test Phone: 085764379752 Address: Laboratory of Bio-Environmental Management and Control Engineering Dept of Agricultural Engineering, University of Jenderal Soedirman =============== Kampus Teknologi Pertanian-UNSOED Jl Dr.Soeparno, Karangwangkal, Purwokerto 53123 Jawa Tengah, Indonesia; Telp/Fax : +62(0281)638791 Personal Telp : +62-85764379752 e-mail : ardi.plj@gmail.com, cc:ard@unsoed.ac.id
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2018
The aim of this research is to observe biomass development of SRI on farmers practice in three pl... more The aim of this research is to observe biomass development of SRI on farmers practice in three plots with different level. This research observes the farmer practice of SRI and Non-SRI during the uncertainty of irrigation water supply and its effects on paddy biomass development during growth stages and final stage of crop. A farmer group that already understand the principle of SRI, applied this method into several plots of their rented paddy field. Researcher interventions were eliminated from their action, so it is purely on farmers decision on managing their SRI plots. Three plots from both SRI and Non-SRI were chosen based on the position of the plot related their access to water. First plots had direct access to water from tertiary irrigation channel (on farm). Second plots were received water from previous upper plots and drainage water into other plots. Third plots were in the bottom position, where they received water from upper plot, and drainage water into farm drainage channel. Result shows there are similar patterns of root, straw, and leaves of biomass during crop growth. On the other hand, during generative phase, grain development shows different pattern and resulting different biomass in harvest time. Second plot, (of SRI) that has water from first plot has the average of biomass grain per plant of 54.4, higher than first plot and third plot, which are 33.8 g and 38.4. Average biomass in second plot is 74.6 g, higher than first and third plot, which are 49.9 g and 52.3 g.
This study aimed to determine the land suitability for paddy plantation in Semangga subdistrict, ... more This study aimed to determine the land suitability for paddy plantation in Semangga subdistrict, Merauke Regency, Papua Province and to identify any treatments that needs to be taken to promote the land suitability classes. The information on land suitability is important to determine the treatment required in land preparation in order to achieve optimal production. Survey was conducted to collect necessary data which includes climate data, nutrient content (N, P, K available), Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), pH, and toxicity. These data are interpolated within the area of Semangga subdistrict and classified based on the criteria developed by Indonesian Soil Research Institute-Ministry of Agriculture and FAO. Overlay analysis is performed in order to determine land suitability classes and the dominant limiting factor. Criteria for determining the suitability classes was taken from the lowest class of land unit. The results showed that the area of 1% (360.09 hectare) is classified as class of S2wfn, 55.8% (19,495.83 hectare) as class of S3n, 7% (2,431.83 hectare) as class of S3np, 35.3% (12,349.74 hectare) as class N1n, and 0.9% (306.6 hectare) as class of N2f. The finding of land suitability classes and its dominant inhibitory factor can be used then to determine the proper land treatment planning such as fertilization, liming, and drainage system design. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan kesesuaian lahan untuk tanaman padi di Distrik Semangga, Kabupaten Merauke, Provinsi Papua dan menetapkan perlakuan-perlakuan yang diperlukan untuk mengingkatkan kelas kesesuaian lahan tersebut. Kesesuaian lahan tersebut penting untuk menentukan perlakuan yang diperlukan dalam menyiapkan lahan agar mampu berproduksi secara optimal. Survei lokasi dilakukan untuk mengambil data-data yang diperlukan, diantaranya data iklim, kandungan hara (N, P, K tersedia), Kapasitas Tukar Kation (KTK), pH dan toksisitas. Data-data tersebut diinterpolasi untuk luasan Distrik Semangga dan dikelaskan berdasarkan kriteria Pusat Penelitian Tanah dan Agroklimat, Balai Penelitian Tanah, Kementerian Pertanian (1993) dan FAO (1976). Analisis tumpang susun (overlay) dilakukan untuk menentukan kelas kesesuaian lahan dan faktor pembatas dominan. Kriteria penentuan kelas kesesuaian diambil yang terendah. Hasil analisis menunjukkan wilayah sebesar 1% (360.09 ha) berada pada kelas
International Journal of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, 2016
Merauke district in Papua, Indonesia has a strategic position and natural potential for the devel... more Merauke district in Papua, Indonesia has a strategic position and natural potential for the development of agricultural industry. The development of agriculture in this region is being accelerated as part of Indonesian Government’s declaration announcing Merauke as one of future national food barns. Therefore, land-use suitability analysis for Merauke need to be performed. As a result, the mapping for future agriculture-based industries can be done optimally. In this research, a case study is carried out in Semangga sub district. The objective of this study is to determine the suitability of Merauke land for some food crops. A modified agro-ecological zoning is applied to reach the objective. In this research, land cover based on satellite imagery is combined with soil, water and climate survey results to come up with preliminary zoning. Considering the special characteristics of Merauke community, the agricultural zoning maps resulted based on those inputs will be combined with socio-economic information and culture to determine the final zoning map for agricultural industry in Merauke. Examples of culture are customary rights of local residents and the rights of local people and their own local food patterns. This paper presents the results of first year of the two-year research project funded by The Indonesian Government through MP3EI schema. It shares the findings of land cover studies, the distribution of soil physical and chemical parameters, as well as suitability analysis of Semangga sub-district for five different food plants.
