Papers by Zdeněk OMELKA
RegioM, 2023
With the growing number of enthusiasts using metal detectors that cooperate with
archaeological ... more With the growing number of enthusiasts using metal detectors that cooperate with
archaeological institutions, there are many new finds from the Modern Era that have
been recently studied and described; these include also personal (artisanal) sealing
stamps. The article presents 18 sealing stamps found in the Mikulov district. They are
classical sealing (hallmark) stamps with holders (thirteen pieces), as well as signet
rings (five). Some of the said sealers were previously deposited in the collections of
the Regional Museum in Mikulov, others have been currently donated to the museum
by their finders, some have been loaned for documentation from private collections.
However, the presented hallmark stamps are most likely just a fraction of all the finds
collected across the district in the past few years.
According to the themes and the overall rendering, the presented stamps can
be dated to the 18th century, which was a time of the greatest popularity of such
sealers (one of the stamps even bears the year 1763 carved in it). The collection contains Jewish hallmark stamps (four), which comes as no surprise given the strong
Jewish community that once thrived in Mikulov. These Jewish stamps bear various
Hebrew texts and initials, lion symbols, Kohanim (priest) hands, or the symbol of
a merchant’s gauge. There are also multiple stamps referring to the wine‑making
profession (four), which repeat the symbol of a wine‑cutting knife and a grape. Two other stamps depict the Lamb of God, typically used on stamps by priests, specifically parish priests. Stamps were often used by various artisans and craftsmen: merchants, using the symbol of a gauge, butchers and tanners with the symbol of cattle, blacksmiths and millers with the symbol of mill wheel. Other stamps belonged to artisans or burghers using their personal symbols or popular floral ornaments. One of the stamps, probably of a military officer, has an arm with a sword on it.
All the stamps are also monogrammed. Thanks to them, and using written
documents, it could be possible in the future to link at least some of the stamps with
particular individuals.
Jižní Morava, 2023
As part of the research on the deserted medieval villages near Valtice, a series of detector pros... more As part of the research on the deserted medieval villages near Valtice, a series of detector prospections were carried out in the areas of Aloch and Kelčín in 2020. The metallic material complemented the former mainly ceramic collections of the Regional Museum in Mikulov and the entire collection was re-evaluated, including the loaned collections of B. Gruny. The detector findings confirmed the previous dating of the villages and clarified their location. Ani integral part of the research was the study of aerial photographs, which yielded new findings about the village of Kelčín in the form of the layout of individual houses and their number.
https://www.digitalniknihovna.cz/mzk/view/uuid:b09655f0-dbb5-11ee-b923-005056827e51?page=uuid:1efcd8c9-1607-4558-a30b-9c2f1ef37141
RegioM, 2022
Evidence of the Presence of Foreign Armies in the Mikulov Region during the Napoleonic Wars
Recen... more Evidence of the Presence of Foreign Armies in the Mikulov Region during the Napoleonic Wars
Recently buttons from French army uniforms have been found during detector searches in the wider Mikulov region. The set presented here contains twelve buttons – ten of these are numbered (regiments 13, 17, 26, 43, 54, 57, 61, 92 and 108), one is an Imperial Guard button (with the Imperial Eagle) and one is a Revolutionary button (with the Victory Column). Their concentration in the area testifies to the movement of the French troops, both during the movements to the main battlefields at Slavkov and Znojmo and then during the movement of soldiers from the battlefields; it also illustrates the soldiers' stay in the Mikulov infirmary in 1805 and 1809.
Folia Numismatica, 2022
In spring 2019, a Hungarian ducat of Marie I of Anjou was found in the village Novosedly (distr. ... more In spring 2019, a Hungarian ducat of Marie I of Anjou was found in the village Novosedly (distr. Břeclav). The coin minted in the late 14th century is an exceptional trace of the settlement in the High Middle Ages and represents an important numismatic find ranking among rare pieces in Moravia.
Hrušovanský zpravodaj, 2022
In October 2022, the International Day of Archeology took place in Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou.
Hrušovanský zpravodaj , 2022
On Thursday, June 9, 2022, a meeting of archaeologists and the public took place in Hrušovany nad... more On Thursday, June 9, 2022, a meeting of archaeologists and the public took place in Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou. Archaeologists presented lectures on research from the region between the cities of Znojmo and Mikulov. The article is in a local magazine.
