Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology, Jan 15, 2017
The aim of the study was to assess the influence of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) acquisit... more The aim of the study was to assess the influence of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) acquisition parameters on the evaluation of mandibular third molars and their relationship to the mandibular canal. Eight dry human mandibles with 13 mandibular third molars were scanned with one CBCT unit. Voxel size (0.2 and 0.3 mm), field of view (FOV) size (12 × 8.5 cm and 5 × 5 cm), and number of basis images (450 and 720) were the variables studied. Two examiners evaluated the images, and the resulting data were compared through McNemar, McNemar-Bowker, and Student t tests. Additionally, dosimetry was determined for all protocols tested, and radiation doses were compared through analysis of variance. The variables did not influence evaluation of mandibular third molars, except for voxel size, when assessing contact between the tooth and the mandibular canal (P = .021). Although FOV and number of basis images affected radiation dose, voxel size did not. FOV size and number of basis images d...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of pulp stones by cone-beam computed tomogra... more The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of pulp stones by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to correlate their prevalence with patient's gender, location of tooth (right or left of maxillary or mandibular arch), group of teeth, and restorations. CBCT images of 382 patients randomly selected from the database of the University Oral Radiology Department were retrospectively examined. A total of 2833 tooth images obtained using the i-CAT 3D Imaging System were evaluated. Image analysis was performed with the i-CAT software, and all teeth were evaluated in sagittal, axial, and coronal views. All the measurements were subjected to chi square test, odds ratio, and Fisher's exact tests (p < 0.05). The prevalence of pulp stones was similar between patient's genders and tooth locations. Pulp stones were detected in 31.9% of patients and 9.5% of teeth. Maxillary and mandibular molars were the groups of teeth with the highest frequency of pulp stones. The presence of restorations increased the chance of occurrence of pulp stones by 2.1 times in all teeth examined…
The purpose of this study was to detect the anterior loop of the mental nerve and the mandibular ... more The purpose of this study was to detect the anterior loop of the mental nerve and the mandibular incisive canal in panoramic radiographs (PAN) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images, as well as to determine the anterior/mesial extension of these structures in panoramic and cross-sectional reconstructions using PAN and CBCT images. Images (both PAN and CBCT) from 90 patients were evaluated by 2 independent observers. Detection of the anterior loop and the incisive canal were compared between PAN and CBCT. The anterior/mesial extension of these structures was compared between PAN and both cross-sectional and panoramic CBCT reconstructions. In CBCT, the anterior loop and the incisive canal were observed in 7.7% and 24.4% of the hemimandibles, respectively. In PAN, the anterior loop and the incisive canal were detected in 15% and 5.5% of cases, respectively. PAN presented more difficulties in the visualization of structures. The anterior/mesial extensions ranged from 0.0 mm to ...
Line pairs are the unit for measurement of resolution and are related to the spatial quality of t... more Line pairs are the unit for measurement of resolution and are related to the spatial quality of the system. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of number of line pairs in digital intra-oral radiography on the detection accuracy of horizontal root fractures. Sixty-four extracted single-root human teeth were used. Thirty-two had horizontal root fractures created and were mounted in dry human mandibles. The teeth were radiographed with two digital receptors: the Digora Optime (14.3 lp mm-1) and the Digora Toto (26.3 lp mm-1). Images were viewed under standardized conditions by 3 calibrated examiners using the respective dedicated software (Digora for Windows 2.6(®) and Scanora(®) ). Digora Toto(®) images were also evaluated through the Digora for Windows 2.6(®) software. The results were statistically analyzed based on the area under the ROC curve for each examiner. Pairing Digora Toto(®) with Scanora(®) allowed for greater accuracy in horizontal root fractures diagnosis, while images acquired with that same system seem to lose accuracy when visualized with Digora for Windows 2.6(®) . Pairing Digora Optime(®) with Digora for Windows 2.6(®) resulted in the lowest accuracy for horizontal root fractures diagnosis. The higher number of line pairs and the consequent higher image resolution provided by the Digora Toto(®) system and its dedicated software seem to enhance the accuracy of horizontal root fractures diagnostic imaging.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the radioprotective and reparative effects of compounds bas... more The aim of this study was to evaluate the radioprotective and reparative effects of compounds based on aloe vera, zinc, and copper against salivary gland dysfunction in Wistar rats. A total of 150 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 12 groups, in which the animals received aloe vera and/or zinc and copper. In eight of these groups the animals were also subjected to irradiation before or after administration of the substances. After 27 days, sialometry tests were performed. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and the Tukey test (P < 0.05). Rats that had been administered aloe vera before or after irradiation showed a significantly higher salivary flow rate than rats that had been simply irradiated. When both substances were administered, a statistically significant difference in the salivary flow rate was observed in comparison with the irradiation alone group seven days after irradiation. The present results suggest that aloe vera exerts positive protective and reparative effects, and can be considered a potential radioprotective substance.
