OBJECTIVES:
The present study on people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) identifies socio-demographic... more OBJECTIVES: The present study on people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) identifies socio-demographic and health-related factors corresponding with their labour market participation. METHODS: The study sample bases on a German observational sub-study of 527 male PLWHA. The present analysis is restricted to male PLWHA in working age. By means of a multivariate regression, we identify factors that contribute to unemployment and job loss. RESULTS: The probability to be unemployed is significantly negatively correlated with age above 40 years and graduation from university and positively correlated with problems with daily activities (frailty) and disease severity (CDC stage C). The probability of employment loss during the 2-year observation period is significantly negatively correlated with the educational level, whereas frailty and hepatitis C (HCV) co-infection increase the odds of employment loss. CONCLUSIONS: As problems to manage daily activities and disease progression are associated with unemployment, an effective HIV treatment is an important cornerstone for employment. This is also true for the management of comorbidities, such as HCV co-infection, which also negatively affects employment status in our study.
Deutschland, Österreich und die Schweiz sind nicht nur Nachbarländer im Herzen Europas, in denen ... more Deutschland, Österreich und die Schweiz sind nicht nur Nachbarländer im Herzen Europas, in denen die gleiche Sprache gesprochen wird. Die Globalisierung und EU-Osterweiterung, die Alterung der Gesellschaft, die Tertiarisierung und Deindustrialisierung, die zunehmende Individualisierung sowie der Übergang zur Wissensgesellschaft bedeuten für die drei Länder gleichermaßen Chance und Herausforderung. Diese Megatrends beeinflussen nicht nur die Lebensverhältnisse der Menschen, sondern verlangen eine kontinuierliche Überprüfung und Änderung der gesellschaftlichen und wirtschaftlichen Rahmenbedingungen. Aber auch hausgemachte Probleme erfordern von der Politik Lösungen, welche die rechtlichen und institutionellen Voraussetzungen für Beschäftigung und Wachstum verbessern und dadurch den hohen Wohlstand dieser Länder sichern helfen. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird die Reformpolitik in den drei Nachbarstaaten analysiert. Der Untersuchungszeitraum erstreckt sich von September 2002 bis September 2006.
Only inadequately perceived by the Western public, Korea has transformed into an economic heavy w... more Only inadequately perceived by the Western public, Korea has transformed into an economic heavy weight during recent decades. The Korean government believes it can turn it into one of the top 10 competitive economies until 2010. This goal does not sound overambitious as Korea has undergone tremendous efforts in order to forge ahead in the field of research and development. In some high tech industries, Korean firms have advanced into leading players in the global market place and are increasingly challenging their international competitors. Against this background, the volume offers an in-depth analysis of the Korean innovation system and shows how its science and technology policies actually work. As Korea’s economy is now reaching the status of a newly advanced economy, the book also takes a close look on ongoing structural changes in the course of economic globalization.
South Korea has attained spectacular economic success in recent decades. It has reached the statu... more South Korea has attained spectacular economic success in recent decades. It has reached the status of a Newly Advanced Economy, with challenges increasingly mirroring those faced by other advanced economies. These include the necessary upgrading of the labor force, the frictions of switching to a national system of innovation adapted to leadership in R&D, market-based economic policies that reflect the government’s difficulties in foreseeing future technological developments, and the consequences of social change for the innovation system and policy-making. In the forthcoming book the parallel challenges for innovation and technology for the Republic of Korea and other advanced economies will be analyzed more thoroughly with an international perspective in mind. This comparison and international benchmarking will allow policy makers and scholars to better appreciate how much the country has already moved into the circle of globally leading economies and what can be done to consolidate and strengthen its position
Der Artikel beschreibt den moglichen Einsatz von Daten, die nicht aus klinischen Studien stammen,... more Der Artikel beschreibt den moglichen Einsatz von Daten, die nicht aus klinischen Studien stammen, fur die Zulassung und die Preisermittlung bei Marktzugang. Hierbei wird zwischen strukturierten Daten aus der Versorgung, sogenannte Real-World-Daten, wie z. B. Abrechnungsdaten, und grosen unstrukturierten Daten von Personen, sogenannte Big Data, wie z. B. Daten aus Genomanalysen und von mobilen Geraten, unterschieden. Fur den Einsatz von Real-World-Daten werden Datenquellen gelistet und Beispiele fur deren Einsatz in den grosen Markten der pharmazeutischen Industrie genannt. Fur den Einsatz von Big Data werden die Besonderheiten fur einen Einsatz bei der Zulassung und dem Marktzugang diskutiert und es wird uber die Aktivitaten sowohl der Zulassungs- als auch der Bewertungsinstitute berichtet. Am Ende wird die Frage diskutiert, mit welchen Methoden diese Daten analysiert werden konnen, um die fur beide Behorden notwendige Sicherheit zu erlangen, die fur eine Zulassung oder den Marktzug...
