I am a Communication Research Instructor from the Department of Communication Research at the University of the Philippines College of Mass Communication. Currently, I am pursuing a master's degree in Philippine Studies at the Asian Center of the same university, and graduated with the degree of Communication Research from the Department of Communication Research. I am interested in the study of Filipino Diaspora and Philippine Folkore, and its relation and implications to the society. I am also interested in Community Development and Communicative-Anthropologic perspectives.
In the daily lives of people in the metro, slum areas have been a common sight in our daily routi... more In the daily lives of people in the metro, slum areas have been a common sight in our daily routine. But what caused the existence of the slums and informal settlers, the urban poor and dwellers, and their condition are structural and systemic in nature. In 2013, over 860 million people were living in slums, which is tallied to be about 725 million in 2000 (UN Habitat, 2013). This study aims to understand the condition of the urban poor communities in resettlement areas and the forces that affects their struggle.
Festivals, occurring to commemorate historical events and continuing to serve as a reminder and a... more Festivals, occurring to commemorate historical events and continuing to serve as a reminder and a guide in the contemporary times, can be seen as an avenue where public memory and recall is valued (Belghazi, 2006 in Agonos, et.al., 2014). The Philippines, composed of 81 provinces, is filled with different festivities that may or may not occur simultaneously. These festivals speak about the history and culture of the place where it is being held. However, along with the rise in tourism, the festivals are becoming the selling point of a certain city, municipality, or province instead of the natural destinations of the place. In other cases, these festivals also seem to give identity to the place where it occurs. This paper is primarily based on Teruya Adachi’s The Morion as a Stranger but is contextualized to the modern setting. To gain perspective as to how a festival can give identity to a locality, the researcher observed the Moriones Festival that transpires in Marinduque during the Holy Week. The researcher also interviewed a few Marinduque inhabitants who participate in the aforementioned festivity. Guided by the Community of Practice Theory by Wenger and the Ritual View of Communication by Carey, the researcher looked into how the Moriones Festival creates an identity for the locals of Marinduque and the province itself. As the years progressed, the practice of Morion has changed in terms of the costumes, public spaces, portrayals, and eventually, its meanings and motivations.
This short paper is a proposal that focuses on how folk tales influence the practices among the m... more This short paper is a proposal that focuses on how folk tales influence the practices among the members of a community and how it can assist in the formation of an identity. The research is based on the folk tale about a mythical underwater creature that lurks within the premises of Lake Mohikap in Brgy. Sta. Catalina, San Pablo, Laguna. Folk tales, formed from the different accounts expressed by the members of a community, need not be verified beliefs, stories, or rumors that are shared among the members themselves. In Sta. Catalina, San Pablo, Laguna, stories about an enormous creature – believed to be the guardian and protector of the lake – is thought to be lurking and living within the peaceful lake of Mohikap. The story of the sea creature is related to Lake Mohikap’s legend that continues to affect and shape the daily lives of the members of the Sta. Catalina community. Through the narratives from the conducted interviews from the members of Sta. Catalina, the paper would look into how the folk tales affect or shape the lives of the members of a community and likewise, how the lifestyle of the members of the community form the folk tale itself. Guided by Walter Fisher’s Narrative Paradigm as framework, the different accounts shared by the community members will be weaved into a story with the aim to reflect the lifestyle and the ways and means of the members of the community. This paper aims to demonstrate the importance of narratives in understanding the meanings that shape a community’s identity along with the beliefs and practices. Additionally, the narrative intends to contribute to Philippine Literature particularly in terms of marine or aquatic tales.