HRUŠOVANSKÝ ZPRAVODAJ, 2020
In the intravilan of Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou, new houses are being built. The article describes... more In the intravilan of Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou, new houses are being built. The article describes how to report the construction and what are the positives of archaeological research.
In summer 2012, an interesting coronation jeton was found to the west of the Sedlec Village, sout... more In summer 2012, an interesting coronation jeton was found to the west of the Sedlec Village, south Moravia. The jeton was struck on occasion of coronation of Charles III as the King of Hungary in Bratislava in 1712. Single finds of the coronation jetons are quite rare.
In the past, a settlement from the Early Bronze Age was uncovered in the village of Hrušovany nad... more In the past, a settlement from the Early Bronze Age was uncovered in the village of Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou. In 2019 information boards were installed describing the research results and the archaeological site.
Thesis Chapters by Zdeněk OMELKA
In the rural environment of South Moravia in the Middle Ages, there were many medieval villages, ... more In the rural environment of South Moravia in the Middle Ages, there were many medieval villages, which today are deserted. With the help of historical and archaeological sources,
20 such villages were documented in the wider region of Hrušovansko. Detector prospecting was carried out at selected locations, which managed to collect more like 500 metal artifacts and a collection of ceramic material. All new findings are incorporated into the evaluation of the overall development of the settlement of the region from the 10th to the 17th century, landscape models of the Late Hillfort Period, High Medieval and Early Modern Periods were created. Based on new findings, it is then possible to predict other, yet unlocated, deserted villages.
Original version: https://theses.cz/id/dpx156/ Citation: OMELKA, Zdeněk. Zaniklé středověké vesnice na Hrušovansku. Olomouc, 2023. diplomová práce (Mgr.). UNIVERZITA PALACKÉHO V OLOMOUCI. Filozofická fakulta
In the cadastre of the town Valtice there are several deserted medieval villages, in written hist... more In the cadastre of the town Valtice there are several deserted medieval villages, in written historical sources and, in some cases, based on earlier archaeological research. Previous results of archaeological researches and other research activities have not been summarized yet. A total of 1.7 thousand ceramic and 76 metal artifacts were processed from the depository of the Regional Museum in Mikulov, from the collection of the amateur archaeologist B. Gruna and from the field walking of the author of the work. Furthermore, publicly available orthophotos were analysed for the presence of vegetation symptoms in the cadastre. The work brought new knowledge about the existence and arrangement of the settlements of Aloch and Kelčín.
Original version: https://theses.cz/id/x9i5xo/
Citation: OMELKA, Zdeněk. Zaniklé středověké osady v katastru obce Valtice. Olomouc, 2021. bakalářská práce (Bc.). UNIVERZITA PALACKÉHO V OLOMOUCI. Filozofická fakulta
Selected Minor Reports by Zdeněk OMELKA
Přehled výzkumů, 2023
In 2021, the Museum of Brno, p. o., acquired into its collections a copper anthropomorphic figuri... more In 2021, the Museum of Brno, p. o., acquired into its collections a copper anthropomorphic figurine found during a detector prospection.
The find comes from the area of the southeastern part of the Pohořelice suburb, in the "Bažantnice" area. Probably female sculpture depicts a figure in a long robe with a crown or ornament on her head. The figure holds her left arm bent at the side and is topped with a hole, probably used for riveting another piece. The right hand is damaged. From the formation of the back of the sculpture, it is evident that the lower part was hollow, whether it formed a closed tube or a semi-closed shape. Elemental analysis of the object, taken from depth, was carried out by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, it was found that the alloy is composed of multiple 99% copper and less than 1% lead. A small figurative sculpture with thin arms has been until now unknown in Moravia. The exclusion method and knowledge of contemporary we limit the find to the Hallstatt period. Unique analogues can be found south of our territory in Austria or Etruscan Italy.