Background: The business model of the pharmaceutical industry is changing and a higher emphasize ... more Background: The business model of the pharmaceutical industry is changing and a higher emphasize is placed on health economic expertise in order to demonstrate not only clinical but also economic value of new products. While many studies evaluate work preferences of physicians, we have not come across a study on health economists, although their importance is increasing. To fill this gap, we surveyed health economics students and experienced health economists about their job expectations and job preferences. Methods: From the management literature we have identified four relevant factors that affect job satisfaction: Corporate culture, employer’s reputation, financial remuneration, and scientific way of working. By means of an online survey we have asked 54 health economics students and experienced health economists about the importance of those factors. The respondents also had to assess the expression of the factors within industry, academia, insurances, hospitals, and association...
The adherence level of Asthma therapy is low. We provide a literature overview about the determin... more The adherence level of Asthma therapy is low. We provide a literature overview about the determinants of adherence in asthma therapy, and potential options that lead to an improvement of adherence. We also discuss cost issues of poor adherence. A systematic literature search was conducted and 53 articles were identified. The most prominent driving factors of adherence are patient beliefs, comorbidities, physician-patient relationship, and medication regimen. The cost effectiveness of adherence improving measures has yet to be shown. As asthma control is primarily depended on adherence, cost effective adherence programs need to be developed that respond to patients' individual needs.
"In dem Beitrag wird der Einfluss von keiretsu-Strukturen auf das Investitionsverhalten von ... more "In dem Beitrag wird der Einfluss von keiretsu-Strukturen auf das Investitionsverhalten von japanischen Strukturen im Rahmen einer empirischen Untersuchung untersucht. Theoretischen Überlegungen zufolge sollten keiretsu-Unternehmen in ihrem Investitionsverhalten aufgrund von geringeren Informationskosten weniger stark vom eigenen Cash-flow abhängig sein als unabhängige Unternehmen. Unsere Stichprobe umfasst 1.200 börsennotierte japanische Unternehmen von 1985 bis 2004. Wir finden, dass der Cash-flow der Unternehmen ein wichtiger Erklärungsfaktor für Investitionen sowohl in Sachanlagen als auch in Forschung und Entwicklung ist. Im Gegensatz zu älteren Studien wie der von Hoshi et al. (1991) stellen wir fest, dass sich das Investitionsverhalten von Unternehmen, die einem keiretsu angehören, nicht signifikant von unabhängigen Unternehmen unterscheidet. We analyze the determinants of capital expenditures and R&D outlays in a large sample of listed Japanese companies over the 1985-2004 period. We provide empirical evidence for the role of cash flow as a determinant of both types of investment. In contrast to earlier studies such as Hoshi et al. (1991), our findings suggest that the investment behavior of Keiretsu members is not different from unaffiliated companies."
Introduction Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) can occur as an immunological response after an all... more Introduction Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) can occur as an immunological response after an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). Due to the rarity of the disease German epidemiological data are scarce. Moreover, not all cases of GvHD are properly documented in daily practice. Against this background, this study aims at providing new estimates on the incidence of GvHD in Germany. Methods Based on a large German claims database, a retrospective longitudinal analysis was conducted over a six-year period. Patients were selected that received allo- HCT between 2014 and 2015. Follow up period was three years. To adjust the incidence for undocumented cases, steroid prescriptions after an allo-HCT was used as an approximation. Based on both documented and undocumented GvHD patients, incidence rates were calculated. Results Among 3,737,317 eligible database enrollees, we identified 297 patients who received an allo-HCT between 2014 and 2015. Depending on the extrapolat...
Limited availability of real-world data that describe treatment patterns of Japanese prostate can... more Limited availability of real-world data that describe treatment patterns of Japanese prostate cancer (PCA) patients. A biweekly transition analysis of PCA treatment was performed for patients with PCA diagnosis and a specific treatment between 2010 and 2015. To account for different cancer stages, two patient populations were analyzed. The first group consisted of patients on medication for hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC). The second group is comprised of patients who ended up receiving specific therapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). For each treatment, the average of treatment duration and the portion of patients transitioning to a consecutive treatment was calculated. We identified 59,626 patients from the Japanese administrative database with a PCA diagnosis and specific treatment. In the first year of our observational study 786 patients commenced a HSPC treatment and 695 received a CRPC specific therapy Among the HSPC group, we found that combination ...
