The industrial produced rails can include some failures without damaging. Even that if the ruptur... more The industrial produced rails can include some failures without damaging. Even that if the rupture propagation reaches a critical size, it become of the breaking. The fracture mechanics suggest many different theories to determinate the fracture. The continuous monitoring of the rails surface state is necessary to assure the uninterrupted and safe transportation. Összefoglalás A nagy tömegben gyártott sín anyagok tartalmazhatnak hibákat, melyek még nem okoznak károsodást. Amennyiben azonban a keletkezett repedés növekedni kezd, elérheti azt a kritikus méretet mely már törést okoz. A törésmechanika számos elméletet dolgozott ki, mely méretezés során alapul szolgálhat. A repedések folyamatos ellenőrzése a sínpálya állapotfelügyelet tehát elengedhetetlen a folyamatos és biztonságos szállítás, közlekedés biztosításához.
Napjainkban a világ népessége exponenciálisan növekszik és urbanizál egyre nagyobb területeket, e... more Napjainkban a világ népessége exponenciálisan növekszik és urbanizál egyre nagyobb területeket, ezzel új, eddig még nem ismert problémákat és feladatokat gördítve a városokat üzemeltetők elé. Hosszútávon elengedhetetlenül fontos a fenntarthatóbb és élhetőbb városi rendszerek létrehozása, ezzel javítva a városlakók életminőségét. Manapság számos különböző nézőpontú tanulmány jelenik meg az "okos” városokkal kapcsolatban. Azonban kevés esetben foglalkoznak az okos város létrehozásának egy összetett ember központú kialakításának aspektusával. Tanulmányunkban az okos város, mint komplex rendszer egy alrendszerére koncentrálunk. Ez pedig az okos közlekedés. A városokban a megoldandó kihívások között szerepel, az egyre nagyobb embertömeg közlekedése. A jelenlegi városi közlekedési rendszereknek kialakításukkor még más elvek szerint kerültek létrehozásra. A városok fejlődésének köszönhetően szükség lesz a közösségi közlekedés reformjára is, hogy az emberek biztonságosabban, gyorsabban és egyszerűbben eljussanak céljukhoz. Az okos rendszerek tervezésének alapgondolata a kommunikáció alapú működés teljes körű megvalósítása a különféle egységek között, ennek a kommunikációnak végső soron egységes formátuma kell, hogy legyen. Ilyen lehetőség lehet számunkra az közlekedési rendszerek fejlesztése kapcsán az 5G vagy C2X kommunikációs technológiák.
A Hell egy hazai gyártású energiaital, és magyar tulajdonban lévő vállalat. A világ egyik leggyor... more A Hell egy hazai gyártású energiaital, és magyar tulajdonban lévő vállalat. A világ egyik leggyorsabban fejlődő FMCG márkája, ami 2006-ban született és 2009-re piacvezető is lett a magyar piacon. 2012-re a Hell energiaital már 30 országban volt kapható, minden szempontból stabil háttérrel rendelkezik, a fellépő környezeti hatásokra jól reagál, állandó növekvési tendenciát mutat, és elsősorban az egyetemisták korosztályát célozza. A cikk a Hell Energy Drink Magyarország Kft.-re vonatkozóan mutatja be az egyes marketing eszközöket és sikertényezőket.
One of the main remarks of the InnoTrans 2016 was the digitalisation of railway industry and its ... more One of the main remarks of the InnoTrans 2016 was the digitalisation of railway industry and its future challenges. Digitalisation brings a new possibility for the future of the railway industry. The Digital Age and the digital development of transportation also contribute to the competitiveness of European Rail Industry. Keywords: Digital-Age, Railway, ICT, Industry 4.0, roadmap
One of the main characteristics of a smart city is smart mobility. Therefore, our study focuses o... more One of the main characteristics of a smart city is smart mobility. Therefore, our study focuses on some questions related to smart mobility, especially on the development of intelligent railway. We examine the role of intelligent management systems in the improvement of railway safety. Thus, the present article deals with the reasons for the establishment of an intelligence-based smart city as well as one of its substantial elements: smart mobility. The main scope of this article is the technical viability of intelligent railway systems.
In the present study the motivation for developing an intelligent system in transportation is dis... more In the present study the motivation for developing an intelligent system in transportation is discussed. With regard to the driving forces, the aims of developing the smart systems in the future will be explored. The basic concepts of the envisioned system are defined in order to avoid any problems with creating the real model. The technical and technological questions of the implementation are also examined. For this reason, besides basic conditions considered during the development of the intelligent system, particular attention will be paid to the safety risks of software and hardware products. This is especially true for devices that require minimal human control, or, in case of railway, machine-controlled trains. The aim is, clearly, to ensure the highest reliability of these systems. The question is how this aim can be achieved and how can the probability of failure be reduced to the greatest extent possible.
The GSM-R system, which is not yet fully implemented in Hungary, will undoubtedly bring about sig... more The GSM-R system, which is not yet fully implemented in Hungary, will undoubtedly bring about significant changes to the Hungarian railway. These changes give rise to numerous questions-even to specialists-in connection with its future operation. The purpose of this article is to give an overview on the present state of the implementation of the system, to outline the existing and pre-planned GSM-R systems in Europe, and to introduce the international regulations and requirements ensuring the reliable operation of the system and its interoperability between countries.
Through the examples of recent accidents in Hungary and abroad, we will reveal the possible reaso... more Through the examples of recent accidents in Hungary and abroad, we will reveal the possible reasons for the release of dangerous goods into the environment, and, considering these accidents, we will draw conclusions for the safety of rail transport of dangerous goods. While examining the situation of the rail transport of dangerous goods in Hungary, we will present the fundamental concepts and regulations of the transport of dangerous goods in Europe. Today the system of the transport of dangerous goods greatly relies on manual recording and identification methods. Our aim is to provide the ICT bases for tracking the transport of such goods and monitoring their storage conditions, by making suggestions for the development of a monitoring and tracking system to increase the safety of the rail transport system, provide protection for the critical rail infrastructure and ensure the safety of the transport of dangerous goods.
In the fields of building automation, energetics, telecommunication, etc. smart technologies emer... more In the fields of building automation, energetics, telecommunication, etc. smart technologies emerged a long time ago. These technologies have been developing fast ever since; in railway applications as well. Many parallelisms can be found between railway applications and those mentioned above. The usage of state of the art smart elements makes cost efficient operation and service improvement possible, and it also assures critical infrastructure protection. Railway interlocking systems may be part of this application field. The 2014-2020 Multiannual Financial Framework of the EU has allocated 740 billion HUF for railway infrastructure development in Hungary. This financial framework provides the means to pay more attention to the deveopment of the theoretical and the practical background of intelligent railway systems. In this paper we deal with the implementation of smart railway technologies, which use ambient and self-organized network. At the end of this article the role and importance of ITS (Intelligent Transport System) in the smart city is also mentioned.
