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Eva C Winkler

Universität Heidelberg, National Center for Tumor Diseases, Faculty Member

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Current position
Attending physician and Head of the program “Ethics and Patient oriented Care in Oncology”, National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital,

Qualification and professional career
Since 2015 Extraordinary Professor University of Heidelberg
Since 2013 Project speaker of the EURAT-group (Marsilius-Kolleg)
2011 Habilitation, Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg and LMU Munich
Since 2011 Senior physician at the NCT, Department of Medical Oncology, Head of the program “Ethics and Patient oriented Care in Oncology
2006-2010 PhD at the University of Basel in Medical- and Health Care Ethics (summa cum laude)
2003-2004 Research Fellow at the Massachusetts General Hospital, Palliative Medicine
2003-2004 Faculty fellow at the Center for Ethics and the Professions, Harvard University
2002-2003 Research fellow at the Division of Medical Ethics, Harvard Medical School
1994-1997 Doctorate (Dr. med): German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg
Address: INF 460, 69120 Heidelberg
https://www.nct-heidelberg.de/forschung/nct-core-services/nct-epoc.html

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Papers by Eva C Winkler

Kernaussagen und Handlungsempfehlungen zu Organoiden

Organoide

Ärztlich assistierte Selbsttötung

NCT MOBILE Questionnaires

The NCT MOBILE trial was a single center randomized open label clinical trial to evaluate feasibi... more The NCT MOBILE trial was a single center randomized open label clinical trial to evaluate feasibility of patient-physician video consultations in oncological outpatients with solid tumors. After initiation of a cancer specific therapy 66 patients were randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, to receive video consultations via a dedicated smartphone application or in-person consultation at outpatient clinics. Secondary outcomes included time spent by patient and physician, patient satisfaction, and quality of physician-patient relationship as assessed by standardized and standardized validated questionnaires Q1&Q2. The outcome of the appointment was documented by the treating physician in the case report form and by the patient in questionnaire "Q1". Patients in the video call group were eligible to schedule further video calls <em>via </em>the mobile phone application. After completion of oncological therapy or 6 months after randomization patients in the video call ...

German Society of Hematology and Oncology Rationing Cancer Care: A Survey Among the Members of the

Implications of secondary findings for clinical contexts

Deciding how best to deal with unsought diagnostic or prognostic information provided by NGS tech... more Deciding how best to deal with unsought diagnostic or prognostic information provided by NGS techniques is one of the key issues for viable translation of genomics into clinical practice. The ACMG list of secondary findings is one strategy for resolving the issue of how to deal with “additional” genomic findings in adult care, but it is not the only model. Examples of clinical and translational genomics from the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, Germany, France, Japan, Singapore, Estonia, and the Canadian province of Quebec illustrate a range of approaches to secondary or additional findings. Other cases, including testing in pediatric and prenatal populations, testing for lifestyle or wellness applications, and neonatal screening illustrate the different clinical contexts in which secondary or additional findings must be considered. In each case, practical, organizational, economic, legal, and ethical aspects of dealing with secondary findings must be taken into account...

Financial toxicity in German cancer patients: How does a chronic disease impact the economic situation?

Annals of Oncology, 2018

Winkler EC, Mehlis K, Surmann B, et al. Financial toxicity in German cancer patients: How does a ... more

Organizational Ethics

The SAGE Handbook of Health Care Ethics: Core and Emerging Issues

Axel W. Bauer, Ralf-Dieter Hofheinz, Jochen S. Utikal (Hrsg) (2021) Ethical Challenges in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy

Ethik in der Medizin, 2022

Neither carrots nor sticks? Challenges surrounding data sharing from the perspective of research funding agencies—A qualitative expert interview study

PLOS ONE

Background Data Sharing is widely recognised as crucial for accelerating scientific research and ... more Background Data Sharing is widely recognised as crucial for accelerating scientific research and improving its quality. However, data sharing is still not a common practice. Funding agencies tend to facilitate the sharing of research data by both providing incentives and requiring data sharing as part of their policies and conditions for awarding grants. The goal of our article is to answer the following question: What challenges do international funding agencies see when it comes to their own efforts to foster and implement data sharing through their policies? Methods We conducted a series of sixteen guideline-based expert interviews with representatives of leading international funding agencies. As contact persons for open science at their respective agencies, they offered their perspectives and experiences concerning their organisations’ data sharing policies. We performed a qualitative content analysis of the interviews and categorised the challenges perceived by funding agencie...