Lumalaki ang populasyon ng mga Pilipinong nangingibang-bayan, at kahit na pang-ekonomiko ang pang... more Lumalaki ang populasyon ng mga Pilipinong nangingibang-bayan, at kahit na pang-ekonomiko ang pangunahing dahilan, mayroon na ring iba’t ibang rason ang pangingibang-bayan lalo na ng mga Pilipino. Hindi na lamang pang-ekonomikong aspeto ang naaapektuhan ng penomenon ng migrasyon, kundi maging ang mga kaisipan at kaugalian ng isang indibidwal na kanyang natututunan sa isang pamayanang kanyang kinabibilangan. Sa paglipas ng panahon ay dumarami na rin ang bilang ng mga kabataang Pilipinong lumilipat sa ibang bansa upang makasama ang kanilang mga magulang, samakatuwid ay mahalagang matignan kung paano nga ba ito nakakaapekto sa iba’t ibang aspeto ng buhay ng isang indibidwal. Upang intindihin ang mga karanasan ng mga kabataang balikbayan, ginamit sa pag-aaral na ito ang teoryang Cultural Identity at ang mga konseptong habitus at fields. Kinapanayam ang dalawang kabataang balikbayan na nagmula sa Dubai upang malaman at maintindihan ang kanilang karanasan batay sa kanilang mga kwento. Sa dami ng kanilang karanasan at mga natutunan mula sa ibang bansa, hindi na lamang purong Pilipino ang identidad ng mga kabataang balikbayan, bagkus ay nahaluan na ito ng kultura ng iba’t ibang lahi. Mula sa pagkakaintindi sa sarili, patungko sa pakikitungo sa kapwa, hanggang sa pakikisalamuha bilang bahagi pa ng isang malaking pangkat, nabubuo ang pagkakakilanlan sa isang indibidwal. Sa huli, sa pagbabalik ng mga kabataang balikbayan ay nabago na sila, at gayundin ang pamayanang kanilang babalikan.
This paper argues that teachers express their agency even through simple ways in order to help sh... more This paper argues that teachers express their agency even through simple ways in order to help shape and reshape the structure of the education system in the country. Guided by Michel Foucault’s concept of docile bodies agency, and panopticon, interviews with three key informants were conducted in order to gather their expressions of individual agencies upon the implementation of the PPST-based RPMS. Expressions of both their support and resistance of the initial implementation of the PPST-based RPMS connote morally undesirable actions which they pursue in order to comply with the requirements stipulated in the assessment mechanism. These expressions of support and resistance comprises hints of both docility and agency. Moreover, the nature of the PPST-based RPMS, as an assessment mechanism, manifests the ever-constant form of surveillance that further the compliance of the individuals being assessed. Overall, the main audience of the initial implementation take a significant part in the assessment mechanism. Aside from being the individuals to whom the PPST-based RPMS are utilized, they also have the ability to help reshape the current education structure. In more ways than one, the teachers remain to be docile bodies following the orders of those who hold stronger and sharper powers that them, yet, through the simple ways of learning more about the reform, amending the design, adding or removing certain contents of the portfolio, among many others, they are able to exercise their own powers. These acts of resistance need not be conscious effort to go against the system, but if consolidated and taken into account, could help reshape the education system.
With domestic labor as one of the major exports of the Philippines, Filipinas are driven to subje... more With domestic labor as one of the major exports of the Philippines, Filipinas are driven to subject themselves in the "breadth" of opportunities overseas. The availability and consistency of economic development in labor-accepting countries serve as one of the primary considerations in selecting migration destination. However, economic stability could not adequately characterize the cultural and social landscape of these migration destination. Thus, the migrants' security and well-being could not be determined prior to the temporary labor migration. Despite this uncertainty, migrants are able to employ and develop manifestations of agency and expression of resistance even through their actions during mundane activities in a limited space where they are situated in. This paper explores the manifestations of agency and expressions of resistance among Filipina migrant workers from the Middle Easter countries. Guided by the integration of Feminist Standpoint Theory by Sandra Harding and Julia Wood and Social Cognitive Theory by Albert Bandura, the researcher interviewed three Filipina migrant workers from different Middle Eastern countries in order to gather the narratives of their experiences overseas. The narratives of these Filipina migrant workers show that they have actively sought ways to make their lives and experiences better in their host countries. Moreover, their experiences show that even if the phenomenon of temporary economic migration among Filipinas are not new, they still remain in the constant fear of being in danger. Thus, there is a conscious and semi-conscious effort from their part to guarantee a better condition overseas. Migrants may become victims, but they are not just victims; they fight for their rights, migrants receive assistance from the government, but they are not merely receivers; they act for their own benefit and for the others as well. The continuity of migration may not stop anytime soon, but this does not mean that individuals would remain to be complacent with the procedures that persist; rather, there must be an active effort to seek actions to help the migrants – marginalized and oppressed in foreign lands – and include them in the battle for their safety and security as their individual agencies are recognized.
