thinking that PBs have a bad infrastructure, laziness and thinking that using the PB is tiresome, all of them reducing the chance that someone will use the bridge. On the other hand, non-significant variables in the model included: age, considering that using the PB is stressful, thinking that crossing the street is stressful, thinking PBs have good illumination. Safety related variables were not able to discriminate between users and non-users. These results are discussed in the light of previous research and their implication for public policy and future research.
The current study documents homicide trends in Honduras from 2008 to 2018. Specifically, this stu... more The current study documents homicide trends in Honduras from 2008 to 2018. Specifically, this study describes demographics of homicide victims and incident profiles (ie, weapons) using homicide data from the Honduras National Police and census data from the National Institute of Statistics. A total of 58 543 homicide incidents were analysed. Results indicated that the homicide rate in Honduras increased from 2008 to 2011 and decreased substantially after 2011. In addition, the male homicide victimisation rate was significantly higher than the female homicide victimisation rate across the entire time period, with the highest rate for males aged 30–44 (233.4 per 100 000 population). Firearms were the weapons used most frequently in homicides (80.3%). Implications of the findings are discussed in light of public safety in Honduras.
Este libro ofrece una breve descripción de los postulados teóricos que enmarcan el estudio del bi... more Este libro ofrece una breve descripción de los postulados teóricos que enmarcan el estudio del bienestar subjetivo. Posteriormente, se realiza una revisión de antecedentes empíricos que analizan la felicidad, en función a variables demográficas, sociales y económicas. Se propone la utilización de una Escala de Bienestar Subjetivo, determinando sus principales propiedades psicométricas. Finalmente, se discuten algunas observaciones respecto al abordaje cualitativo del bienestar subjetivo.
La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar las variables que influyen sobre la pobre... more La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar las variables que influyen sobre la pobreza subjetiva. Entre las variables de estudio se encuentra el sexo, la edad, ingreso económico absoluto, bienestar material y bienestar subjetivo. El enfoque de investigación se basa en una metodología cuantitativa, no experimental, transversal, de alcance explicativo. Tomando una muestra no probabilística de habitantes del casco urbano del municipio de Tatumbla, Honduras. El análisis bivariado indica que no existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el sexo y el bienestar subjetivo, en función a la pobreza subjetiva. Por otro lado, se encontró que el ingreso económico absoluto, el bienestar material y la edad del informante, difieren significativamente en función a la clasificación de pobreza subjetiva. Finalmente, se elaboró un modelo explicativo con la utilización de regresión logística binomial. Los resultados indican que tanto la edad, como el bienestar material, determinan la pobreza subjetiva. Mientras que el sexo, el bienestar subjetivo y el ingreso económico, no influyen significativamente sobre la clasificación de la pobreza subjetiva.
The current study analyzed whether people rated creative writing texts differently if they believ... more The current study analyzed whether people rated creative writing texts differently if they believed an Artificial Intelligence (AI) (ChatGPT) or a person was the author. A pilot experiment was designed. AI-generated texts were presented to a control and an experimental group. The stimuli included three poems and a short story. In all cases, the texts were created by ChatGPT; however, participants in the control group were told the texts were written by a person, while the experimental group was told the text was generated by ChatGPT. No statistically significant differences were found when comparing the control and experimental groups' scores regarding perceived creativity and originality of the texts, nor in how much enjoyment it caused and how likely participants were to recommend the texts to someone else. Therefore, preliminary evidence from this pilot study suggests that readers do not evaluate different, in terms of creative writing, a text attributed to a human authorship than one believed to have been written by an AI.
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El análisis bivariado indica que no existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el sexo y el bienestar subjetivo, en función a la pobreza subjetiva. Por otro lado, se encontró que el ingreso económico absoluto, el bienestar material y la edad del informante, difieren significativamente en función a la clasificación de pobreza subjetiva.
Finalmente, se elaboró un modelo explicativo con la utilización de regresión logística binomial. Los resultados indican que tanto la edad, como el bienestar material, determinan la pobreza subjetiva. Mientras que el sexo, el bienestar subjetivo y el ingreso económico, no influyen significativamente sobre la clasificación de la pobreza subjetiva.