Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas MonizThe aim of this ... more Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas MonizThe aim of this project is to review and analyze the literature that studied the shaping ability of endodontic rotary files to answer the question: What is the most accurate method used to assess the shaping ability of rotary endodontic files based on the canal transportation and centering ability parameters? Search was performed using PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, ScienceDirect, Scopus, e B-on databases. Studies published in English from January 2010 to February 2021, that specified centering ability and shaping ability of the rotary files, were included. 65 studies were included in the review from a cumulative sample of 615 studies. 48 studies used extracted teeth, while 17 studies used simulated root canals in resin blocks. 38 studies used Micro-Computed Tomography and Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (MCT+CBCT) while 26 studies used Double Digital Images Radiographs / Photographs (DDIR+DDIP) and software an...
Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the morphological alterations of the ProTap... more Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the morphological alterations of the ProTaper next rotary file (PTN) under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Materials and Methods: A total of 18 simulated root canals were allocated to three groups. Six new sets of PTN instruments were used 3 times. A #10 K-file was inserted into the working length, followed by ProGlider to create a glide path. Ensuring the manufacturer’s instructions with 99% ethyl alcohol for irrigation, all canals were prepared. Files were photographed in the same position before and after three canals preparations using a high-resolution SEM. Result: A metal strip appeared on one X1 instrument surface preoperatively. Microcrack defects were observed on two X2 files postoperatively, and the blunt cutting edge was observed on three X1 files before and after use and one file fractured. Conclusion: Small number of changes appeared on PTN surfaces, yet same PTN file can be used safely 3 times to prepare multi-r...
Objective. The purpose of this study was to radiographically evaluate technical quality of root c... more Objective. The purpose of this study was to radiographically evaluate technical quality of root canal fillings performed by dental undergraduates at Libyan International Medical University in Libya.Methods. Root canal cases were treated at university dental clinic from the fall of 2012 to the fall of 2013 by the fourth and fifth year dental students. Students used step-back preparation and cold lateral compaction in the treatment. Radiographs were reviewed over a two-year period from initial procedure to final restoration. Radiographs were evaluated for adequacy or inadequacy by length, density, and taper. Length inadequacy was classified as short or overextended. Overall quality was considered “adequate” based on all three variables. Chi-square tested differences between teeth groupings and adequacy classification. Significantpvalue results were adjusted by Bonferroni correction.Results. Adequate length of root canal fillings were observed in roughly half of all samples (48.6%). De...
Dentists and patients are facing a perplexity between saving a compromised tooth through endodont... more Dentists and patients are facing a perplexity between saving a compromised tooth through endodontic treatment and restoration or by extraction and replacement with an implant. The purpose of this paper was to compare the success rates of these two treatments. Success was measured as the longevity of the tooth or implant. Studies which met strict inclusion criteria to ensure best evidence were included. Searches were performed in Ovid Medline, Pubmed, Scopus database, and the Cochrane Library. Evidence-based groups were formed following the assessment of inclusion/exclusion criteria. The overall success rates for primary endodontic, nonsurgical retreatment, and surgical treatment were (86.02%), (78.2%), and (63.4%), respectively, implants was 90.9%. In conclusion, choice between implant and endodontic therapy cannot be exclusively based on outcome as both treatments differ in the biological process, diagnostic modalities, failure patterns, and patients preferences. More research is r...
Pulpal calcifications are calcified masses in dental pulps of healthy, diseased, and even unerupt... more Pulpal calcifications are calcified masses in dental pulps of healthy, diseased, and even unerupted teeth. They are not only difficult to locate, but their negotiation and the creation of a glide path takes considerably long time. These teeth provide an endodontic treatment challenge. The critical management decision being whether to treat these teeth endodontically immediately upon detection of the pulpal calcification or to wait until symptoms or signs of pulp and / or periapical disease occur. This case report is presented to illustrate the successful non surgical management of canal calcification in a maxillary first premolar in a 17 years old female.
ↄ May be more conceptual than realↄ Considered the part of the root canal with the smallest diame... more ↄ May be more conceptual than realↄ Considered the part of the root canal with the smallest diameter.ↄ The reference point clinicians use most often to terminate shaping, cleaning, and obturationↄ present less than half the time, particularly when apical root resorption was a factors .ↄ 0-2.5 mm from the apex and increases with age because of cementum depositionↄ believed to coincide with the cemento-dentinal junction (CDJ)
This article presents the basic principles of dental occlusion and an overview of this subject ar... more This article presents the basic principles of dental occlusion and an overview of this subject area, which is important for dental professionals. Clinical relevance: A sound knowledge of dental occlusion is important in order to improve dental treatment outcome and achieve a long-lasting restoration.
Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the morphological alterations of the ProTap... more Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the morphological alterations of the ProTaper next rotary file (PTN) under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Materials and Methods: A total of 18 simulated root canals were allocated to three groups. Six new sets of PTN instruments were used 3 times. A #10 K-file was inserted into the working length, followed by ProGlider to create a glide path. Ensuring the manufacturer's instructions with 99% ethyl alcohol for irrigation, all canals were prepared. Files were photographed in the same position before and after three canals preparations using a high-resolution SEM. Result: A metal strip appeared on one X1 instrument surface preoperatively. Microcrack defects were observed on two X2 files postoperatively, and the blunt cutting edge was observed on three X1 files before and after use and one file fractured. Conclusion: Small number of changes appeared on PTN surfaces, yet same PTN file can be used safely 3 times to prepare multi-rooted teeth within the same patient.
To evaluate the frequent use of ProTaper Next (PTN; Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) ... more To evaluate the frequent use of ProTaper Next (PTN; Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) systems on shaping ability of root canal utilizing Solidworks (2014, Dassault Systemes) software. Thirty-six root canals in clear resin blocks (Dentsply-Maillefer) were allocated into six experimental groups (n = 36). Six new sets of PTN instruments (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) were used six times to shape the resin blocks. A #15 K-file was inserted to the working length (WL), followed by ProGlider (PG) to create a glide path. Sequential use of PTN instrumentation in a crown-down technique was used to reach size (30/07) apically. Macroscopic photos of the blocks were taken before and after instrumentation, layered by Paint Shop Pro 9 from JascSoftware®, and then canal transportation was measured using Solidwork 2014. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 22. Multivariate statistical analysis general linear model (GLM) was also applied. Bonferroni correction tes...
Introduction: The root canal treated teeth need an adhesive seal for coronal leakage prevention. ... more Introduction: The root canal treated teeth need an adhesive seal for coronal leakage prevention. Glass ionomer sealant is the usual interface used between the coronal restoration and dental hard tissue however when composite resin material is used as a coronal restoration, some dental clinician prefer not to use it. The aim of this review is to determine the need to seal the orifice of an obturated root canal with glass ionomer under composite resin to prevent microleakage. Material and methods: Electronic searches were performed in the Pubmed and Scopus databases using relevant keywords. Textbook searching was also applied. Following selection, articles were fully reviewed to ensure that they met inclusion/ exclusion criteria. Results: The intracoronal sealing abilities of a wide variety of restorative materials have been investigated, assessed and compared within the dental literature. Conclusion: No definitive guidelines were found regarding the use of orifice sealing materials following endodontic treatment. This review was not able to answer the research question, and further investigation is required to achieve this goal.
This article presents the basic principles of dental occlusion and an overview of this subje... more This article presents the basic principles of dental occlusion and an overview of this subject area, which is im portant for dental professionals. Clinical relevance: A sound knowledge of dental occlusion is important in order to improve dental treatm ent outcome and achieve a long-lasting restoration.
Objective. The purpose of this study was to radiographically evaluate technical quality of root c... more Objective. The purpose of this study was to radiographically evaluate technical quality of root canal fillings performed by dental undergraduates at Libyan International Medical University in Libya. Methods. Root canal cases were treated at university dental clinic from the fall of 2012 to the fall of 2013 by the fourth and fifth year dental students. Students used step-back preparation and cold lateral compaction in the treatment. Radiographs were reviewed over a two-year period from initial procedure to final restoration. Radiographs were evaluated for adequacy or inadequacy by length, density, and taper. Length inadequacy was classified as short or overextended. Overall quality was considered “adequate” based on all three variables. Chi-square tested differences between teeth groupings and adequacy classification. Significant value results were adjusted by Bonferroni correction. Results. Adequate length of root canal fillings were observed in roughly half of all samples (48.6%). Density was adequate in 75.8% of the samples. Taper was observed as adequate in 68.8%. Higher quality was evident in anterior teeth (plus premolars) versus molars (65.6% versus 43.3%, resp.; ). Conclusion. Overall quality of endodontic treatment performed by undergraduate dental students was adequate in 53.9% of the cases. Significant opportunity exists to improve the quality of root canals provided by dental students.
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas MonizThe aim of this ... more Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas MonizThe aim of this project is to review and analyze the literature that studied the shaping ability of endodontic rotary files to answer the question: What is the most accurate method used to assess the shaping ability of rotary endodontic files based on the canal transportation and centering ability parameters? Search was performed using PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, ScienceDirect, Scopus, e B-on databases. Studies published in English from January 2010 to February 2021, that specified centering ability and shaping ability of the rotary files, were included. 65 studies were included in the review from a cumulative sample of 615 studies. 48 studies used extracted teeth, while 17 studies used simulated root canals in resin blocks. 38 studies used Micro-Computed Tomography and Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (MCT+CBCT) while 26 studies used Double Digital Images Radiographs / Photographs (DDIR+DDIP) and software an...
Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the morphological alterations of the ProTap... more Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the morphological alterations of the ProTaper next rotary file (PTN) under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Materials and Methods: A total of 18 simulated root canals were allocated to three groups. Six new sets of PTN instruments were used 3 times. A #10 K-file was inserted into the working length, followed by ProGlider to create a glide path. Ensuring the manufacturer’s instructions with 99% ethyl alcohol for irrigation, all canals were prepared. Files were photographed in the same position before and after three canals preparations using a high-resolution SEM. Result: A metal strip appeared on one X1 instrument surface preoperatively. Microcrack defects were observed on two X2 files postoperatively, and the blunt cutting edge was observed on three X1 files before and after use and one file fractured. Conclusion: Small number of changes appeared on PTN surfaces, yet same PTN file can be used safely 3 times to prepare multi-r...
Objective. The purpose of this study was to radiographically evaluate technical quality of root c... more Objective. The purpose of this study was to radiographically evaluate technical quality of root canal fillings performed by dental undergraduates at Libyan International Medical University in Libya.Methods. Root canal cases were treated at university dental clinic from the fall of 2012 to the fall of 2013 by the fourth and fifth year dental students. Students used step-back preparation and cold lateral compaction in the treatment. Radiographs were reviewed over a two-year period from initial procedure to final restoration. Radiographs were evaluated for adequacy or inadequacy by length, density, and taper. Length inadequacy was classified as short or overextended. Overall quality was considered “adequate” based on all three variables. Chi-square tested differences between teeth groupings and adequacy classification. Significantpvalue results were adjusted by Bonferroni correction.Results. Adequate length of root canal fillings were observed in roughly half of all samples (48.6%). De...
Dentists and patients are facing a perplexity between saving a compromised tooth through endodont... more Dentists and patients are facing a perplexity between saving a compromised tooth through endodontic treatment and restoration or by extraction and replacement with an implant. The purpose of this paper was to compare the success rates of these two treatments. Success was measured as the longevity of the tooth or implant. Studies which met strict inclusion criteria to ensure best evidence were included. Searches were performed in Ovid Medline, Pubmed, Scopus database, and the Cochrane Library. Evidence-based groups were formed following the assessment of inclusion/exclusion criteria. The overall success rates for primary endodontic, nonsurgical retreatment, and surgical treatment were (86.02%), (78.2%), and (63.4%), respectively, implants was 90.9%. In conclusion, choice between implant and endodontic therapy cannot be exclusively based on outcome as both treatments differ in the biological process, diagnostic modalities, failure patterns, and patients preferences. More research is r...
Pulpal calcifications are calcified masses in dental pulps of healthy, diseased, and even unerupt... more Pulpal calcifications are calcified masses in dental pulps of healthy, diseased, and even unerupted teeth. They are not only difficult to locate, but their negotiation and the creation of a glide path takes considerably long time. These teeth provide an endodontic treatment challenge. The critical management decision being whether to treat these teeth endodontically immediately upon detection of the pulpal calcification or to wait until symptoms or signs of pulp and / or periapical disease occur. This case report is presented to illustrate the successful non surgical management of canal calcification in a maxillary first premolar in a 17 years old female.
ↄ May be more conceptual than realↄ Considered the part of the root canal with the smallest diame... more ↄ May be more conceptual than realↄ Considered the part of the root canal with the smallest diameter.ↄ The reference point clinicians use most often to terminate shaping, cleaning, and obturationↄ present less than half the time, particularly when apical root resorption was a factors .ↄ 0-2.5 mm from the apex and increases with age because of cementum depositionↄ believed to coincide with the cemento-dentinal junction (CDJ)
This article presents the basic principles of dental occlusion and an overview of this subject ar... more This article presents the basic principles of dental occlusion and an overview of this subject area, which is important for dental professionals. Clinical relevance: A sound knowledge of dental occlusion is important in order to improve dental treatment outcome and achieve a long-lasting restoration.
Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the morphological alterations of the ProTap... more Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the morphological alterations of the ProTaper next rotary file (PTN) under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Materials and Methods: A total of 18 simulated root canals were allocated to three groups. Six new sets of PTN instruments were used 3 times. A #10 K-file was inserted into the working length, followed by ProGlider to create a glide path. Ensuring the manufacturer's instructions with 99% ethyl alcohol for irrigation, all canals were prepared. Files were photographed in the same position before and after three canals preparations using a high-resolution SEM. Result: A metal strip appeared on one X1 instrument surface preoperatively. Microcrack defects were observed on two X2 files postoperatively, and the blunt cutting edge was observed on three X1 files before and after use and one file fractured. Conclusion: Small number of changes appeared on PTN surfaces, yet same PTN file can be used safely 3 times to prepare multi-rooted teeth within the same patient.