As a pervasive tool, social media has furthered human interactions (Murthy, 2018) not only throug... more As a pervasive tool, social media has furthered human interactions (Murthy, 2018) not only through connectedness but also through the discourses that arise from expressed opinions, ideas, and ideologies. With social media platforms providing two-way avenues for expression, the platform has allowed political representatives to connect to their respective constituencies. Meanwhile, the constituents gained the ability to capture the attention of parties or other individuals to whom they would like to address certain concerns. This concept, termed as the ‘call- out discourses”, is evident especially among activists and progressives who utilize social media. This study probed into the strategies employed by the legislators’ respective communication teams in order to process the call-out discourses received online. Through the qualitative approaches of Case Study and Textual Analysis, the researchers looked into the process conducted from the reception of online call-outs and how and what leads to certain responses and actions from the communication teams of the legislators from the House of Representatives. The study is guided by the integrated frameworks of Social Media Integration Theory, Actor-Network Theory, and Communicative Action Theory in order to make sense of how certain call-outs engage the different agencies or members within the organization (the legislator’s communication team) until deliberated decisions are translated into forms of responses – including engagements and actions.
This study probes into the acculturation process that student migrants undergo as they move to st... more This study probes into the acculturation process that student migrants undergo as they move to study in the University of the Philippines Diliman. Acculturation is a continuous process of adaptation to a new culture upon separation from the culture of origin. Through life stories, the experiences of the student migrants regarding their integration into their new environment are explored. The language is one of the most pressing barriers that the migrants face for they strive to express themselves through languages that they are not accustomed to using. On the other hand, consumption of available mass media sources, organizations, and student groups were useful in the student migrant‘s management of the unfamiliar things that they are exposed to. Moreover, participation in the UP community‘s events and ceremonies draw the migrants into fellowship with the other members because these are where shared meanings are derived from. Despite acculturation being a continuous process, this study elucidates how student migrants can successfully adapt in their host community. Through looking at culture in a communication perspective, the success of message exchange is highly exemplified through the construction of a ―meaningful cultural world, which, for the purpose of the study, is the meaning of UP Life.
SEARCH: The Journal of the South East Asia Research Centre for Communication and Humanities, 2015
In the Philippines, more than 10% of the total Filipino population is working overseas in order t... more In the Philippines, more than 10% of the total Filipino population is working overseas in order to provide a better future for their families. While the purpose of parental migration is for financial stability, the compositional change in the family can bring adverse effects on the children left behind. The sudden change in family composition, that is, having a parent away could affect the children’s well-being and upbringing. More often than not, leisure becomes an avenue for parents to compensate for such change, directing leisure activities for the children’s well-being. Thus, this study discusses how a Filipino family with a parent working abroad negotiates its leisure as a family. Specifically, the study describes the family’s leisure before and after the departure of one parent and delves into how family members with an Overseas Filipino Worker (OFW) parent establish their respective role in deciding on their family leisure. The study utilised the styles of Handling Interpersonal Conflict and the Integrative Analysis of Negotiation as theoretical anchors, and employed four Key Informant Interviews (KIIS) for parents, four KIIs for child only, and a Family Group Discussion (FGD). Findings show that families with an OFW parent usually employ three styles of negotiation, namely: Accommodation, Collaboration, and Competition. The negotiation depends upon the type of leisure, the budget allotted for it, and the parties involved in the activity. Parents, either overseas or left behind, tend to be accommodating of their children’s leisure requests. However, between parents themselves, competition of ideas and suggestions may arise, while children tend to be more collaborative among themselves.