Self-driving cars, metros and airplanes are instances of today’s industrial revolution. The intel... more Self-driving cars, metros and airplanes are instances of today’s industrial revolution. The intelligent infrastructure within and between Smart Cities is growing. The spread of intelligent transport systems (ITS) is nonstop; the significance of self-driving cars, which are capable of autonomous operation, shows it well. We must change our laws, and we have to become “smart people” (just as we are on the list of the elements of the Smart City) with regard to the use of new technology. The information collection and storing of the intelligent (and in the future, smart) systems is becoming more and more critical, as we have to face the problem of big data. In the present study we are trying to find answers for the following question: why rail transport, in spite of the examples listed above, does not intend to incorporate the – already existing – automation, intelligent and smart solutions in the long run, with the help of which the prevention of railway accidents could be improved. For instance, vehicle-vehicle communication could appear as an extra option even in case of moving block railway systems.
How to implement an intelligent railway system in
Hungary. According to Bjorn Hesskan (Railway in... more How to implement an intelligent railway system in Hungary. According to Bjorn Hesskan (Railway industry consultant): „The rise of data systems within the industry has been gathering pace over the last decade. These days, IT is about as essential as coal was to the Victorians – if your data environment isn't robust enough, then you just can't run your railway.” [1] In this study the motivation for developing an intelligent system in transportation is discussed. The aims for developing smart structures will need to be examined in the future.
Recently, there have been done numerous investigations related to lean manufacturing techniques. ... more Recently, there have been done numerous investigations related to lean manufacturing techniques. However, very little has been reported about the implementation and selection of lean manufacturing in the Kosovo manufacturing industry. This article presents the application of lean tools through Kosovo manufacturing industries and the selection of the most useful lean techniques for developing a model for an innovative smart Kosovo enterprise which is our initiative in the process of preparing Kosovo enterprises for the new age of industry—Industry 4.0. After several visits through Kosovo enterprises, the literature review has noticed that there is no investigation in the selection and implementation of lean techniques and tools in Kosovo enterprises. The purpose was to understand how Kosovo manufacturing enterprises use lean techniques and which are the most useful techniques. Analyses have been done based on interviews and questionnaires. Seven basic lean techniques are selected bas...
In addition to mechanical changes automation plays an increasingly important role in the evolutio... more In addition to mechanical changes automation plays an increasingly important role in the evolution of vehicles. The development of autonomous automobiles is the driving force behind the evolution of the information technology (IT) infrastructure in vehicles. Self-reliance requires more and more automation. Enhanced level of automation requires increased operational reliability. This will also resulting an increased level of safety in the cyberspace of vehicles. Endangering cyberspace can also come from a threat of natural and human origin. IT security is the protection against threats of natural origin. It includes protection against natural and technological impacts. For these reasons, it is important to increase IT security in the IT infrastructure of vehicles. This article examines IT security increasing system building technologies from the aspect of the overall IT infrastructure of vehicles. These technologies enable faster processing, increased availability and greater flexibility. The study requires the creation of a new vehicle automation categorization. Technologies are examined according to these new categories and the functional layers of the general IT infrastructure.
Our article is discussing the methodical basics of planning smart mobility. Smart mobility is one... more Our article is discussing the methodical basics of planning smart mobility. Smart mobility is one the main elements of a smart system. According to the methodology presented in our article, transportation in a smart city can be developed in a safe form, focusing on two main elements: safety and security planning of smart mobility. Intelligent (transportation) infrastructures and autonomous intelligent vehicles will be integrated in a common system in order to achieve the digital transformation of the transportation system. The aim of this research is to examine questions raised in relation to the control and communication of autonomous vehicles and vehicle systems. The development of autonomous intelligent vehicles and vehicle systems is based on the further development of the cooperating intelligent transportation systems to achieve smart mobility. The research aims to find such methods and procedures which help the safety planning of increasingly complex cyber-physical systems and system elements used in autonomous intelligent vehicles and transport systems, in view of aspects of safety and operational risks.
The present article focuses on the research and development planning for innovative railway syste... more The present article focuses on the research and development planning for innovative railway systems. Within such a general framework, the specific objectives of the research have been defined within the framework of a large Intelligent Railway System project in Hungary. Our theoretical research work at the university is combined with practical experience gained at the Hungarian State Railways. In the course of this research work, the development of an intelligent railway system has been investigated by leveraging on the fruitful cooperation between academic and industrial partners, in order to promote the application and integration possibilities of the development results, as well as the introduction of innovative components in the railway system. In such a context, this article discusses the research plan, preliminary and long-term expected results, sharing objectives and experiences with the aim of providing novel views in an extremely current and challenging field of research.
Building and operating a smart city can only be based on solid foundations. However, such solid f... more Building and operating a smart city can only be based on solid foundations. However, such solid foundations-for example architectural, mechanical, IT, security, etc. factors-are unavailable or incomplete in most cases. Consequently, the process should begin with their design and construction. A construction site and its arrangement changes day by day. The building process of the structure of a building may be an important change, as, for example, after the substructure phase, the construction of a new level is completed in every two weeks, or after finishing the structure, the internal walls and the infrastructure of the building are added. These changes on the site, and the resources, needs, rules, and (work) processes necessary for such changes also keep changing. From the aspect of safety-science this means that new threats appear, the frequency of potential risks changes, and the extent of damage changes. The purpose of this article is to briefly describe the security issues relating to the building processes of smart cities, highlighting the field of information security.
Transport infrastructures are part of the global transport architecture. The operation of each na... more Transport infrastructures are part of the global transport architecture. The operation of each nation's transport infrastructure is essential for the sustainability of national economies. Therefore, these systems are considered as critical infrastructures from the perspective of national security. It is understandable that smart mobility is one of the indicators of the smart city concept. An important element of the transportation system is the IT infrastructure, which is connected to the local systems of smart cities. In the system of a smart city the central management subsystem is the server component and the moving objects are the client devices. Autonomous vehicles can obtain the information they need for transport from their on-board equipment, from the central control of the smart city or from each other. The most important requirement of the autonomous vehicle's own system is high availability with adequate performance. For this reason, it is worth examining the applicability of availability-enhancing technologies in these vehicles. This article examines the adaptations of the cloud system requirements and cloud building technologies in the infocommunication system of autonomous vehicles.
