In: Martin A. Guggisberg, Marta Billo-Imbach (eds.), Burial Taphonomy and Post-Funeral Practices in Pre-Roman Italy. Problems and Perspectives. Papers of the International Workshop held at the University of Basel, January 12th, 2021, Heidelberg: Propylaeum 2023, 81–111
In the 7th and 6th centuries BCE, Sicily saw migratory movements to and on the island, new power ... more In the 7th and 6th centuries BCE, Sicily saw migratory movements to and on the island, new power relations, and intercultural interconnections. In this environment, new communities emerged, existing communities were reconfigured and both were challenged to negotiate their lifeworlds. Drawing on concepts of community, locality and resilience, this paper examines how local communities in southern Sicily formed, consolidated their cohesion and demonstrated resilience, by taking a closer look at two sites and their burial grounds. Castiglione di Ragusa was located in a culturally diverse microregion, and yet the community maintained a steady consistency in burial practices and assemblages, while the community of Butera merged vessel depositions, cremations and differential body treatment in unique funerary conventions. The paper concludes that both communities mobilised social practices, material culture and cultural knowledge to create localised differences and built on these differences to forge and maintain a sense of belonging and boundedness.
The paper analyzes notions of childhood in pre-Roman south-east Italy based on more than 170 fune... more The paper analyzes notions of childhood in pre-Roman south-east Italy based on more than 170 funerary features with subadult depositions at three sites, viz. Ascoli Satriano and Ordona in northern Apulia and Ripacandida in the Basilicata. In order to understand early age both in a regional view and in its local manifestations, we discuss this dataset in terms of spatial placement, equipment with grave-goods as well as funerary and post-burial practices of subadult burials. The paper employs a twofold theoretical approach: A life-course perspective allows to sketch how conceptions of social age shift over early life and dynamically intersect with other social categories such as gender and status. A relational approach positions childhood in wider social structures and is sensitive to how funerary assemblages and practices constitute the post-mortem identity of children, reconfigure the social identities of the bereaved and deploy strategies of coping with loss. In integrating these two strands, we investigate whether and how mortuary performances and assemblages represent age-based identities, relate to infant needs and development and reflect how subadult individuals were embedded in, but also contributed to, their communities in life.
In the archaeology of death and burial, the premise that the dead were buried ritually and not si... more In the archaeology of death and burial, the premise that the dead were buried ritually and not simply disposed of seems to be accepted without argument. Where graves were reopened and reused for subsequent burials, however, the post-funeral manipulation of ‘older’ depositions is often regarded as having been primarily pragmatic and circumstantial. Countering this interpretative imbalance, we argue that the reuse of tombs was a highly complex procedure that forced communities into negotiating and formalizing, or even ritualizing, the way in which bodies and objects were acted on and engaged with. Taking the necropolis Giarnera Piccola/Ascoli Satriano in pre-Roman northern Apulia as a case study, and employing a microarchaeological-archaeothanatological perspective, we discuss the diverse and sometimes conflicting practices used to deal with pre-existing graves, objects and human remains, identifying tensions between maintaining or reconstructing the integrity of the body and intentionally manipulating and fragmenting it. We argue that repeatedly reused tombs constituted a socially and symbolically charged arena for a prolonged, active relationship with the deceased and for mobilizing, mediating and maintaining inter-generational memories.
In: Armando Gravina (ed.): 38° Convegno Nazionale sulla Preistoria – Protostoria – Storia della Daunia, San Severo 18–19 novembre 2017, San Severo 2018, 319–340, 2018
Dal 1999 gli scavi di ricerca dell’Università di Innsbruck ad Ascoli Satriano si sono concentrati... more Dal 1999 gli scavi di ricerca dell’Università di Innsbruck ad Ascoli Satriano si sono concentrati nel distretto della Giarnera Piccola, situata a sudovest dell’insediamento moderno, presso i pendii dei colli Serpente e Castello. Gli scavi in questa zona hanno portato alla luce un totale di novanta tombe. Queste risalgono ad un periodo compreso tra la fine dell’VIII secolo e la fine del IV secolo a.C., con una concentrazione tra il tardo V ed il IV secolo a.C. Per la maggior parte si tratta di tombe a fossa mentre, in piccola parte, sono attestate anche tombe a grotticella. Anche se per lo più si contano sepolture individuali, un totale di diciotto di esse testimonia la pratica della deposizione contemporanea doppia, nota anche come ‘bisomia’, o del riuso delle tombe tramite deposizioni multiple successive che è una pratica estremamente diffusa e variegata nella Puglia preromana e particolarmente in Daunia. Le tombe riutilizzate della Giarnera Piccola sono il punto di partenza per le riflessioni che seguono, che hanno lo scopo di mostrare quale potenziale per ulteriori considerazioni socio-archeologiche nello studio dettagliato di tali pratiche si celi in esse.
In: Ilkka Lindstedt, Jaakko Hämeen-Anttila, Raija Mattila, Robert Rollinger (eds.), Case Studies in Transmission, The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient and Mediaeval Near East 1, Münster: Ugarit-Verlag 2014, 73–101
In: Florian M. Müller, Veronika Sossau (eds.), Gefährtinnen. Vom Umgang mit Prostitution in der griechischen Antike und heute, Spectanda 1, Innsbruck: innsbruck university press 2012, 55–70
Zu den an sich schönsten Exponaten der Archäologischen Sammlung der Universität Wien zählt der so... more Zu den an sich schönsten Exponaten der Archäologischen Sammlung der Universität Wien zählt der sog. Nereidenkrater. Datiert um 430/20 v. Chr. und dem Athener Maler Polygnotos zugeschrieben, zeigt das großformatige Weinmischgefäß drei Szenen aus dem Kampf um Troja, die miteinander zu einer komplexen Bilderzählung verwoben sind. Von diesem einstigen Prachtgefäß vermitteln die erhaltenen Fragmente bisher aber kaum einen Eindruck, obwohl die Scherben bereits 1888 Eingang in die Sammlung fanden und seither in der Forschung gut bekannt sind. Diesen Zustand sollte eine Neubearbeitung ändern, von welcher der Vortrag berichtet: Er verfolgt die Spur des Nereidenkraters zurück zu dessen Fundort, dem etruskischen Vulci, rekonstruiert die Umstände des Ankaufes und zeichnet die Verflechtungen des Objekts mit der Geschichte der Wiener Klassischen Archäologie nach, zuvorderst mit Otto Benndorf und dem jungen Ludwig Pollak. Ausgehend von einer neuen Rekonstruktion beleuchtet der Vortrag die einzelnen Vasenbilder, stellt diese in ihre ikonographische Tradition und fragt nach dem Verhältnis der Bilder zu Bühnenfassungen derselben Stoffe im klassischen Athen. Nicht zuletzt lotet der Beitrag aus, welche Möglichkeiten digitale Methoden, etwa 3D-Scan, 3D-Modellierung und Visualisierungsverfahren, bieten, um disparate Sammlungsobjekte wissenschaftlich zu dokumentieren, aber auch für eine breitere Öffentlichkeit zu erschließen.