Filipinos give value to the concept of pasalubong. This concept involves material souvenirs a tra... more Filipinos give value to the concept of pasalubong. This concept involves material souvenirs a traveler/migrant brings upon return to the homeland as gifts for loved ones or a memento from where the migrant had come from. The study looked into the concept of pasalubong transcending the tangible realm. A migrant brings along communication patterns that can be transferred (pasa) as one migrates to a foreign community, which assists the individual in interacting with the locals and understanding the host community. Meanwhile, the ability of a host community to welcome (salubong) a migrant and parts of one’s culture also bears a significant part in the process of acculturation. Lastly, the migrant’s preparedness to integrate to the new environment and the environment’s similarity to one’s home community supports the migrant’s quest for integration. The same challenges in terms of integration are faced by the migrants as they return to their homeland. Migrants, upon their stay in a foreign community, are influenced by the social norms and their experiences during their stay, and these influences are brought back (pasa) to their country upon their return. Meanwhile, the original community is accepting (salubong) of the influences from foreign lands. Upon return, a migrant brings along (pasalubong) lifestyles and practices that are different from their original community. Despite differences, the migrant keeps these acquisitions as a remembrance of the development of one’s intercultural identity.
In the daily lives of people in the metro, slum areas have been a common sight in our daily routi... more In the daily lives of people in the metro, slum areas have been a common sight in our daily routine. But what caused the existence of the slums and informal settlers, the urban poor and dwellers, and their condition are structural and systemic in nature. In 2013, over 860 million people were living in slums, which is tallied to be about 725 million in 2000 (UN Habitat, 2013). This study aims to understand the condition of the urban poor communities in resettlement areas and the forces that affects their struggle.
Festivals, occurring to commemorate historical events and continuing to serve as a reminder and a... more Festivals, occurring to commemorate historical events and continuing to serve as a reminder and a guide in the contemporary times, can be seen as an avenue where public memory and recall is valued (Belghazi, 2006 in Agonos, et.al., 2014). The Philippines, composed of 81 provinces, is filled with different festivities that may or may not occur simultaneously. These festivals speak about the history and culture of the place where it is being held. However, along with the rise in tourism, the festivals are becoming the selling point of a certain city, municipality, or province instead of the natural destinations of the place. In other cases, these festivals also seem to give identity to the place where it occurs. This paper is primarily based on Teruya Adachi’s The Morion as a Stranger but is contextualized to the modern setting. To gain perspective as to how a festival can give identity to a locality, the researcher observed the Moriones Festival that transpires in Marinduque during the Holy Week. The researcher also interviewed a few Marinduque inhabitants who participate in the aforementioned festivity. Guided by the Community of Practice Theory by Wenger and the Ritual View of Communication by Carey, the researcher looked into how the Moriones Festival creates an identity for the locals of Marinduque and the province itself. As the years progressed, the practice of Morion has changed in terms of the costumes, public spaces, portrayals, and eventually, its meanings and motivations.
