The development of large-scale solid-state fermentation (SSF) processes is hampered by the lack o... more The development of large-scale solid-state fermentation (SSF) processes is hampered by the lack of simple tools for the design of SSF bioreactors. The use of semifundamental mathematical models to design and operate SSF bioreactors can be complex. In this work, dimensionless design factors are used to predict the effects of scale and of operational variables on the performance of rotating drum bioreactors. The dimensionless design factor (DDF) is a ratio of the rate of heat generation to the rate of heat removal at the time of peak heat production. It can be used to predict maximum temperatures reached within the substrate bed for given operational variables. Alternatively, given the maximum temperature that can be tolerated during the fermentation, it can be used to explore the combinations of operating variables that prevent that temperature from being exceeded. Comparison of the predictions of the DDF approach with literature data for operation of rotating drums suggests that the DDF is a useful tool. The DDF approach was used to explore the consequences of three scale-up strategies on the required air flow rates and maximum temperatures achieved in the substrate bed as the bioreactor size was increased on the basis of geometric similarity. The first of these strategies was to maintain the superficial flow rate of the process air through the drum constant. The second was to maintain the ratio of volumes of air per volume of bioreactor constant. The third strategy was to adjust the air flow rate with increase in scale in such a manner as to maintain constant the maximum temperature attained in the substrate bed during the fermentation.
An Integrated Water Assessment Decision Support System (IWADSS) has been developed to aid governm... more An Integrated Water Assessment Decision Support System (IWADSS) has been developed to aid government decision makers who deal with activities that potentially affect the water quality and aquatic ecosystem health of coastal waters. The IWADSS was produced within the Cooperative Research Centre for Coastal Zone, Estuary and Waterway Management (Coastal CRC). It is underpinned by elicited expert knowledge on water quality monitoring and modelling approaches for particular management issues. The computer-based system was designed in a generic way to be applicable for various management issues, such as licensing discharges, across different waterbody types and spatial scales. The area of water quality modelling can be highly technical and modelling expertise can be scarce or perhaps limited to particular software or model types. Furthermore, communication between decision makers and modellers is often poor. Although water quality monitoring is better established than modelling, the emph...
Carbon dioxide complexation was undertaken into solid matrices of amorphous and crystalline α-cyc... more Carbon dioxide complexation was undertaken into solid matrices of amorphous and crystalline α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) powders, under various pressures (0.4-1.6 MPa) and time periods (4-96 h). The results show that the encapsulation capacity of crystalline α-CD was significantly lower than that of amorphous α-CD at low pressure and short time (0.4-0.8 MPa and 4-24 h), but was markedly enhanced with an increase of pressure and prolongation of encapsulation time. For each pressure level tested, the time required to reach a near equilibrium encapsulation capacity of the crystalline powder was around 48 h, which was much longer than that of the amorphous one, which only required about 8h. The inclusion complex formation of both types of α-CD powders was confirmed by the appearance of a CO2 peak on the FTIR and NMR spectra. Moreover, inclusion complexes were also characterized by DSC, TGA, SEM and X-ray analyses.
... Yinghe He Corresponding Author Contact Information , E-mail The Corresponding Author , a ,Ton... more ... Yinghe He Corresponding Author Contact Information , E-mail The Corresponding Author , a ,Tony Howes a ... related to the nature of the adsorbed layer formed by different classes of SAMs. ... to establish a direct relationship between the performance of a polymeric SAM and its ...
Advances in colloid and interface science, Jan 28, 2014
Some salts have been proven to inhibit bubble coalescence above a certain concentration called th... more Some salts have been proven to inhibit bubble coalescence above a certain concentration called the transition concentration. The transition concentration of salts has been investigated and determined by using different techniques. Different mechanisms have also been proposed to explain the stabilizing effect of salts on bubble coalescence. However, as yet there is no consensus on a mechanism which can explain the stabilizing effect of all inhibiting salts. This paper critically reviews the experimental techniques and mechanisms for the coalescence of bubbles in saline solutions. The transition concentrations of NaCl, as the most popularly used salt, determined by using different techniques such as bubble swarm, bubble pairs, and thin liquid film micro-interferometry were analyzed and compared. For a consistent comparison, the concept of TC95 was defined as a salt concentration at which the "percentage coalescence" of bubbles reduces by 95% relative to the highest (100% in ...
A thermally controlled sample cell was developed and attached to a texture analyser for the glass... more A thermally controlled sample cell was developed and attached to a texture analyser for the glass–rubber transition analysis of food powders. The glass–rubber transition temperature was determined from mechanical changes measured during a thermal compression test. A standard procedure for the thermal mechanical compression test (TMCT) has been established. The results obtained from the TMCT technique were validated against standard DSC and TMA methods using skim milk powder as a model food powders. This technique ...