The present article focuses on the research and development planning for innovative railway syste... more The present article focuses on the research and development planning for innovative railway systems. Within such a general framework, the specific objectives of the research have been defined within the framework of a large Intelligent Railway System project in Hungary. Our theoretical research work at the university is combined with practical experience gained at the Hungarian State Railways. In the course of this research work, the development of an intelligent railway system has been investigated by leveraging on the fruitful cooperation between academic and industrial partners, in order to promote the application and integration possibilities of the development results, as well as the introduction of innovative components in the railway system. In such a context, this article discusses the research plan, preliminary and long-term expected results, sharing objectives and experiences with the aim of providing novel views in an extremely current and challenging field of research.
The industrial produced rails can include some failures without damaging. Even that if the ruptur... more The industrial produced rails can include some failures without damaging. Even that if the rupture propagation reaches a critical size, it become of the breaking. The fracture mechanics suggest many different theories to determinate the fracture. The continuous monitoring of the rails surface state is necessary to assure the uninterrupted and safe transportation.
The industrial produced rails can include some failures without damaging. Even that if the ruptur... more The industrial produced rails can include some failures without damaging. Even that if the rupture propagation reaches a critical size, it become of the breaking. The fracture mechanics suggest many different theories to determinate the fracture. The continuous monitoring of the rails surface state is necessary to assure the uninterrupted and safe transportation. Összefoglalás A nagy tömegben gyártott sín anyagok tartalmazhatnak hibákat, melyek még nem okoznak károsodást. Amennyiben azonban a keletkezett repedés növekedni kezd, elérheti azt a kritikus méretet mely már törést okoz. A törésmechanika számos elméletet dolgozott ki, mely méretezés során alapul szolgálhat. A repedések folyamatos ellenőrzése a sínpálya állapotfelügyelet tehát elengedhetetlen a folyamatos és biztonságos szállítás, közlekedés biztosításához.
Napjainkban a világ népessége exponenciálisan növekszik és urbanizál egyre nagyobb területeket, e... more Napjainkban a világ népessége exponenciálisan növekszik és urbanizál egyre nagyobb területeket, ezzel új, eddig még nem ismert problémákat és feladatokat gördítve a városokat üzemeltetők elé. Hosszútávon elengedhetetlenül fontos a fenntarthatóbb és élhetőbb városi rendszerek létrehozása, ezzel javítva a városlakók életminőségét. Manapság számos különböző nézőpontú tanulmány jelenik meg az "okos” városokkal kapcsolatban. Azonban kevés esetben foglalkoznak az okos város létrehozásának egy összetett ember központú kialakításának aspektusával. Tanulmányunkban az okos város, mint komplex rendszer egy alrendszerére koncentrálunk. Ez pedig az okos közlekedés. A városokban a megoldandó kihívások között szerepel, az egyre nagyobb embertömeg közlekedése. A jelenlegi városi közlekedési rendszereknek kialakításukkor még más elvek szerint kerültek létrehozásra. A városok fejlődésének köszönhetően szükség lesz a közösségi közlekedés reformjára is, hogy az emberek biztonságosabban, gyorsabban és egyszerűbben eljussanak céljukhoz. Az okos rendszerek tervezésének alapgondolata a kommunikáció alapú működés teljes körű megvalósítása a különféle egységek között, ennek a kommunikációnak végső soron egységes formátuma kell, hogy legyen. Ilyen lehetőség lehet számunkra az közlekedési rendszerek fejlesztése kapcsán az 5G vagy C2X kommunikációs technológiák.
A Hell egy hazai gyártású energiaital, és magyar tulajdonban lévő vállalat. A világ egyik leggyor... more A Hell egy hazai gyártású energiaital, és magyar tulajdonban lévő vállalat. A világ egyik leggyorsabban fejlődő FMCG márkája, ami 2006-ban született és 2009-re piacvezető is lett a magyar piacon. 2012-re a Hell energiaital már 30 országban volt kapható, minden szempontból stabil háttérrel rendelkezik, a fellépő környezeti hatásokra jól reagál, állandó növekvési tendenciát mutat, és elsősorban az egyetemisták korosztályát célozza. A cikk a Hell Energy Drink Magyarország Kft.-re vonatkozóan mutatja be az egyes marketing eszközöket és sikertényezőket.
One of the main remarks of the InnoTrans 2016 was the digitalisation of railway industry and its ... more One of the main remarks of the InnoTrans 2016 was the digitalisation of railway industry and its future challenges. Digitalisation brings a new possibility for the future of the railway industry. The Digital Age and the digital development of transportation also contribute to the competitiveness of European Rail Industry. Keywords: Digital-Age, Railway, ICT, Industry 4.0, roadmap
One of the main characteristics of a smart city is smart mobility. Therefore, our study focuses o... more One of the main characteristics of a smart city is smart mobility. Therefore, our study focuses on some questions related to smart mobility, especially on the development of intelligent railway. We examine the role of intelligent management systems in the improvement of railway safety. Thus, the present article deals with the reasons for the establishment of an intelligence-based smart city as well as one of its substantial elements: smart mobility. The main scope of this article is the technical viability of intelligent railway systems.
In the present study the motivation for developing an intelligent system in transportation is dis... more In the present study the motivation for developing an intelligent system in transportation is discussed. With regard to the driving forces, the aims of developing the smart systems in the future will be explored. The basic concepts of the envisioned system are defined in order to avoid any problems with creating the real model. The technical and technological questions of the implementation are also examined. For this reason, besides basic conditions considered during the development of the intelligent system, particular attention will be paid to the safety risks of software and hardware products. This is especially true for devices that require minimal human control, or, in case of railway, machine-controlled trains. The aim is, clearly, to ensure the highest reliability of these systems. The question is how this aim can be achieved and how can the probability of failure be reduced to the greatest extent possible.
The GSM-R system, which is not yet fully implemented in Hungary, will undoubtedly bring about sig... more The GSM-R system, which is not yet fully implemented in Hungary, will undoubtedly bring about significant changes to the Hungarian railway. These changes give rise to numerous questions-even to specialists-in connection with its future operation. The purpose of this article is to give an overview on the present state of the implementation of the system, to outline the existing and pre-planned GSM-R systems in Europe, and to introduce the international regulations and requirements ensuring the reliable operation of the system and its interoperability between countries.
Through the examples of recent accidents in Hungary and abroad, we will reveal the possible reaso... more Through the examples of recent accidents in Hungary and abroad, we will reveal the possible reasons for the release of dangerous goods into the environment, and, considering these accidents, we will draw conclusions for the safety of rail transport of dangerous goods. While examining the situation of the rail transport of dangerous goods in Hungary, we will present the fundamental concepts and regulations of the transport of dangerous goods in Europe. Today the system of the transport of dangerous goods greatly relies on manual recording and identification methods. Our aim is to provide the ICT bases for tracking the transport of such goods and monitoring their storage conditions, by making suggestions for the development of a monitoring and tracking system to increase the safety of the rail transport system, provide protection for the critical rail infrastructure and ensure the safety of the transport of dangerous goods.