Patients’ Willingness to Provide Their Clinical Data for Research Purposes and Acceptance of Different Consent Models: Findings From a Representative Survey of Patients With Cancer

Journal of Medical Internet Research

Background Secondary use of clinical data for biomedical research purposes holds great potential ... more Background Secondary use of clinical data for biomedical research purposes holds great potential for various types of noninterventional, data-driven studies. Patients’ willingness to support research with their clinical data is a crucial prerequisite for research progress. Objective The aim of the study was to learn about patients’ attitudes and expectations regarding secondary use of their clinical data. In a next step, our results can inform the development of an appropriate governance framework for secondary use of clinical data for research purposes. Methods A questionnaire was developed to assess the willingness of patients with cancer to provide their clinical data for biomedical research purposes, considering different conditions of data sharing and consent models. The Cancer Registry of the German federal state of Baden-Württemberg recruited a proportionally stratified random sample of patients with cancer and survivors of cancer based on a full census. Results In total, 838...

Individuelle finanzielle Belastungen infolge einer Krebserkrankung aus der Perspektive von Sozialdiensten in Deutschland

Zeitschrift für Evidenz, Fortbildung und Qualität im Gesundheitswesen, 2021

BACKGROUND In addition to physical, psychological and social effects, economic effects and the as... more BACKGROUND In addition to physical, psychological and social effects, economic effects and the associated financial burden of a cancer diagnosis may also gain in importance during prolonged disease progression. Counselling by social services is an important factor in coping with this burden. METHODS People employed in social work in oncology were invited to participate in a survey. The survey comprises 16 items on the perception of financial burdens, changes in the relevance of the topic, risk factors and current counselling practice. RESULTS 81% of the respondents reported that the financial burden arising from a cancer diagnosis is a relevant topic of consultation for at least half of the patients. For 55%, this topic has become more important in recent years, which is due to higher survival rates, an increased number of younger patients, and poorer social security and working conditions. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Despite comprehensive insurance coverage, the financial burden of cancer patients has also gained in importance in Germany and must be increasingly taken into account in everyday social service counselling. Due to numerous risk factors and complex reasons, further measures are required to enable the early identification of risk constellations and to improve the situation of those affected.

Patient-Reported Financial Distress in Cancer: A Systematic Review of Risk Factors in Universal Healthcare Systems

Cancers, 2021

Financial toxicity is a side effect of cancer that results from the perceived financial distress ... more Financial toxicity is a side effect of cancer that results from the perceived financial distress an individual may experience in the course of the disease. The purpose of this paper is to analyse underlying factors related to subjective financial distress in high-income countries with universal healthcare coverage. A systematic literature review was conducted to identify qualitative and quantitative studies of cancer patient-reported subjective financial distress by performing a search in the databases of PubMed, PsycINFO and CINAHL up to December 2020. A qualitative synthesis was performed linking the time-dependent occurrence of risk factors to derived categories of risk factors. Out of 4321 identified records, 30 quantitative and 16 qualitative studies were eligible. Classification of risk factors resulted in eight categories with a total of 34 subcategories. Subjective financial distress is primarily determined by pre-diagnosis sociodemographic- factors as well as financial and ...

Data protection-compliant broad consent for secondary use of health care data and human biosamples for (bio)medical research: towards a new German national standard

Background: The secondary use of deidentified but not anonymized patient data is a promising appr... more Background: The secondary use of deidentified but not anonymized patient data is a promising approach for enabling precision medicine and learning health care systems. In most national jurisdictions (e.g., in Europe and North America), this type of secondary use requires patient consent. While various ethical, legal, and technical analyses have stressed the opportunities and challenges for different types of consent over the past decade, no country has yet established a national consent standard accepted by the relevant authorities.Methods: A working group of the national Medical Informatics Initiative in Germany conducted a requirements analysis and developed a GDPR-compliant broad consent standard involving all relevant stakeholder groups and authorities.Results: This paper presents the broad consent text together with a guidance document on mandatory safeguards for broad consent implementation. The mandatory safeguards comprise i) independent review of individual research project...

