PHYTOREMEDIATION POTENTIAL OF MAJOR AQUATIC PLANTS, 2023
The present study was conducted to find out the phytoremediation potential of major aquatic plant... more The present study was conducted to find out the phytoremediation potential of major aquatic plants collected from different aqua-contaminated sites of district Sargodha i.e., S1(Bhalwaal, Bhehra), S2(Sargodha city, Shahpur), S3(Silanwali, Sahiwaal). Plants include Carex haydenii (P1), Typha angustifolia (P2), Lemna gibba (P3), Lemna minor (P4) and Phragmites communis (P5). Results of the elemental analysis showed that the highest phytoremediation potential of Sn (87.86 mg/Kg) and Ag (0.73 mg/Kg) was observed in P1 collected from S1 and S2 respectively while the highest phytoremediation potential for Sb (2.17 mg/Kg), Cu (5.84 mg/Kg), Mo (3.47 mg/Kg), Fe (226.75 mg/Kg), Zn (39.50 mg/Kg), and Co (3.50 mg/Kg), Mn (9.44 mg/Kg), Pb (3.26 mg/Kg) was observed in P2 collected from S1 and S3 respectively. Highest concentration of Hg (1.76 mg/Kg), As (0.79 mg/Kg) and Cr (1.90 mg/Kg), Ni (21.45 mg/Kg) was observed in P3 collected from S1 and S3 respectively. However, the maximum concentration of Cd (2.51 mg/Kg) was noted in P5 collected from S1. Variation in phytoremediation potential for metals was present in all plants, even in the same plants collected from different sites of district Sargodha which may attributed to source, type and quantity of contaminations present on aqua sites or may attributed to spatial variation which is present in all plant samples.
Lead (Pb) is a toxic heavy metal released into the natural environment and known to cause oxidati... more Lead (Pb) is a toxic heavy metal released into the natural environment and known to cause oxidative damage and alter antioxidant mechanism in plants. Lead (Pb) is one of the most important heavy metals frequently available in the environment and its most common sources are vehicles and automobiles. However, not much is known about the interference of Pb with the biochemical processes and carbohydrate metabolism during seed germination. We therefore, investigated the effect of different levels of Pb (6ppm, 9ppm, 12ppm) on growth and biomass production of Brassica campestris L. The study revealed that Pb exposure of different concentrations of lead inhibited growth as well as biomass production of Brassica compestris and lead exerted deleterious effect on the growth specially root length, shoot length, leaf area, root fresh weight, root dry weight, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight and chlorophyll contents.
District Bhakkar has extreme environmental conditions because of high temperature in summer and v... more District Bhakkar has extreme environmental conditions because of high temperature in summer and very low temperature during winter. The following research was carried out to check proximate value of two guava varieties (Ruby X Supreme and Hong Kong) that were grown in District Bhakkar and collected from its four tehsils i.e. Bhakkar, Darya Khan, Mankera and Kalor Kot. Results shows that Highest amount of Protein, crude fiber and dry matter contents were observed in tehsil Kalor Kot and Mankera respectively in Hong Kong variety as compared to variety Ruby X Supreme. On the other hand highest amount of crude fat, moisture, ash and carbohydrates were observed in Ruby x Supreme in tehsil Darya Khan, Kalor Kot and Bhakkar as compared to Hong Kong variety.
Several Pakistani plants are known to be of potential therapeutic value and are used in tradition... more Several Pakistani plants are known to be of potential therapeutic value and are used in traditional herbal medicinal system of country. In this work, three of the most important routinely used medicinal plants (Justicia adhatoda, Achyranthus aspera and Olea ferruginea) are reported in literature and belong to Soon valley, are studied first time for their macro (K, Na, Mg) and micro (Cu, Ni, Zn, Mn, Cr, Cd, Co and Fe) elemental composition by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. In addition, some relevant aspects such as medicinal uses of some studied plants, diseases due to toxicity and deficiency of trace elements are also discussed.