Graphical abstract Abstract The aim of this research is to compare nitrogen uptake in SRI field a... more Graphical abstract Abstract The aim of this research is to compare nitrogen uptake in SRI field and conventional paddy field. Three SRI plots and three conventional plots were given same amount of organic fertilizer and three different biochar amount. In SRI field, S1 were plot with 5 ton/ha biochar application, S2 were plot with 10 ton/ha biochar application, and S3 were plot with 20 ton/ha biochar application. Similarly, in conventional paddy field, K1, K2, and K3 were plots with 5 ton/ha, 10 ton/ha, and 20 ton/ha biochar application. Mineral fertilizer were not used in this research. Result shows that, Nitrogen uptake in SRI paddy field (average of 262.9 mg/g Dry mass) were less than Conventional paddy field (average of 323.8 mg/g Dry mass). However, average of the grain weight of 1000 paddy grain shows that grain from SRI field is heavier (average of 20.7 g) than conventional paddy field (average of 19.0 g). Biochar application of 5 ton/ha, for both SRI and conventional fields shows higher result in most of plant parameters (plant height, amount of grain, total weight). SRI method usually shows the high production compare to conventional method. However, in this experiment there is almost no difference in SRI field (3.6 ton/ha) and conventional field (3.7 ton/ha). Plant observation shows that SRI paddy develop good rooting system than conventional paddy field that implies on more nutrient uptake. Soil were suspected to be the cause of low nitrogen uptake in SRI field.
We quantified amount of soil macro-
nutrient (N, P , and K) in the soil during crop season
of ric... more We quantified amount of soil macro- nutrient (N, P , and K) in the soil during crop season of rice under SRI practice and common practice (conventional). Fertilizer used in conventional is organic (manure) and chemical fertilizer, while under SRI practice using organic fertilizer and liquid solution of local microorganism (MOL) made of snails or bamboo shoot. We divided paddy field of 20 m by 6 m into four kinds of treatment. First, conventional using chemical fertilizer application; second, SRI practice with MOL made of snails, third, SRI practice with MOL made of bamboo shoot; fourth, SRI practice without MOL application. We perform six times sampling; (1) before tillage, (2) after tillage and organic fertilizer application, (3) 10 days after planting (DAP), (4) 57 DAP, (5) 85 DAP, and (6) 110 DAP. Result shows changes of N, P, and K in the soil for each treatment presented in graph using line series. We analyzed chemical content of both MOL made of snail and that made of bamboo shoot to answer what caused the change of macro-nutrient of each treatment. Productivity of each treatment was also estimated. Productivity of first treatment was 4.8 ton/ha (conventional), second treatment was 6.3 ton/ha, third treatment was 6.7 ton/ha, and fourth treatment was 5.7 ton/ha.
PROCEEDINGS OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SUSTAINABLE RURAL DEVELOPMENT, 2013
East Kalimantan Regional Government actively supports every effort to make the district a nationa... more East Kalimantan Regional Government actively supports every effort to make the district a national breadbasket through a project known as the Delta Kayan Food Estate. This destination area in Tanjung Selor, Bulungan mainly consists of marginal lands. As such, in planning the reclamation of this type of land, land suitability for certain crops needs to be investigated, followed by techno economic considerations in the cultivation of the land. This paper gives an overview of the latent potential of this area based on a survey and research conducted in a 3,241 ha land in Bulungan, East Kalimantan. Analysis suggests that, with the right land preparation, the area is financially viable and promising as a national granary.