In order to understand children as active participants in lived religion and in the communities o... more In order to understand children as active participants in lived religion and in the communities of early Roman southern Italy, this paper focuses on the so-called “Catarinella” askos, variously dated between the 3rd and the first half of the 1st century BCE. This unique painted vessel from Lavello (Basilicata) depicts a funerary ceremony with children serving as musicians and interacting with the corpse. The paper argues that pre-adult community members, though barely visible as such in the region’s burial record, were integrated in administering funerary ceremonies, expressing grief and mourning, and performing practices of lamentation. To make this case, the paper contextualises the askos within the figurative repertoire of southern Italy, drawing on 4th-century funerary paintings from Campania and terracotta figurines from tombs in 4th- and 3rd-century northern Apulia, but also on earlier Italic depictions and later Roman parallels. By emphasising the interplay of Italic, Greek and Roman traditions, it situates the pictorial evidence provided by the “Catarinella” askos in the context of the profound political, cultural and ritual changes that took place in Daunia during the Middle and Late Republican periods.
Food, foodstuff, and the utensils used to prepare and consume food have always been central to pe... more Food, foodstuff, and the utensils used to prepare and consume food have always been central to people's daily lives and to their sense and expression of social identity. This paper examines food-related miniatures and models from pre-Roman southern Italy in order to understand the significance of food and its symbolic consumption in ritual practices. It examines two groups of "fake food" objects that appeared in many funerary assemblages in Campania, Calabria, Basilicata and Apulia in the 4th century B.C.E.: firstly, non-functional feasting utensils made of lead, such as roasting spits, fire dogs, candelabra, knives and forks, and secondly, food-shaped terracotta objects such as fruit, bread, cheese and sweets. The paper collects and classifies these objects and contextualizes them within the funerary assemblages of the period and within the longer history of how food-related objects were used in funerary display in southern Italy. It interprets the evidence at both local and supra-regional levels, also by comparing the funerary fake-food objects with items from cult sites, as well as with images in contemporary funerary painting in some of these regions. Based on concepts of symbolic consumption, the paper shows how food-related miniatures and models had the potential to express social identities by referring to the home, hearth, and household. It concludes that the micro-level emphasis on commensality and communality through faux food objects was informed by macro-level processes of community crystallization and definition, particularly in Calabria and Basilicata in the 4th century B.C.E., processes that have been controversially discussed as the "migration" or "ethnogenesis" of the Lucanians and Bruttians.
The Archaeological Collection of the Institute of Classical Archaeology at the University of Vien... more The Archaeological Collection of the Institute of Classical Archaeology at the University of Vienna has come a long way since its foundation in 1868/69. Established as a ‘study collection’, it has gone through various phases of appreciation and neglect and has endured more than one relocation and reorientation. Today, the Collection has entered a period of intense activity, encompassing teaching and public outreach, as well as research. With limited resources but a highly motivated team of students, a blog on Attic vase inscriptions has been conceived and launched, leading to a spin-off project on the reconstruction and digitally enhanced presentation of one of the vessels. A number of activities have been or are being carried out to engage the wider public: One event should encourage pupils to appropriate the Collection as a space to learn about their agemates in Classical antiquity; another format uses the plaster casts as a laboratory for people with and without visual impairments or low vision; and a programme, mainly driven by student engagement, transforms the Collection into an ambience for engaging with sensory experiences in the past, a topic that should appeal to contemporary interests as much as emotions or animals, which are the focus of other events. In my presentation, I would like to share the experiences of our team, but also to raise the question, still unresolved for me, of how archaeological university collections can consolidate their activities as sustainable ones. How can we turn the enthusiasm we invest in one-off public events, and the interest they generate, into a substantial awareness of our importance, especially in cities with a myriad of competing cultural players? And how can we ensure that the effects of our efforts last beyond a few years, for example by attracting future first-generation students?
In: Martin A. Guggisberg, Marta Billo-Imbach (eds.), Burial Taphonomy and Post-Funeral Practices in Pre-Roman Italy. Problems and Perspectives. Papers of the International Workshop held at the University of Basel, January 12th, 2021, Heidelberg: Propylaeum 2023, 81–111
In the 7th and 6th centuries BCE, Sicily saw migratory movements to and on the island, new power ... more In the 7th and 6th centuries BCE, Sicily saw migratory movements to and on the island, new power relations, and intercultural interconnections. In this environment, new communities emerged, existing communities were reconfigured and both were challenged to negotiate their lifeworlds. Drawing on concepts of community, locality and resilience, this paper examines how local communities in southern Sicily formed, consolidated their cohesion and demonstrated resilience, by taking a closer look at two sites and their burial grounds. Castiglione di Ragusa was located in a culturally diverse microregion, and yet the community maintained a steady consistency in burial practices and assemblages, while the community of Butera merged vessel depositions, cremations and differential body treatment in unique funerary conventions. The paper concludes that both communities mobilised social practices, material culture and cultural knowledge to create localised differences and built on these differences to forge and maintain a sense of belonging and boundedness.
The paper analyzes notions of childhood in pre-Roman south-east Italy based on more than 170 fune... more The paper analyzes notions of childhood in pre-Roman south-east Italy based on more than 170 funerary features with subadult depositions at three sites, viz. Ascoli Satriano and Ordona in northern Apulia and Ripacandida in the Basilicata. In order to understand early age both in a regional view and in its local manifestations, we discuss this dataset in terms of spatial placement, equipment with grave-goods as well as funerary and post-burial practices of subadult burials. The paper employs a twofold theoretical approach: A life-course perspective allows to sketch how conceptions of social age shift over early life and dynamically intersect with other social categories such as gender and status. A relational approach positions childhood in wider social structures and is sensitive to how funerary assemblages and practices constitute the post-mortem identity of children, reconfigure the social identities of the bereaved and deploy strategies of coping with loss. In integrating these two strands, we investigate whether and how mortuary performances and assemblages represent age-based identities, relate to infant needs and development and reflect how subadult individuals were embedded in, but also contributed to, their communities in life.