To determine if cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) enhancement filters influence the diagnosis ... more To determine if cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) enhancement filters influence the diagnosis of longitudinal root fractures. Forty extracted human posterior teeth were endodontically prepared and fractures with no separation of fragments were made in twenty teeth of this sample. The teeth were placed in a dry mandible and scanned using a Classic i-CAT CBCT device. Evaluations were performed with and without CBCT filters (Sharpen Mild, Sharpen Super Mild, S9, Sharpen, Sharpen 3 x 3, Angio Sharpen Medium 5 x 5, Angio Sharpen High 5 x 5 and Shadow 3 x 3) by three oral radiologists. Inter- and intraobserver agreement was calculated by the kappa test. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were determined. McNemar test was applied for agreement between all images versus gold standard and original images versus images with filters (p<0.05). Means of Intraobserver agreement ranged from good to excellent. Angio Sharpen Medium 5 x 5 filter obta...
To assess the efficacy of lead foils in reducing the radiation dose received by different anatomi... more To assess the efficacy of lead foils in reducing the radiation dose received by different anatomical sites of the head and neck during periapical intraoral examinations performed with digital systems. Images were acquired through four different manners: Phosphor plate (PSP) alone; PSP + lead foil; CMOS alone; and CMOS + lead foil. Radiation dose was measured after a full-mouth periapical series (14 radiographs) using the long cone paralleling technique was obtained. Lithium fluoride (Lif 100) thermoluminescent dosimeters were placed in an anthropomorphic phantom at points corresponding to the tongue, thyroid, the crystalline lenses, the parotid glands and the maxillary sinuses. Dosimeter readings demonstrated the efficacy the addition of lead foil in the intraoral digital X-ray systems provided in reducing organ doses in the selected structures, approximately of 32% in the PSP system and 59% in the CMOS system. The use of lead foils associated with digital X-ray sensors is an effect...
To determine the height and volume of the mandibular coronoid process (CP) by cone-beam computed ... more To determine the height and volume of the mandibular coronoid process (CP) by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to identify the presence of any correlations of these measurements with age, gender, facial type, and skeletal class. The sample consisted of 132 patients from a departmental routine patient base. After CBCT, CP height was determined using OnDemand 3D software (CyberMed, Seoul, Republic of Korea), and CP volume was obtained using ITK-SNAP 3.0 software (Cognitica, Philadelphia, PA). Measurements were subjected to analysis of covariance against facial type, skeletal class, gender, and age, with a significance level of 5%. CP height and volume were similar regardless of age, facial type, and skeletal class. However, the 2 measurements were statistically different regarding gender, with larger values for men than for women. These observations suggest that gender is the only factor influencing the height and volume of the CP.
A radiographic interpretation is essential to the diagnosis of invasive cervical resorption (ICR)... more A radiographic interpretation is essential to the diagnosis of invasive cervical resorption (ICR) and the difficulty in distinguishing this lesion from internal root resorption has been highlighted in the literature. This paper reports the use of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in the diagnosis of ICR. The cases reports describe how CBCT can be used to make a differential diagnosis and also show that the use of this technology can provide relevant information on the location and nature of root resorption, which conventional radiographs cannot. As a result, the root canal treatment was not initially considered. The patients will be monitored and will undergo a scan after a short period of time to detect any small changes. It was observed that both cases benefited from CBCT in the diagnosis of ICR, because this imaging modality determined the real extent of resorption and possible points of communication with the periodontal space.
Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology, Jan 15, 2017
The aim of the study was to assess the influence of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) acquisit... more The aim of the study was to assess the influence of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) acquisition parameters on the evaluation of mandibular third molars and their relationship to the mandibular canal. Eight dry human mandibles with 13 mandibular third molars were scanned with one CBCT unit. Voxel size (0.2 and 0.3 mm), field of view (FOV) size (12 × 8.5 cm and 5 × 5 cm), and number of basis images (450 and 720) were the variables studied. Two examiners evaluated the images, and the resulting data were compared through McNemar, McNemar-Bowker, and Student t tests. Additionally, dosimetry was determined for all protocols tested, and radiation doses were compared through analysis of variance. The variables did not influence evaluation of mandibular third molars, except for voxel size, when assessing contact between the tooth and the mandibular canal (P = .021). Although FOV and number of basis images affected radiation dose, voxel size did not. FOV size and number of basis images d...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of pulp stones by cone-beam computed tomogra... more The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of pulp stones by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to correlate their prevalence with patient&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s gender, location of tooth (right or left of maxillary or mandibular arch), group of teeth, and restorations. CBCT images of 382 patients randomly selected from the database of the University Oral Radiology Department were retrospectively examined. A total of 2833 tooth images obtained using the i-CAT 3D Imaging System were evaluated. Image analysis was performed with the i-CAT software, and all teeth were evaluated in sagittal, axial, and coronal views. All the measurements were subjected to chi square test, odds ratio, and Fisher&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s exact tests (p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05). The prevalence of pulp stones was similar between patient&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s genders and tooth locations. Pulp stones were detected in 31.9% of patients and 9.5% of teeth. Maxillary and mandibular molars were the groups of teeth with the highest frequency of pulp stones. The presence of restorations increased the chance of occurrence of pulp stones by 2.1 times in all teeth examined…
The purpose of this study was to detect the anterior loop of the mental nerve and the mandibular ... more The purpose of this study was to detect the anterior loop of the mental nerve and the mandibular incisive canal in panoramic radiographs (PAN) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images, as well as to determine the anterior/mesial extension of these structures in panoramic and cross-sectional reconstructions using PAN and CBCT images. Images (both PAN and CBCT) from 90 patients were evaluated by 2 independent observers. Detection of the anterior loop and the incisive canal were compared between PAN and CBCT. The anterior/mesial extension of these structures was compared between PAN and both cross-sectional and panoramic CBCT reconstructions. In CBCT, the anterior loop and the incisive canal were observed in 7.7% and 24.4% of the hemimandibles, respectively. In PAN, the anterior loop and the incisive canal were detected in 15% and 5.5% of cases, respectively. PAN presented more difficulties in the visualization of structures. The anterior/mesial extensions ranged from 0.0 mm to ...
Line pairs are the unit for measurement of resolution and are related to the spatial quality of t... more Line pairs are the unit for measurement of resolution and are related to the spatial quality of the system. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of number of line pairs in digital intra-oral radiography on the detection accuracy of horizontal root fractures. Sixty-four extracted single-root human teeth were used. Thirty-two had horizontal root fractures created and were mounted in dry human mandibles. The teeth were radiographed with two digital receptors: the Digora Optime (14.3 lp mm-1) and the Digora Toto (26.3 lp mm-1). Images were viewed under standardized conditions by 3 calibrated examiners using the respective dedicated software (Digora for Windows 2.6(®) and Scanora(®) ). Digora Toto(®) images were also evaluated through the Digora for Windows 2.6(®) software. The results were statistically analyzed based on the area under the ROC curve for each examiner. Pairing Digora Toto(®) with Scanora(®) allowed for greater accuracy in horizontal root fractures diagnosis, while images acquired with that same system seem to lose accuracy when visualized with Digora for Windows 2.6(®) . Pairing Digora Optime(®) with Digora for Windows 2.6(®) resulted in the lowest accuracy for horizontal root fractures diagnosis. The higher number of line pairs and the consequent higher image resolution provided by the Digora Toto(®) system and its dedicated software seem to enhance the accuracy of horizontal root fractures diagnostic imaging.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the radioprotective and reparative effects of compounds bas... more The aim of this study was to evaluate the radioprotective and reparative effects of compounds based on aloe vera, zinc, and copper against salivary gland dysfunction in Wistar rats. A total of 150 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 12 groups, in which the animals received aloe vera and/or zinc and copper. In eight of these groups the animals were also subjected to irradiation before or after administration of the substances. After 27 days, sialometry tests were performed. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and the Tukey test (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05). Rats that had been administered aloe vera before or after irradiation showed a significantly higher salivary flow rate than rats that had been simply irradiated. When both substances were administered, a statistically significant difference in the salivary flow rate was observed in comparison with the irradiation alone group seven days after irradiation. The present results suggest that aloe vera exerts positive protective and reparative effects, and can be considered a potential radioprotective substance.