With the progress being made in the treatment of multiple myeloma and other complex cancers, a va... more With the progress being made in the treatment of multiple myeloma and other complex cancers, a variety of clinical research and treatment options are being pursued. This study uses a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to estimate treatment characteristic preferences of hematologists in Japan. A 2-stage process was applied within this study. The first stage is an attribute-rating exercise in which each of the full list of 21 attributes is rated on its importance by the clinicians when selecting a first-line therapy. The top 8 rated attributes from a stepwise logistic regression model are then used to develop a DCE to estimate hematologists' willingness to trade-off characteristics of the treatment options in their recommendation of a first-line treatment. A logit model was used to identify the attribute levels that were the strongest determinants of the physicians' treatment preferences. From among the potential treatment attributes presented, improved overall survival had the ...
The International journal of health planning and management, Jan 11, 2015
The objective of this study is to analyse determinants of physician office visits and potential e... more The objective of this study is to analyse determinants of physician office visits and potential effects of co-payments in Austria. Based on survey data, the number of annual physician office visits is regressed on a set of explanatory variable such as income, communication behaviour in waiting room, travel time, gender, age, presence of chronic diseases and connectedness to family members. It was then examined how those determinants are affected by hypothetical co-payments in the range of €5 to €200. Our results suggest a negative impact of income and family connectedness on doctor's visits. On the other hand, age, morbidity and active communication behaviour in the waiting room are positively associated with office visits. The significant impact of both income and active communication behaviour on the number of doctor's visits disappears when significant co-payments greater than €50 are introduced. Higher co-payments would reduce healthcare service utilization in Austria ma...
OBJECTIVES:
The present study on people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) identifies socio-demographic... more OBJECTIVES: The present study on people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) identifies socio-demographic and health-related factors corresponding with their labour market participation. METHODS: The study sample bases on a German observational sub-study of 527 male PLWHA. The present analysis is restricted to male PLWHA in working age. By means of a multivariate regression, we identify factors that contribute to unemployment and job loss. RESULTS: The probability to be unemployed is significantly negatively correlated with age above 40 years and graduation from university and positively correlated with problems with daily activities (frailty) and disease severity (CDC stage C). The probability of employment loss during the 2-year observation period is significantly negatively correlated with the educational level, whereas frailty and hepatitis C (HCV) co-infection increase the odds of employment loss. CONCLUSIONS: As problems to manage daily activities and disease progression are associated with unemployment, an effective HIV treatment is an important cornerstone for employment. This is also true for the management of comorbidities, such as HCV co-infection, which also negatively affects employment status in our study.
Deutschland, Österreich und die Schweiz sind nicht nur Nachbarländer im Herzen Europas, in denen ... more Deutschland, Österreich und die Schweiz sind nicht nur Nachbarländer im Herzen Europas, in denen die gleiche Sprache gesprochen wird. Die Globalisierung und EU-Osterweiterung, die Alterung der Gesellschaft, die Tertiarisierung und Deindustrialisierung, die zunehmende Individualisierung sowie der Übergang zur Wissensgesellschaft bedeuten für die drei Länder gleichermaßen Chance und Herausforderung. Diese Megatrends beeinflussen nicht nur die Lebensverhältnisse der Menschen, sondern verlangen eine kontinuierliche Überprüfung und Änderung der gesellschaftlichen und wirtschaftlichen Rahmenbedingungen. Aber auch hausgemachte Probleme erfordern von der Politik Lösungen, welche die rechtlichen und institutionellen Voraussetzungen für Beschäftigung und Wachstum verbessern und dadurch den hohen Wohlstand dieser Länder sichern helfen. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird die Reformpolitik in den drei Nachbarstaaten analysiert. Der Untersuchungszeitraum erstreckt sich von September 2002 bis September 2006.