How cancer patients and oncologist assess data-sharing and the risk of re-identification in genomic research? Ethical implications for informed consent and governance

Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2016

e18186Background: Data-sharing among genomic researchers is promoted for its potential to acceler... more

18PClinical outcome of personalised treatment guided by genome and transcriptome sequencing in patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms: Updated results from the German NCT/DKTK MASTER trial

Annals of Oncology, 2019

Background Therapeutic options for neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) are limited, and only few NEN p... more Background Therapeutic options for neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) are limited, and only few NEN patients have been treated according to their individual genomic profile. We report the molecular and clinical characteristics of a large NEN cohort that was studied by prospective whole-genome (WGS), whole-exome (WES), and transcriptome sequencing (TS) within the NCT/DKTK MASTER precision oncology program. Methods Between 2013 and 2018, a total of 115 patients with advanced, heavily pretreated NEN were enrolled. Primary sites were gastrointestinal (n = 30), pancreatic/hepatic (n = 33), pulmonary (n = 20), genitourinary (n = 13), head/neck (n = 6), and other regions (n = 11). Grading according to the 2017 and 2019 WHO classification was neuroendocrine tumor (NET) G1, n = 12; NET G2, n = 31; NET G3, n = 12; neuroendocrine carcinoma, n = 36; mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasm, n = 12; and other, n = 11. Results Of WES (n = 72) or WGS (n = 44) and TS (n = 92) were discussed in ...

Effiziente medizinische Forschung oder gläserner Patient? Szenarien der Big Data Medizin – Ethische und soziale Aspekte der Datenintegration im Gesundheitswesen

Ethik in der Medizin, 2019

Financial Toxicity in Cancer Patients: Impact of a Chronic Disease on Patients' Economic Situation and Psychosocial Outcomes

PPmP - Psychotherapie · Psychosomatik · Medizinische Psychologie, 2018

Sekundärnutzung klinischer Daten aus der Patientenversorgung für Forschungszwecke – Eine qualitative Interviewstudie zu Nutzen- und Risikopotenzialen aus Sicht von Expertinnen und Experten für den deutschen Forschungskontext

Datenreiche Medizin und das Problem der Einwilligung

ZusammenfassungDer Verwendung klinischer Daten zu Forschungszwecken wird großes Potenzial für ver... more ZusammenfassungDer Verwendung klinischer Daten zu Forschungszwecken wird großes Potenzial für verschiedene Arten von nicht-interventionellen, datengetriebenen Studien zugeschrieben. In Deutschland stellt eine solche Sekundärnutzung klinischer Daten allerdings bisher die Ausnahme dar. Für die Entwicklung eines entsprechenden nationalen Rahmenkonzeptes gilt es Nutzen und Risiken der Verwendung klinischer Daten zu Forschungszwecken abzuschätzen. Hierzu ist eine fundierte Abwägung von Nutzen und Risiken durch die Expertise und Erfahrungen relevanter nationaler Akteursgruppen erforderlich, um anhand deren Handlungspraxis die oftmals auf Hypothesen beruhende Literatur zu komplementieren. Die sozialempirische Forschung hat die Perspektive dieser Akteure in Deutschland bisher allerdings nicht systematisch beleuchtet. Ziel der vorliegenden empirischen Studie ist es daher, die Wahrnehmungen und Erwartungen der relevanten Akteursgruppen darzustellen und spezifische Bedarfe im Kontext wahrgenom...

Additional file 1 of The patient-level effect of the cost of Cancer care – financial burden in German Cancer patients

Additional file 1. Patient Survey in German language

Feasibility and sociopsychological impact of video consultations in medical oncology - a randomized controlled open label trial

BackgroundMobile phone video call applications generally did not undergo testing in randomized co... more BackgroundMobile phone video call applications generally did not undergo testing in randomized controlled clinical trials prior to their implementation in patient care regarding the rate of successful patient visits and impact on the physician-patient relationship.MethodsThe NCT MOBILE trial was a monocentric open-label randomized controlled clinical trial of patients with solid tumors undergoing systemic cancer therapy with need of a follow-up visit with their consulting physician at outpatient clinics. 66 patients were 1:1 randomized to receive either a standard in-person follow-up visit at outpatient clinics or a video callviaa mobile phone application. The primary outcome was feasibility defined as the number of successful appointments at the first follow up visit. Secondary outcomes included success rate of further video calls, time spent by patient and physician, patient satisfaction, and quality of physician-patient relationship.FindingsSuccess rate of the first follow up vis...

