We describe a sensitive RIN measurement system, show that substantial RIN degradation occurs in t... more We describe a sensitive RIN measurement system, show that substantial RIN degradation occurs in the CATV band, and that this can significantly impair CNR. We quantitatively show how selection of 1550 nm analog lasers for noise performance should be based on both linewidth and RIN. The RIN measurement setup consists of the laser under test, a length of single-mode fiber,
... And our results prove the technique for suppression of RIN is effective in improving the perf... more ... And our results prove the technique for suppression of RIN is effective in improving the performance in FOG. The RIN in SFS can be better reduced through further study of this technique. ... 2, No.8, August, 1990. [2] K. Killian, M. Burmenko, and W. Hollinger. ...
The gain of discrete Raman amplifiers can be increased by retro-reflecting the counter-propagatin... more The gain of discrete Raman amplifiers can be increased by retro-reflecting the counter-propagating pump exiting the signal side of the amplifier. The noise figure decreases and, with low RIN pumps, RIN transfer impairments are minimal.
Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) disease in children... more Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) disease in children are lacking, and there are limited data on drug resistance of Mycobacterium bovis BCG. A 6-month-old HIV-infected infant presented with right axillary adenitis ipsilateral to the site of BCG immunization. M. tuberculosis complex was cultured from axillary lymph nodes and gastric aspirates, and M. bovis BCG was isolated. Susceptibility testing before initiation of therapy demonstrated inherent resistance to isoniazid. The organism acquired rifampin resistance during therapy. This was confirmed by the presence of a mutation in codon 531 (Ser531Tyr) of the rpoB gene. Treatment guidelines for BCG disease with consideration of inherent and possible acquired drug resistance should be established in settings with high rates of vertical HIV transmission and routine BCG vaccination.
A short review of theoretical and experimental studies concerning the photo‐excited florescence a... more A short review of theoretical and experimental studies concerning the photo‐excited florescence and Raman scattering of light for a substance in a space containing small material bodies is presented. Calculations of the radiative‐transition probability for atoms (molecules) in the vicinity of bodies with a size much smaller than the light wavelength are performed. The probabilities of the single‐photon and double‐photon transitions are shown to increase by factors of 9 and 81 in the vicinity of a nanosize sphere with dielectric constant |ɛ|\≫ 1. The probability of a radiative transition in the vicinity of the vertex of a conic needle bearing up against a plane (both with |ɛ|≫ 1) increases by factors of (λ/R in)2 and (λ/R in)4 for single‐photon and double‐photon transitions, respectively (R in is the curvature radius for the needle vertex). This theoretical result is suggested as an explanation of the effect of increasing the radiation process intensity in the experiments carried out in the studies cited below.
The tomato ripening mutant, ripening inhibitor (rin), whose fruits fails to ripen, has been ident... more The tomato ripening mutant, ripening inhibitor (rin), whose fruits fails to ripen, has been identified and widely studied. The RIN gene has been cloned. Here we present the expression of a truncated form of the RIN protein from tomato and the preparation of a polyclonal antibody against it. The resulting antibody recognized the RIN of crude protein extracts from different tomato tissues. The protein level of RIN in tomato was detected with this antibody by western blot, which suggested the accumulation of RIN protein increased gradually during tomato fruit ripening.
The feeding ecology of Mustelus schmitti was studied based on analysis of stomach contents of 525... more The feeding ecology of Mustelus schmitti was studied based on analysis of stomach contents of 525 specimens collected from three research cruises carried out during October 2008 to March 2009 on the Argentinean continental shelf (34º45′S–41ºS). Generalized Linear Models were used to test the effects of Geographic location, Total Length, Sex and Maturity stage on the diet. The most commonly occurring major prey groups differed between Geographic locations. In Río de la Plata (RLP) deep M. schmitti feed on Crustaceans, Fish and Polychaetes, whereas Crustaceans, Polychaetes and Fishes were the main prey in RLP coast, Rincón (RIN) coast and RIN deep, respectively. Moreover, models showed dietary shift related to total length in each Geographic location. In coastal nursery areas Polychaetes decreased and Fishes increased in importance as M. schmitti grew in size; while Crustaceans increased in importance from small to medium size, and then decreased in the large specimens. Deeper areas also show dietary changes related to growth. The trophic level of M. schmitti showed lower values in coastal Geographic locations (3.48–3.53) than in deeper Geographic locations (3.56–3.77). The higher trophic role in deeper communities could be related to the size of M. schmitti which increases with depth. Finally, total vacuity index was 2.47 (the lowest in the literature) indicating an intense and continuous feeding activity of the species.