Only inadequately perceived by the Western public, Korea has transformed into an economic heavy w... more Only inadequately perceived by the Western public, Korea has transformed into an economic heavy weight during recent decades. The Korean government believes it can turn it into one of the top 10 competitive economies until 2010. This goal does not sound overambitious as Korea has undergone tremendous efforts in order to forge ahead in the field of research and development. In some high tech industries, Korean firms have advanced into leading players in the global market place and are increasingly challenging their international competitors. Against this background, the volume offers an in-depth analysis of the Korean innovation system and shows how its science and technology policies actually work. As Korea’s economy is now reaching the status of a newly advanced economy, the book also takes a close look on ongoing structural changes in the course of economic globalization.
South Korea has attained spectacular economic success in recent decades. It has reached the statu... more South Korea has attained spectacular economic success in recent decades. It has reached the status of a Newly Advanced Economy, with challenges increasingly mirroring those faced by other advanced economies. These include the necessary upgrading of the labor force, the frictions of switching to a national system of innovation adapted to leadership in R&D, market-based economic policies that reflect the government’s difficulties in foreseeing future technological developments, and the consequences of social change for the innovation system and policy-making. In the forthcoming book the parallel challenges for innovation and technology for the Republic of Korea and other advanced economies will be analyzed more thoroughly with an international perspective in mind. This comparison and international benchmarking will allow policy makers and scholars to better appreciate how much the country has already moved into the circle of globally leading economies and what can be done to consolidate and strengthen its position
Der Artikel beschreibt den moglichen Einsatz von Daten, die nicht aus klinischen Studien stammen,... more Der Artikel beschreibt den moglichen Einsatz von Daten, die nicht aus klinischen Studien stammen, fur die Zulassung und die Preisermittlung bei Marktzugang. Hierbei wird zwischen strukturierten Daten aus der Versorgung, sogenannte Real-World-Daten, wie z. B. Abrechnungsdaten, und grosen unstrukturierten Daten von Personen, sogenannte Big Data, wie z. B. Daten aus Genomanalysen und von mobilen Geraten, unterschieden. Fur den Einsatz von Real-World-Daten werden Datenquellen gelistet und Beispiele fur deren Einsatz in den grosen Markten der pharmazeutischen Industrie genannt. Fur den Einsatz von Big Data werden die Besonderheiten fur einen Einsatz bei der Zulassung und dem Marktzugang diskutiert und es wird uber die Aktivitaten sowohl der Zulassungs- als auch der Bewertungsinstitute berichtet. Am Ende wird die Frage diskutiert, mit welchen Methoden diese Daten analysiert werden konnen, um die fur beide Behorden notwendige Sicherheit zu erlangen, die fur eine Zulassung oder den Marktzug...
Background: The business model of the pharmaceutical industry is changing and a higher emphasize ... more Background: The business model of the pharmaceutical industry is changing and a higher emphasize is placed on health economic expertise in order to demonstrate not only clinical but also economic value of new products. While many studies evaluate work preferences of physicians, we have not come across a study on health economists, although their importance is increasing. To fill this gap, we surveyed health economics students and experienced health economists about their job expectations and job preferences. Methods: From the management literature we have identified four relevant factors that affect job satisfaction: Corporate culture, employer’s reputation, financial remuneration, and scientific way of working. By means of an online survey we have asked 54 health economics students and experienced health economists about the importance of those factors. The respondents also had to assess the expression of the factors within industry, academia, insurances, hospitals, and association...
The adherence level of Asthma therapy is low. We provide a literature overview about the determin... more The adherence level of Asthma therapy is low. We provide a literature overview about the determinants of adherence in asthma therapy, and potential options that lead to an improvement of adherence. We also discuss cost issues of poor adherence. A systematic literature search was conducted and 53 articles were identified. The most prominent driving factors of adherence are patient beliefs, comorbidities, physician-patient relationship, and medication regimen. The cost effectiveness of adherence improving measures has yet to be shown. As asthma control is primarily depended on adherence, cost effective adherence programs need to be developed that respond to patients' individual needs.