In the archaeology of death and burial, the premise that the dead were buried ritually and not si... more In the archaeology of death and burial, the premise that the dead were buried ritually and not simply disposed of seems to be accepted without argument. Where graves were reopened and reused for subsequent burials, however, the post-funeral manipulation of ‘older’ depositions is often regarded as having been primarily pragmatic and circumstantial. Countering this interpretative imbalance, we argue that the reuse of tombs was a highly complex procedure that forced communities into negotiating and formalizing, or even ritualizing, the way in which bodies and objects were acted on and engaged with. Taking the necropolis Giarnera Piccola/Ascoli Satriano in pre-Roman northern Apulia as a case study, and employing a microarchaeological-archaeothanatological perspective, we discuss the diverse and sometimes conflicting practices used to deal with pre-existing graves, objects and human remains, identifying tensions between maintaining or reconstructing the integrity of the body and intentionally manipulating and fragmenting it. We argue that repeatedly reused tombs constituted a socially and symbolically charged arena for a prolonged, active relationship with the deceased and for mobilizing, mediating and maintaining inter-generational memories.
In: Armando Gravina (ed.): 38° Convegno Nazionale sulla Preistoria – Protostoria – Storia della Daunia, San Severo 18–19 novembre 2017, San Severo 2018, 319–340, 2018
Dal 1999 gli scavi di ricerca dell’Università di Innsbruck ad Ascoli Satriano si sono concentrati... more Dal 1999 gli scavi di ricerca dell’Università di Innsbruck ad Ascoli Satriano si sono concentrati nel distretto della Giarnera Piccola, situata a sudovest dell’insediamento moderno, presso i pendii dei colli Serpente e Castello. Gli scavi in questa zona hanno portato alla luce un totale di novanta tombe. Queste risalgono ad un periodo compreso tra la fine dell’VIII secolo e la fine del IV secolo a.C., con una concentrazione tra il tardo V ed il IV secolo a.C. Per la maggior parte si tratta di tombe a fossa mentre, in piccola parte, sono attestate anche tombe a grotticella. Anche se per lo più si contano sepolture individuali, un totale di diciotto di esse testimonia la pratica della deposizione contemporanea doppia, nota anche come ‘bisomia’, o del riuso delle tombe tramite deposizioni multiple successive che è una pratica estremamente diffusa e variegata nella Puglia preromana e particolarmente in Daunia. Le tombe riutilizzate della Giarnera Piccola sono il punto di partenza per le riflessioni che seguono, che hanno lo scopo di mostrare quale potenziale per ulteriori considerazioni socio-archeologiche nello studio dettagliato di tali pratiche si celi in esse.
In: Ilkka Lindstedt, Jaakko Hämeen-Anttila, Raija Mattila, Robert Rollinger (eds.), Case Studies in Transmission, The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient and Mediaeval Near East 1, Münster: Ugarit-Verlag 2014, 73–101
In: Florian M. Müller, Veronika Sossau (eds.), Gefährtinnen. Vom Umgang mit Prostitution in der griechischen Antike und heute, Spectanda 1, Innsbruck: innsbruck university press 2012, 55–70
Zu den an sich schönsten Exponaten der Archäologischen Sammlung der Universität Wien zählt der so... more Zu den an sich schönsten Exponaten der Archäologischen Sammlung der Universität Wien zählt der sog. Nereidenkrater. Datiert um 430/20 v. Chr. und dem Athener Maler Polygnotos zugeschrieben, zeigt das großformatige Weinmischgefäß drei Szenen aus dem Kampf um Troja, die miteinander zu einer komplexen Bilderzählung verwoben sind. Von diesem einstigen Prachtgefäß vermitteln die erhaltenen Fragmente bisher aber kaum einen Eindruck, obwohl die Scherben bereits 1888 Eingang in die Sammlung fanden und seither in der Forschung gut bekannt sind. Diesen Zustand sollte eine Neubearbeitung ändern, von welcher der Vortrag berichtet: Er verfolgt die Spur des Nereidenkraters zurück zu dessen Fundort, dem etruskischen Vulci, rekonstruiert die Umstände des Ankaufes und zeichnet die Verflechtungen des Objekts mit der Geschichte der Wiener Klassischen Archäologie nach, zuvorderst mit Otto Benndorf und dem jungen Ludwig Pollak. Ausgehend von einer neuen Rekonstruktion beleuchtet der Vortrag die einzelnen Vasenbilder, stellt diese in ihre ikonographische Tradition und fragt nach dem Verhältnis der Bilder zu Bühnenfassungen derselben Stoffe im klassischen Athen. Nicht zuletzt lotet der Beitrag aus, welche Möglichkeiten digitale Methoden, etwa 3D-Scan, 3D-Modellierung und Visualisierungsverfahren, bieten, um disparate Sammlungsobjekte wissenschaftlich zu dokumentieren, aber auch für eine breitere Öffentlichkeit zu erschließen.
In order to understand children as active participants in lived religion and in the communities o... more In order to understand children as active participants in lived religion and in the communities of early Roman southern Italy, this paper focuses on the so-called “Catarinella” askos, variously dated between the 3rd and the first half of the 1st century BCE. This unique painted vessel from Lavello (Basilicata) depicts a funerary ceremony with children serving as musicians and interacting with the corpse. The paper argues that pre-adult community members, though barely visible as such in the region’s burial record, were integrated in administering funerary ceremonies, expressing grief and mourning, and performing practices of lamentation. To make this case, the paper contextualises the askos within the figurative repertoire of southern Italy, drawing on 4th-century funerary paintings from Campania and terracotta figurines from tombs in 4th- and 3rd-century northern Apulia, but also on earlier Italic depictions and later Roman parallels. By emphasising the interplay of Italic, Greek and Roman traditions, it situates the pictorial evidence provided by the “Catarinella” askos in the context of the profound political, cultural and ritual changes that took place in Daunia during the Middle and Late Republican periods.