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Papers by Zdeněk OMELKA
archaeological institutions, there are many new finds from the Modern Era that have
been recently studied and described; these include also personal (artisanal) sealing
stamps. The article presents 18 sealing stamps found in the Mikulov district. They are
classical sealing (hallmark) stamps with holders (thirteen pieces), as well as signet
rings (five). Some of the said sealers were previously deposited in the collections of
the Regional Museum in Mikulov, others have been currently donated to the museum
by their finders, some have been loaned for documentation from private collections.
However, the presented hallmark stamps are most likely just a fraction of all the finds
collected across the district in the past few years.
According to the themes and the overall rendering, the presented stamps can
be dated to the 18th century, which was a time of the greatest popularity of such
sealers (one of the stamps even bears the year 1763 carved in it). The collection contains Jewish hallmark stamps (four), which comes as no surprise given the strong
Jewish community that once thrived in Mikulov. These Jewish stamps bear various
Hebrew texts and initials, lion symbols, Kohanim (priest) hands, or the symbol of
a merchant’s gauge. There are also multiple stamps referring to the wine‑making
profession (four), which repeat the symbol of a wine‑cutting knife and a grape. Two other stamps depict the Lamb of God, typically used on stamps by priests, specifically parish priests. Stamps were often used by various artisans and craftsmen: merchants, using the symbol of a gauge, butchers and tanners with the symbol of cattle, blacksmiths and millers with the symbol of mill wheel. Other stamps belonged to artisans or burghers using their personal symbols or popular floral ornaments. One of the stamps, probably of a military officer, has an arm with a sword on it.
All the stamps are also monogrammed. Thanks to them, and using written
documents, it could be possible in the future to link at least some of the stamps with
particular individuals.
https://www.digitalniknihovna.cz/mzk/view/uuid:b09655f0-dbb5-11ee-b923-005056827e51?page=uuid:1efcd8c9-1607-4558-a30b-9c2f1ef37141
Recently buttons from French army uniforms have been found during detector searches in the wider Mikulov region. The set presented here contains twelve buttons – ten of these are numbered (regiments 13, 17, 26, 43, 54, 57, 61, 92 and 108), one is an Imperial Guard button (with the Imperial Eagle) and one is a Revolutionary button (with the Victory Column). Their concentration in the area testifies to the movement of the French troops, both during the movements to the main battlefields at Slavkov and Znojmo and then during the movement of soldiers from the battlefields; it also illustrates the soldiers' stay in the Mikulov infirmary in 1805 and 1809.
Thesis Chapters by Zdeněk OMELKA
20 such villages were documented in the wider region of Hrušovansko. Detector prospecting was carried out at selected locations, which managed to collect more like 500 metal artifacts and a collection of ceramic material. All new findings are incorporated into the evaluation of the overall development of the settlement of the region from the 10th to the 17th century, landscape models of the Late Hillfort Period, High Medieval and Early Modern Periods were created. Based on new findings, it is then possible to predict other, yet unlocated, deserted villages.
Original version: https://theses.cz/id/dpx156/ Citation: OMELKA, Zdeněk. Zaniklé středověké vesnice na Hrušovansku. Olomouc, 2023. diplomová práce (Mgr.). UNIVERZITA PALACKÉHO V OLOMOUCI. Filozofická fakulta
Original version: https://theses.cz/id/x9i5xo/
Citation: OMELKA, Zdeněk. Zaniklé středověké osady v katastru obce Valtice. Olomouc, 2021. bakalářská práce (Bc.). UNIVERZITA PALACKÉHO V OLOMOUCI. Filozofická fakulta
Selected Minor Reports by Zdeněk OMELKA
The find comes from the area of the southeastern part of the Pohořelice suburb, in the "Bažantnice" area. Probably female sculpture depicts a figure in a long robe with a crown or ornament on her head. The figure holds her left arm bent at the side and is topped with a hole, probably used for riveting another piece. The right hand is damaged. From the formation of the back of the sculpture, it is evident that the lower part was hollow, whether it formed a closed tube or a semi-closed shape. Elemental analysis of the object, taken from depth, was carried out by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, it was found that the alloy is composed of multiple 99% copper and less than 1% lead. A small figurative sculpture with thin arms has been until now unknown in Moravia. The exclusion method and knowledge of contemporary we limit the find to the Hallstatt period. Unique analogues can be found south of our territory in Austria or Etruscan Italy.
archaeological institutions, there are many new finds from the Modern Era that have
been recently studied and described; these include also personal (artisanal) sealing
stamps. The article presents 18 sealing stamps found in the Mikulov district. They are
classical sealing (hallmark) stamps with holders (thirteen pieces), as well as signet
rings (five). Some of the said sealers were previously deposited in the collections of
the Regional Museum in Mikulov, others have been currently donated to the museum
by their finders, some have been loaned for documentation from private collections.