"In dem Beitrag wird der Einfluss von keiretsu-Strukturen auf das Investitionsverhalten von ... more "In dem Beitrag wird der Einfluss von keiretsu-Strukturen auf das Investitionsverhalten von japanischen Strukturen im Rahmen einer empirischen Untersuchung untersucht. Theoretischen Überlegungen zufolge sollten keiretsu-Unternehmen in ihrem Investitionsverhalten aufgrund von geringeren Informationskosten weniger stark vom eigenen Cash-flow abhängig sein als unabhängige Unternehmen. Unsere Stichprobe umfasst 1.200 börsennotierte japanische Unternehmen von 1985 bis 2004. Wir finden, dass der Cash-flow der Unternehmen ein wichtiger Erklärungsfaktor für Investitionen sowohl in Sachanlagen als auch in Forschung und Entwicklung ist. Im Gegensatz zu älteren Studien wie der von Hoshi et al. (1991) stellen wir fest, dass sich das Investitionsverhalten von Unternehmen, die einem keiretsu angehören, nicht signifikant von unabhängigen Unternehmen unterscheidet. We analyze the determinants of capital expenditures and R&D outlays in a large sample of listed Japanese companies over the 1985-2004 period. We provide empirical evidence for the role of cash flow as a determinant of both types of investment. In contrast to earlier studies such as Hoshi et al. (1991), our findings suggest that the investment behavior of Keiretsu members is not different from unaffiliated companies."
Introduction Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) can occur as an immunological response after an all... more Introduction Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) can occur as an immunological response after an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). Due to the rarity of the disease German epidemiological data are scarce. Moreover, not all cases of GvHD are properly documented in daily practice. Against this background, this study aims at providing new estimates on the incidence of GvHD in Germany. Methods Based on a large German claims database, a retrospective longitudinal analysis was conducted over a six-year period. Patients were selected that received allo- HCT between 2014 and 2015. Follow up period was three years. To adjust the incidence for undocumented cases, steroid prescriptions after an allo-HCT was used as an approximation. Based on both documented and undocumented GvHD patients, incidence rates were calculated. Results Among 3,737,317 eligible database enrollees, we identified 297 patients who received an allo-HCT between 2014 and 2015. Depending on the extrapolat...
Limited availability of real-world data that describe treatment patterns of Japanese prostate can... more Limited availability of real-world data that describe treatment patterns of Japanese prostate cancer (PCA) patients. A biweekly transition analysis of PCA treatment was performed for patients with PCA diagnosis and a specific treatment between 2010 and 2015. To account for different cancer stages, two patient populations were analyzed. The first group consisted of patients on medication for hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC). The second group is comprised of patients who ended up receiving specific therapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). For each treatment, the average of treatment duration and the portion of patients transitioning to a consecutive treatment was calculated. We identified 59,626 patients from the Japanese administrative database with a PCA diagnosis and specific treatment. In the first year of our observational study 786 patients commenced a HSPC treatment and 695 received a CRPC specific therapy Among the HSPC group, we found that combination ...
With the progress being made in the treatment of multiple myeloma and other complex cancers, a va... more With the progress being made in the treatment of multiple myeloma and other complex cancers, a variety of clinical research and treatment options are being pursued. This study uses a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to estimate treatment characteristic preferences of hematologists in Japan. A 2-stage process was applied within this study. The first stage is an attribute-rating exercise in which each of the full list of 21 attributes is rated on its importance by the clinicians when selecting a first-line therapy. The top 8 rated attributes from a stepwise logistic regression model are then used to develop a DCE to estimate hematologists' willingness to trade-off characteristics of the treatment options in their recommendation of a first-line treatment. A logit model was used to identify the attribute levels that were the strongest determinants of the physicians' treatment preferences. From among the potential treatment attributes presented, improved overall survival had the ...
The International journal of health planning and management, Jan 11, 2015
The objective of this study is to analyse determinants of physician office visits and potential e... more The objective of this study is to analyse determinants of physician office visits and potential effects of co-payments in Austria. Based on survey data, the number of annual physician office visits is regressed on a set of explanatory variable such as income, communication behaviour in waiting room, travel time, gender, age, presence of chronic diseases and connectedness to family members. It was then examined how those determinants are affected by hypothetical co-payments in the range of €5 to €200. Our results suggest a negative impact of income and family connectedness on doctor's visits. On the other hand, age, morbidity and active communication behaviour in the waiting room are positively associated with office visits. The significant impact of both income and active communication behaviour on the number of doctor's visits disappears when significant co-payments greater than €50 are introduced. Higher co-payments would reduce healthcare service utilization in Austria ma...
Simeprevir (SMV), a protease inhibitor, recently became available for the treatment of chronic he... more Simeprevir (SMV), a protease inhibitor, recently became available for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C (HCV) genotype 1 patients in Japan. The introduction of triple therapy using SMV in combination with peginterferon and ribavirin (PR) significantly improves the cure rate. The aim was to assess the cost-effectiveness of SMV with PR (SMV/PR) compared to telaprevir with PR (TVR/PR), PR alone, or no treatment in treatment-naïve patients in Japan. A Markov model was developed to reflect the natural disease progression of HCV and to estimate the average life years and lifetime healthcare costs per patient. Sustained virologic response rates were obtained from a network meta-analysis including randomized clinical trials conducted in Japan. Patient baseline characteristics, HCV progression rates, mortality, medical resource utilization, and unit costs were obtained from Japanese sources. Outcomes were reported as incremental cost-effectiveness ratios as well as incremental cost and li...