Food, foodstuff, and the utensils used to prepare and consume food have always been central to pe... more Food, foodstuff, and the utensils used to prepare and consume food have always been central to people's daily lives and to their sense and expression of social identity. This paper examines food-related miniatures and models from pre-Roman southern Italy in order to understand the significance of food and its symbolic consumption in ritual practices. It examines two groups of "fake food" objects that appeared in many funerary assemblages in Campania, Calabria, Basilicata and Apulia in the 4th century B.C.E.: firstly, non-functional feasting utensils made of lead, such as roasting spits, fire dogs, candelabra, knives and forks, and secondly, food-shaped terracotta objects such as fruit, bread, cheese and sweets. The paper collects and classifies these objects and contextualizes them within the funerary assemblages of the period and within the longer history of how food-related objects were used in funerary display in southern Italy. It interprets the evidence at both local and supra-regional levels, also by comparing the funerary fake-food objects with items from cult sites, as well as with images in contemporary funerary painting in some of these regions. Based on concepts of symbolic consumption, the paper shows how food-related miniatures and models had the potential to express social identities by referring to the home, hearth, and household. It concludes that the micro-level emphasis on commensality and communality through faux food objects was informed by macro-level processes of community crystallization and definition, particularly in Calabria and Basilicata in the 4th century B.C.E., processes that have been controversially discussed as the "migration" or "ethnogenesis" of the Lucanians and Bruttians.
The Archaeological Collection of the Institute of Classical Archaeology at the University of Vien... more The Archaeological Collection of the Institute of Classical Archaeology at the University of Vienna has come a long way since its foundation in 1868/69. Established as a ‘study collection’, it has gone through various phases of appreciation and neglect and has endured more than one relocation and reorientation. Today, the Collection has entered a period of intense activity, encompassing teaching and public outreach, as well as research. With limited resources but a highly motivated team of students, a blog on Attic vase inscriptions has been conceived and launched, leading to a spin-off project on the reconstruction and digitally enhanced presentation of one of the vessels. A number of activities have been or are being carried out to engage the wider public: One event should encourage pupils to appropriate the Collection as a space to learn about their agemates in Classical antiquity; another format uses the plaster casts as a laboratory for people with and without visual impairments or low vision; and a programme, mainly driven by student engagement, transforms the Collection into an ambience for engaging with sensory experiences in the past, a topic that should appeal to contemporary interests as much as emotions or animals, which are the focus of other events. In my presentation, I would like to share the experiences of our team, but also to raise the question, still unresolved for me, of how archaeological university collections can consolidate their activities as sustainable ones. How can we turn the enthusiasm we invest in one-off public events, and the interest they generate, into a substantial awareness of our importance, especially in cities with a myriad of competing cultural players? And how can we ensure that the effects of our efforts last beyond a few years, for example by attracting future first-generation students?
Im vorrömischen Südostitalien sicherten Gräber häufig nur die vorletzte Ruhe. Vor allem im 4. Jah... more Im vorrömischen Südostitalien sicherten Gräber häufig nur die vorletzte Ruhe. Vor allem im 4. Jahrhundert v. Chr. wurden im heutigen Apulien zahlreiche Gräber neuerlich geöffnet und für weitere Bestattungen genutzt, häufig auch mehrmals im Lauf der Zeit. Solche Wiederbelegungen sind in der Region weitverbreitet, variieren jedoch in der Zahl, Abfolge und Frequenz der Bestattungen, in den Belegungsregeln und der Belegungsdauer der Gräber, vor allem aber im Umgang mit älteren Beisetzungen. In meinem Vortrag möchte ich zunächst einen Überblick über die kulturellen Räume Südostitaliens geben, die an der Peripherie der griechischen und später der römischen Welt lagen. Ausgewählte Beispiele sollen dann die bewegten Nutzungsgeschichten wiederbelegter Gräber nachzeichnen, in deren Verlauf Überreste manipuliert, verlagert oder entfernt und Grabbeigaben hinzugefügt, wiederbenutzt oder entsorgt und ersetzt werden konnten. Ein letzter Abschnitt ordnet das Phänomen in größere Kontexte ein, um zu zeigen, dass wiederbelegte Gräber für lokale Gruppen und Gemeinschaften Bezugspunkte eines komplexen ‚Lebens mit den Toten‘ bildeten und auf regionaler Ebene die Umbrüche und Entwicklungen Unteritaliens im ‚langen‘ 4. Jahrhundert spiegeln.
Gräber und Totenrituale evozieren nicht nur Erinnerungen an verstorbene Personen, sondern stiften... more Gräber und Totenrituale evozieren nicht nur Erinnerungen an verstorbene Personen, sondern stiften, erneuern und vermitteln Formen des kulturellen Gedächtnisses, das für das Selbstbild gerade auch von schriftlosen oder eingeschränkt schriftgebrauchenden Gemeinschaften konstitutiv ist. Diese erinnerungskulturelle Wirksamkeit potenziert sich, wenn Gräber wiederholt geöffnet und teils über mehrere Generationen hinweg belegt werden, erlauben Nachbestattungen doch in spezifischer Weise, die Erinnerung an ‚ältere‘ Tote wach und Vergangenheit gegenwärtig zu halten. Anhand von vier Fallbeispielen aus dem vorrömischen Salento, wo Nachbestattungen zwischen dem 5. und frühen 3. Jahrhundert so allgegenwärtig wie vielfältig sind, möchte der Beitrag der Frage nachgehen, inwieweit die zeitliche Tiefe solcher Gräber Rückschlüsse auf das Geschichts- und Vergangenheitsbewusstsein einstiger Gruppen und Gemeinschaften erlaubt. Hierfür sollen die Grabbefunde daraufhin ausgeleuchtet werden, wie mit den Überresten älterer Beisetzungen verfahren wurde, ob und wie diese umgelagert, beiseitegeräumt oder zu jüngeren Bestattungen in Bezug gesetzt und parallel dazu Beigaben neu deponiert, selektiv wiederbenutzt und ‚konserviert‘ oder aber aus dem Grab entnommen wurden. In ihrem jeweiligen räumlichen, zeitlichen und sozialen Kontext betrachtet, lassen die vorgestellten Fallbeispiele sehr unterschiedliche Formen des Umgangs mit Vergangenheit herausarbeiten. Während die geläufige Interpretation als ‚Kollektiv-‘ oder ‚Familiengräber‘ eine passiv fortlaufende ‚Tradition‘ und ‚Kontinuität‘ im Grab voraussetzt, sollen vielmehr die aktive, durch die (Nach-)Bestattung vermittelte Aneignung und bisweilen interessensgeleitete Umdeutung von Vergangenheit und deren Konstruktionscharakter akzentuiert werden.