Kernaussagen und Handlungsempfehlungen zu Organoiden

Organoide

Ärztlich assistierte Selbsttötung

NCT MOBILE Questionnaires

The NCT MOBILE trial was a single center randomized open label clinical trial to evaluate feasibi... more The NCT MOBILE trial was a single center randomized open label clinical trial to evaluate feasibility of patient-physician video consultations in oncological outpatients with solid tumors. After initiation of a cancer specific therapy 66 patients were randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, to receive video consultations via a dedicated smartphone application or in-person consultation at outpatient clinics. Secondary outcomes included time spent by patient and physician, patient satisfaction, and quality of physician-patient relationship as assessed by standardized and standardized validated questionnaires Q1&Q2. The outcome of the appointment was documented by the treating physician in the case report form and by the patient in questionnaire "Q1". Patients in the video call group were eligible to schedule further video calls <em>via </em>the mobile phone application. After completion of oncological therapy or 6 months after randomization patients in the video call ...

German Society of Hematology and Oncology Rationing Cancer Care: A Survey Among the Members of the

Implications of secondary findings for clinical contexts

Deciding how best to deal with unsought diagnostic or prognostic information provided by NGS tech... more Deciding how best to deal with unsought diagnostic or prognostic information provided by NGS techniques is one of the key issues for viable translation of genomics into clinical practice. The ACMG list of secondary findings is one strategy for resolving the issue of how to deal with “additional” genomic findings in adult care, but it is not the only model. Examples of clinical and translational genomics from the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, Germany, France, Japan, Singapore, Estonia, and the Canadian province of Quebec illustrate a range of approaches to secondary or additional findings. Other cases, including testing in pediatric and prenatal populations, testing for lifestyle or wellness applications, and neonatal screening illustrate the different clinical contexts in which secondary or additional findings must be considered. In each case, practical, organizational, economic, legal, and ethical aspects of dealing with secondary findings must be taken into account...

Financial toxicity in German cancer patients: How does a chronic disease impact the economic situation?

Annals of Oncology, 2018

Winkler EC, Mehlis K, Surmann B, et al. Financial toxicity in German cancer patients: How does a ... more

Organizational Ethics

The SAGE Handbook of Health Care Ethics: Core and Emerging Issues

Axel W. Bauer, Ralf-Dieter Hofheinz, Jochen S. Utikal (Hrsg) (2021) Ethical Challenges in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy

Ethik in der Medizin, 2022

Neither carrots nor sticks? Challenges surrounding data sharing from the perspective of research funding agencies—A qualitative expert interview study

PLOS ONE

Background Data Sharing is widely recognised as crucial for accelerating scientific research and ... more Background Data Sharing is widely recognised as crucial for accelerating scientific research and improving its quality. However, data sharing is still not a common practice. Funding agencies tend to facilitate the sharing of research data by both providing incentives and requiring data sharing as part of their policies and conditions for awarding grants. The goal of our article is to answer the following question: What challenges do international funding agencies see when it comes to their own efforts to foster and implement data sharing through their policies? Methods We conducted a series of sixteen guideline-based expert interviews with representatives of leading international funding agencies. As contact persons for open science at their respective agencies, they offered their perspectives and experiences concerning their organisations’ data sharing policies. We performed a qualitative content analysis of the interviews and categorised the challenges perceived by funding agencie...