In the fields of building automation, energetics, telecommunication, etc. smart technologies emer... more In the fields of building automation, energetics, telecommunication, etc. smart technologies emerged a long time ago. These technologies have been developing fast ever since; in railway applications as well. Many parallelisms can be found between railway applications and those mentioned above. The usage of state of the art smart elements makes cost efficient operation and service improvement possible, and it also assures critical infrastructure protection. Railway interlocking systems may be part of this application field. The 2014-2020 Multiannual Financial Framework of the EU has allocated 740 billion HUF for railway infrastructure development in Hungary. This financial framework provides the means to pay more attention to the deveopment of the theoretical and the practical background of intelligent railway systems. In this paper we deal with the implementation of smart railway technologies, which use ambient and self-organized network. At the end of this article the role and importance of ITS (Intelligent Transport System) in the smart city is also mentioned.
Self-driving cars, metros and airplanes are instances of today’s industrial revolution. The intel... more Self-driving cars, metros and airplanes are instances of today’s industrial revolution. The intelligent infrastructure within and between Smart Cities is growing. The spread of intelligent transport systems (ITS) is nonstop; the significance of self-driving cars, which are capable of autonomous operation, shows it well. We must change our laws, and we have to become “smart people” (just as we are on the list of the elements of the Smart City) with regard to the use of new technology. The information collection and storing of the intelligent (and in the future, smart) systems is becoming more and more critical, as we have to face the problem of big data. In the present study we are trying to find answers for the following question: why rail transport, in spite of the examples listed above, does not intend to incorporate the – already existing – automation, intelligent and smart solutions in the long run, with the help of which the prevention of railway accidents could be improved. For instance, vehicle-vehicle communication could appear as an extra option even in case of moving block railway systems.
How to implement an intelligent railway system in
Hungary. According to Bjorn Hesskan (Railway in... more How to implement an intelligent railway system in Hungary. According to Bjorn Hesskan (Railway industry consultant): „The rise of data systems within the industry has been gathering pace over the last decade. These days, IT is about as essential as coal was to the Victorians – if your data environment isn't robust enough, then you just can't run your railway.” [1] In this study the motivation for developing an intelligent system in transportation is discussed. The aims for developing smart structures will need to be examined in the future.
Recently, there have been done numerous investigations related to lean manufacturing techniques. ... more Recently, there have been done numerous investigations related to lean manufacturing techniques. However, very little has been reported about the implementation and selection of lean manufacturing in the Kosovo manufacturing industry. This article presents the application of lean tools through Kosovo manufacturing industries and the selection of the most useful lean techniques for developing a model for an innovative smart Kosovo enterprise which is our initiative in the process of preparing Kosovo enterprises for the new age of industry—Industry 4.0. After several visits through Kosovo enterprises, the literature review has noticed that there is no investigation in the selection and implementation of lean techniques and tools in Kosovo enterprises. The purpose was to understand how Kosovo manufacturing enterprises use lean techniques and which are the most useful techniques. Analyses have been done based on interviews and questionnaires. Seven basic lean techniques are selected bas...
In addition to mechanical changes automation plays an increasingly important role in the evolutio... more In addition to mechanical changes automation plays an increasingly important role in the evolution of vehicles. The development of autonomous automobiles is the driving force behind the evolution of the information technology (IT) infrastructure in vehicles. Self-reliance requires more and more automation. Enhanced level of automation requires increased operational reliability. This will also resulting an increased level of safety in the cyberspace of vehicles. Endangering cyberspace can also come from a threat of natural and human origin. IT security is the protection against threats of natural origin. It includes protection against natural and technological impacts. For these reasons, it is important to increase IT security in the IT infrastructure of vehicles. This article examines IT security increasing system building technologies from the aspect of the overall IT infrastructure of vehicles. These technologies enable faster processing, increased availability and greater flexibility. The study requires the creation of a new vehicle automation categorization. Technologies are examined according to these new categories and the functional layers of the general IT infrastructure.
Our article is discussing the methodical basics of planning smart mobility. Smart mobility is one... more Our article is discussing the methodical basics of planning smart mobility. Smart mobility is one the main elements of a smart system. According to the methodology presented in our article, transportation in a smart city can be developed in a safe form, focusing on two main elements: safety and security planning of smart mobility. Intelligent (transportation) infrastructures and autonomous intelligent vehicles will be integrated in a common system in order to achieve the digital transformation of the transportation system. The aim of this research is to examine questions raised in relation to the control and communication of autonomous vehicles and vehicle systems. The development of autonomous intelligent vehicles and vehicle systems is based on the further development of the cooperating intelligent transportation systems to achieve smart mobility. The research aims to find such methods and procedures which help the safety planning of increasingly complex cyber-physical systems and system elements used in autonomous intelligent vehicles and transport systems, in view of aspects of safety and operational risks.
The present article focuses on the research and development planning for innovative railway syste... more The present article focuses on the research and development planning for innovative railway systems. Within such a general framework, the specific objectives of the research have been defined within the framework of a large Intelligent Railway System project in Hungary. Our theoretical research work at the university is combined with practical experience gained at the Hungarian State Railways. In the course of this research work, the development of an intelligent railway system has been investigated by leveraging on the fruitful cooperation between academic and industrial partners, in order to promote the application and integration possibilities of the development results, as well as the introduction of innovative components in the railway system. In such a context, this article discusses the research plan, preliminary and long-term expected results, sharing objectives and experiences with the aim of providing novel views in an extremely current and challenging field of research.
Building and operating a smart city can only be based on solid foundations. However, such solid f... more Building and operating a smart city can only be based on solid foundations. However, such solid foundations-for example architectural, mechanical, IT, security, etc. factors-are unavailable or incomplete in most cases. Consequently, the process should begin with their design and construction. A construction site and its arrangement changes day by day. The building process of the structure of a building may be an important change, as, for example, after the substructure phase, the construction of a new level is completed in every two weeks, or after finishing the structure, the internal walls and the infrastructure of the building are added. These changes on the site, and the resources, needs, rules, and (work) processes necessary for such changes also keep changing. From the aspect of safety-science this means that new threats appear, the frequency of potential risks changes, and the extent of damage changes. The purpose of this article is to briefly describe the security issues relating to the building processes of smart cities, highlighting the field of information security.
Transport infrastructures are part of the global transport architecture. The operation of each na... more Transport infrastructures are part of the global transport architecture. The operation of each nation's transport infrastructure is essential for the sustainability of national economies. Therefore, these systems are considered as critical infrastructures from the perspective of national security. It is understandable that smart mobility is one of the indicators of the smart city concept. An important element of the transportation system is the IT infrastructure, which is connected to the local systems of smart cities. In the system of a smart city the central management subsystem is the server component and the moving objects are the client devices. Autonomous vehicles can obtain the information they need for transport from their on-board equipment, from the central control of the smart city or from each other. The most important requirement of the autonomous vehicle's own system is high availability with adequate performance. For this reason, it is worth examining the applicability of availability-enhancing technologies in these vehicles. This article examines the adaptations of the cloud system requirements and cloud building technologies in the infocommunication system of autonomous vehicles.
