This chapter identifies ten key dominant Islamophobic narratives and ten key dominant counter-nar... more This chapter identifies ten key dominant Islamophobic narratives and ten key dominant counter-narratives to Islamophobia operating in France. Islamophobic narratives were found to fix Muslims collectively as—in descending order of prevalence—a threat to security, unassimilable, a demographic threat, an Islamisation threat, a threat to local, national and European identity, responsible for excessive women’s oppression, essentially different and violent, incomplete citizens and a risk to the majority, and essentially homophobic.
Depuis le debut des annees 1990, les gouvernements britanniques et francais ont encourage la crea... more Depuis le debut des annees 1990, les gouvernements britanniques et francais ont encourage la creation d’organisations musulmanes. Cependant, pres de vingt ans apres la creation en 1997 du Conseil musulman de Grande-Bretagne (MCB) du role de plus proche allie musulman du gouvernement et de porte-parole des communautes, la question de la representation musulmane n’est toujours pas reglee. En France, le parcours du Conseil francais du culte musulman (CFCM) cree par le gouvernement en 2003 offre certains paralleles avec l’histoire du MCB: affaibli par les luttes intestines de ses membres, celui-ci a finalement echoue a realiser l'unite organisationnelle. Dans ma these, je compare ces deux histoires singulieres et j’etudie les facteurs qui ont entraine le declin de ces conseils nationaux. Je demontre en m’appuyant sur des rapports gouvernementaux, des declarations officielles, des articles de presse et le temoignage des principaux acteurs de la creation de ces organismes, qu'ils ...
This paper is an output from the second workstream of the project which was concerned to describe... more This paper is an output from the second workstream of the project which was concerned to describe and explain the discursive contents and forms that Muslim hatred takes in the eight states considered in the framework of this project: Belgium, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Portugal and United Kingdom. This output comprises eight papers on conditions in individual member states and a comparative overview paper containing Key Messages. In addition this phase also includes assessment of various legal and policy interventions through which the European human rights law apparatus has attempted to conceptually analyse and legally address the multi-faceted phenomenon of Islamophobia. The second workstream examines the operation of identified counter-narratives in a selected range of discursive environments and their impact and influence on public opinion and specific audiences including media and local decision-makers. The third workstream will be producing a transferable EU toolkit of best practice in the use of counter-narratives to anti-Muslim hatred. Finally, the key messages, findings and toolkits will be disseminated to policy makers, professionals and practitioners both across the EU and to member/regional audiences using a range of mediums and activities.
The Countering Islamophobia through the Development of Best Practice in the use of CounterNarrati... more The Countering Islamophobia through the Development of Best Practice in the use of CounterNarratives in EU Member States project addresses the need for a deeper understanding and awareness of the range and operation of counter-narratives to antiMuslim hatred across the EU, and the extent to which these counter-narratives impact and engage with those hostile narratives. This paper is an output from the first workstream of the project which was concerned to describe and explain the discursive contents and forms that Muslim hatred takes in the eight states considered in the framework of this project: Belgium, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Portugal and United Kingdom. This output comprises eight papers on conditions in individual member states and a comparative overview paper containing Key Messages. In addition this phase also includes assessment of various legal and policy interventions through which the European human rights law apparatus has attempted to conceptually analyse and legally address the multi-faceted phenomenon of Islamophobia.
Vo Francúzsku po teroristických útokoch v Paríži vzrástli protimoslimské nálady, časť spoločnosti... more Vo Francúzsku po teroristických útokoch v Paríži vzrástli protimoslimské nálady, časť spoločnosti je vystavená diskriminácii. Je to riešenie?
This paper compares the development of the most significant Muslim organisations in Britain and F... more This paper compares the development of the most significant Muslim organisations in Britain and France, with a focus on the establishment-backed representative bodies as the Muslim Council of Britain (MCB) and the French Muslim Council (CFCM) and their respective “challengers” who emerged once it became apparent the top-down approach imposing one Muslim voice at the expense of pluralism had some important drawbacks.
In 2003, in response to the growing danger of a terrorist attack on the UK, the New Labour govern... more In 2003, in response to the growing danger of a terrorist attack on the UK, the New Labour government launched a new counter-terrorism strategy whose four components – Pursue, Prevent, Protect and Prepare – focused almost exclusively on the British Muslims. While the Protect, НОЯТsОН to nОЮtrКХТsО Кnв ТmmТnОnt tОrrorТst tСrОКt, ТnТtТКХХв КЛsorЛОН most oП tСО strКtОРв's budget, the Prevent section, whose goal was to stop violent extremism and radicalisation, took up Кs mЮМС Кs £140 mТХХТon Тn 2008–2009. Recently, however, tСО РoЯОrnmОnt's strКtОРв oП rОХвТnР on nОа MЮsХТm РroЮps Тn ОбtrОmТsm prevention has been criticised by the religious-based organisations for dividing the community. Indeed, the new policy has broken their monopoly over the administration of the Muslim affairs and encouraged the participation of the progressive Muslim bodies representing the civil society. The sustainability of these new bodies, however, is now questioned, too.