The development of large-scale solid-state fermentation (SSF) processes is hampered by the lack o... more The development of large-scale solid-state fermentation (SSF) processes is hampered by the lack of simple tools for the design of SSF bioreactors. The use of semifundamental mathematical models to design and operate SSF bioreactors can be complex. In this work, dimensionless design factors are used to predict the effects of scale and of operational variables on the performance of rotating drum bioreactors. The dimensionless design factor (DDF) is a ratio of the rate of heat generation to the rate of heat removal at the time of peak heat production. It can be used to predict maximum temperatures reached within the substrate bed for given operational variables. Alternatively, given the maximum temperature that can be tolerated during the fermentation, it can be used to explore the combinations of operating variables that prevent that temperature from being exceeded. Comparison of the predictions of the DDF approach with literature data for operation of rotating drums suggests that the DDF is a useful tool. The DDF approach was used to explore the consequences of three scale-up strategies on the required air flow rates and maximum temperatures achieved in the substrate bed as the bioreactor size was increased on the basis of geometric similarity. The first of these strategies was to maintain the superficial flow rate of the process air through the drum constant. The second was to maintain the ratio of volumes of air per volume of bioreactor constant. The third strategy was to adjust the air flow rate with increase in scale in such a manner as to maintain constant the maximum temperature attained in the substrate bed during the fermentation.
An Integrated Water Assessment Decision Support System (IWADSS) has been developed to aid governm... more An Integrated Water Assessment Decision Support System (IWADSS) has been developed to aid government decision makers who deal with activities that potentially affect the water quality and aquatic ecosystem health of coastal waters. The IWADSS was produced within the Cooperative Research Centre for Coastal Zone, Estuary and Waterway Management (Coastal CRC). It is underpinned by elicited expert knowledge on water quality monitoring and modelling approaches for particular management issues. The computer-based system was designed in a generic way to be applicable for various management issues, such as licensing discharges, across different waterbody types and spatial scales. The area of water quality modelling can be highly technical and modelling expertise can be scarce or perhaps limited to particular software or model types. Furthermore, communication between decision makers and modellers is often poor. Although water quality monitoring is better established than modelling, the emph...
Carbon dioxide complexation was undertaken into solid matrices of amorphous and crystalline α-cyc... more Carbon dioxide complexation was undertaken into solid matrices of amorphous and crystalline α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) powders, under various pressures (0.4-1.6 MPa) and time periods (4-96 h). The results show that the encapsulation capacity of crystalline α-CD was significantly lower than that of amorphous α-CD at low pressure and short time (0.4-0.8 MPa and 4-24 h), but was markedly enhanced with an increase of pressure and prolongation of encapsulation time. For each pressure level tested, the time required to reach a near equilibrium encapsulation capacity of the crystalline powder was around 48 h, which was much longer than that of the amorphous one, which only required about 8h. The inclusion complex formation of both types of α-CD powders was confirmed by the appearance of a CO2 peak on the FTIR and NMR spectra. Moreover, inclusion complexes were also characterized by DSC, TGA, SEM and X-ray analyses.
... Yinghe He Corresponding Author Contact Information , E-mail The Corresponding Author , a ,Ton... more ... Yinghe He Corresponding Author Contact Information , E-mail The Corresponding Author , a ,Tony Howes a ... related to the nature of the adsorbed layer formed by different classes of SAMs. ... to establish a direct relationship between the performance of a polymeric SAM and its ...
Advances in colloid and interface science, Jan 28, 2014
Some salts have been proven to inhibit bubble coalescence above a certain concentration called th... more Some salts have been proven to inhibit bubble coalescence above a certain concentration called the transition concentration. The transition concentration of salts has been investigated and determined by using different techniques. Different mechanisms have also been proposed to explain the stabilizing effect of salts on bubble coalescence. However, as yet there is no consensus on a mechanism which can explain the stabilizing effect of all inhibiting salts. This paper critically reviews the experimental techniques and mechanisms for the coalescence of bubbles in saline solutions. The transition concentrations of NaCl, as the most popularly used salt, determined by using different techniques such as bubble swarm, bubble pairs, and thin liquid film micro-interferometry were analyzed and compared. For a consistent comparison, the concept of TC95 was defined as a salt concentration at which the "percentage coalescence" of bubbles reduces by 95% relative to the highest (100% in ...
A thermally controlled sample cell was developed and attached to a texture analyser for the glass... more A thermally controlled sample cell was developed and attached to a texture analyser for the glass–rubber transition analysis of food powders. The glass–rubber transition temperature was determined from mechanical changes measured during a thermal compression test. A standard procedure for the thermal mechanical compression test (TMCT) has been established. The results obtained from the TMCT technique were validated against standard DSC and TMA methods using skim milk powder as a model food powders. This technique ...
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