In diffuse forest uses, like non-timber forest products' harvesting, the behavioural alignment of... more In diffuse forest uses, like non-timber forest products' harvesting, the behavioural alignment of pickers is crucial for avoiding a " tragedy of the commons ". Moreover, the introduction of policy tools such as a harvest permit system may help in keeping the activity under control. Besides the official enforcement, pickers' engagement may also derive from the perceived legitimate decision of forest managers and the community pressure to behave according to the shared values. Framed within the social capital theory, this paper examines three types of relations of rural communities in a protected area in Catalonia (Spain) where a system of mushroom picking permits was recently introduced. Through social network analysis, we explore structural changes in relations within the policy network across the policy conception, design and implementation phases. We then test whether social links of the pickers' community relate to influential members of the policy network. Lastly, we assess whether pickers' bonding and bridging structures affect the rate of permit uptake. Our results show that the high degree of acceptance could be explained by an adequate consideration of pickers' preferences within the decision-making group: local pickers show proximity to members of the policy network with medium-high influence during the three policy phases. The policy network also evolves, with some members emerging as key actors during certain phases. Significant differences are found in pickers' relations among and across the involved municipalities following an urban-rural gradient. A preliminary relation is found between social structures and differential pickers' engagement. These results illustrate a case of positive social capital backing policy design and, probably, also implementation. This calls for a meticulous design of forest policy networks with respect to communities of affected forest users.
In the 90's the agro-export boom of Peru, based on a market-led development, has induced a major ... more In the 90's the agro-export boom of Peru, based on a market-led development, has induced a major conversion of large farms to new agribusinesses (i.e. asparagus, avocados, oranges), leaving room for expansion in the traditional agro-industrial sector (i.e. cotton) for small farmers. This study assesses the new income opportunities deriving from the reinsertion of native and naturally colored cotton (NNCC) in the agricultural production of small farmers, by means of a farm economic data analysis, scenario analysis and sensitivity analysis. The analysis has been performed in a specific case study regarding 50 farms of the Moche district in the North coast of Peru, selected by means of a non-probability sampling technique.
La Región del Maule representa en el contexto chileno en general, un ámbito geográfico donde los ... more La Región del Maule representa en el contexto chileno en general, un ámbito geográfico donde los conceptos de “nueva ruralidad” y “enfoque territorial al desarrollo” pueden encontrar una importante aplicación debido a la evolución específica del desarrollo agrícola realizado en esa zona. Ya se ha subrayado la voluntad del gobierno chileno de reorganizar su política de desarrollo rural en función de: una mayor articulación territorial de los diferentes servicios del Ministerio de Agricultura, que tenga en específica consideración la dotación de recursos naturales a nivel local y, consecuentemente, la adopción de políticas idóneas para esos niveles de acción; la constitución de agencias de desarrollo local que desarrollen la función de “conductos” entre las instancias públicas y privadas, sean éstas profit como no profit-oriented, individualizando las mejores estrategias de dinamización de las áreas rurales, en función de su específica dotación de “capital territorial”. En el ámbito d...
Il capitale sociale è stato analizzato sotto il profilo delle molteplici definizioni allo stesso ... more Il capitale sociale è stato analizzato sotto il profilo delle molteplici definizioni allo stesso attribuite e della specifica analisi teorica, riguardante gli ambiti disciplinari della sociologia, delle scienze politiche e dell’economia. La ricerca applicata sul tema è composita, anche se appare opportuno evidenziare l’esistenza di una limitata letteratura sulle relazioni tra capitale sociale e sviluppo economico delle aree rurali, che costituisce l’oggetto della dissertazione del presente capitolo. Lo stesso si compone di due parti: la prima consta di una breve rassegna critica della letteratura europea e la seconda presenta l’analisi della tematica alla luce della più recente letteratura italiana
The paper presents a methodology for the assessment of interpersonal and institutional trust meas... more The paper presents a methodology for the assessment of interpersonal and institutional trust measured at the level of Local Action Groups of the LEADER Approach and based on the use of indicators and on Social Network Analysis (SNA). From the theoretical point of view, the indicators can be used in longitudinal studies to assess if the relation between individual trust and social networks is verified with regard to specific organizations promoting rural development at local level. From the operative point of view, the indicators of trust represent a useful and relative simple instrument to be used in the monitoring and evaluation activities of the LEADER Approach.