From the beginnings of the discipline, funerary assemblages, regarded as ‘closed finds’, have ser... more From the beginnings of the discipline, funerary assemblages, regarded as ‘closed finds’, have served as a keystone for constructing archaeological chronologies. It is only in the past few decades that the temporal dimension of funerary assemblages has been explicitly addressed from different methodological and theoretical angles, such as time perspectivism. Even closed single-phase contexts envelop different ‘temporalities’, since the ‘lifetime’ of objects deposited in a grave covers different time spans, bodies go through temporally discrete stages from death to burial and beyond, and the history of monuments transcends the moment of their erection. The temporal dimension of funerary assemblages multiplies in the case of reused graves whose material record is, by definition, the outcome of a series of practices and processes through time. In pre-Roman Apulia, tomb reuse is a ubiquitous but regionally and locally diverse phenomenon, transgressing grave types as well as categories of gender, age and social standing and showing significant differences in intensity, chronology, and modality. Taking necropoleis in Vaste (Fondo Melliche) and Cavallino on the Salento peninsula as a case study, I want to conceptualize both bodies and objects as multi-temporal palimpsests. Focusing on how bodies were deposited, manipulated and re-deposited in the course of time, alongside (other) material objects being re-arranged, re-associated with the ‘old’ dead, appropriated for a newly deceased, or retrieved, I try to disentangle the complex temporality of reused tombs by applying differing timescales. Moving from the methodological to the interpretative level, I want to reflect on whether the time depth of the archaeological record corresponds to time perceptions of past communities and groups who, by reusing tombs over time, engage with and act on the dead, the past and social memories.
Metalwork, weapons and adornments are often regarded as reflecting status and prestige and serve ... more Metalwork, weapons and adornments are often regarded as reflecting status and prestige and serve as a toehold for measuring value and funerary wealth. Until recently ‘value’ in burial archaeology has been gauged predominantly in terms of material and materiality, the distant provenience of an artefact or the raw material, its scarcity in other assemblages, or the sheer abundance of objects deposited in one grave. Complementing these analyses, that conceptualize value mainly through an economic perspective, recent approaches have addressed the ‘biography’, ‘use-life’ or ‘itinerary’ of objects, shifting the focus onto how objects are valued, devalued or revalued in social practices they are embedded in. In my paper, I attempt to apply these concepts to reused graves in fifth- and fourth-century Apulia to discuss how metal objects – vessels, fibulae, belts, knives, and weapons – were acted on and engaged with in the course of time. Some objects hint at a prolonged itinerary prior to being deposited in the tomb, but most essentially they underwent several post-depositional stages and practices in which they were manipulated, re-arranged, re-associated with the ‘old’ dead, reused for a newly deceased, or retrieved. Though the diversity of local practices undermines generalizations, the trajectories of metal objects in tombs that are far from being static, closed contexts but multi-stage features may add to a more nuanced understanding of ‘grave goods’ and the dynamics of value.
Der Beitrag möchte sich dem Tagungsthema über die Frage annähern, wie Erinnerung nicht nur über M... more Der Beitrag möchte sich dem Tagungsthema über die Frage annähern, wie Erinnerung nicht nur über Monumente und Grabmarkierungen ‚repräsentiert‘, sondern insbesondere auch über rituelle Handlungen mit und an Körpern und (anderen) Objekten im Grab ‚gemacht‘ wird. Wenn man mit Jan Assmann kulturelles Gedächtnis als zeit- und kulturspezifischen Bestand an „Wiedergebrauchstexten, -bildern und -riten“ versteht, der „im Interaktionsrahmen einer Gesellschaft Handeln und Erleben steuert“, bieten wiederholt geöffnete und mehrfach belegte Körpergräber einen privilegierten Zugriff, um Formen des Erinnerns archäologisch zu untersuchen. In solchen Gräbern ist Vergangenheit sehr konkret gegenwärtig: Ihre wiederholte Öffnung zwingt einerseits zur Formalisierung des ‚praktischen‘ Umgangs mit früher eingebrachten Körpern und Objekten, andererseits erlaubt sie Gruppen und Gemeinschaften, sehr unmittelbar mit den Toten zu interagieren, auf Vergangenes Bezug zu nehmen und damit kollektive Erinnerung zu stiften und zu aktualisieren. Unter einer solchen Perspektive möchte der Beitrag die Nach- und Kollektivbestattungen der Nekropole Giarnera Piccola in Ascoli Satriano (Provinz Foggia) vorstellen und in ihren lokalen und regionalen Kontext einordnen. Im vorrömische Nordapulien stellen die Nachbestattung in und die Wiederbenutzung von bereits belegten Gräbern wenigstens seit dem 5. Jahrhundert v. Chr. ein allgegenwärtiges und in sich sehr facettenreiches Phänomen dar, das sich weder auf einen Grabtyp noch eine wie auch immer sozial distinkte Kategorie von Gräbern beschränkt. Anhand der modern gegrabenen Nekropolen von Ascoli Satriano lässt sich erstmals eine Typologie solcher Bestattungsformen herausarbeiten, die sich nicht primär an der Grabarchitektur orientiert, sondern auf eine mikroarchäologische Rekonstruktion von Handlungen im Grab abzielt. Dabei legt der Beitrag sein Augenmerk insbesondere darauf, wie bei nachfolgenden Bestattungen mit den Körpern früher eingebrachter Verstorbener verfahren wurde, ob und wie diese etwa umgebettet, beiseitegeräumt, fragmentiert, neu arrangiert oder zu jüngeren Bestattungen in Bezug gesetzt und parallel dazu ‚Grabbeigaben‘ umgelagert, deponiert oder aber aus dem Grab entnommen wurden.