Patients’ Willingness to Provide Their Clinical Data for Research Purposes and Acceptance of Different Consent Models: Findings From a Representative Survey of Patients With Cancer

Journal of Medical Internet Research

Background Secondary use of clinical data for biomedical research purposes holds great potential ... more Background Secondary use of clinical data for biomedical research purposes holds great potential for various types of noninterventional, data-driven studies. Patients’ willingness to support research with their clinical data is a crucial prerequisite for research progress. Objective The aim of the study was to learn about patients’ attitudes and expectations regarding secondary use of their clinical data. In a next step, our results can inform the development of an appropriate governance framework for secondary use of clinical data for research purposes. Methods A questionnaire was developed to assess the willingness of patients with cancer to provide their clinical data for biomedical research purposes, considering different conditions of data sharing and consent models. The Cancer Registry of the German federal state of Baden-Württemberg recruited a proportionally stratified random sample of patients with cancer and survivors of cancer based on a full census. Results In total, 838...

Individuelle finanzielle Belastungen infolge einer Krebserkrankung aus der Perspektive von Sozialdiensten in Deutschland

Zeitschrift für Evidenz, Fortbildung und Qualität im Gesundheitswesen, 2021

BACKGROUND In addition to physical, psychological and social effects, economic effects and the as... more BACKGROUND In addition to physical, psychological and social effects, economic effects and the associated financial burden of a cancer diagnosis may also gain in importance during prolonged disease progression. Counselling by social services is an important factor in coping with this burden. METHODS People employed in social work in oncology were invited to participate in a survey. The survey comprises 16 items on the perception of financial burdens, changes in the relevance of the topic, risk factors and current counselling practice. RESULTS 81% of the respondents reported that the financial burden arising from a cancer diagnosis is a relevant topic of consultation for at least half of the patients. For 55%, this topic has become more important in recent years, which is due to higher survival rates, an increased number of younger patients, and poorer social security and working conditions. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Despite comprehensive insurance coverage, the financial burden of cancer patients has also gained in importance in Germany and must be increasingly taken into account in everyday social service counselling. Due to numerous risk factors and complex reasons, further measures are required to enable the early identification of risk constellations and to improve the situation of those affected.

Patient-Reported Financial Distress in Cancer: A Systematic Review of Risk Factors in Universal Healthcare Systems

Cancers, 2021

Financial toxicity is a side effect of cancer that results from the perceived financial distress ... more Financial toxicity is a side effect of cancer that results from the perceived financial distress an individual may experience in the course of the disease. The purpose of this paper is to analyse underlying factors related to subjective financial distress in high-income countries with universal healthcare coverage. A systematic literature review was conducted to identify qualitative and quantitative studies of cancer patient-reported subjective financial distress by performing a search in the databases of PubMed, PsycINFO and CINAHL up to December 2020. A qualitative synthesis was performed linking the time-dependent occurrence of risk factors to derived categories of risk factors. Out of 4321 identified records, 30 quantitative and 16 qualitative studies were eligible. Classification of risk factors resulted in eight categories with a total of 34 subcategories. Subjective financial distress is primarily determined by pre-diagnosis sociodemographic- factors as well as financial and ...

Data protection-compliant broad consent for secondary use of health care data and human biosamples for (bio)medical research: towards a new German national standard

Background: The secondary use of deidentified but not anonymized patient data is a promising appr... more Background: The secondary use of deidentified but not anonymized patient data is a promising approach for enabling precision medicine and learning health care systems. In most national jurisdictions (e.g., in Europe and North America), this type of secondary use requires patient consent. While various ethical, legal, and technical analyses have stressed the opportunities and challenges for different types of consent over the past decade, no country has yet established a national consent standard accepted by the relevant authorities.Methods: A working group of the national Medical Informatics Initiative in Germany conducted a requirements analysis and developed a GDPR-compliant broad consent standard involving all relevant stakeholder groups and authorities.Results: This paper presents the broad consent text together with a guidance document on mandatory safeguards for broad consent implementation. The mandatory safeguards comprise i) independent review of individual research project...