This short paper is a proposal that focuses on how folk tales influence the practices among the m... more This short paper is a proposal that focuses on how folk tales influence the practices among the members of a community and how it can assist in the formation of an identity. The research is based on the folk tale about a mythical underwater creature that lurks within the premises of Lake Mohikap in Brgy. Sta. Catalina, San Pablo, Laguna. Folk tales, formed from the different accounts expressed by the members of a community, need not be verified beliefs, stories, or rumors that are shared among the members themselves. In Sta. Catalina, San Pablo, Laguna, stories about an enormous creature – believed to be the guardian and protector of the lake – is thought to be lurking and living within the peaceful lake of Mohikap. The story of the sea creature is related to Lake Mohikap’s legend that continues to affect and shape the daily lives of the members of the Sta. Catalina community. Through the narratives from the conducted interviews from the members of Sta. Catalina, the paper would look into how the folk tales affect or shape the lives of the members of a community and likewise, how the lifestyle of the members of the community form the folk tale itself. Guided by Walter Fisher’s Narrative Paradigm as framework, the different accounts shared by the community members will be weaved into a story with the aim to reflect the lifestyle and the ways and means of the members of the community. This paper aims to demonstrate the importance of narratives in understanding the meanings that shape a community’s identity along with the beliefs and practices. Additionally, the narrative intends to contribute to Philippine Literature particularly in terms of marine or aquatic tales.
Lumalaki ang populasyon ng mga Pilipinong nangingibang-bayan, at kahit na pang-ekonomiko ang pang... more Lumalaki ang populasyon ng mga Pilipinong nangingibang-bayan, at kahit na pang-ekonomiko ang pangunahing dahilan, mayroon na ring iba’t ibang rason ang pangingibang-bayan lalo na ng mga Pilipino. Hindi na lamang pang-ekonomikong aspeto ang naaapektuhan ng penomenon ng migrasyon, kundi maging ang mga kaisipan at kaugalian ng isang indibidwal na kanyang natututunan sa isang pamayanang kanyang kinabibilangan. Sa paglipas ng panahon ay dumarami na rin ang bilang ng mga kabataang Pilipinong lumilipat sa ibang bansa upang makasama ang kanilang mga magulang, samakatuwid ay mahalagang matignan kung paano nga ba ito nakakaapekto sa iba’t ibang aspeto ng buhay ng isang indibidwal. Upang intindihin ang mga karanasan ng mga kabataang balikbayan, ginamit sa pag-aaral na ito ang teoryang Cultural Identity at ang mga konseptong habitus at fields. Kinapanayam ang dalawang kabataang balikbayan na nagmula sa Dubai upang malaman at maintindihan ang kanilang karanasan batay sa kanilang mga kwento. Sa dami ng kanilang karanasan at mga natutunan mula sa ibang bansa, hindi na lamang purong Pilipino ang identidad ng mga kabataang balikbayan, bagkus ay nahaluan na ito ng kultura ng iba’t ibang lahi. Mula sa pagkakaintindi sa sarili, patungko sa pakikitungo sa kapwa, hanggang sa pakikisalamuha bilang bahagi pa ng isang malaking pangkat, nabubuo ang pagkakakilanlan sa isang indibidwal. Sa huli, sa pagbabalik ng mga kabataang balikbayan ay nabago na sila, at gayundin ang pamayanang kanilang babalikan.
This paper argues that teachers express their agency even through simple ways in order to help sh... more This paper argues that teachers express their agency even through simple ways in order to help shape and reshape the structure of the education system in the country. Guided by Michel Foucault’s concept of docile bodies agency, and panopticon, interviews with three key informants were conducted in order to gather their expressions of individual agencies upon the implementation of the PPST-based RPMS. Expressions of both their support and resistance of the initial implementation of the PPST-based RPMS connote morally undesirable actions which they pursue in order to comply with the requirements stipulated in the assessment mechanism. These expressions of support and resistance comprises hints of both docility and agency. Moreover, the nature of the PPST-based RPMS, as an assessment mechanism, manifests the ever-constant form of surveillance that further the compliance of the individuals being assessed. Overall, the main audience of the initial implementation take a significant part in the assessment mechanism. Aside from being the individuals to whom the PPST-based RPMS are utilized, they also have the ability to help reshape the current education structure. In more ways than one, the teachers remain to be docile bodies following the orders of those who hold stronger and sharper powers that them, yet, through the simple ways of learning more about the reform, amending the design, adding or removing certain contents of the portfolio, among many others, they are able to exercise their own powers. These acts of resistance need not be conscious effort to go against the system, but if consolidated and taken into account, could help reshape the education system.