The present article focuses on the research and development planning for innovative railway syste... more The present article focuses on the research and development planning for innovative railway systems. Within such a general framework, the specific objectives of the research have been defined within the framework of a large Intelligent Railway System project in Hungary. Our theoretical research work at the university is combined with practical experience gained at the Hungarian State Railways. In the course of this research work, the development of an intelligent railway system has been investigated by leveraging on the fruitful cooperation between academic and industrial partners, in order to promote the application and integration possibilities of the development results, as well as the introduction of innovative components in the railway system. In such a context, this article discusses the research plan, preliminary and long-term expected results, sharing objectives and experiences with the aim of providing novel views in an extremely current and challenging field of research.
The industrial produced rails can include some failures without damaging. Even that if the ruptur... more The industrial produced rails can include some failures without damaging. Even that if the rupture propagation reaches a critical size, it become of the breaking. The fracture mechanics suggest many different theories to determinate the fracture. The continuous monitoring of the rails surface state is necessary to assure the uninterrupted and safe transportation.
Smart, sustainable and safe cities. But how can a traditional metropolis achieve this complex aim... more Smart, sustainable and safe cities. But how can a traditional metropolis achieve this complex aim? What facts are go handed together with the sustainability and the safety expected by the townsmen? How could we improve our city better all by ourselves? What kinds of technological side has got a smart city’s construction and development? We could easily illustrate the answers several numbers from among the urban infrastructures. At the same time in our sight the urban traffic infrastructure in the city's fabric such as the vascular system which encompassed human bodies. The vehicular traffic in cities is almost look likes the flow of the blood in our body. Accordingly, we will point out the local transport system of the city only subjective way. The reason of the above applied method is that we would like to analyze the main qualities of the clever city transport subsystem.
1950 óta a világ lakossága exponenciálisan nőtt,
átlagosan éves szinten 1,2% -ot. Az Egyesült
Nem... more 1950 óta a világ lakossága exponenciálisan nőtt, átlagosan éves szinten 1,2% -ot. Az Egyesült Nemzetek előrejelzése szerint a világ népessége a következő évtizedekben nagymértékben növekedni fog, azaz 13 éven belül eléri a 8,5 milliárd főt, amely várhatóan 2050-re 9,7 milliárd főre fog növekedni. Az urbanizáció ütemét és folyamatosságát jól mutatja, hogy a prognosztizáció szerint 2050-re a világ népességének közel 66%-a városlakó lesz. Az emberiség problémái nagyrészt a városokban összpontosulnak. Ennek oka a területi népességsűrűség, az épületek sokasága és az infrastruktúra-hálózatok koncentrálódásában is rejlik...
Today, railway operation procedures include the transportation of large amount of hazardous subst... more Today, railway operation procedures include the transportation of large amount of hazardous substances. Our research has been motivated by the desire to find concrete and urgent solutions to the safety issues of handling waste generated manly in case of accidents and disaster situations during the transportation of hazardous substances In order to ensure safety in the transportation of dangerous goods, and to facilitate the fast and efficient waste handling of hazardous substances released into the environment during unexpected events, we have elaborated a new method, in which we suggest the radiofrequency identification of dangerous consignments in case of disaster situations by the use of drones.
Using software became a part of our everyday life, in the last few decades. Software is widely us... more Using software became a part of our everyday life, in the last few decades. Software is widely used in areas, such as national defence, aeronautics and astronautics, medicine or even transport. There are 100 million lines of codes in a modern high-end car’s engine control unit. In comparison, the Space Shuttle needs 400 000, the F22 fighter jet needs less than 2 million, the Boeing 787 airplane needs 14 million and the Facebook needs more than 60 million lines of codes to function. Even a smaller error can lead to devastating consequences in safety-critical systems, such as those operating in vehicles. There have been several examples in recent years, when an automotive recall was necessary due to dangerous software, and there were cases when these errors presumably caused fatal accidents. Definition of software reliability is the error-free working probability of software for a specified period of time under well-defined environment. Usage of software is inevitable. It can be found in every vehicle to control almost everything. Therefore software can be considered as a critical success factor and it has a strong effect on the reliability of the whole system. The software systems are getting more and more complex. Known fact is a more complex system has more possibility to have errors. The most difficult problem is that the traditional methods of reliability cannot be used. For example fatigue and wearing of mechanical parts or features of lubricant systems can be calculated quite well, since we have enough prior knowledge on their features. Unfortunately, in case of software systems this knowledge is missing. This paper deals with the question of software reliability. In the first part it lists the problems and the second part gives some mathematical issues to calculate working probability.
Vehicles, whose functions are enriched with attributes to increase safety, environmental awarenes... more Vehicles, whose functions are enriched with attributes to increase safety, environmental awareness, effectiveness, comfort level and prestige, so that they can play a key role in creating optimal mobility, are now being invented, planned and manufactured for general use. Throughout the full spectrum of transport, vehicles will soon exempt people from the routine of driving. If people do not need to drive their cars, will their driving skills deteriorate or will they entirely fail to develop this skill later on? Is this threatening us in the near future? What are the latest research results and regulations on autonomous vehicles? What are the actual advantages of vehicle automation? We are trying to find the answers to these questions in our article, while analysing and systematizing information from the national and international literature on the development of intelligent vehicles by examining the interaction between various ground transport vehicles, and the related developments on the subject. Our goal is to create automatic intelligent vehicle systems, within the concept of intelligent infrastructures and smart cities. The paper provides an FMEA analysis of intelligent vehicles. To decrease the explored deficiencies in the present system, applicable proposals are formulated about development areas, such as forming a communication between vehicular traffic and railed vehicles. We feel that such developments are important steps in increasing traffic safety, and we regard them as elements of intelligent transport.
Digitalisation of the railway industry and its future challenges were among the main topics at th... more Digitalisation of the railway industry and its future challenges were among the main topics at the 2016 International Trade Fair for Transport Technology (InnoTrans). Digitalisation presents a new opportunity for the future of the railway industry. The digital age and the digital development of transportation also contribute to the competitiveness of the European rail industry. In Hungary, we have been conducting scientific research with the purpose of developing an intelligent railway system within the intelligent transport system since 2014. In 2017, the consortium partners will launch a research and development project worth over EUR 9.5 million. The primary goal is to build an economical branch line railway system that benefits from the advantages of IP-based technologies and artificial intelligence.