ABSTRAK Dalam kondisi tersedianya air yang cukup di perakaran tanaman, kelayuan bisa terjadi apab... more ABSTRAK Dalam kondisi tersedianya air yang cukup di perakaran tanaman, kelayuan bisa terjadi apabila laju transpirasi lebih besar daripada pengambilan air. Salah satu variabel iklim mikro yaitu kelembaban memainkan peranan penting untuk mencegah kelayuan. Percobaan dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan kelembaban terhadap pertumbuhan. Tanaman bayam merah diletakkan dalam greenhouse dengan memberikan perlakuan kelembaban (20 tanaman) sejak pukul 9.00 pagi hingga pukul 3.00 siang, sementara 20 tanaman lagi tidak diberi perlakuan (kontrol). Kedua kelompok tanaman berada dalam greenhouse yang diberi sekat, sehingga menerima radiasi matahari yang sama. Keduanya juga diberikan nutrisi yang sama. Kehilangan air akibat evaporasi dihalangi dengan memberikan penutup styrofoam pada media tumbuh bayam merah. Hasil menunjukkan defisit tekanan uap air (vapor pressure deficit) pada sekat greenhouse, dengan perlakuan kelembaban, menurun dengan meningkatnya kelembaban relatif (RH). Transpirasi pada kelompok kontrol (rata-rata 53.2 g/hari) lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada kelompok perlakuan (rata-rata 31.3 g/hari) yang terlihat pada tiap fase pertumbuhan. Pemakaian rata-rata air pada kelompok kontrol (pada satu musim tanam) juga lebih tinggi (762.9 ml) dibandingkan kelompok perlakuan (529.1 ml). Biomassa tanaman selama pertumbuhan dapat dilihat dari tinggi tanaman dan helai daun. Tinggi tanaman tidak menunjukkan perbedaan pada tiap fase pertumbuhan, namun jumlah helai daun pada kelompok kontrol lebih banyak. Penelitian ini dapat menjadi dasar bagi pengendalian transpirasi tanaman dengan mengendalikan kelembaban pada iklim mikro untuk menghasilkan lebih banyak biomassa. PENDAHULUAN Iklim mikro adalah kata kunci bercocok tanam dalam greenhouse. Besaran-besaran cuaca seperti kelembaban, ketersediaan air irigasi, suhu, dan pencahayaan tambahan dapat diatur untuk mendapatkan hasil maksimal. Dari sudut pandang ketersediaan air, metode hidroponik dalam greenhouse menyebabkan tanaman tidak pernah mengalami stress karena kekurangan air. Pada kondisi ini, pengaturan proses-proses biofisika tanaman akan bisa dilakukan dengan mengatur lingkungan mikro tanaman. Salah satu besaran yang berkaitan dengan iklim mikro, tahanan kanopi, misalnya, mencerminkan respon tanaman terhadap status air dalam media tanam, namun nilainya juga bervariasi menurut kondisi cuaca (Amer and Hatfield, 2004). Tahanan kanopi dan tahanan stomata berhubungan erat dengan transpirasi dan fotosintesis yang menentukan biomassa tanaman. Katul et al. 2009 menjelaskan bahwa mekanisme buka-tutup stomata terjadi dalam jangka pendek (sekitar sepuluh menit). Dengan demikian perubahan komponen iklim mikro akan direspon stomata secara cepat. Berbeda dengan radiasi matahari (dalam panjang gelombang Photosynthetic Active Radiation/PAR) yang secara langsung mempengaruhi pembukaan dan penutupan stomata (Teh 2006), (Pieruschka, Huber, and Berry 2010), kelembaban berpengaruh secara tidak langsung pada tanaman. Perubahan kelembaban, berdampak pada transpirasi, keseimbangan energi, dan temperatur jaringan dalam tanaman. Selanjutnya akan mempengaruhi pengambilan ion, asimilasi
Soil surface temperature is an expression of solar energy conversion in soil surface that is know... more Soil surface temperature is an expression of solar energy conversion in soil surface that is known in the mathematical form as energy balance equation. The aim of this research is to obtain method to determine surface temperature of bare soil from the complex energy balance equation. Calculation of energy balance components ( R n , G , E , H ) require surface temperature as input so that it creates equation with one-variable unknown. Newton-Rhapson algorithm for root findings, therefore, can be applied. Simulation result showed that the change in soil surface condition, mainly water content, influences the energy conversion process (energy balance components) in surface. The dryer soil surface, the higher surface temperature can be measured and the lower evaporation. This nature opens possibility to estimate actual evaporation by only measuring surface temperature.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2018
The aim of this research is to observe biomass development of SRI on farmers practice in three pl... more The aim of this research is to observe biomass development of SRI on farmers practice in three plots with different level. This research observes the farmer practice of SRI and Non-SRI during the uncertainty of irrigation water supply and its effects on paddy biomass development during growth stages and final stage of crop. A farmer group that already understand the principle of SRI, applied this method into several plots of their rented paddy field. Researcher interventions were eliminated from their action, so it is purely on farmers decision on managing their SRI plots. Three plots from both SRI and Non-SRI were chosen based on the position of the plot related