With domestic labor as one of the major exports of the Philippines, Filipinas are driven to subje... more With domestic labor as one of the major exports of the Philippines, Filipinas are driven to subject themselves in the "breadth" of opportunities overseas. The availability and consistency of economic development in labor-accepting countries serve as one of the primary considerations in selecting migration destination. However, economic stability could not adequately characterize the cultural and social landscape of these migration destination. Thus, the migrants' security and well-being could not be determined prior to the temporary labor migration. Despite this uncertainty, migrants are able to employ and develop manifestations of agency and expression of resistance even through their actions during mundane activities in a limited space where they are situated in. This paper explores the manifestations of agency and expressions of resistance among Filipina migrant workers from the Middle Easter countries. Guided by the integration of Feminist Standpoint Theory by Sandra Harding and Julia Wood and Social Cognitive Theory by Albert Bandura, the researcher interviewed three Filipina migrant workers from different Middle Eastern countries in order to gather the narratives of their experiences overseas. The narratives of these Filipina migrant workers show that they have actively sought ways to make their lives and experiences better in their host countries. Moreover, their experiences show that even if the phenomenon of temporary economic migration among Filipinas are not new, they still remain in the constant fear of being in danger. Thus, there is a conscious and semi-conscious effort from their part to guarantee a better condition overseas. Migrants may become victims, but they are not just victims; they fight for their rights, migrants receive assistance from the government, but they are not merely receivers; they act for their own benefit and for the others as well. The continuity of migration may not stop anytime soon, but this does not mean that individuals would remain to be complacent with the procedures that persist; rather, there must be an active effort to seek actions to help the migrants – marginalized and oppressed in foreign lands – and include them in the battle for their safety and security as their individual agencies are recognized.
As a pervasive tool, social media has furthered human interactions (Murthy, 2018) not only throug... more As a pervasive tool, social media has furthered human interactions (Murthy, 2018) not only through connectedness but also through the discourses that arise from expressed opinions, ideas, and ideologies. With social media platforms providing two-way avenues for expression, the platform has allowed political representatives to connect to their respective constituencies. Meanwhile, the constituents gained the ability to capture the attention of parties or other individuals to whom they would like to address certain concerns. This concept, termed as the ‘call- out discourses”, is evident especially among activists and progressives who utilize social media. This study probed into the strategies employed by the legislators’ respective communication teams in order to process the call-out discourses received online. Through the qualitative approaches of Case Study and Textual Analysis, the researchers looked into the process conducted from the reception of online call-outs and how and what leads to certain responses and actions from the communication teams of the legislators from the House of Representatives. The study is guided by the integrated frameworks of Social Media Integration Theory, Actor-Network Theory, and Communicative Action Theory in order to make sense of how certain call-outs engage the different agencies or members within the organization (the legislator’s communication team) until deliberated decisions are translated into forms of responses – including engagements and actions.
This study probes into the acculturation process that student migrants undergo as they move to st... more This study probes into the acculturation process that student migrants undergo as they move to study in the University of the Philippines Diliman. Acculturation is a continuous process of adaptation to a new culture upon separation from the culture of origin. Through life stories, the experiences of the student migrants regarding their integration into their new environment are explored. The language is one of the most pressing barriers that the migrants face for they strive to express themselves through languages that they are not accustomed to using. On the other hand, consumption of available mass media sources, organizations, and student groups were useful in the student migrant‘s management of the unfamiliar things that they are exposed to. Moreover, participation in the UP community‘s events and ceremonies draw the migrants into fellowship with the other members because these are where shared meanings are derived from. Despite acculturation being a continuous process, this study elucidates how student migrants can successfully adapt in their host community. Through looking at culture in a communication perspective, the success of message exchange is highly exemplified through the construction of a ―meaningful cultural world, which, for the purpose of the study, is the meaning of UP Life.