The effects of potassium on the germination of brassica were investigated. The experiments were c... more The effects of potassium on the germination of brassica were investigated. The experiments were carried out in Pots under photo periodic conditions. The results show that coefficient of germination velocity of the brassica seeds decreased with increase in concentrations of the metal solutions in the medium. The results also showed that potassium did not inhibit germination of Brassica seeds but impaired the growth and seedling establishment. The present study also reports that suppression of the germination of the Brassica seeds manifested in delay in germination with increase in concentrations of potassium. The highest concentrations of potassium that did not support seedling growth were 1.5 solution. INTRODUCTION Brassica is a genus of plants in the mustard family named as Brassicaceae. The plants of the genus are collectively known as cruciferous vegetables including the cabbages, mustards. Crops of this genus are occasionally called Cole crops, which is derived from the Latin ca...
Proceedings of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences: B. Life and Environmental Sciences, 2018
The current study was conducted to assess the proximate composition of Chenopodium album collecte... more The current study was conducted to assess the proximate composition of Chenopodium album collectedfrom different tehsils i.e. Mianwali, Esakhel, Piplan, of district Mianwali. The highest moisture (84.22±0.86%) andash (29.96±2.12%) content was found in Chenopodium album collected from Piplan and Mianwali respectively. Themaximum crude fiber (14.61±1.83%) and ether extract (27.11±0.21%) was reported in Piplan. The maximum crudeprotein (0.87±0.036%) and carbohydrates (11.67±1.38%) was observed in Esakhel while variation in proximatecomposition of Chenopodium album collected from different localities may be attributed to environmental factor (soilcomposition, water, temperature, light etc.) or may be due to spatial variation.
The present study was conducted in the fields of Sargodha city along Silanwali municipal channel ... more The present study was conducted in the fields of Sargodha city along Silanwali municipal channel to evaluate the effect of canal water and wastewater irrigation on Spinacia oleracea and Brassica oleracea. The ash, carbohydrate, protein, moisture, fat, fiber contents, energy values and nutrient composition of two vegetables' Spinacia oleracea and Brassica oleracea were determined. Micro nutrients composition was also determined in these vegetables by using atomic absorption spectrophotometer.
Citrus is one of the most commonly used as a fruit in Pakistan. To estimate their elemental profi... more Citrus is one of the most commonly used as a fruit in Pakistan. To estimate their elemental profile citrus were collected from five different tehsils of Sargodha district. Elemental analysis was carried out by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. There results showed that citrus fruits have riched source of minerals and have highest concentrations of Cu (2.71 mg/Kg), Mn (0.1633 mg/Kg) and Zn (31.72 mg/Kg) noted in T1 (Silanwali), while the maximum concentrations of Mg (65.247 mg/Kg), Cr (0.343 mg/Kg), P (1.146 mg/Kg), Co (0.536 mg/Kg), K (133.01 mg/Kg) were found in T2 (Sahiwal), T4 (Kotmomin) and T5 (Bhehra), respectively. Fluctuation in elemental profile of Citrus reticulata may be attributed to spatial variations or may be due to agro-climatic conditions that varies in all tehsils.
Maize is an important cereal crop which is directly eaten by humans. The present study was conduc... more Maize is an important cereal crop which is directly eaten by humans. The present study was conducted to access the effect of copper chloride on the growth of Zea mays plant. The experiment was carried out in pots. Different concentration of copper chloride (0 ppm as control, 25 ppm, 50 ppm, 75 ppm) were applied to plant before germination and after two weeks of germination. The results showed that there is decreased in growth of Zea mays takes place, while the highest biomass above ground (3.63±0.2 g, 0.29±0.005 g), biomass below ground (2.26±0.15 g, 0.08±0.005 g) total biomass (5.90±0.20 g, 0.29±0.005g) fresh and dry respectively were noted at control. Maximum shoot length (27.86±1.07 cm), root length (2.46±0.15 cm), leaf length (27.93±0.56 cm), leaf width (3.13±0.30 cm), leaf area (65.72±7.68 cm2), number of leaves (9.0±1.0), number of seeds germinate (10.0±0.50) were also noted at control level.