The conference „Muslims are...“ held in Bratislava, Slovakia in October 2016 addressed the attitu... more The conference „Muslims are...“ held in Bratislava, Slovakia in October 2016 addressed the attitudes and opinions of a significant part of the Central European public as well as results of recent opinion polls which confirmed a long-lasting tension, prejudice and aversion towards immigrants from Arab countries, refugees and foreigners. According to the Eurobarometer survey from October 2015, the rate of non-acceptance of ethnic and religious minorities in the Visegrad countries (V4) is among the highest of all EU member states. Although Muslim populations in this region remain very scarce (there are 4,000 Muslims in Slovakia and Czech Republic, 20,000 in Poland and 25,000 in Hungary), the migrant and refugee crisis of 2015 led to sharp declines in public opinion on Muslim groups and Islam. The governments of the V4 countries reacted in a very negative way to the EU plan to introduce a mandatory quota system on asylum seekers. Slovakia and Hungary even filed a legal action at the European Union Court of Justice against their relocation in December 2015. The terrorist attacks in Paris in November and the New Year’s Eve sexual assaults in Cologne further polarised the debate. In the light of growing anti-Muslim sentiments and negative portrayal of Islam which has become mainstream for some sections of the media and politicians, we deemed it necessary to look at these issues from a different perspective and encourage an open dialogue. The conference reader strives to debunk certain myths about Islam, share good practices on ways to counter stereotypes through presenting civil society projects and foster tolerance towards religious diversity in the V4 countries in general.
This chapter identifies ten key dominant Islamophobic narratives and ten key dominant counter-nar... more This chapter identifies ten key dominant Islamophobic narratives and ten key dominant counter-narratives to Islamophobia operating in France. Islamophobic narratives were found to fix Muslims collectively as—in descending order of prevalence—a threat to security, unassimilable, a demographic threat, an Islamisation threat, a threat to local, national and European identity, responsible for excessive women’s oppression, essentially different and violent, incomplete citizens and a risk to the majority, and essentially homophobic.
Depuis le debut des annees 1990, les gouvernements britanniques et francais ont encourage la crea... more Depuis le debut des annees 1990, les gouvernements britanniques et francais ont encourage la creation d’organisations musulmanes. Cependant, pres de vingt ans apres la creation en 1997 du Conseil musulman de Grande-Bretagne (MCB) du role de plus proche allie musulman du gouvernement et de porte-parole des communautes, la question de la representation musulmane n’est toujours pas reglee. En France, le parcours du Conseil francais du culte musulman (CFCM) cree par le gouvernement en 2003 offre certains paralleles avec l’histoire du MCB: affaibli par les luttes intestines de ses membres, celui-ci a finalement echoue a realiser l'unite organisationnelle. Dans ma these, je compare ces deux histoires singulieres et j’etudie les facteurs qui ont entraine le declin de ces conseils nationaux. Je demontre en m’appuyant sur des rapports gouvernementaux, des declarations officielles, des articles de presse et le temoignage des principaux acteurs de la creation de ces organismes, qu'ils ...
This paper is an output from the second workstream of the project which was concerned to describe... more This paper is an output from the second workstream of the project which was concerned to describe and explain the discursive contents and forms that Muslim hatred takes in the eight states considered in the framework of this project: Belgium, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Portugal and United Kingdom. This output comprises eight papers on conditions in individual member states and a comparative overview paper containing Key Messages. In addition this phase also includes assessment of various legal and policy interventions through which the European human rights law apparatus has attempted to conceptually analyse and legally address the multi-faceted phenomenon of Islamophobia. The second workstream examines the operation of identified counter-narratives in a selected range of discursive environments and their impact and influence on public opinion and specific audiences including media and local decision-makers. The third workstream will be producing a transferable EU toolkit of best practice in the use of counter-narratives to anti-Muslim hatred. Finally, the key messages, findings and toolkits will be disseminated to policy makers, professionals and practitioners both across the EU and to member/regional audiences using a range of mediums and activities.