their access to water. First plots had direct access to water from tertiary irrigation channel (on farm). Second plots were received water from previous upper plots and drainage water into other plots. Third plots were in the bottom position, where they received water from upper plot, and drainage water into farm drainage channel. Result shows there are similar patterns of root, straw, and leaves of biomass during crop growth. On the other hand, during generative phase, grain development shows different pattern and resulting different biomass in harvest time. Second plot, (of SRI) that has water from first plot has the average of biomass grain per plant of 54.4, higher than first plot and third plot, which are 33.8 g and 38.4. Average biomass in second plot is 74.6 g, higher than first and third plot, which are 49.9 g and 52.3 g.
This study aimed to determine the land suitability for paddy plantation in Semangga subdistrict, ... more This study aimed to determine the land suitability for paddy plantation in Semangga subdistrict, Merauke Regency, Papua Province and to identify any treatments that needs to be taken to promote the land suitability classes. The information on land suitability is important to determine the treatment required in land preparation in order to achieve optimal production. Survey was conducted to collect necessary data which includes climate data, nutrient content (N, P, K available), Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), pH, and toxicity. These data are interpolated within the area of Semangga subdistrict and classified based on the criteria developed by Indonesian Soil Research Institute-Ministry of Agriculture and FAO. Overlay analysis is performed in order to determine land suitability classes and the dominant limiting factor. Criteria for determining the suitability classes was taken from the lowest class of land unit. The results showed that the area of 1% (360.09 hectare) is classified as class of S2wfn, 55.8% (19,495.83 hectare) as class of S3n, 7% (2,431.83 hectare) as class of S3np, 35.3% (12,349.74 hectare) as class N1n, and 0.9% (306.6 hectare) as class of N2f. The finding of land suitability classes and its dominant inhibitory factor can be used then to determine the proper land treatment planning such as fertilization, liming, and drainage system design. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan kesesuaian lahan untuk tanaman padi di Distrik Semangga, Kabupaten Merauke, Provinsi Papua dan menetapkan perlakuan-perlakuan yang diperlukan untuk mengingkatkan kelas kesesuaian lahan tersebut. Kesesuaian lahan tersebut penting untuk menentukan perlakuan yang diperlukan dalam menyiapkan lahan agar mampu berproduksi secara optimal. Survei lokasi dilakukan untuk mengambil data-data yang diperlukan, diantaranya data iklim, kandungan hara (N, P, K tersedia), Kapasitas Tukar Kation (KTK), pH dan toksisitas. Data-data tersebut diinterpolasi untuk luasan Distrik Semangga dan dikelaskan berdasarkan kriteria Pusat Penelitian Tanah dan Agroklimat, Balai Penelitian Tanah, Kementerian Pertanian (1993) dan FAO (1976). Analisis tumpang susun (overlay) dilakukan untuk menentukan kelas kesesuaian lahan dan faktor pembatas dominan. Kriteria penentuan kelas kesesuaian diambil yang terendah. Hasil analisis menunjukkan wilayah sebesar 1% (360.09 ha) berada pada kelas
International Journal of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, 2016
Merauke district in Papua, Indonesia has a strategic position and natural potential for the devel... more Merauke district in Papua, Indonesia has a strategic position and natural potential for the development of agricultural industry. The development of agriculture in this region is being accelerated as part of Indonesian Government’s declaration announcing Merauke as one of future national food barns. Therefore, land-use suitability analysis for Merauke need to be performed. As a result, the mapping for future agriculture-based industries can be done optimally. In this research, a case study is carried out in Semangga sub district. The objective of this study is to determine the suitability of Merauke land for some food crops. A modified agro-ecological zoning is applied to reach the objective. In this research, land cover based on satellite imagery is combined with soil, water and climate survey results to come up with preliminary zoning. Considering the special characteristics of Merauke community, the agricultural zoning maps resulted based on those inputs will be combined with socio-economic information and culture to determine the final zoning map for agricultural industry in Merauke. Examples of culture are customary rights of local residents and the rights of local people and their own local food patterns. This paper presents the results of first year of the two-year research project funded by The Indonesian Government through MP3EI schema. It shares the findings of land cover studies, the distribution of soil physical and chemical parameters, as well as suitability analysis of Semangga sub-district for five different food plants.