SEARCH: The Journal of the South East Asia Research Centre for Communication and Humanities, 2015
In the Philippines, more than 10% of the total Filipino population is working overseas in order t... more In the Philippines, more than 10% of the total Filipino population is working overseas in order to provide a better future for their families. While the purpose of parental migration is for financial stability, the compositional change in the family can bring adverse effects on the children left behind. The sudden change in family composition, that is, having a parent away could affect the children’s well-being and upbringing. More often than not, leisure becomes an avenue for parents to compensate for such change, directing leisure activities for the children’s well-being. Thus, this study discusses how a Filipino family with a parent working abroad negotiates its leisure as a family. Specifically, the study describes the family’s leisure before and after the departure of one parent and delves into how family members with an Overseas Filipino Worker (OFW) parent establish their respective role in deciding on their family leisure. The study utilised the styles of Handling Interpersonal Conflict and the Integrative Analysis of Negotiation as theoretical anchors, and employed four Key Informant Interviews (KIIS) for parents, four KIIs for child only, and a Family Group Discussion (FGD). Findings show that families with an OFW parent usually employ three styles of negotiation, namely: Accommodation, Collaboration, and Competition. The negotiation depends upon the type of leisure, the budget allotted for it, and the parties involved in the activity. Parents, either overseas or left behind, tend to be accommodating of their children’s leisure requests. However, between parents themselves, competition of ideas and suggestions may arise, while children tend to be more collaborative among themselves.
Filipinos give value to the concept of pasalubong. This concept involves material souvenirs a tra... more Filipinos give value to the concept of pasalubong. This concept involves material souvenirs a traveler/migrant brings upon return to the homeland as gifts for loved ones or a memento from where the migrant had come from. The study looked into the concept of pasalubong transcending the tangible realm. A migrant brings along communication patterns that can be transferred (pasa) as one migrates to a foreign community, which assists the individual in interacting with the locals and understanding the host community. Meanwhile, the ability of a host community to welcome (salubong) a migrant and parts of one’s culture also bears a significant part in the process of acculturation. Lastly, the migrant’s preparedness to integrate to the new environment and the environment’s similarity to one’s home community supports the migrant’s quest for integration. The same challenges in terms of integration are faced by the migrants as they return to their homeland. Migrants, upon their stay in a foreign community, are influenced by the social norms and their experiences during their stay, and these influences are brought back (pasa) to their country upon their return. Meanwhile, the original community is accepting (salubong) of the influences from foreign lands. Upon return, a migrant brings along (pasalubong) lifestyles and practices that are different from their original community. Despite differences, the migrant keeps these acquisitions as a remembrance of the development of one’s intercultural identity.
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balikbayan, bagkus ay nahaluan na ito ng kultura ng iba’t ibang lahi. Mula sa pagkakaintindi sa sarili, patungko sa pakikitungo sa kapwa, hanggang sa pakikisalamuha bilang bahagi pa ng isang malaking pangkat, nabubuo ang pagkakakilanlan sa isang indibidwal. Sa huli, sa pagbabalik ng mga kabataang balikbayan ay nabago na sila, at gayundin ang pamayanang kanilang babalikan.
during mundane activities in a limited space where they are situated in. This paper explores the manifestations of agency and expressions of resistance among Filipina migrant workers from the Middle Easter countries. Guided by the integration of Feminist Standpoint Theory by Sandra Harding and Julia Wood and Social Cognitive Theory by Albert Bandura, the researcher interviewed three Filipina migrant workers from different Middle Eastern countries in order to gather the narratives of their experiences overseas. The narratives of these Filipina migrant workers show that they have actively sought ways to make their lives and experiences better in their host countries. Moreover, their experiences show that even if the phenomenon of temporary economic migration among Filipinas are not new, they still remain in the constant fear of being in danger. Thus, there is a conscious and semi-conscious effort from their part to guarantee a better condition overseas. Migrants may become victims, but they are not just victims; they fight for their rights, migrants receive assistance from the government, but they are not merely receivers; they act for their own benefit and for the others as well. The continuity of migration may not stop anytime soon, but this does not mean that individuals would remain to be complacent with the procedures that persist; rather, there must be an active effort to seek actions to help the migrants – marginalized and oppressed in foreign lands – and include them in the battle for their safety and security as their individual agencies are recognized.