The Countering Islamophobia through the Development of Best Practice in the use of CounterNarrati... more The Countering Islamophobia through the Development of Best Practice in the use of CounterNarratives in EU Member States project addresses the need for a deeper understanding and awareness of the range and operation of counter-narratives to antiMuslim hatred across the EU, and the extent to which these counter-narratives impact and engage with those hostile narratives. This paper is an output from the first workstream of the project which was concerned to describe and explain the discursive contents and forms that Muslim hatred takes in the eight states considered in the framework of this project: Belgium, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Portugal and United Kingdom. This output comprises eight papers on conditions in individual member states and a comparative overview paper containing Key Messages. In addition this phase also includes assessment of various legal and policy interventions through which the European human rights law apparatus has attempted to conceptually analyse and legally address the multi-faceted phenomenon of Islamophobia.
Vo Francúzsku po teroristických útokoch v Paríži vzrástli protimoslimské nálady, časť spoločnosti... more Vo Francúzsku po teroristických útokoch v Paríži vzrástli protimoslimské nálady, časť spoločnosti je vystavená diskriminácii. Je to riešenie?
This paper compares the development of the most significant Muslim organisations in Britain and F... more This paper compares the development of the most significant Muslim organisations in Britain and France, with a focus on the establishment-backed representative bodies as the Muslim Council of Britain (MCB) and the French Muslim Council (CFCM) and their respective “challengers” who emerged once it became apparent the top-down approach imposing one Muslim voice at the expense of pluralism had some important drawbacks.
In 2003, in response to the growing danger of a terrorist attack on the UK, the New Labour govern... more In 2003, in response to the growing danger of a terrorist attack on the UK, the New Labour government launched a new counter-terrorism strategy whose four components – Pursue, Prevent, Protect and Prepare – focused almost exclusively on the British Muslims. While the Protect, НОЯТsОН to nОЮtrКХТsО Кnв ТmmТnОnt tОrrorТst tСrОКt, ТnТtТКХХв КЛsorЛОН most oП tСО strКtОРв's budget, the Prevent section, whose goal was to stop violent extremism and radicalisation, took up Кs mЮМС Кs £140 mТХХТon Тn 2008–2009. Recently, however, tСО РoЯОrnmОnt's strКtОРв oП rОХвТnР on nОа MЮsХТm РroЮps Тn ОбtrОmТsm prevention has been criticised by the religious-based organisations for dividing the community. Indeed, the new policy has broken their monopoly over the administration of the Muslim affairs and encouraged the participation of the progressive Muslim bodies representing the civil society. The sustainability of these new bodies, however, is now questioned, too.
The conference „Muslims are...“ held in Bratislava, Slovakia in October 2016 addressed the attitu... more The conference „Muslims are...“ held in Bratislava, Slovakia in October 2016 addressed the attitudes and opinions of a significant part of the Central European public as well as results of recent opinion polls which confirmed a long-lasting tension, prejudice and aversion towards immigrants from Arab countries, refugees and foreigners. According to the Eurobarometer survey from October 2015, the rate of non-acceptance of ethnic and religious minorities in the Visegrad countries (V4) is among the highest of all EU member states. Although Muslim populations in this region remain very scarce (there are 4,000 Muslims in Slovakia and Czech Republic, 20,000 in Poland and 25,000 in Hungary), the migrant and refugee crisis of 2015 led to sharp declines in public opinion on Muslim groups and Islam. The governments of the V4 countries reacted in a very negative way to the EU plan to introduce a mandatory quota system on asylum seekers. Slovakia and Hungary even filed a legal action at the European Union Court of Justice against their relocation in December 2015. The terrorist attacks in Paris in November and the New Year’s Eve sexual assaults in Cologne further polarised the debate. In the light of growing anti-Muslim sentiments and negative portrayal of Islam which has become mainstream for some sections of the media and politicians, we deemed it necessary to look at these issues from a different perspective and encourage an open dialogue. The conference reader strives to debunk certain myths about Islam, share good practices on ways to counter stereotypes through presenting civil society projects and foster tolerance towards religious diversity in the V4 countries in general.
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Papers by Andrea Bila
This paper is an output from the first workstream of the project which was concerned to describe and explain the discursive contents and forms that Muslim hatred takes in the eight states considered in the framework of this project: Belgium, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Portugal and United Kingdom. This output comprises eight papers on conditions in individual member states and a comparative overview paper containing Key Messages.
In addition this phase also includes assessment of various legal and policy interventions through which the European human rights law apparatus has attempted to conceptually analyse and legally address the multi-faceted phenomenon of Islamophobia.
Books by Andrea Bila
This paper is an output from the first workstream of the project which was concerned to describe and explain the discursive contents and forms that Muslim hatred takes in the eight states considered in the framework of this project: Belgium, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Portugal and United Kingdom. This output comprises eight papers on conditions in individual member states and a comparative overview paper containing Key Messages.
In addition this phase also includes assessment of various legal and policy interventions through which the European human rights law apparatus has attempted to conceptually analyse and legally address the multi-faceted phenomenon of Islamophobia.