The current study was conducted to assess the proximate composition of Chenopodium album collecte... more The current study was conducted to assess the proximate composition of Chenopodium album collectedfrom different tehsils i.e. Mianwali, Esakhel, Piplan, of district Mianwali. The highest moisture (84.22±0.86%) andash (29.96±2.12%) content was found in Chenopodium album collected from Piplan and Mianwali respectively. Themaximum crude fiber (14.61±1.83%) and ether extract (27.11±0.21%) was reported in Piplan. The maximum crudeprotein (0.87±0.036%) and carbohydrates (11.67±1.38%) was observed in Esakhel while variation in proximatecomposition of Chenopodium album collected from different localities may be attributed to environmental factor (soilcomposition, water, temperature, light etc.) or may be due to spatial variation.
In the present era, due to the increasing incidence of environmental stresses worldwide, the deve... more In the present era, due to the increasing incidence of environmental stresses worldwide, the developmental growth and production of agriculture crops may be restrained. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have precedence over other nanoparticles because of the significant role of selenium in activating the defense system of plants. In addition to beneficial microorganisms, the use of biogenic SeNPs is known as an environmentally friendly and ecologically biocompatible approach to enhance crop production by alleviating biotic and abiotic stresses. This review provides the latest development in the green synthesis of SeNPs by using the results of plant secondary metabolites in the biogenesis of nanoparticles of different shapes and sizes with unique morphologies. Unfortunately, green synthesized SeNPs failed to achieve significant attention in the agriculture sector. However, research studies were performed to explore the application potential of plant-based SeNPs in alleviating drought, s...
The present study was aimed to biosynthesize selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and assess their foli... more The present study was aimed to biosynthesize selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and assess their foliar applications to improve the growth of wheat plants under controlled irrigation and drought stress. Bud aqueous extract of Allium sativum L. was used as a reducing and stabilizing agent of SeNPs followed by their optical and morphological characterization by using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. Various concentrations of SeNPs (10, 20, 30, and 40 mg/L) were applied exogenously to drought-tolerant (V1) and drought-susceptible (V2) wheat varieties at the trifoliate stage. Under the positive control conditions, plants were irrigated with 450 mL of water/pot (100% field capacity); and under water-deficit environment, plants were irrigated with 160 mL of water/pot (35% field capacity). Remarkable increase in plant height, shoot length, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root length, root fre...
Naturally grown fruits are the nutritional powerhouses in our daily diet which makes our health b... more Naturally grown fruits are the nutritional powerhouses in our daily diet which makes our health better. The local fruits are accessible, cheap and reliable without any contamination. These fruits fulfill nutritional deficiency without making person obese and protect us from many chronic diseases include cancer, heart attacks and diabetes. The nutrition taken from fruits makes our immune system (internal army) strong thus complementing protection against viral, bacterial and fungal pathogens. The present study was conducted to evaluate the nutritional composition of some selected fruits Pyrus malus (apple), Psidium guajava (guava), Musa paradisiaca (banana), Citrus maxima (pomelo) available in local markets of Sargodha, Pakistan. Result showed that the highest amount of moisture (86.16±0.91%) and crude fat (3.92±0.14%) was noted in apple while the highest amount of mineral matter (7.11±0.93%), carbohydrates (15.64±0.31%) and dry matter (23.68±1.02%) was observed in banana. Maximum crude fiber (1.82±0.14%) and crude protein (0.56±1.57%) was observed in pomelo and guava respectively. Fluctuation in nutritional composition of fruits was may attributed to varietal (genetic makeup) as well as agro-climatic conditions of the fruit harvest. There is further study recommended to investigate the impact of different climates and fertilizers on nutritional values of cultivated fruit varieties.
Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 2021
Citrus is one of the most commonly used as a fruit in Pakistan. To estimate their elementalprofil... more Citrus is one of the most commonly used as a fruit in Pakistan. To estimate their elementalprofile citrus were collected from five different tehsils of Sargodha district. Elemental analysis was carriedout by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. There results showed that citrus fruits have riched source ofminerals and have highest concentrations of Cu (2.71 mg/Kg), Mn (0.1633 mg/Kg) and Zn (31.72 mg/Kg)noted in T1 (Silanwali), while the maximum concentrations of Mg (65.247 mg/Kg), Cr (0.343 mg/Kg),P (1.146 mg/Kg), Co (0.536 mg/Kg), K (133.01 mg/Kg) were found in T2 (Sahiwal), T4 (Kotmomin) andT5 (Bhehra), respectively. Fluctuation in elemental profile of Citrus reticulata may be attributed to spatialvariations or may be due to agro-climatic conditions that varies in all tehsils
The present study was aimed to biosynthesize selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and assess their foli... more The present study was aimed to biosynthesize selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and assess their foliar applications to improve the growth of wheat plants under controlled irrigation and drought stress. Bud aqueous extract of Allium sativum L. was used as a reducing and stabilizing agent of SeNPs followed by their optical and morphological characterization by using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. Various concentrations of SeNPs (10, 20, 30, and 40 mg/L) were applied exogenously to drought-tolerant (V1) and drought-susceptible (V2) wheat varieties at the trifoliate stage. Under the positive control conditions, plants were irrigated with 450 mL of water/pot (100% field capacity); and under water-deficit environment, plants were irrigated with 160 mL of water/pot (35% field capacity). Remarkable increase in plant height, shoot length, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root length, root fresh weight, root dry weight, leaf area, leaf number, and leaf length has been observed when 30 mg/L concentration of SeNPs was used. However, the plant morphological parameters decreased gradually at higher concentrations (40 mg/L) in both selected wheat varieties. Therefore, 30 mg/L concentration of SeNPs was found most preferable to enhance the growth of selected wheat varieties under normal and water-deficient conditions.
The present study was conducted to determine the mineral profile of some selected Citrus fruits c... more The present study was conducted to determine the mineral profile of some selected Citrus fruits collected from different localities of district Sargodha i.e. Silanwali, Sargodha, Bhalwal. Plants include Citrus reticulata early mandarin (feutrell's early), Citrus paradisi (Grapefruit), Citrus reticulata mandarin (Kinnow), Citrus jambhiri (Khatti) and Citrus sinensis (Musambi). Results of the mineral analysis showed that the maximum concentration of Fe (6.52±0.12 mg/100g), Mn (0.98±0.08 mg/100g), Cr (0.46±0.03 mg/100g) and Zn (1.88±0.10 mg/100g) were analyzed in Citrus sinensis collected from Sargodha and Bhalwal respectively while the highest concentration of PO4 (8.10±0.09 mg/100g), Cu (33.59±0.05 mg/100g) and Ca (50.71±0.07 mg/100g) were noted in Citrus jambhiri and Citrus reticulata early mandarin collected from Bhalwal and Silanwali respectively. A highly significant variation in the mineral profile of all selected plants were observed which may be attributed to different environmental factors i.e. soil composition, water, temperature or may be linked to spatial variations.
Improving Salinity Tolerance in Brassica (Brassica napus var. Bsa and Brassica campestris var. Toria) by Exogenous Application of Proline and Glycine Betaine, 2018
The pot culture experiment was conducted to determine the influence of proline and glycine betain... more The pot culture experiment was conducted to determine the influence of proline and glycine betaine on Brassica under saline conditions. Different salinity levels (0, 65, 130 mM) were created according to the saturation percentage of the soil. Proline (0, 4, 8 mM) and glycine betaine (0, 5, 10 mM) were exogenously applied to find out their effects on growth and physiological changes produced in Brassica under salinity stress. Salinity stress reduced the growth of the plants and induced the physiological and biochemical changes. Different growth parameters of plants such as plant height, shoot, root fresh and dry weight was decreased with the increase of salinity stress. Salinity has also reduced the chlorophyll content, protein content and nitrate reductase activity of the Brassica. But the application of proline and glycine betaine was more effective to reduce the effect of salinity. Collected data from the present experiment indicated that adverse effects of salinity were counteracted by proline and glycine betaine. Overall, it was observed that exogenous application of both proline and glycine betaine has reduced the effect of salinity.