Rituale sind in einem sehr unmittelbaren Sinn körperliche Praktiken. Ob nun beim Knien in der Kir... more Rituale sind in einem sehr unmittelbaren Sinn körperliche Praktiken. Ob nun beim Knien in der Kirche, dem Umrunden der Kaaba, bei Pilgerfahrten und Prozessionen – es sind Körper, die rituelle und ritualisierte Handlungen aus- und aufführen und denen diese bisweilen ‚in Fleisch und Blut übergehen‘. Während die jüngere (insbesondere gegenwartsbezogene) Ritualforschung die Verkörperung von Ritualen und den Körper als Ritualsubjekt betont hat, möchte der vorgeschlagene Beitrag den Akzent auf die Ritualisierung von Körpern, auf den Körper als Ritualobjekt legen. Dass nicht nur Körper Rituale machen, sondern Rituale umgekehrt auch Körper gestalten, formen, rahmen und inszenieren, wird selten so deutlich wie im Umgang mit dem toten menschlichen Körper und dessen Überresten. Diesem Zusammenhang von Körper und Ritual möchte der Beitrag anhand von wiederholt geöffneten und mehrfach belegten Körpergräbern nachgehen. Ausgangspunkt ist dabei die These, dass die wiederholte Öffnung und Belegung von Gräbern einerseits zur Formalisierung, wenn nicht zur Ritualisierung des konkreten Umgangs mit früher eingebrachten Körpern und Objekten zwingt und andererseits spezifische Möglichkeiten eröffnet, wie Gruppen und Gemeinschaften mit den Toten interagieren können. Als Fallstudie für einen solchen handlungs- und körperorientierten Zugriff dienen die Nach- und Kollektivbestattungen der Nekropole Giarnera Piccola in Ascoli Satriano (Provinz Foggia), die primär auf lokaler Ebene betrachtet werden sollen. Im vorrömischen Nordapulien stellen die Nachbestattung in und die Wiederbenutzung von bereits belegten Gräbern wenigstens seit dem 5. Jahrhundert v. Chr. ein allgegenwärtiges und in sich sehr facettenreiches Phänomen dar, das sich weder auf einen Grabtyp noch eine wie auch immer sozial distinkte Kategorie von Gräbern beschränkt. Anhand der modern gegrabenen Nekropolen von Ascoli Satriano lässt sich erstmals eine Typologie solcher Bestattungsformen und postfuneralen Praktiken herausarbeiten, die sich nicht an der Grabarchitektur orientiert, sondern nach Handlungen mit und an Körpern und Objekten im Grab fragt. Besonderes Augenmerk liegt dabei darauf, wie bei nachfolgenden Bestattungen mit den Körpern früher eingebrachter Verstorbener verfahren wurde, ob und wie diese etwa umgebettet, beiseitegeräumt, fragmentiert, neu arrangiert, rekonstruiert oder aber entnommen und entsorgt wurden. Dieses weite, teilweise widersprüchliche Spektrum des Umgangs mit ‚älteren‘ Überresten bereits innerhalb einer Nekropole deutet die generelle methodische Schwierigkeit an, rituelles und nicht-rituelles, ‚sakrales‘ und ‚profanes‘, zweckrationales und symbolisch-kommunikatives Handeln im Grab zu unterscheiden. Im Anschluss an das breiter angelegte Konzept Catherine Bells rückt der Vortrag stattdessen die Ritualisierung von Handlungen in den Vordergrund, deren ‚praktische‘ Ausdrucksseite als solche signifikant ist, ohne deren Inhaltsseite, also ‚Sinn und Bedeutung von Ritualen‘ erschließen zu müssen.
The deconstruction of ethnic identities has shattered how we understand the social landscape of t... more The deconstruction of ethnic identities has shattered how we understand the social landscape of the ancient Mediterranean. As cleansing as this deconstruction has been, it has left a gap in our ability to analyse social entities at an intermediate scale between households and states. In this context, the concept of communities emerges as a productive framework. Communities are social entities that are enacted through interactions and presuppose a sense of commonality, cohesion and belonging that attenuates internal social differentiation. This perspective invites archaeologists to explore complex social dynamics through a lens that can be applied to the material record, and this session hopes for papers that combine theoretical rigour with empirical analysis.
Potential topics include, but are not limited to, different forms of communities – e.g. ritual communities or communities of practice – and their relationships with other entities such as families, groups or the state. Papers may explore how “practices of affiliation” (W.H. Isbell), such as drawing cultural boundaries, referring to a common past, and sharing experiences from everyday encounters to festive events, fostered communities. Similarly, the role of emotions and the senses, for example in feasts and funerals, but also the significance of space and place, provide rich avenues for exploration. Other themes include community cohesion, resilience or transformation in scenarios of intercultural contact, as well as moments when community identity and membership were contested from within the community, but papers could also challenge humanist notions by exploring “more-than-human communities” (O.J.T. Harris) that bring together people, animals and things.
The deconstruction of ethnic identities has shattered how we understand the social landscape of t... more The deconstruction of ethnic identities has shattered how we understand the social landscape of the ancient Mediterranean. As cleansing as this deconstruction has been, it has left a gap in our ability to analyse social entities at an intermediate scale between households and states. In this context, the concept of communities emerges as a productive framework. Communities are social entities that are enacted through interactions and presuppose a sense of commonality, cohesion and belonging that attenuates internal social differentiation. This perspective invites archaeologists to explore complex social dynamics through a lens that can be applied to the material record, and this session hopes for papers that combine theoretical rigour with empirical analysis.
Potential topics include, but are not limited to, different forms of communities – e.g. ritual communities or communities of practice – and their relationships with other entities such as families, groups or the state. Papers may explore how “practices of affiliation” (W.H. Isbell), such as drawing cultural boundaries, referring to a common past, and sharing experiences from everyday encounters to festive events, fostered communities. Similarly, the role of emotions and the senses, for example in feasts and funerals, but also the significance of space and place, provide rich avenues for exploration. Other themes include community cohesion, resilience or transformation in scenarios of intercultural contact, as well as moments when community identity and membership were contested from within the community, but papers could also challenge humanist notions by exploring “more-than-human communities” (O.J.T. Harris) that bring together people, animals and things.
Following the three previous conferences (Kickoff: Frankfurt a. M. 2021; Concepts: Berlin 2022; P... more Following the three previous conferences (Kickoff: Frankfurt a. M. 2021; Concepts: Berlin 2022; Practices: Athens 2023), this year’s annual conference of DAI-Cluster "Body and Death" will be dedicated to the topic of media, or more precisely to dealing with body and death through media.
Please submit your abstract in English, German or Italian to koerperundtod.sprecher[at]dainst.de by 29 April 2024.