In 2014, a future route was planned between Rotterdam and Vienna, where – in the coming years - t... more In 2014, a future route was planned between Rotterdam and Vienna, where – in the coming years - they want to realize the first cross-Europe corridor of the cooperative, intelligent transport system. Even in everyday life, we hear about the increased use of autonomous vehicles now. We are now able to come across driverless metros from Budapest to Paris. The marketable variation of the different automated vehicles (such as buses, truck, cars) are being developed and tested. We’ve been witnessing the success and failure of some of the early models. According to this, the Europe-wide mobility will – with the networking of the various transportation systems and spreading of the individual and public transportation that is capable of autonomous operation - probably change the verticum of the whole society, which will create one of the essential pillars of the intelligent city
The present study examines the driving forces behind smart city implementations. Besides the resu... more The present study examines the driving forces behind smart city implementations. Besides the results of international and European standardization efforts, the importance of holistic approach to cities and the issues of cities as complex systems will also be discussed. Furthermore, the relationship between cyber-physical systems and smart cities will be presented, and finally, certain conclusions will be drawn about the safety and security of smart cities. The urban structures and technological advances presented in this article mark the arrival of the next industrial revolution, which means that these intelligent and smart systems will cover all aspects of life.
The future of the Russian and Hungarian economy is largely dependent on the development of SMEs. ... more The future of the Russian and Hungarian economy is largely dependent on the development of SMEs. For both countries the development of this segment becomes a priority (it creates most of the new jobs and provides private sector employment), taking into account the difficult situation in the economy. In order to support small and medium-sized enterprises governments introduce new strategies on national and international level. The present article endeavours to make a comparative analysis of the SME sector in Russia and Hungary by investigating each development policies, identifying challenges and propose recommendations to improve the situation, using experience of both countries. Keywords: Hungary, Russia, SME sector, entrepreneurship, Strategy of SME development up to 2030, Small Business Act 2015
СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ МАЛОГО И СРЕДНЕГО БИЗНЕСА В РОССИИ И ВЕНГРИИ
Будущее российской и венгерской экономики во многом зависит от развития малого и среднего бизнеса. Учитывая сложную ситуацию в мировой экономике, развитие это- го сегмента становится приоритетом (он создает большую часть новых рабочих мест и обеспечивает занятость в частном секторе). В целях поддержки малого и среднего бизнеса правительства обеих стран разрабатывают новые стратегии на национальном и международном уровне. В представленной статье проводится сравнительный анализ малого и среднего бизнеса в России и Венгрии. Авторы сопоставляют политику, проводимую правитель- ствами обеих стран, определяют существующие проблемы и предлагают рекоменда- ции по улучшению ситуации.
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are the backbone of Hungary's and the European economy.... more Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are the backbone of Hungary's and the European economy. They represent 99% of all businesses in the European Union. In the past five years, they have created 85% of new jobs and provided two-thirds of the total private sector employment in the EU. As a result, the economic growth depends on the sector's development ability. Since SMEs are the most important source of employment in the European Union, several national and international programs are intended to enhance entrepreneurship and increase the growth of its turnover. Does the SME sector show a rising trend? What are the characteristics of Hungarian SMEs according to EU and world standards? What are the achievements of the SME development policy in Europe and Hungary? How to improve the national indicators?
Prof. Dr. Stépán Gábor: DINAMIKAI JELENSÉGEK A FORGALMI DUGÓKBAN • DYNAMICAL PHENOMENA IN TRAFFIC... more Prof. Dr. Stépán Gábor: DINAMIKAI JELENSÉGEK A FORGALMI DUGÓKBAN • DYNAMICAL PHENOMENA IN TRAFFIC JAMS Dr. Bitay Enikő: TECHNIKATÖRTÉNETI KUTATÁSOK ÉS MŰSZAKI ÖRÖKSÉGVÉDELEM ERDÉLYBEN • THE HISTORY OF TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH AND THE PROTECTION OF TECHNICAL HERITAGE IN TRANSYLVANIA Barabás Botond: NI AS A RAPID PROTOTYPING ENABLING TECHNOLOGY PROVIDER IN THE SMART CITY ERA Dr. Dalibor Dobrilović: APPROACH IN EXPLORING WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY PERFORMANCE IN SMART CITY ENVIRONMENTS Dr. Kovács Tünde Anna: A KÜLÖNBÖZŐ TUDOMÁNYTERÜLETEK EGYÜTTMŰKÖDÉSE AZ IPAR 4.0 MEGVALÓSÍTÁSÁÉRT • THE DIFFERENT SCIENCE DISTRICT INTEGRATION FOR REALIZE THE INDUSTRY 4.0 Kulcsár Sándor: OKOS VÁROS KONCEPCIÓ MAGYARORSZÁGON – VÍZIÓK VS. VALÓSÁG • SMART CITY CONCEPT IN HUNGARY – VISIONS VS. REALITY Dr. Lados Mihály: OKOS VÁROS MODELLEK MAGYARORSZÁGON • SMART CITY ATTITUDES OF HUNGARIAN CITIES Prof. Dr. Rajnai Zoltán: SMART INFRASTRUKTÚRÁK BIZTONSÁGA • SECURITY OF SMART INFRASTRUCTURE Dr. Popa-Müller Izolda: KÁROSODÁSI FOLYAMATOK KINETIKÁJÁNAK BECSLÉSE • THE PREDICTION OF DAMAGE PROCESS KINETICS Albini Attila: A FELHŐ-TECHNOLÓGIÁK ELMÉLETI VIZSGÁLATA • THEORETICAL STUDY OF CLOUD TECHNOLOGIES Iványi Tamás: „OKOSTURISTA” AZ OKOS VÁROSBAN – MULTIDIMENZIÓS MODELL A KÖZÖSSÉGI MÉDIA ÉS AZ OKOSTELEFONTECHNOLÓGIÁK FELHASZNÁLÁSÁRA A VÁROSMARKETINGBEN • SMART TOURISTS IN A SMART CITY - A MULTIDIMENSIONAL MODEL FOR CITY MARKETING USING SMARTPHONES AND SOCIAL MEDIA Varga Péter: A REVIEW ON THE ELECTRIC CURRENT EFFECT ON THE IRRECOVERABLE DEFORMATION OF METALS Wisnovszky Gábor György: A PEER-TO-PEER ONLINE