La economía del desarrollo, que en los últimos años se está delineando como disciplina económica ... more La economía del desarrollo, que en los últimos años se está delineando como disciplina económica de los estudios macro-regionales, ha brindado en su evolución histórica, una limitada atención al tema del desarrollo rural, dedicando mayor atención a los temas clásicos de la evaluación y de las causas del desarrollo económico, de los niveles de ahorro e inversión en los PVD, de los flujos de capitales extranjeros y del endeudamiento, de la tecnología, del problema demográfico, del capital humano y de la productividad, del comercio internacional y de la política comercial, de la planificación y del mercado. El tema del desarrollo rural ha sido siempre tratado como secundario, no obstante la importancia que el mismo reviste. Al respecto parece oportuno precisar que los temas del “desarrollo agrícola” y del “desarrollo rural” no constituyen en absoluto una identidad. Evidentemente tal distinción requiere un nuevo modo de analizar las economías que se desarrollan en las áreas rurales y la...
The paper presents the procedures applied for the evaluation of development co-operation project ... more The paper presents the procedures applied for the evaluation of development co-operation project within the framework of the decentralized co-operazione. The case of the Veneto Region in Italy is proposed.
In diffuse forest uses, like non-timber forest products' harvesting, the behavioural alignment of... more In diffuse forest uses, like non-timber forest products' harvesting, the behavioural alignment of pickers is crucial for avoiding a " tragedy of the commons ". Moreover, the introduction of policy tools such as a harvest permit system may help in keeping the activity under control. Besides the official enforcement, pickers' engagement may also derive from the perceived legitimate decision of forest managers and the community pressure to behave according to the shared values. Framed within the social capital theory, this paper examines three types of relations of rural communities in a protected area in Catalonia (Spain) where a system of mushroom picking permits was recently introduced. Through social network analysis, we explore structural changes in relations within the policy network across the policy conception, design and implementation phases. We then test whether social links of the pickers' community relate to influential members of the policy network. Lastly, we assess whether pickers' bonding and bridging structures affect the rate of permit uptake. Our results show that the high degree of acceptance could be explained by an adequate consideration of pickers' preferences within the decision-making group: local pickers show proximity to members of the policy network with medium-high influence during the three policy phases. The policy network also evolves, with some members emerging as key actors during certain phases. Significant differences are found in pickers' relations among and across the involved municipalities following an urban-rural gradient. A preliminary relation is found between social structures and differential pickers' engagement. These results illustrate a case of positive social capital backing policy design and, probably, also implementation. This calls for a meticulous design of forest policy networks with respect to communities of affected forest users.
In the 90's the agro-export boom of Peru, based on a market-led development, has induced a major ... more In the 90's the agro-export boom of Peru, based on a market-led development, has induced a major conversion of large farms to new agribusinesses (i.e. asparagus, avocados, oranges), leaving room for expansion in the traditional agro-industrial sector (i.e. cotton) for small farmers. This study assesses the new income opportunities deriving from the reinsertion of native and naturally colored cotton (NNCC) in the agricultural production of small farmers, by means of a farm economic data analysis, scenario analysis and sensitivity analysis. The analysis has been performed in a specific case study regarding 50 farms of the Moche district in the North coast of Peru, selected by means of a non-probability sampling technique.