Graphical abstract Abstract The aim of this research is to compare nitrogen uptake in SRI field a... more Graphical abstract Abstract The aim of this research is to compare nitrogen uptake in SRI field and conventional paddy field. Three SRI plots and three conventional plots were given same amount of organic fertilizer and three different biochar amount. In SRI field, S1 were plot with 5 ton/ha biochar application, S2 were plot with 10 ton/ha biochar application, and S3 were plot with 20 ton/ha biochar application. Similarly, in conventional paddy field, K1, K2, and K3 were plots with 5 ton/ha, 10 ton/ha, and 20 ton/ha biochar application. Mineral fertilizer were not used in this research. Result shows that, Nitrogen uptake in SRI paddy field (average of 262.9 mg/g Dry mass) were less than Conventional paddy field (average of 323.8 mg/g Dry mass). However, average of the grain weight of 1000 paddy grain shows that grain from SRI field is heavier (average of 20.7 g) than conventional paddy field (average of 19.0 g). Biochar application of 5 ton/ha, for both SRI and conventional fields shows higher result in most of plant parameters (plant height, amount of grain, total weight). SRI method usually shows the high production compare to conventional method. However, in this experiment there is almost no difference in SRI field (3.6 ton/ha) and conventional field (3.7 ton/ha). Plant observation shows that SRI paddy develop good rooting system than conventional paddy field that implies on more nutrient uptake. Soil were suspected to be the cause of low nitrogen uptake in SRI field.
We quantified amount of soil macro-
nutrient (N, P , and K) in the soil during crop season
of ric... more We quantified amount of soil macro- nutrient (N, P , and K) in the soil during crop season of rice under SRI practice and common practice (conventional). Fertilizer used in conventional is organic (manure) and chemical fertilizer, while under SRI practice using organic fertilizer and liquid solution of local microorganism (MOL) made of snails or bamboo shoot. We divided paddy field of 20 m by 6 m into four kinds of treatment. First, conventional using chemical fertilizer application; second, SRI practice with MOL made of snails, third, SRI practice with MOL made of bamboo shoot; fourth, SRI practice without MOL application. We perform six times sampling; (1) before tillage, (2) after tillage and organic fertilizer application, (3) 10 days after planting (DAP), (4) 57 DAP, (5) 85 DAP, and (6) 110 DAP. Result shows changes of N, P, and K in the soil for each treatment presented in graph using line series. We analyzed chemical content of both MOL made of snail and that made of bamboo shoot to answer what caused the change of macro-nutrient of each treatment. Productivity of each treatment was also estimated. Productivity of first treatment was 4.8 ton/ha (conventional), second treatment was 6.3 ton/ha, third treatment was 6.7 ton/ha, and fourth treatment was 5.7 ton/ha.
PROCEEDINGS OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SUSTAINABLE RURAL DEVELOPMENT, 2013
East Kalimantan Regional Government actively supports every effort to make the district a nationa... more East Kalimantan Regional Government actively supports every effort to make the district a national breadbasket through a project known as the Delta Kayan Food Estate. This destination area in Tanjung Selor, Bulungan mainly consists of marginal lands. As such, in planning the reclamation of this type of land, land suitability for certain crops needs to be investigated, followed by techno economic considerations in the cultivation of the land. This paper gives an overview of the latent potential of this area based on a survey and research conducted in a 3,241 ha land in Bulungan, East Kalimantan. Analysis suggests that, with the right land preparation, the area is financially viable and promising as a national granary.