Background: With the introduction of highly active combined antiretroviral therapy (c-ART) mortal... more Background: With the introduction of highly active combined antiretroviral therapy (c-ART) mortality and morbidity of HIV patients declined substantially. Earlier studies reported that c-ART was able to save health-care costs due to a reduction of other direct medical costs, particularly for inpatient treatments and concomitant medication. To date, analyses of costs and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of patients under c-ART are lacking in Germany. Hence, this study aims to estimate the current cost of illness and HRQOL of HIV-patients under c-ART in different treatment lines. Methods: A multicenter, prospective observational study was carried out in 12 specialised German centres for infectious diseases: 8 private practices/outpatient centres and 4 specialised hospitals offering both inpatient and outpatient services. Demographic, clinical and medication data were derived from patient records. Resource utilisation, information on productivity, out of pocket costs and HRQOL (E...
Zusammenfassung Ziel der Studie Aktualisierte Untersuchung von Auswirkungen einer Initiierung von... more Zusammenfassung Ziel der Studie Aktualisierte Untersuchung von Auswirkungen einer Initiierung von Depot-Antipsychotika-Therapie (LAI, long-acting injectable antipsychotic) auf die Hospitalisierungsraten und Therapiekosten deutscher Schizophrenie-Patienten. Methodik Retrospektive Mirror-Image-Design-Studie der Kassendaten von 1142 deutschen Schizophrenie-Patienten, die in den Jahren 2013 bis 2016 eine Behandlung mit LAIs begonnen haben. Für die eingeschlossenen Patienten wurden die Kosten und Ressourcenverwendung 12 Monate vor dem Index-Datum (Erstinitiierung des LAI) und 12 Monate nach dem Index-Datum verglichen. Zur Bewertung von Krankenhausaufenthalten und deren Kosten wurden 2 Modelle verwendet. In Modell 1 wurde der Krankenhausaufenthalt während des Indexdatums dem Prä-Index-Zeitintervall zugeordnet, in Modell 2 weder dem Prä- noch dem Post-Index-Zeitintervall. Ergebnisse Die Medikationskosten waren nach der Umstellung auf LAIs signifikant höher (3863,9 € vs. 777,6 €; p
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Books by Jörg Mahlich
The present study on people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) identifies socio-demographic and health-related factors corresponding with their labour market participation.
METHODS:
The study sample bases on a German observational sub-study of 527 male PLWHA. The present analysis is restricted to male PLWHA in working age. By means of a multivariate regression, we identify factors that contribute to unemployment and job loss.
RESULTS:
The probability to be unemployed is significantly negatively correlated with age above 40 years and graduation from university and positively correlated with problems with daily activities (frailty) and disease severity (CDC stage C). The probability of employment loss during the 2-year observation period is significantly negatively correlated with the educational level, whereas frailty and hepatitis C (HCV) co-infection increase the odds of employment loss.
CONCLUSIONS:
As problems to manage daily activities and disease progression are associated with unemployment, an effective HIV treatment is an important cornerstone for employment. This is also true for the management of comorbidities, such as HCV co-infection, which also negatively affects employment status in our study.
Papers by Jörg Mahlich
The present study on people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) identifies socio-demographic and health-related factors corresponding with their labour market participation.
METHODS:
The study sample bases on a German observational sub-study of 527 male PLWHA. The present analysis is restricted to male PLWHA in working age. By means of a multivariate regression, we identify factors that contribute to unemployment and job loss.
RESULTS:
The probability to be unemployed is significantly negatively correlated with age above 40 years and graduation from university and positively correlated with problems with daily activities (frailty) and disease severity (CDC stage C). The probability of employment loss during the 2-year observation period is significantly negatively correlated with the educational level, whereas frailty and hepatitis C (HCV) co-infection increase the odds of employment loss.
CONCLUSIONS:
As problems to manage daily activities and disease progression are associated with unemployment, an effective HIV treatment is an important cornerstone for employment. This is also true for the management of comorbidities, such as HCV co-infection, which also negatively affects employment status in our study.