The DAI research cluster “Body and Death” was founded in 2021 with the aims of promoting exchange... more The DAI research cluster “Body and Death” was founded in 2021 with the aims of promoting exchange between the various archaeological and anthropological disciplines concerned with the human body and establishing the body as a research topic. “Body and death” forms a cross-cutting theme for all research questions that deal with body-related practices and concepts, exploring sources that allow reconstructing and interpreting the handling of both the living and the dead body. In addition to the human remains themselves, this includes written and pictorial sources as well as things closely related to the body (‘body-related things’) from ancient and contemporary societies all over the world. In three thematic sections and with broad disciplinary participation, the first annual conference of the cluster opens up the possibility of debating approaches to past concepts of the living as well as the dead body and of death. During the hybrid conference, there will be sufficient time for discussions to achieve a mutual understanding of the questions, approaches, and methods used in (bio-)archaeological, cultural anthropological, and historical research on “body and death”.
Thirty years ago, Nicholas Purcell recognised a ‘long’ fourth century BC, between the late fifth ... more Thirty years ago, Nicholas Purcell recognised a ‘long’ fourth century BC, between the late fifth century and the end of the Pyrrhic War, as the “heroic age” of Southern Italy. This period saw significant dynamics in the construction of urban and rural landscapes as settlements transformed into cities, many of them fortified. Hinterlands were scattered with farmsteads, new sanctuaries appeared and new forms of local identity emerged. Tombs increased exponentially in number and lavishness; larger tomb types arose, funerary cult intensified and increased social stratification is strongly implied. Over this period, craftsmanship underwent specialisation and the production of red-figured and glazed pottery grew into an industry that flooded the inland with commodities and led to the establishment of workshops there. Nevertheless, this period has primarily been regarded as a phase of constant turmoil and crisis, into which the so-called ‘condottieri’ are thought to have thrown the South on the eve of the Roman conquest. Predominantly based on the literary evidence, such narratives fall short of this highly dynamic period, in which longer developments tied in with accelerated change and Mediterranean connectivity and transculturality thrived more than ever before.
Purcell had already voiced the hope that archaeology could construe a new narrative by going “beyond the simple evolutionist perspective of analysing hundreds of local experiences in geographical order” and instead making sense of them within a broader historical process. After three more decades of archaeological work, it is now time to sketch a narrative of the ‘mezzogiorno’ and to trace transformative dynamics on the basis of the archaeological evidence. We invite papers presenting in-depth studies of manifestations of regional dynamics, surveys with a sensitivity for local particularities, or comparative perspectives from neighbouring regions in the Mediterranean, which focus on, but are not limited to, the topics touched on above.
Vor 140 Jahren, im April 1882, brach eine Expedition unter der Leitung von Otto Benndorf, dem zwe... more Vor 140 Jahren, im April 1882, brach eine Expedition unter der Leitung von Otto Benndorf, dem zweiten Wiener Professor für Klassische Archäologie und späteren Gründungsdirektor des Österreichischen Archäologischen Instituts, in die Berge Lykiens auf, wo Benndorf im Jahr zuvor das sog. Heroon von Gölbaşı-Trysa wiederentdeckt hatte. Unterstützt von Kaiser, Adel und Bürgertum, sollte die Expedition den Relieffries dieser monumentalen Grabanlage für Wien erwerben. Mit Genehmigung der osmanischen Behörden führte Benndorf Ausgrabungen durch, demontierte die Reliefplatten und verschiffte sie nach Wien. Bald nachdem diese hier eingetroffen waren, präsentierte Benndorf die Neufunde bei einem von der Wiener Gesellschaft gefeierten Vortrag im November 1882, und zwar anhand einiger jener Gipsabgüsse, die sich heute in der Sammlung des Instituts für Klassische Archäologie befinden. Die Friesplatten selbst gehören zu den Prunkstücken des Kunsthistorischen Museums, ohne bislang einen endgültigen Aufstellungsort gefunden zu haben.
Anlässlich des Jubiläums der Benndorf-Expedition bringt der Workshop Expert*innen zusammen, die einerseits das antike Monument beleuchten und in den Kontext Lykiens in klassischer Zeit einordnen, andererseits die Geschichte des Frieses und seiner Abgüsse im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert nachzeichnen und über dessen künftige museale Präsentation nachdenken.
„ὁ παῖς καλός“, „ἐποίησεν“, „χαῖρε“ – etwa zwanzig attische Gefäße und Fragmente aus der Sammlung... more „ὁ παῖς καλός“, „ἐποίησεν“, „χαῖρε“ – etwa zwanzig attische Gefäße und Fragmente aus der Sammlung des Instituts für Klassische Archäologie tragen Auf- und Beischriften, Signaturen und Ritzinschriften. Die Stücke bieten einen Überblick über den Einsatz von Schrift auf Geschirr aus den Werkstätten des archaisch-klassischen Athen und wurden seit Oktober 2021 in einem Lehrforschungsprojekt bearbeitet. Dessen Ergebnisse werden nun in diesem Blog in wöchentlichen Beiträgen bis April 2023 vorgestellt.
Jeder Blog-Beitrag geht von einem Exponat aus, bespricht die Form und den Maler des Gefäßes und skizziert die Provenienz des Stücks bzw. dessen oftmals verworrenen Weg in die Wiener Sammlung. Im Mittelpunkt stehen aber der Bildschmuck und die Beschriftung der Gefäße, die wechselseitigen Beziehungen der Medien Bild und Text, die Bedeutung von und der Umgang mit texttragenden Artefakten in der Antike und die visuellen Qualitäten von Schrift. Der Blog richtet sich an Klassische Archäolog*innen und an alle, die sich für die klassische Antike, deren Bild- und Schriftkultur sowie für Universitätssammlungen und ihre Geschichte interessieren.
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In my presentation, I would like to share the experiences of our team, but also to raise the question, still unresolved for me, of how archaeological university collections can consolidate their activities as sustainable ones. How can we turn the enthusiasm we invest in one-off public events, and the interest they generate, into a substantial awareness of our importance, especially in cities with a myriad of competing cultural players? And how can we ensure that the effects of our efforts last beyond a few years, for example by attracting future first-generation students?
In my presentation, I would like to share the experiences of our team, but also to raise the question, still unresolved for me, of how archaeological university collections can consolidate their activities as sustainable ones. How can we turn the enthusiasm we invest in one-off public events, and the interest they generate, into a substantial awareness of our importance, especially in cities with a myriad of competing cultural players? And how can we ensure that the effects of our efforts last beyond a few years, for example by attracting future first-generation students?