We describe a sensitive RIN measurement system, show that substantial RIN degradation occurs in t... more We describe a sensitive RIN measurement system, show that substantial RIN degradation occurs in the CATV band, and that this can significantly impair CNR. We quantitatively show how selection of 1550 nm analog lasers for noise performance should be based on both linewidth and RIN. The RIN measurement setup consists of the laser under test, a length of single-mode fiber,
... And our results prove the technique for suppression of RIN is effective in improving the perf... more ... And our results prove the technique for suppression of RIN is effective in improving the performance in FOG. The RIN in SFS can be better reduced through further study of this technique. ... 2, No.8, August, 1990. [2] K. Killian, M. Burmenko, and W. Hollinger. ...
The gain of discrete Raman amplifiers can be increased by retro-reflecting the counter-propagatin... more The gain of discrete Raman amplifiers can be increased by retro-reflecting the counter-propagating pump exiting the signal side of the amplifier. The noise figure decreases and, with low RIN pumps, RIN transfer impairments are minimal.
Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) disease in children... more Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) disease in children are lacking, and there are limited data on drug resistance of Mycobacterium bovis BCG. A 6-month-old HIV-infected infant presented with right axillary adenitis ipsilateral to the site of BCG immunization. M. tuberculosis complex was cultured from axillary lymph nodes and gastric aspirates, and M. bovis BCG was isolated. Susceptibility testing before initiation of therapy demonstrated inherent resistance to isoniazid. The organism acquired rifampin resistance during therapy. This was confirmed by the presence of a mutation in codon 531 (Ser531Tyr) of the rpoB gene. Treatment guidelines for BCG disease with consideration of inherent and possible acquired drug resistance should be established in settings with high rates of vertical HIV transmission and routine BCG vaccination.
A short review of theoretical and experimental studies concerning the photo‐excited florescence a... more A short review of theoretical and experimental studies concerning the photo‐excited florescence and Raman scattering of light for a substance in a space containing small material bodies is presented. Calculations of the radiative‐transition probability for atoms (molecules) in the vicinity of bodies with a size much smaller than the light wavelength are performed. The probabilities of the single‐photon and double‐photon transitions are shown to increase by factors of 9 and 81 in the vicinity of a nanosize sphere with dielectric constant |ɛ|\≫ 1. The probability of a radiative transition in the vicinity of the vertex of a conic needle bearing up against a plane (both with |ɛ|≫ 1) increases by factors of (λ/R in)2 and (λ/R in)4 for single‐photon and double‐photon transitions, respectively (R in is the curvature radius for the needle vertex). This theoretical result is suggested as an explanation of the effect of increasing the radiation process intensity in the experiments carried out in the studies cited below.
The tomato ripening mutant, ripening inhibitor (rin), whose fruits fails to ripen, has been ident... more The tomato ripening mutant, ripening inhibitor (rin), whose fruits fails to ripen, has been identified and widely studied. The RIN gene has been cloned. Here we present the expression of a truncated form of the RIN protein from tomato and the preparation of a polyclonal antibody against it. The resulting antibody recognized the RIN of crude protein extracts from different tomato tissues. The protein level of RIN in tomato was detected with this antibody by western blot, which suggested the accumulation of RIN protein increased gradually during tomato fruit ripening.
The feeding ecology of Mustelus schmitti was studied based on analysis of stomach contents of 525... more The feeding ecology of Mustelus schmitti was studied based on analysis of stomach contents of 525 specimens collected from three research cruises carried out during October 2008 to March 2009 on the Argentinean continental shelf (34º45′S–41ºS). Generalized Linear Models were used to test the effects of Geographic location, Total Length, Sex and Maturity stage on the diet. The most commonly occurring major prey groups differed between Geographic locations. In Río de la Plata (RLP) deep M. schmitti feed on Crustaceans, Fish and Polychaetes, whereas Crustaceans, Polychaetes and Fishes were the main prey in RLP coast, Rincón (RIN) coast and RIN deep, respectively. Moreover, models showed dietary shift related to total length in each Geographic location. In coastal nursery areas Polychaetes decreased and Fishes increased in importance as M. schmitti grew in size; while Crustaceans increased in importance from small to medium size, and then decreased in the large specimens. Deeper areas also show dietary changes related to growth. The trophic level of M. schmitti showed lower values in coastal Geographic locations (3.48–3.53) than in deeper Geographic locations (3.56–3.77). The higher trophic role in deeper communities could be related to the size of M. schmitti which increases with depth. Finally, total vacuity index was 2.47 (the lowest in the literature) indicating an intense and continuous feeding activity of the species.
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