La Región del Maule representa en el contexto chileno en general, un ámbito geográfico donde los ... more La Región del Maule representa en el contexto chileno en general, un ámbito geográfico donde los conceptos de “nueva ruralidad” y “enfoque territorial al desarrollo” pueden encontrar una importante aplicación debido a la evolución específica del desarrollo agrícola realizado en esa zona. Ya se ha subrayado la voluntad del gobierno chileno de reorganizar su política de desarrollo rural en función de: una mayor articulación territorial de los diferentes servicios del Ministerio de Agricultura, que tenga en específica consideración la dotación de recursos naturales a nivel local y, consecuentemente, la adopción de políticas idóneas para esos niveles de acción; la constitución de agencias de desarrollo local que desarrollen la función de “conductos” entre las instancias públicas y privadas, sean éstas profit como no profit-oriented, individualizando las mejores estrategias de dinamización de las áreas rurales, en función de su específica dotación de “capital territorial”. En el ámbito d...
Il capitale sociale è stato analizzato sotto il profilo delle molteplici definizioni allo stesso ... more Il capitale sociale è stato analizzato sotto il profilo delle molteplici definizioni allo stesso attribuite e della specifica analisi teorica, riguardante gli ambiti disciplinari della sociologia, delle scienze politiche e dell’economia. La ricerca applicata sul tema è composita, anche se appare opportuno evidenziare l’esistenza di una limitata letteratura sulle relazioni tra capitale sociale e sviluppo economico delle aree rurali, che costituisce l’oggetto della dissertazione del presente capitolo. Lo stesso si compone di due parti: la prima consta di una breve rassegna critica della letteratura europea e la seconda presenta l’analisi della tematica alla luce della più recente letteratura italiana
The paper presents a methodology for the assessment of interpersonal and institutional trust meas... more The paper presents a methodology for the assessment of interpersonal and institutional trust measured at the level of Local Action Groups of the LEADER Approach and based on the use of indicators and on Social Network Analysis (SNA). From the theoretical point of view, the indicators can be used in longitudinal studies to assess if the relation between individual trust and social networks is verified with regard to specific organizations promoting rural development at local level. From the operative point of view, the indicators of trust represent a useful and relative simple instrument to be used in the monitoring and evaluation activities of the LEADER Approach.
La economía del desarrollo, que en los últimos años se está delineando como disciplina económica ... more La economía del desarrollo, que en los últimos años se está delineando como disciplina económica de los estudios macro-regionales, ha brindado en su evolución histórica, una limitada atención al tema del desarrollo rural, dedicando mayor atención a los temas clásicos de la evaluación y de las causas del desarrollo económico, de los niveles de ahorro e inversión en los PVD, de los flujos de capitales extranjeros y del endeudamiento, de la tecnología, del problema demográfico, del capital humano y de la productividad, del comercio internacional y de la política comercial, de la planificación y del mercado. El tema del desarrollo rural ha sido siempre tratado como secundario, no obstante la importancia que el mismo reviste. Al respecto parece oportuno precisar que los temas del “desarrollo agrícola” y del “desarrollo rural” no constituyen en absoluto una identidad. Evidentemente tal distinción requiere un nuevo modo de analizar las economías que se desarrollan en las áreas rurales y la...
The paper presents the procedures applied for the evaluation of development co-operation project ... more The paper presents the procedures applied for the evaluation of development co-operation project within the framework of the decentralized co-operazione. The case of the Veneto Region in Italy is proposed.
Social capital is widely recognized by social scientists as one of the influential factors determ... more Social capital is widely recognized by social scientists as one of the influential factors determining social and economic development in local and regional economic system. The aim of this poster is to present and propose an innovative on line tool (a smart app) intended to measure, in different moment of time, the endowment of social capital and related aspects of governance in specific public-private organizations, i.e. Local Action Groups. LAGS are the local programming and management units of the EU-funded LEADER initiative. The app is available at https://socialcapitalgal.shinyapps.io/App_GAL/
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Papers by Elena Pisani