This study examined adolescent athletes' expectancy-beliefs, subjective task values, intrinsic mo... more This study examined adolescent athletes' expectancy-beliefs, subjective task values, intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation and amotivation in sports. Two hundred and five athletes (131 males and 74 females) below 21 years old (15.53 + 2.37) completed the expectancy beliefs, subjective task values measures and the Sports Motivation Scale questionnaire. The two-way ANOVA results indicated a significant interaction effect between age group, and
This study was conducted to identify the effect of 4-week leg extension training on the strength ... more This study was conducted to identify the effect of 4-week leg extension training on the strength of quadriceps muscles. Thirty University of Malaya students (n = 30) consisting of fourteen male (n = 14) and sixteen female (n = 16); (age M = 20.33 ± 0.80 years: height M = 165.93 ± 8.75 cm; weight M = 61.12 ± 13.12 kg) who were recruited by using the method of random sampling. These subjects were equally divided into two groups, the experimental group (n = 15) and the control group (n = 15) which respectively with a total of fifteen subjects (male = 7; female = 8) in each group. The experimental group carried out eight sessions of leg extension training. The 1 repetition maximum (1RM) of quadriceps muscles for both groups was obtained twice; pre-test and post-test. The results revealed that eight sessions of leg extension training induced significant improvement (t = 1.97, df = 28, p .05). These results suggest that the four week leg extension training is an ~ffective and suitable met...
Professional tenpin bowlers were examined for their stressors experienced, coping, coping
effect... more Professional tenpin bowlers were examined for their stressors experienced, coping, coping
effectiveness and emotional reactions prior to and during minor and major competitions.
Fifteen tenpin bowlers (male n = 6; female n = 9) completed a diary pack on three separate
periods: one minor competition period and two major competitions periods. Tenpin bowlers
completed a diary to report their stressor encounters, coping strategies, coping effectiveness,
resulting emotions and their intensity on a daily basis. Results showed that the tenpin
bowlers experienced a limited (n = 5) number of stressors over time which accounted for
95% of the stressors reported, almost similar to those observed in Caucasian athletes.
However, unlike Caucasian athletes our sample reported a similar number of positive and
negative emotions. Context (training vs. competitions) and the importance of the
competition were found to influence stress and coping process especially at the level of
individual stressors. Findings suggest a need to further examine cultural similarities and
differences in the stress, coping and emotion process among athletes to prevent
misunderstanding and miscommunication. This will allow the development interventions
which are not only situation and context specific but also culturally sensitive.
This study examined adolescent athletes' expectancy-beliefs, subjective task values, intrinsic mo... more This study examined adolescent athletes' expectancy-beliefs, subjective task values, intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation and amotivation in sports. Two hundred and five athletes (131 males and 74 females) below 21 years old (15.53 + 2.37) completed the expectancy beliefs, subjective task values measures and the Sports Motivation Scale questionnaire. The two-way ANOVA results indicated a significant interaction effect between age group, and
This study was conducted to identify the effect of 4-week leg extension training on the strength ... more This study was conducted to identify the effect of 4-week leg extension training on the strength of quadriceps muscles. Thirty University of Malaya students (n = 30) consisting of fourteen male (n = 14) and sixteen female (n = 16); (age M = 20.33 ± 0.80 years: height M = 165.93 ± 8.75 cm; weight M = 61.12 ± 13.12 kg) who were recruited by using the method of random sampling. These subjects were equally divided into two groups, the experimental group (n = 15) and the control group (n = 15) which respectively with a total of fifteen subjects (male = 7; female = 8) in each group. The experimental group carried out eight sessions of leg extension training. The 1 repetition maximum (1RM) of quadriceps muscles for both groups was obtained twice; pre-test and post-test. The results revealed that eight sessions of leg extension training induced significant improvement (t = 1.97, df = 28, p .05). These results suggest that the four week leg extension training is an ~ffective and suitable met...
Professional tenpin bowlers were examined for their stressors experienced, coping, coping
effect... more Professional tenpin bowlers were examined for their stressors experienced, coping, coping
effectiveness and emotional reactions prior to and during minor and major competitions.
Fifteen tenpin bowlers (male n = 6; female n = 9) completed a diary pack on three separate
periods: one minor competition period and two major competitions periods. Tenpin bowlers
completed a diary to report their stressor encounters, coping strategies, coping effectiveness,
resulting emotions and their intensity on a daily basis. Results showed that the tenpin
bowlers experienced a limited (n = 5) number of stressors over time which accounted for
95% of the stressors reported, almost similar to those observed in Caucasian athletes.
However, unlike Caucasian athletes our sample reported a similar number of positive and
negative emotions. Context (training vs. competitions) and the importance of the
competition were found to influence stress and coping process especially at the level of
individual stressors. Findings suggest a need to further examine cultural similarities and
differences in the stress, coping and emotion process among athletes to prevent
misunderstanding and miscommunication. This will allow the development interventions
which are not only situation and context specific but also culturally sensitive.
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effectiveness and emotional reactions prior to and during minor and major competitions.
Fifteen tenpin bowlers (male n = 6; female n = 9) completed a diary pack on three separate
periods: one minor competition period and two major competitions periods. Tenpin bowlers
completed a diary to report their stressor encounters, coping strategies, coping effectiveness,
resulting emotions and their intensity on a daily basis. Results showed that the tenpin
bowlers experienced a limited (n = 5) number of stressors over time which accounted for
95% of the stressors reported, almost similar to those observed in Caucasian athletes.
However, unlike Caucasian athletes our sample reported a similar number of positive and
negative emotions. Context (training vs. competitions) and the importance of the
competition were found to influence stress and coping process especially at the level of
individual stressors. Findings suggest a need to further examine cultural similarities and
differences in the stress, coping and emotion process among athletes to prevent
misunderstanding and miscommunication. This will allow the development interventions
which are not only situation and context specific but also culturally sensitive.
effectiveness and emotional reactions prior to and during minor and major competitions.
Fifteen tenpin bowlers (male n = 6; female n = 9) completed a diary pack on three separate
periods: one minor competition period and two major competitions periods. Tenpin bowlers
completed a diary to report their stressor encounters, coping strategies, coping effectiveness,
resulting emotions and their intensity on a daily basis. Results showed that the tenpin
bowlers experienced a limited (n = 5) number of stressors over time which accounted for
95% of the stressors reported, almost similar to those observed in Caucasian athletes.
However, unlike Caucasian athletes our sample reported a similar number of positive and
negative emotions. Context (training vs. competitions) and the importance of the
competition were found to influence stress and coping process especially at the level of
individual stressors. Findings suggest a need to further examine cultural similarities and
differences in the stress, coping and emotion process among athletes to prevent
misunderstanding and miscommunication. This will allow the development interventions
which are not only situation and context specific but also culturally sensitive.