To evaluate the frequent use of ProTaper Next (PTN; Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) ... more To evaluate the frequent use of ProTaper Next (PTN; Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) systems on shaping ability of root canal utilizing Solidworks (2014, Dassault Systemes) software. Thirty-six root canals in clear resin blocks (Dentsply-Maillefer) were allocated into six experimental groups (n = 36). Six new sets of PTN instruments (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) were used six times to shape the resin blocks. A #15 K-file was inserted to the working length (WL), followed by ProGlider (PG) to create a glide path. Sequential use of PTN instrumentation in a crown-down technique was used to reach size (30/07) apically. Macroscopic photos of the blocks were taken before and after instrumentation, layered by Paint Shop Pro 9 from JascSoftware®, and then canal transportation was measured using Solidwork 2014. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 22. Multivariate statistical analysis general linear model (GLM) was also applied. Bonferroni correction tes...
Introduction: The root canal treated teeth need an adhesive seal for coronal leakage prevention. ... more Introduction: The root canal treated teeth need an adhesive seal for coronal leakage prevention. Glass ionomer sealant is the usual interface used between the coronal restoration and dental hard tissue however when composite resin material is used as a coronal restoration, some dental clinician prefer not to use it. The aim of this review is to determine the need to seal the orifice of an obturated root canal with glass ionomer under composite resin to prevent microleakage. Material and methods: Electronic searches were performed in the Pubmed and Scopus databases using relevant keywords. Textbook searching was also applied. Following selection, articles were fully reviewed to ensure that they met inclusion/ exclusion criteria. Results: The intracoronal sealing abilities of a wide variety of restorative materials have been investigated, assessed and compared within the dental literature. Conclusion: No definitive guidelines were found regarding the use of orifice sealing materials following endodontic treatment. This review was not able to answer the research question, and further investigation is required to achieve this goal.
This article presents the basic principles of dental occlusion and an overview of this subje... more This article presents the basic principles of dental occlusion and an overview of this subject area, which is im portant for dental professionals. Clinical relevance: A sound knowledge of dental occlusion is important in order to improve dental treatm ent outcome and achieve a long-lasting restoration.
Objective. The purpose of this study was to radiographically evaluate technical quality of root c... more Objective. The purpose of this study was to radiographically evaluate technical quality of root canal fillings performed by dental undergraduates at Libyan International Medical University in Libya. Methods. Root canal cases were treated at university dental clinic from the fall of 2012 to the fall of 2013 by the fourth and fifth year dental students. Students used step-back preparation and cold lateral compaction in the treatment. Radiographs were reviewed over a two-year period from initial procedure to final restoration. Radiographs were evaluated for adequacy or inadequacy by length, density, and taper. Length inadequacy was classified as short or overextended. Overall quality was considered “adequate” based on all three variables. Chi-square tested differences between teeth groupings and adequacy classification. Significant value results were adjusted by Bonferroni correction. Results. Adequate length of root canal fillings were observed in roughly half of all samples (48.6%). Density was adequate in 75.8% of the samples. Taper was observed as adequate in 68.8%. Higher quality was evident in anterior teeth (plus premolars) versus molars (65.6% versus 43.3%, resp.; ). Conclusion. Overall quality of endodontic treatment performed by undergraduate dental students was adequate in 53.9% of the cases. Significant opportunity exists to improve the quality of root canals provided by dental students.
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articles were fully reviewed to ensure that they met inclusion/ exclusion criteria.
Results: The intracoronal sealing abilities of a wide variety of restorative materials have been investigated, assessed and compared within the dental literature. Conclusion: No definitive guidelines were found regarding the use of orifice sealing materials following endodontic treatment. This review was not able to answer the research question, and further investigation is required to achieve this goal.
area, which is im portant for dental professionals.
Clinical relevance: A sound knowledge of dental occlusion is important in order to improve dental
treatm ent outcome and achieve a long-lasting restoration.
articles were fully reviewed to ensure that they met inclusion/ exclusion criteria.
Results: The intracoronal sealing abilities of a wide variety of restorative materials have been investigated, assessed and compared within the dental literature. Conclusion: No definitive guidelines were found regarding the use of orifice sealing materials following endodontic treatment. This review was not able to answer the research question, and further investigation is required to achieve this goal.
area, which is im portant for dental professionals.
Clinical relevance: A sound knowledge of dental occlusion is important in order to improve dental
treatm ent outcome and achieve a long-lasting restoration.