PIACOK LAKÁSPIACRA GYAKOROLT HATÁSAI • HOW “SMART” PEER-TO-PEER ONLINE MARKETPLACES CHANGE THE HOUSING MARKET Tusor Balázs: SZEMÉLYRE SZABOTT ÉTKEZÉSI TANÁCSADÓ- EGY INTELLIGENS TÉR ALKALMAZÁS • PERSONALIZED DIETARY ASSISTANT - AN INTELLIGENT SPACE APPLICATION Szabó Zsolt Mihály: NYUGDÍJASOK - SMART CITY? - EGY ÉRTELMES NYUGDÍJRENDSZER LEHETŐSÉGEI • PENSIONERS IN SMART CITY - A VIEW OF AN INTELLIGENT PENSION SYSTEM Szilágyi Győző Attila: KÜLÖNBÖZŐ NAGYVÁROSOK KÖZÖSSÉGI KÖZLEKEDÉSI HÁLÓZATAINAK TOPOLÓGIAI VIZSGÁLATA A HÁLÓZATOK SEBEZHETŐSÉGE SZEMPONTJÁBÓL • TOPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE PUBLIC TRANSPORT NETWORK OF THE DIFFERENT CITIES FROM THE ASPECT OF NETWORK VULNERABILITY Nyikes Zoltán: A DIGITÁLIS KOMPETENCIA, KULCS A JÖVŐHÖZ • DIGITAL COMPETENCE, KEY TO THE FUTURE Kiss Leizer Géza Károly: KATASZTRÓFÁK SORÁN KELETKEZŐ HULLADÉKOKBIZTONSÁGTECHNIKAI KÉRDÉSEI A FOLYAMI, TAVI ÉS TENGERI KÖZLEKEDÉSBEN •RIVER, LAKE AND SEA TRAFFIC SAFETY ISSUES REGARDING WASTE GENERATED DURING DISASTERS Werner Gábor: AZ EMBERI VISELKEDÉSI MINTÁK KINYERÉSE MESTERSÉGES INTELLIGENCIA SEGÍTSÉGÉVEL • PATTERN EXTRACTION OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR WITH ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Szabó Anikó: AZ EMBERI ALKALMAZKODÁS TÁMOGATÁSA AZ OBJEKTUMVÉDELEMBEN • STANDING FOR THE HUMAN ADJUSTMENT TO THE SAFEGUARDING Bréda Gábor: OKOS VÁROS OKOS TÁRGYALÓINAK BIZTONSÁGI KIHÍVÁSAI • THE SECURITY CHALLENGES OF SMART MEETING ROOMS IN SMART CITIES Hell Péter: DRÓNOK AZ OKOS VÁROSBAN • DRONES IN SMART CITIES Tokody Dániel: MOBILITÁS 4.0 - AUTONÓM INTELLIGENS JÁRMŰVEK • MOBILITY 4.0 - AUTONOMOUS INTELLIGENT VEHICLE Tokody Dániel: MOBILITÁS 4.0 - AZ ÚJ EURÓPAI TREND: A DIGITÁLIS VASÚT? AVAGY VAN-E MAGYAR DIGITÁLIS VASÚTI STRATÉGIA? • MOBILITY 4.0 - A NEW TREND IN EUROPE? IS THERE ANY STRATEGY OF THE HUNGARIAN DIGITAL RAILWAY FOR SMART MOBILITY IN A SMART CITY?
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Conference Paper by Dániel Tokody
Keywords: Digital-Age, Railway, ICT, Industry 4.0, roadmap
DOI: 10.1109/SACI.2016.7507394
The basic concepts of the envisioned system are defined in order to avoid any problems with creating the real model. The technical and technological questions of the implementation are also examined. For this reason, besides basic conditions considered during the development of the intelligent system, particular attention will be paid to the safety risks of software and hardware products. This is
especially true for devices that require minimal human
control, or, in case of railway, machine-controlled trains.
The aim is, clearly, to ensure the highest reliability of these
systems. The question is how this aim can be achieved and
how can the probability of failure be reduced to the greatest
extent possible.
Hungary. According to Bjorn Hesskan (Railway industry
consultant): „The rise of data systems within the industry has
been gathering pace over the last decade. These days, IT is about
as essential as coal was to the Victorians – if your data
environment isn't robust enough, then you just can't run your
railway.” [1] In this study the motivation for developing an
intelligent system in transportation is discussed. The aims for
developing smart structures will need to be examined in the
future.
Papers by Dániel Tokody
Keywords: Digital-Age, Railway, ICT, Industry 4.0, roadmap
DOI: 10.1109/SACI.2016.7507394
The basic concepts of the envisioned system are defined in order to avoid any problems with creating the real model. The technical and technological questions of the implementation are also examined. For this reason, besides basic conditions considered during the development of the intelligent system, particular attention will be paid to the safety risks of software and hardware products. This is
especially true for devices that require minimal human
control, or, in case of railway, machine-controlled trains.
The aim is, clearly, to ensure the highest reliability of these
systems. The question is how this aim can be achieved and
how can the probability of failure be reduced to the greatest
extent possible.
Hungary. According to Bjorn Hesskan (Railway industry
consultant): „The rise of data systems within the industry has
been gathering pace over the last decade. These days, IT is about
as essential as coal was to the Victorians – if your data
environment isn't robust enough, then you just can't run your
railway.” [1] In this study the motivation for developing an
intelligent system in transportation is discussed. The aims for
developing smart structures will need to be examined in the
future.
átlagosan éves szinten 1,2% -ot. Az Egyesült
Nemzetek előrejelzése szerint a világ népessége
a következő évtizedekben nagymértékben
növekedni fog, azaz 13 éven belül eléri a 8,5 milliárd
főt, amely várhatóan 2050-re 9,7 milliárd
főre fog növekedni. Az urbanizáció ütemét és
folyamatosságát jól mutatja, hogy a prognosztizáció
szerint 2050-re a világ népességének
közel 66%-a városlakó lesz. Az emberiség problémái
nagyrészt a városokban összpontosulnak.
Ennek oka a területi népességsűrűség, az épületek
sokasága és az infrastruktúra-hálózatok
koncentrálódásában is rejlik...
Software Reliability of Complex Systems Focus for Intelligent Vehicles. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/315639588_Software_Reliability_of_Complex_Systems_Focus_for_Intelligent_Vehicles
An Overview of Autonomous Intelligent Vehicle Systems. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/315639407_An_Overview_of_Autonomous_Intelligent_Vehicle_Systems
countries the development of this segment becomes a priority (it creates most of the new jobs and provides
private sector employment), taking into account the difficult situation in the economy. In order to support small
and medium-sized enterprises governments introduce new strategies on national and international level.
The present article endeavours to make a comparative analysis of the SME sector in Russia and Hungary by
investigating each development policies, identifying challenges and propose recommendations to improve the
situation, using experience of both countries.