ABSTRAK Dalam kondisi tersedianya air yang cukup di perakaran tanaman, kelayuan bisa terjadi apab... more ABSTRAK Dalam kondisi tersedianya air yang cukup di perakaran tanaman, kelayuan bisa terjadi apabila laju transpirasi lebih besar daripada pengambilan air. Salah satu variabel iklim mikro yaitu kelembaban memainkan peranan penting untuk mencegah kelayuan. Percobaan dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan kelembaban terhadap pertumbuhan. Tanaman bayam merah diletakkan dalam greenhouse dengan memberikan perlakuan kelembaban (20 tanaman) sejak pukul 9.00 pagi hingga pukul 3.00 siang, sementara 20 tanaman lagi tidak diberi perlakuan (kontrol). Kedua kelompok tanaman berada dalam greenhouse yang diberi sekat, sehingga menerima radiasi matahari yang sama. Keduanya juga diberikan nutrisi yang sama. Kehilangan air akibat evaporasi dihalangi dengan memberikan penutup styrofoam pada media tumbuh bayam merah. Hasil menunjukkan defisit tekanan uap air (vapor pressure deficit) pada sekat greenhouse, dengan perlakuan kelembaban, menurun dengan meningkatnya kelembaban relatif (RH). Transpirasi pada kelompok kontrol (rata-rata 53.2 g/hari) lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada kelompok perlakuan (rata-rata 31.3 g/hari) yang terlihat pada tiap fase pertumbuhan. Pemakaian rata-rata air pada kelompok kontrol (pada satu musim tanam) juga lebih tinggi (762.9 ml) dibandingkan kelompok perlakuan (529.1 ml). Biomassa tanaman selama pertumbuhan dapat dilihat dari tinggi tanaman dan helai daun. Tinggi tanaman tidak menunjukkan perbedaan pada tiap fase pertumbuhan, namun jumlah helai daun pada kelompok kontrol lebih banyak. Penelitian ini dapat menjadi dasar bagi pengendalian transpirasi tanaman dengan mengendalikan kelembaban pada iklim mikro untuk menghasilkan lebih banyak biomassa. PENDAHULUAN Iklim mikro adalah kata kunci bercocok tanam dalam greenhouse. Besaran-besaran cuaca seperti kelembaban, ketersediaan air irigasi, suhu, dan pencahayaan tambahan dapat diatur untuk mendapatkan hasil maksimal. Dari sudut pandang ketersediaan air, metode hidroponik dalam greenhouse menyebabkan tanaman tidak pernah mengalami stress karena kekurangan air. Pada kondisi ini, pengaturan proses-proses biofisika tanaman akan bisa dilakukan dengan mengatur lingkungan mikro tanaman. Salah satu besaran yang berkaitan dengan iklim mikro, tahanan kanopi, misalnya, mencerminkan respon tanaman terhadap status air dalam media tanam, namun nilainya juga bervariasi menurut kondisi cuaca (Amer and Hatfield, 2004). Tahanan kanopi dan tahanan stomata berhubungan erat dengan transpirasi dan fotosintesis yang menentukan biomassa tanaman. Katul et al. 2009 menjelaskan bahwa mekanisme buka-tutup stomata terjadi dalam jangka pendek (sekitar sepuluh menit). Dengan demikian perubahan komponen iklim mikro akan direspon stomata secara cepat. Berbeda dengan radiasi matahari (dalam panjang gelombang Photosynthetic Active Radiation/PAR) yang secara langsung mempengaruhi pembukaan dan penutupan stomata (Teh 2006), (Pieruschka, Huber, and Berry 2010), kelembaban berpengaruh secara tidak langsung pada tanaman. Perubahan kelembaban, berdampak pada transpirasi, keseimbangan energi, dan temperatur jaringan dalam tanaman. Selanjutnya akan mempengaruhi pengambilan ion, asimilasi
Soil surface temperature is an expression of solar energy conversion in soil surface that is know... more Soil surface temperature is an expression of solar energy conversion in soil surface that is known in the mathematical form as energy balance equation. The aim of this research is to obtain method to determine surface temperature of bare soil from the complex energy balance equation. Calculation of energy balance components ( R n , G , E , H ) require surface temperature as input so that it creates equation with one-variable unknown. Newton-Rhapson algorithm for root findings, therefore, can be applied. Simulation result showed that the change in soil surface condition, mainly water content, influences the energy conversion process (energy balance components) in surface. The dryer soil surface, the higher surface temperature can be measured and the lower evaporation. This nature opens possibility to estimate actual evaporation by only measuring surface temperature.
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nutrient (N, P , and K) in the soil during crop season
of rice under SRI practice and common practice
(conventional). Fertilizer used in conventional is
organic (manure) and chemical fertilizer, while under
SRI practice using organic fertilizer and liquid
solution of local microorganism (MOL) made of
snails or bamboo shoot.