out discourses”, is evident especially among activists and progressives who utilize social media. This study probed into the strategies employed by the legislators’ respective communication teams in order to process the call-out discourses received online. Through the qualitative approaches of Case Study and Textual Analysis, the researchers looked into the process conducted from the reception of online call-outs and how and what leads to certain responses and actions from the communication teams of the legislators from the House of Representatives. The study is guided by the integrated frameworks of Social Media Integration Theory, Actor-Network Theory, and Communicative Action Theory in order to make sense of how certain call-outs engage the different agencies or members within the organization (the legislator’s communication team) until deliberated decisions are translated into forms of responses – including engagements and actions.
budget allotted for it, and the parties involved in the activity. Parents, either overseas or left behind, tend to be accommodating of their children’s leisure requests. However, between parents themselves, competition of ideas and suggestions may arise, while children tend to be more collaborative among themselves.
balikbayan, bagkus ay nahaluan na ito ng kultura ng iba’t ibang lahi. Mula sa pagkakaintindi sa sarili, patungko sa pakikitungo sa kapwa, hanggang sa pakikisalamuha bilang bahagi pa ng isang malaking pangkat, nabubuo ang pagkakakilanlan sa isang indibidwal. Sa huli, sa pagbabalik ng mga kabataang balikbayan ay nabago na sila, at gayundin ang pamayanang kanilang babalikan.
during mundane activities in a limited space where they are situated in. This paper explores the manifestations of agency and expressions of resistance among Filipina migrant workers from the Middle Easter countries. Guided by the integration of Feminist Standpoint Theory by Sandra Harding and Julia Wood and Social Cognitive Theory by Albert Bandura, the researcher interviewed three Filipina migrant workers from different Middle Eastern countries in order to gather the narratives of their experiences overseas. The narratives of these Filipina migrant workers show that they have actively sought ways to make their lives and experiences better in their host countries. Moreover, their experiences show that even if the phenomenon of temporary economic migration among Filipinas are not new, they still remain in the constant fear of being in danger. Thus, there is a conscious and semi-conscious effort from their part to guarantee a better condition overseas. Migrants may become victims, but they are not just victims; they fight for their rights, migrants receive assistance from the government, but they are not merely receivers; they act for their own benefit and for the others as well. The continuity of migration may not stop anytime soon, but this does not mean that individuals would remain to be complacent with the procedures that persist; rather, there must be an active effort to seek actions to help the migrants – marginalized and oppressed in foreign lands – and include them in the battle for their safety and security as their individual agencies are recognized.
out discourses”, is evident especially among activists and progressives who utilize social media. This study probed into the strategies employed by the legislators’ respective communication teams in order to process the call-out discourses received online. Through the qualitative approaches of Case Study and Textual Analysis, the researchers looked into the process conducted from the reception of online call-outs and how and what leads to certain responses and actions from the communication teams of the legislators from the House of Representatives. The study is guided by the integrated frameworks of Social Media Integration Theory, Actor-Network Theory, and Communicative Action Theory in order to make sense of how certain call-outs engage the different agencies or members within the organization (the legislator’s communication team) until deliberated decisions are translated into forms of responses – including engagements and actions.
budget allotted for it, and the parties involved in the activity. Parents, either overseas or left behind, tend to be accommodating of their children’s leisure requests. However, between parents themselves, competition of ideas and suggestions may arise, while children tend to be more collaborative among themselves.