How cancer patients and oncologist assess data-sharing and the risk of re-identification in genomic research? Ethical implications for informed consent and governance

Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2016

e18186Background: Data-sharing among genomic researchers is promoted for its potential to acceler... more

18PClinical outcome of personalised treatment guided by genome and transcriptome sequencing in patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms: Updated results from the German NCT/DKTK MASTER trial

Annals of Oncology, 2019

Background Therapeutic options for neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) are limited, and only few NEN p... more Background Therapeutic options for neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) are limited, and only few NEN patients have been treated according to their individual genomic profile. We report the molecular and clinical characteristics of a large NEN cohort that was studied by prospective whole-genome (WGS), whole-exome (WES), and transcriptome sequencing (TS) within the NCT/DKTK MASTER precision oncology program. Methods Between 2013 and 2018, a total of 115 patients with advanced, heavily pretreated NEN were enrolled. Primary sites were gastrointestinal (n = 30), pancreatic/hepatic (n = 33), pulmonary (n = 20), genitourinary (n = 13), head/neck (n = 6), and other regions (n = 11). Grading according to the 2017 and 2019 WHO classification was neuroendocrine tumor (NET) G1, n = 12; NET G2, n = 31; NET G3, n = 12; neuroendocrine carcinoma, n = 36; mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasm, n = 12; and other, n = 11. Results Of WES (n = 72) or WGS (n = 44) and TS (n = 92) were discussed in ...

Effiziente medizinische Forschung oder gläserner Patient? Szenarien der Big Data Medizin – Ethische und soziale Aspekte der Datenintegration im Gesundheitswesen

Ethik in der Medizin, 2019

Financial Toxicity in Cancer Patients: Impact of a Chronic Disease on Patients' Economic Situation and Psychosocial Outcomes

PPmP - Psychotherapie · Psychosomatik · Medizinische Psychologie, 2018

Sekundärnutzung klinischer Daten aus der Patientenversorgung für Forschungszwecke – Eine qualitative Interviewstudie zu Nutzen- und Risikopotenzialen aus Sicht von Expertinnen und Experten für den deutschen Forschungskontext

Datenreiche Medizin und das Problem der Einwilligung

ZusammenfassungDer Verwendung klinischer Daten zu Forschungszwecken wird großes Potenzial für ver... more ZusammenfassungDer Verwendung klinischer Daten zu Forschungszwecken wird großes Potenzial für verschiedene Arten von nicht-interventionellen, datengetriebenen Studien zugeschrieben. In Deutschland stellt eine solche Sekundärnutzung klinischer Daten allerdings bisher die Ausnahme dar. Für die Entwicklung eines entsprechenden nationalen Rahmenkonzeptes gilt es Nutzen und Risiken der Verwendung klinischer Daten zu Forschungszwecken abzuschätzen. Hierzu ist eine fundierte Abwägung von Nutzen und Risiken durch die Expertise und Erfahrungen relevanter nationaler Akteursgruppen erforderlich, um anhand deren Handlungspraxis die oftmals auf Hypothesen beruhende Literatur zu komplementieren. Die sozialempirische Forschung hat die Perspektive dieser Akteure in Deutschland bisher allerdings nicht systematisch beleuchtet. Ziel der vorliegenden empirischen Studie ist es daher, die Wahrnehmungen und Erwartungen der relevanten Akteursgruppen darzustellen und spezifische Bedarfe im Kontext wahrgenom...

Additional file 1 of The patient-level effect of the cost of Cancer care – financial burden in German Cancer patients

Additional file 1. Patient Survey in German language

Feasibility and sociopsychological impact of video consultations in medical oncology - a randomized controlled open label trial

BackgroundMobile phone video call applications generally did not undergo testing in randomized co... more BackgroundMobile phone video call applications generally did not undergo testing in randomized controlled clinical trials prior to their implementation in patient care regarding the rate of successful patient visits and impact on the physician-patient relationship.MethodsThe NCT MOBILE trial was a monocentric open-label randomized controlled clinical trial of patients with solid tumors undergoing systemic cancer therapy with need of a follow-up visit with their consulting physician at outpatient clinics. 66 patients were 1:1 randomized to receive either a standard in-person follow-up visit at outpatient clinics or a video callviaa mobile phone application. The primary outcome was feasibility defined as the number of successful appointments at the first follow up visit. Secondary outcomes included success rate of further video calls, time spent by patient and physician, patient satisfaction, and quality of physician-patient relationship.FindingsSuccess rate of the first follow up vis...

Improved Evidence Will Support Sound Decision Making but Will Not Solve the Problem of Cost Containment in Oncology AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

by Daniel Strech and Eva C Winkler