We divided paddy field of 20 m by 6 m into four
kinds of treatment. First, conventional using chemical
fertilizer application; second, SRI practice with MOL
made of snails, third, SRI practice with MOL made of
bamboo shoot; fourth, SRI practice without MOL
application. We perform six times sampling; (1)
before tillage, (2) after tillage and organic fertilizer
application, (3) 10 days after planting (DAP), (4) 57
DAP, (5) 85 DAP, and (6) 110 DAP.
Result shows changes of N, P, and K in the soil for
each treatment presented in graph using line series.
We analyzed chemical content of both MOL made of
snail and that made of bamboo shoot to answer what
caused the change of macro-nutrient of each
treatment. Productivity of each treatment was also
estimated. Productivity of first treatment was 4.8
ton/ha (conventional), second treatment was 6.3
ton/ha, third treatment was 6.7 ton/ha, and fourth
treatment was 5.7 ton/ha.
through a project known as the Delta Kayan Food Estate. This destination area in Tanjung Selor, Bulungan
mainly consists of marginal lands. As such, in planning the reclamation of this type of land, land suitability for
certain crops needs to be investigated, followed by techno economic considerations in the cultivation of the land.
This paper gives an overview of the latent potential of this area based on a survey and research conducted in a
3,241 ha land in Bulungan, East Kalimantan. Analysis suggests that, with the right land preparation, the area is
financially viable and promising as a national granary.
the mathematical form as energy balance equation. The aim of this research is to obtain method to
determine surface temperature of bare soil from the complex energy balance equation. Calculation of
energy balance components ( R n , G , E , H ) require surface temperature as input so that it creates
equation with one-variable unknown. Newton-Rhapson algorithm for root findings, therefore, can be
applied. Simulation result showed that the change in soil surface condition, mainly water content,
influences the energy conversion process (energy balance components) in surface. The dryer soil
surface, the higher surface temperature can be measured and the lower evaporation. This nature
opens possibility to estimate actual evaporation by only measuring surface temperature.
nutrient (N, P , and K) in the soil during crop season
of rice under SRI practice and common practice
(conventional). Fertilizer used in conventional is
organic (manure) and chemical fertilizer, while under
SRI practice using organic fertilizer and liquid
solution of local microorganism (MOL) made of
snails or bamboo shoot.
We divided paddy field of 20 m by 6 m into four
kinds of treatment. First, conventional using chemical
fertilizer application; second, SRI practice with MOL
made of snails, third, SRI practice with MOL made of
bamboo shoot; fourth, SRI practice without MOL
application. We perform six times sampling; (1)
before tillage, (2) after tillage and organic fertilizer
application, (3) 10 days after planting (DAP), (4) 57
DAP, (5) 85 DAP, and (6) 110 DAP.
Result shows changes of N, P, and K in the soil for
each treatment presented in graph using line series.
We analyzed chemical content of both MOL made of
snail and that made of bamboo shoot to answer what
caused the change of macro-nutrient of each
treatment. Productivity of each treatment was also
estimated. Productivity of first treatment was 4.8
ton/ha (conventional), second treatment was 6.3
ton/ha, third treatment was 6.7 ton/ha, and fourth
treatment was 5.7 ton/ha.
through a project known as the Delta Kayan Food Estate. This destination area in Tanjung Selor, Bulungan
mainly consists of marginal lands. As such, in planning the reclamation of this type of land, land suitability for
certain crops needs to be investigated, followed by techno economic considerations in the cultivation of the land.
This paper gives an overview of the latent potential of this area based on a survey and research conducted in a
3,241 ha land in Bulungan, East Kalimantan. Analysis suggests that, with the right land preparation, the area is
financially viable and promising as a national granary.
the mathematical form as energy balance equation. The aim of this research is to obtain method to
determine surface temperature of bare soil from the complex energy balance equation. Calculation of
energy balance components ( R n , G , E , H ) require surface temperature as input so that it creates
equation with one-variable unknown. Newton-Rhapson algorithm for root findings, therefore, can be
applied. Simulation result showed that the change in soil surface condition, mainly water content,
influences the energy conversion process (energy balance components) in surface. The dryer soil
surface, the higher surface temperature can be measured and the lower evaporation. This nature
opens possibility to estimate actual evaporation by only measuring surface temperature.