PHYTOREMEDIATION POTENTIAL OF MAJOR AQUATIC PLANTS, 2023
The present study was conducted to find out the phytoremediation potential of major aquatic plant... more The present study was conducted to find out the phytoremediation potential of major aquatic plants collected from different aqua-contaminated sites of district Sargodha i.e., S1(Bhalwaal, Bhehra), S2(Sargodha city, Shahpur), S3(Silanwali, Sahiwaal). Plants include Carex haydenii (P1), Typha angustifolia (P2), Lemna gibba (P3), Lemna minor (P4) and Phragmites communis (P5). Results of the elemental analysis showed that the highest phytoremediation potential of Sn (87.86 mg/Kg) and Ag (0.73 mg/Kg) was observed in P1 collected from S1 and S2 respectively while the highest phytoremediation potential for Sb (2.17 mg/Kg), Cu (5.84 mg/Kg), Mo (3.47 mg/Kg), Fe (226.75 mg/Kg), Zn (39.50 mg/Kg), and Co (3.50 mg/Kg), Mn (9.44 mg/Kg), Pb (3.26 mg/Kg) was observed in P2 collected from S1 and S3 respectively. Highest concentration of Hg (1.76 mg/Kg), As (0.79 mg/Kg) and Cr (1.90 mg/Kg), Ni (21.45 mg/Kg) was observed in P3 collected from S1 and S3 respectively. However, the maximum concentration of Cd (2.51 mg/Kg) was noted in P5 collected from S1. Variation in phytoremediation potential for metals was present in all plants, even in the same plants collected from different sites of district Sargodha which may attributed to source, type and quantity of contaminations present on aqua sites or may attributed to spatial variation which is present in all plant samples.
Lead (Pb) is a toxic heavy metal released into the natural environment and known to cause oxidati... more Lead (Pb) is a toxic heavy metal released into the natural environment and known to cause oxidative damage and alter antioxidant mechanism in plants. Lead (Pb) is one of the most important heavy metals frequently available in the environment and its most common sources are vehicles and automobiles. However, not much is known about the interference of Pb with the biochemical processes and carbohydrate metabolism during seed germination. We therefore, investigated the effect of different levels of Pb (6ppm, 9ppm, 12ppm) on growth and biomass production of Brassica campestris L. The study revealed that Pb exposure of different concentrations of lead inhibited growth as well as biomass production of Brassica compestris and lead exerted deleterious effect on the growth specially root length, shoot length, leaf area, root fresh weight, root dry weight, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight and chlorophyll contents.
District Bhakkar has extreme environmental conditions because of high temperature in summer and v... more District Bhakkar has extreme environmental conditions because of high temperature in summer and very low temperature during winter. The following research was carried out to check proximate value of two guava varieties (Ruby X Supreme and Hong Kong) that were grown in District Bhakkar and collected from its four tehsils i.e. Bhakkar, Darya Khan, Mankera and Kalor Kot. Results shows that Highest amount of Protein, crude fiber and dry matter contents were observed in tehsil Kalor Kot and Mankera respectively in Hong Kong variety as compared to variety Ruby X Supreme. On the other hand highest amount of crude fat, moisture, ash and carbohydrates were observed in Ruby x Supreme in tehsil Darya Khan, Kalor Kot and Bhakkar as compared to Hong Kong variety.
Several Pakistani plants are known to be of potential therapeutic value and are used in tradition... more Several Pakistani plants are known to be of potential therapeutic value and are used in traditional herbal medicinal system of country. In this work, three of the most important routinely used medicinal plants (Justicia adhatoda, Achyranthus aspera and Olea ferruginea) are reported in literature and belong to Soon valley, are studied first time for their macro (K, Na, Mg) and micro (Cu, Ni, Zn, Mn, Cr, Cd, Co and Fe) elemental composition by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. In addition, some relevant aspects such as medicinal uses of some studied plants, diseases due to toxicity and deficiency of trace elements are also discussed.