Unter einer solchen Perspektive möchte der Beitrag die Nach- und Kollektivbestattungen der Nekropole Giarnera Piccola in Ascoli Satriano (Provinz Foggia) vorstellen und in ihren lokalen und regionalen Kontext einordnen. Im vorrömische Nordapulien stellen die Nachbestattung in und die Wiederbenutzung von bereits belegten Gräbern wenigstens seit dem 5. Jahrhundert v. Chr. ein allgegenwärtiges und in sich sehr facettenreiches Phänomen dar, das sich weder auf einen Grabtyp noch eine wie auch immer sozial distinkte Kategorie von Gräbern beschränkt. Anhand der modern gegrabenen Nekropolen von Ascoli Satriano lässt sich erstmals eine Typologie solcher Bestattungsformen herausarbeiten, die sich nicht primär an der Grabarchitektur orientiert, sondern auf eine mikroarchäologische Rekonstruktion von Handlungen im Grab abzielt. Dabei legt der Beitrag sein Augenmerk insbesondere darauf, wie bei nachfolgenden Bestattungen mit den Körpern früher eingebrachter Verstorbener verfahren wurde, ob und wie diese etwa umgebettet, beiseitegeräumt, fragmentiert, neu arrangiert oder zu jüngeren Bestattungen in Bezug gesetzt und parallel dazu ‚Grabbeigaben‘ umgelagert, deponiert oder aber aus dem Grab entnommen wurden.
Als Fallstudie für einen solchen handlungs- und körperorientierten Zugriff dienen die Nach- und Kollektivbestattungen der Nekropole Giarnera Piccola in Ascoli Satriano (Provinz Foggia), die primär auf lokaler Ebene betrachtet werden sollen. Im vorrömischen Nordapulien stellen die Nachbestattung in und die Wiederbenutzung von bereits belegten Gräbern wenigstens seit dem 5. Jahrhundert v. Chr. ein allgegenwärtiges und in sich sehr facettenreiches Phänomen dar, das sich weder auf einen Grabtyp noch eine wie auch immer sozial distinkte Kategorie von Gräbern beschränkt. Anhand der modern gegrabenen Nekropolen von Ascoli Satriano lässt sich erstmals eine Typologie solcher Bestattungsformen und postfuneralen Praktiken herausarbeiten, die sich nicht an der Grabarchitektur orientiert, sondern nach Handlungen mit und an Körpern und Objekten im Grab fragt. Besonderes Augenmerk liegt dabei darauf, wie bei nachfolgenden Bestattungen mit den Körpern früher eingebrachter Verstorbener verfahren wurde, ob und wie diese etwa umgebettet, beiseitegeräumt, fragmentiert, neu arrangiert, rekonstruiert oder aber entnommen und entsorgt wurden. Dieses weite, teilweise widersprüchliche Spektrum des Umgangs mit ‚älteren‘ Überresten bereits innerhalb einer Nekropole deutet die generelle methodische Schwierigkeit an, rituelles und nicht-rituelles, ‚sakrales‘ und ‚profanes‘, zweckrationales und symbolisch-kommunikatives Handeln im Grab zu unterscheiden. Im Anschluss an das breiter angelegte Konzept Catherine Bells rückt der Vortrag stattdessen die Ritualisierung von Handlungen in den Vordergrund, deren ‚praktische‘ Ausdrucksseite als solche signifikant ist, ohne deren Inhaltsseite, also ‚Sinn und Bedeutung von Ritualen‘ erschließen zu müssen.
Potential topics include, but are not limited to, different forms of communities – e.g. ritual communities or communities of practice – and their relationships with other entities such as families, groups or the state. Papers may explore how “practices of affiliation” (W.H. Isbell), such as drawing cultural boundaries, referring to a common past, and sharing experiences from everyday encounters to festive events, fostered communities. Similarly, the role of emotions and the senses, for example in feasts and funerals, but also the significance of space and place, provide rich avenues for exploration. Other themes include community cohesion, resilience or transformation in scenarios of intercultural contact, as well as moments when community identity and membership were contested from within the community, but papers could also challenge humanist notions by exploring “more-than-human communities” (O.J.T. Harris) that bring together people, animals and things.
Potential topics include, but are not limited to, different forms of communities – e.g. ritual communities or communities of practice – and their relationships with other entities such as families, groups or the state. Papers may explore how “practices of affiliation” (W.H. Isbell), such as drawing cultural boundaries, referring to a common past, and sharing experiences from everyday encounters to festive events, fostered communities. Similarly, the role of emotions and the senses, for example in feasts and funerals, but also the significance of space and place, provide rich avenues for exploration. Other themes include community cohesion, resilience or transformation in scenarios of intercultural contact, as well as moments when community identity and membership were contested from within the community, but papers could also challenge humanist notions by exploring “more-than-human communities” (O.J.T. Harris) that bring together people, animals and things.
Please submit your abstract in English, German or Italian to koerperundtod.sprecher[at]dainst.de by 29 April 2024.
Purcell had already voiced the hope that archaeology could construe a new narrative by going “beyond the simple evolutionist perspective of analysing hundreds of local experiences in geographical order” and instead making sense of them within a broader historical process. After three more decades of archaeological work, it is now time to sketch a narrative of the ‘mezzogiorno’ and to trace transformative dynamics on the basis of the archaeological evidence. We invite papers presenting in-depth studies of manifestations of regional dynamics, surveys with a sensitivity for local particularities, or comparative perspectives from neighbouring regions in the Mediterranean, which focus on, but are not limited to, the topics touched on above.
Anlässlich des Jubiläums der Benndorf-Expedition bringt der Workshop Expert*innen zusammen, die einerseits das antike Monument beleuchten und in den Kontext Lykiens in klassischer Zeit einordnen, andererseits die Geschichte des Frieses und seiner Abgüsse im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert nachzeichnen und über dessen künftige museale Präsentation nachdenken.
Jeder Blog-Beitrag geht von einem Exponat aus, bespricht die Form und den Maler des Gefäßes und skizziert die Provenienz des Stücks bzw. dessen oftmals verworrenen Weg in die Wiener Sammlung. Im Mittelpunkt stehen aber der Bildschmuck und die Beschriftung der Gefäße, die wechselseitigen Beziehungen der Medien Bild und Text, die Bedeutung von und der Umgang mit texttragenden Artefakten in der Antike und die visuellen Qualitäten von Schrift. Der Blog richtet sich an Klassische Archäolog*innen und an alle, die sich für die klassische Antike, deren Bild- und Schriftkultur sowie für Universitätssammlungen und ihre Geschichte interessieren.