However, the presented hallmark stamps are most likely just a fraction of all the finds
collected across the district in the past few years.
According to the themes and the overall rendering, the presented stamps can
be dated to the 18th century, which was a time of the greatest popularity of such
sealers (one of the stamps even bears the year 1763 carved in it). The collection contains Jewish hallmark stamps (four), which comes as no surprise given the strong
Jewish community that once thrived in Mikulov. These Jewish stamps bear various
Hebrew texts and initials, lion symbols, Kohanim (priest) hands, or the symbol of
a merchant’s gauge. There are also multiple stamps referring to the wine‑making
profession (four), which repeat the symbol of a wine‑cutting knife and a grape. Two other stamps depict the Lamb of God, typically used on stamps by priests, specifically parish priests. Stamps were often used by various artisans and craftsmen: merchants, using the symbol of a gauge, butchers and tanners with the symbol of cattle, blacksmiths and millers with the symbol of mill wheel. Other stamps belonged to artisans or burghers using their personal symbols or popular floral ornaments. One of the stamps, probably of a military officer, has an arm with a sword on it.
All the stamps are also monogrammed. Thanks to them, and using written
documents, it could be possible in the future to link at least some of the stamps with
particular individuals.
https://www.digitalniknihovna.cz/mzk/view/uuid:b09655f0-dbb5-11ee-b923-005056827e51?page=uuid:1efcd8c9-1607-4558-a30b-9c2f1ef37141
Recently buttons from French army uniforms have been found during detector searches in the wider Mikulov region. The set presented here contains twelve buttons – ten of these are numbered (regiments 13, 17, 26, 43, 54, 57, 61, 92 and 108), one is an Imperial Guard button (with the Imperial Eagle) and one is a Revolutionary button (with the Victory Column). Their concentration in the area testifies to the movement of the French troops, both during the movements to the main battlefields at Slavkov and Znojmo and then during the movement of soldiers from the battlefields; it also illustrates the soldiers' stay in the Mikulov infirmary in 1805 and 1809.
20 such villages were documented in the wider region of Hrušovansko. Detector prospecting was carried out at selected locations, which managed to collect more like 500 metal artifacts and a collection of ceramic material. All new findings are incorporated into the evaluation of the overall development of the settlement of the region from the 10th to the 17th century, landscape models of the Late Hillfort Period, High Medieval and Early Modern Periods were created. Based on new findings, it is then possible to predict other, yet unlocated, deserted villages.
Original version: https://theses.cz/id/dpx156/ Citation: OMELKA, Zdeněk. Zaniklé středověké vesnice na Hrušovansku. Olomouc, 2023. diplomová práce (Mgr.). UNIVERZITA PALACKÉHO V OLOMOUCI. Filozofická fakulta
Original version: https://theses.cz/id/x9i5xo/
Citation: OMELKA, Zdeněk. Zaniklé středověké osady v katastru obce Valtice. Olomouc, 2021. bakalářská práce (Bc.). UNIVERZITA PALACKÉHO V OLOMOUCI. Filozofická fakulta
The find comes from the area of the southeastern part of the Pohořelice suburb, in the "Bažantnice" area. Probably female sculpture depicts a figure in a long robe with a crown or ornament on her head. The figure holds her left arm bent at the side and is topped with a hole, probably used for riveting another piece. The right hand is damaged. From the formation of the back of the sculpture, it is evident that the lower part was hollow, whether it formed a closed tube or a semi-closed shape. Elemental analysis of the object, taken from depth, was carried out by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, it was found that the alloy is composed of multiple 99% copper and less than 1% lead. A small figurative sculpture with thin arms has been until now unknown in Moravia. The exclusion method and knowledge of contemporary we limit the find to the Hallstatt period. Unique analogues can be found south of our territory in Austria or Etruscan Italy.