The effects of potassium on the germination of brassica were investigated. The experiments were c... more The effects of potassium on the germination of brassica were investigated. The experiments were carried out in Pots under photo periodic conditions. The results show that coefficient of germination velocity of the brassica seeds decreased with increase in concentrations of the metal solutions in the medium. The results also showed that potassium did not inhibit germination of Brassica seeds but impaired the growth and seedling establishment. The present study also reports that suppression of the germination of the Brassica seeds manifested in delay in germination with increase in concentrations of potassium. The highest concentrations of potassium that did not support seedling growth were 1.5 solution. INTRODUCTION Brassica is a genus of plants in the mustard family named as Brassicaceae. The plants of the genus are collectively known as cruciferous vegetables including the cabbages, mustards. Crops of this genus are occasionally called Cole crops, which is derived from the Latin ca...
Proceedings of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences: B. Life and Environmental Sciences, 2018
The current study was conducted to assess the proximate composition of Chenopodium album collecte... more The current study was conducted to assess the proximate composition of Chenopodium album collectedfrom different tehsils i.e. Mianwali, Esakhel, Piplan, of district Mianwali. The highest moisture (84.22±0.86%) andash (29.96±2.12%) content was found in Chenopodium album collected from Piplan and Mianwali respectively. Themaximum crude fiber (14.61±1.83%) and ether extract (27.11±0.21%) was reported in Piplan. The maximum crudeprotein (0.87±0.036%) and carbohydrates (11.67±1.38%) was observed in Esakhel while variation in proximatecomposition of Chenopodium album collected from different localities may be attributed to environmental factor (soilcomposition, water, temperature, light etc.) or may be due to spatial variation.
The present study was conducted in the fields of Sargodha city along Silanwali municipal channel ... more The present study was conducted in the fields of Sargodha city along Silanwali municipal channel to evaluate the effect of canal water and wastewater irrigation on Spinacia oleracea and Brassica oleracea. The ash, carbohydrate, protein, moisture, fat, fiber contents, energy values and nutrient composition of two vegetables' Spinacia oleracea and Brassica oleracea were determined. Micro nutrients composition was also determined in these vegetables by using atomic absorption spectrophotometer.
Citrus is one of the most commonly used as a fruit in Pakistan. To estimate their elemental profi... more Citrus is one of the most commonly used as a fruit in Pakistan. To estimate their elemental profile citrus were collected from five different tehsils of Sargodha district. Elemental analysis was carried out by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. There results showed that citrus fruits have riched source of minerals and have highest concentrations of Cu (2.71 mg/Kg), Mn (0.1633 mg/Kg) and Zn (31.72 mg/Kg) noted in T1 (Silanwali), while the maximum concentrations of Mg (65.247 mg/Kg), Cr (0.343 mg/Kg), P (1.146 mg/Kg), Co (0.536 mg/Kg), K (133.01 mg/Kg) were found in T2 (Sahiwal), T4 (Kotmomin) and T5 (Bhehra), respectively. Fluctuation in elemental profile of Citrus reticulata may be attributed to spatial variations or may be due to agro-climatic conditions that varies in all tehsils.
Maize is an important cereal crop which is directly eaten by humans. The present study was conduc... more Maize is an important cereal crop which is directly eaten by humans. The present study was conducted to access the effect of copper chloride on the growth of Zea mays plant. The experiment was carried out in pots. Different concentration of copper chloride (0 ppm as control, 25 ppm, 50 ppm, 75 ppm) were applied to plant before germination and after two weeks of germination. The results showed that there is decreased in growth of Zea mays takes place, while the highest biomass above ground (3.63±0.2 g, 0.29±0.005 g), biomass below ground (2.26±0.15 g, 0.08±0.005 g) total biomass (5.90±0.20 g, 0.29±0.005g) fresh and dry respectively were noted at control. Maximum shoot length (27.86±1.07 cm), root length (2.46±0.15 cm), leaf length (27.93±0.56 cm), leaf width (3.13±0.30 cm), leaf area (65.72±7.68 cm2), number of leaves (9.0±1.0), number of seeds germinate (10.0±0.50) were also noted at control level.