To determine if cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) enhancement filters influence the diagnosis ... more To determine if cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) enhancement filters influence the diagnosis of longitudinal root fractures. Forty extracted human posterior teeth were endodontically prepared and fractures with no separation of fragments were made in twenty teeth of this sample. The teeth were placed in a dry mandible and scanned using a Classic i-CAT CBCT device. Evaluations were performed with and without CBCT filters (Sharpen Mild, Sharpen Super Mild, S9, Sharpen, Sharpen 3 x 3, Angio Sharpen Medium 5 x 5, Angio Sharpen High 5 x 5 and Shadow 3 x 3) by three oral radiologists. Inter- and intraobserver agreement was calculated by the kappa test. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were determined. McNemar test was applied for agreement between all images versus gold standard and original images versus images with filters (p<0.05). Means of Intraobserver agreement ranged from good to excellent. Angio Sharpen Medium 5 x 5 filter obta...
To assess the efficacy of lead foils in reducing the radiation dose received by different anatomi... more To assess the efficacy of lead foils in reducing the radiation dose received by different anatomical sites of the head and neck during periapical intraoral examinations performed with digital systems. Images were acquired through four different manners: Phosphor plate (PSP) alone; PSP + lead foil; CMOS alone; and CMOS + lead foil. Radiation dose was measured after a full-mouth periapical series (14 radiographs) using the long cone paralleling technique was obtained. Lithium fluoride (Lif 100) thermoluminescent dosimeters were placed in an anthropomorphic phantom at points corresponding to the tongue, thyroid, the crystalline lenses, the parotid glands and the maxillary sinuses. Dosimeter readings demonstrated the efficacy the addition of lead foil in the intraoral digital X-ray systems provided in reducing organ doses in the selected structures, approximately of 32% in the PSP system and 59% in the CMOS system. The use of lead foils associated with digital X-ray sensors is an effect...
To determine the height and volume of the mandibular coronoid process (CP) by cone-beam computed ... more To determine the height and volume of the mandibular coronoid process (CP) by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to identify the presence of any correlations of these measurements with age, gender, facial type, and skeletal class. The sample consisted of 132 patients from a departmental routine patient base. After CBCT, CP height was determined using OnDemand 3D software (CyberMed, Seoul, Republic of Korea), and CP volume was obtained using ITK-SNAP 3.0 software (Cognitica, Philadelphia, PA). Measurements were subjected to analysis of covariance against facial type, skeletal class, gender, and age, with a significance level of 5%. CP height and volume were similar regardless of age, facial type, and skeletal class. However, the 2 measurements were statistically different regarding gender, with larger values for men than for women. These observations suggest that gender is the only factor influencing the height and volume of the CP.
A radiographic interpretation is essential to the diagnosis of invasive cervical resorption (ICR)... more A radiographic interpretation is essential to the diagnosis of invasive cervical resorption (ICR) and the difficulty in distinguishing this lesion from internal root resorption has been highlighted in the literature. This paper reports the use of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in the diagnosis of ICR. The cases reports describe how CBCT can be used to make a differential diagnosis and also show that the use of this technology can provide relevant information on the location and nature of root resorption, which conventional radiographs cannot. As a result, the root canal treatment was not initially considered. The patients will be monitored and will undergo a scan after a short period of time to detect any small changes. It was observed that both cases benefited from CBCT in the diagnosis of ICR, because this imaging modality determined the real extent of resorption and possible points of communication with the periodontal space.
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Papers by Yuri Nejaim