Keywords: Hungary, Russia, SME sector, entrepreneurship, Strategy of SME development up to 2030, Small
Business Act 2015
СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ МАЛОГО И СРЕДНЕГО БИЗНЕСА В РОССИИ И ВЕНГРИИ
Будущее российской и венгерской экономики во многом зависит от развития малого
и среднего бизнеса. Учитывая сложную ситуацию в мировой экономике, развитие это-
го сегмента становится приоритетом (он создает большую часть новых рабочих
мест и обеспечивает занятость в частном секторе). В целях поддержки малого и
среднего бизнеса правительства обеих стран разрабатывают новые стратегии на
национальном и международном уровне.
В представленной статье проводится сравнительный анализ малого и среднего
бизнеса в России и Венгрии. Авторы сопоставляют политику, проводимую правитель-
ствами обеих стран, определяют существующие проблемы и предлагают рекоменда-
ции по улучшению ситуации.
Dr. Bitay Enikő: TECHNIKATÖRTÉNETI KUTATÁSOK ÉS MŰSZAKI ÖRÖKSÉGVÉDELEM ERDÉLYBEN • THE HISTORY OF TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH AND THE PROTECTION OF TECHNICAL HERITAGE IN TRANSYLVANIA
Barabás Botond: NI AS A RAPID PROTOTYPING ENABLING TECHNOLOGY PROVIDER IN THE SMART CITY ERA
Dr. Dalibor Dobrilović: APPROACH IN EXPLORING WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY PERFORMANCE IN SMART CITY ENVIRONMENTS
Dr. Kovács Tünde Anna: A KÜLÖNBÖZŐ TUDOMÁNYTERÜLETEK EGYÜTTMŰKÖDÉSE AZ IPAR 4.0 MEGVALÓSÍTÁSÁÉRT • THE DIFFERENT SCIENCE DISTRICT INTEGRATION FOR REALIZE THE INDUSTRY 4.0
Kulcsár Sándor: OKOS VÁROS KONCEPCIÓ MAGYARORSZÁGON – VÍZIÓK VS. VALÓSÁG • SMART CITY CONCEPT IN HUNGARY – VISIONS VS. REALITY
Dr. Lados Mihály: OKOS VÁROS MODELLEK MAGYARORSZÁGON •
SMART CITY ATTITUDES OF HUNGARIAN CITIES
Prof. Dr. Rajnai Zoltán: SMART INFRASTRUKTÚRÁK BIZTONSÁGA •
SECURITY OF SMART INFRASTRUCTURE
Dr. Popa-Müller Izolda: KÁROSODÁSI FOLYAMATOK KINETIKÁJÁNAK BECSLÉSE • THE PREDICTION OF DAMAGE PROCESS KINETICS
Albini Attila: A FELHŐ-TECHNOLÓGIÁK ELMÉLETI VIZSGÁLATA •
THEORETICAL STUDY OF CLOUD TECHNOLOGIES
Iványi Tamás: „OKOSTURISTA” AZ OKOS VÁROSBAN – MULTIDIMENZIÓS MODELL A KÖZÖSSÉGI MÉDIA ÉS AZ OKOSTELEFONTECHNOLÓGIÁK FELHASZNÁLÁSÁRA A VÁROSMARKETINGBEN • SMART TOURISTS IN A SMART CITY - A MULTIDIMENSIONAL MODEL FOR CITY MARKETING USING SMARTPHONES AND SOCIAL MEDIA
Varga Péter: A REVIEW ON THE ELECTRIC CURRENT EFFECT ON THE IRRECOVERABLE DEFORMATION OF METALS
Wisnovszky Gábor György: A PEER-TO-PEER ONLINE PIACOK LAKÁSPIACRA GYAKOROLT HATÁSAI • HOW “SMART” PEER-TO-PEER ONLINE MARKETPLACES CHANGE THE HOUSING MARKET
Tusor Balázs: SZEMÉLYRE SZABOTT ÉTKEZÉSI TANÁCSADÓ- EGY INTELLIGENS TÉR ALKALMAZÁS • PERSONALIZED DIETARY ASSISTANT - AN INTELLIGENT SPACE APPLICATION
Szabó Zsolt Mihály: NYUGDÍJASOK - SMART CITY? - EGY ÉRTELMES NYUGDÍJRENDSZER LEHETŐSÉGEI • PENSIONERS IN SMART CITY - A VIEW OF AN INTELLIGENT PENSION SYSTEM
Szilágyi Győző Attila: KÜLÖNBÖZŐ NAGYVÁROSOK KÖZÖSSÉGI KÖZLEKEDÉSI HÁLÓZATAINAK TOPOLÓGIAI VIZSGÁLATA A HÁLÓZATOK SEBEZHETŐSÉGE SZEMPONTJÁBÓL • TOPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE PUBLIC TRANSPORT NETWORK OF THE DIFFERENT CITIES FROM THE ASPECT OF NETWORK VULNERABILITY
Nyikes Zoltán: A DIGITÁLIS KOMPETENCIA, KULCS A JÖVŐHÖZ •
DIGITAL COMPETENCE, KEY TO THE FUTURE
Kiss Leizer Géza Károly: KATASZTRÓFÁK SORÁN KELETKEZŐ HULLADÉKOKBIZTONSÁGTECHNIKAI KÉRDÉSEI A FOLYAMI, TAVI ÉS TENGERI KÖZLEKEDÉSBEN •RIVER, LAKE AND SEA TRAFFIC SAFETY ISSUES REGARDING WASTE GENERATED DURING DISASTERS
Werner Gábor: AZ EMBERI VISELKEDÉSI MINTÁK KINYERÉSE MESTERSÉGES INTELLIGENCIA SEGÍTSÉGÉVEL • PATTERN EXTRACTION OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR WITH ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Szabó Anikó: AZ EMBERI ALKALMAZKODÁS TÁMOGATÁSA AZ OBJEKTUMVÉDELEMBEN • STANDING FOR THE HUMAN ADJUSTMENT TO THE SAFEGUARDING
Bréda Gábor: OKOS VÁROS OKOS TÁRGYALÓINAK BIZTONSÁGI KIHÍVÁSAI • THE SECURITY CHALLENGES OF SMART MEETING ROOMS IN SMART CITIES
Hell Péter: DRÓNOK AZ OKOS VÁROSBAN • DRONES IN SMART CITIES
Tokody Dániel: MOBILITÁS 4.0 - AUTONÓM INTELLIGENS JÁRMŰVEK •
MOBILITY 4.0 - AUTONOMOUS INTELLIGENT VEHICLE
Tokody Dániel: MOBILITÁS 4.0 - AZ ÚJ EURÓPAI TREND: A DIGITÁLIS VASÚT? AVAGY VAN-E MAGYAR DIGITÁLIS VASÚTI STRATÉGIA? •
MOBILITY 4.0 - A NEW TREND IN EUROPE? IS THERE ANY STRATEGY OF THE HUNGARIAN DIGITAL RAILWAY FOR SMART MOBILITY IN A SMART CITY?