The current study was conducted to assess the proximate composition of Chenopodium album collecte... more The current study was conducted to assess the proximate composition of Chenopodium album collectedfrom different tehsils i.e. Mianwali, Esakhel, Piplan, of district Mianwali. The highest moisture (84.22±0.86%) andash (29.96±2.12%) content was found in Chenopodium album collected from Piplan and Mianwali respectively. Themaximum crude fiber (14.61±1.83%) and ether extract (27.11±0.21%) was reported in Piplan. The maximum crudeprotein (0.87±0.036%) and carbohydrates (11.67±1.38%) was observed in Esakhel while variation in proximatecomposition of Chenopodium album collected from different localities may be attributed to environmental factor (soilcomposition, water, temperature, light etc.) or may be due to spatial variation.
In the present era, due to the increasing incidence of environmental stresses worldwide, the deve... more In the present era, due to the increasing incidence of environmental stresses worldwide, the developmental growth and production of agriculture crops may be restrained. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have precedence over other nanoparticles because of the significant role of selenium in activating the defense system of plants. In addition to beneficial microorganisms, the use of biogenic SeNPs is known as an environmentally friendly and ecologically biocompatible approach to enhance crop production by alleviating biotic and abiotic stresses. This review provides the latest development in the green synthesis of SeNPs by using the results of plant secondary metabolites in the biogenesis of nanoparticles of different shapes and sizes with unique morphologies. Unfortunately, green synthesized SeNPs failed to achieve significant attention in the agriculture sector. However, research studies were performed to explore the application potential of plant-based SeNPs in alleviating drought, s...
The present study was aimed to biosynthesize selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and assess their foli... more The present study was aimed to biosynthesize selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and assess their foliar applications to improve the growth of wheat plants under controlled irrigation and drought stress. Bud aqueous extract of Allium sativum L. was used as a reducing and stabilizing agent of SeNPs followed by their optical and morphological characterization by using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. Various concentrations of SeNPs (10, 20, 30, and 40 mg/L) were applied exogenously to drought-tolerant (V1) and drought-susceptible (V2) wheat varieties at the trifoliate stage. Under the positive control conditions, plants were irrigated with 450 mL of water/pot (100% field capacity); and under water-deficit environment, plants were irrigated with 160 mL of water/pot (35% field capacity). Remarkable increase in plant height, shoot length, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root length, root fre...
Naturally grown fruits are the nutritional powerhouses in our daily diet which makes our health b... more Naturally grown fruits are the nutritional powerhouses in our daily diet which makes our health better. The local fruits are accessible, cheap and reliable without any contamination. These fruits fulfill nutritional deficiency without making person obese and protect us from many chronic diseases include cancer, heart attacks and diabetes. The nutrition taken from fruits makes our immune system (internal army) strong thus complementing protection against viral, bacterial and fungal pathogens. The present study was conducted to evaluate the nutritional composition of some selected fruits Pyrus malus (apple), Psidium guajava (guava), Musa paradisiaca (banana), Citrus maxima (pomelo) available in local markets of Sargodha, Pakistan. Result showed that the highest amount of moisture (86.16±0.91%) and crude fat (3.92±0.14%) was noted in apple while the highest amount of mineral matter (7.11±0.93%), carbohydrates (15.64±0.31%) and dry matter (23.68±1.02%) was observed in banana. Maximum crude fiber (1.82±0.14%) and crude protein (0.56±1.57%) was observed in pomelo and guava respectively. Fluctuation in nutritional composition of fruits was may attributed to varietal (genetic makeup) as well as agro-climatic conditions of the fruit harvest. There is further study recommended to investigate the impact of different climates and fertilizers on nutritional values of cultivated fruit varieties.
Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 2021
Citrus is one of the most commonly used as a fruit in Pakistan. To estimate their elementalprofil... more Citrus is one of the most commonly used as a fruit in Pakistan. To estimate their elementalprofile citrus were collected from five different tehsils of Sargodha district. Elemental analysis was carriedout by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. There results showed that citrus fruits have riched source ofminerals and have highest concentrations of Cu (2.71 mg/Kg), Mn (0.1633 mg/Kg) and Zn (31.72 mg/Kg)noted in T1 (Silanwali), while the maximum concentrations of Mg (65.247 mg/Kg), Cr (0.343 mg/Kg),P (1.146 mg/Kg), Co (0.536 mg/Kg), K (133.01 mg/Kg) were found in T2 (Sahiwal), T4 (Kotmomin) andT5 (Bhehra), respectively. Fluctuation in elemental profile of Citrus reticulata may be attributed to spatialvariations or may be due to agro-climatic conditions that varies in all tehsils
The present study was aimed to biosynthesize selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and assess their foli... more The present study was aimed to biosynthesize selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and assess their foliar applications to improve the growth of wheat plants under controlled irrigation and drought stress. Bud aqueous extract of Allium sativum L. was used as a reducing and stabilizing agent of SeNPs followed by their optical and morphological characterization by using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. Various concentrations of SeNPs (10, 20, 30, and 40 mg/L) were applied exogenously to drought-tolerant (V1) and drought-susceptible (V2) wheat varieties at the trifoliate stage. Under the positive control conditions, plants were irrigated with 450 mL of water/pot (100% field capacity); and under water-deficit environment, plants were irrigated with 160 mL of water/pot (35% field capacity). Remarkable increase in plant height, shoot length, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root length, root fresh weight, root dry weight, leaf area, leaf number, and leaf length has been observed when 30 mg/L concentration of SeNPs was used. However, the plant morphological parameters decreased gradually at higher concentrations (40 mg/L) in both selected wheat varieties. Therefore, 30 mg/L concentration of SeNPs was found most preferable to enhance the growth of selected wheat varieties under normal and water-deficient conditions.
The present study was conducted to determine the mineral profile of some selected Citrus fruits c... more The present study was conducted to determine the mineral profile of some selected Citrus fruits collected from different localities of district Sargodha i.e. Silanwali, Sargodha, Bhalwal. Plants include Citrus reticulata early mandarin (feutrell's early), Citrus paradisi (Grapefruit), Citrus reticulata mandarin (Kinnow), Citrus jambhiri (Khatti) and Citrus sinensis (Musambi). Results of the mineral analysis showed that the maximum concentration of Fe (6.52±0.12 mg/100g), Mn (0.98±0.08 mg/100g), Cr (0.46±0.03 mg/100g) and Zn (1.88±0.10 mg/100g) were analyzed in Citrus sinensis collected from Sargodha and Bhalwal respectively while the highest concentration of PO4 (8.10±0.09 mg/100g), Cu (33.59±0.05 mg/100g) and Ca (50.71±0.07 mg/100g) were noted in Citrus jambhiri and Citrus reticulata early mandarin collected from Bhalwal and Silanwali respectively. A highly significant variation in the mineral profile of all selected plants were observed which may be attributed to different environmental factors i.e. soil composition, water, temperature or may be linked to spatial variations.
Improving Salinity Tolerance in Brassica (Brassica napus var. Bsa and Brassica campestris var. Toria) by Exogenous Application of Proline and Glycine Betaine, 2018
The pot culture experiment was conducted to determine the influence of proline and glycine betain... more The pot culture experiment was conducted to determine the influence of proline and glycine betaine on Brassica under saline conditions. Different salinity levels (0, 65, 130 mM) were created according to the saturation percentage of the soil. Proline (0, 4, 8 mM) and glycine betaine (0, 5, 10 mM) were exogenously applied to find out their effects on growth and physiological changes produced in Brassica under salinity stress. Salinity stress reduced the growth of the plants and induced the physiological and biochemical changes. Different growth parameters of plants such as plant height, shoot, root fresh and dry weight was decreased with the increase of salinity stress. Salinity has also reduced the chlorophyll content, protein content and nitrate reductase activity of the Brassica. But the application of proline and glycine betaine was more effective to reduce the effect of salinity. Collected data from the present experiment indicated that adverse effects of salinity were counteracted by proline and glycine betaine. Overall, it was observed that exogenous application of both proline and glycine betaine has reduced the effect of salinity.
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