2015 IEEE/ACS 12th International Conference of Computer Systems and Applications (AICCSA), 2015
Recommending an optimized path for a large crowd poses a unique challenge to existing routing alg... more Recommending an optimized path for a large crowd poses a unique challenge to existing routing algorithms due to the interactions between users and the dynamic changes over road networks. Industries, researchers and end users show an enormous interest in crowdsourced data comprising social networks and user-generated content to remain updated with their concerns. In this paper, we present a data collection framework that helps users to find optimized routes in a dynamic environment. We have developed a data collection framework to collect dynamic road conditions via a set of location-based services to support a very large Hajj crowd by capturing their locations using smartphones. We also collect geotagged social network data that provides more details about road conditions. The system leverages geotagged crowdsourced information to identify constraints such as accidents, congestions, and roadblocks. Moreover, by continuously collecting real-time geotagged data of moving users, the system can also find the flow of traffic and road conditions. We propose a spatial grid index to compute the optimized path, and to identify the affected users within impact zones. The plan is to test the whole application and back-end server during Hajj 2016, where over three million pilgrims from all over the world gather to perform their rituals.
2020 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data), 2020
Massive gatherings require hosting authorities to plan and deploy extensive arrangements to facil... more Massive gatherings require hosting authorities to plan and deploy extensive arrangements to facilitate attendees while considering crowd safety the core objective. The task becomes more challenging when crowd is diverse in terms of language, culture, ethics and age-group. Hajj is an annual event where more than 2 million pilgrims from all over the world, gather in Makkah Al-Mukarramah to perform a series of spatio-temporal rituals. To plan and execute the event, the management needs to understand the behavior of both individuals and groups of pilgrims belonging to different nationalities. In this paper, we proposed a big data framework that collects mobile sensory data from all pilgrims by providing them location-based context-aware services through a mobile application. We utilize the collected data to study pedestrians’ flow rate, mobility patterns for individuals and groups and their behaviour and preferences during movement. The extracted information can be analyzed to propose solutions to crowd related challenges, including mobility schedules, crowd modelling and simulation and emergency evacuation plans.
As human-centered interactive technologies, serious games are getting popularity in a variety of ... more As human-centered interactive technologies, serious games are getting popularity in a variety of fields such as training simulations, health, national defense, and education. To build the best learning experience when designing a serious game, a system requires the integration of accurate spatio-temporal information. Also, there is an increasing need for intelligent medical technologies, which enable patients to live independently at home. This paper introduces a novel e-Health framework that leverages GIS-based serious games for people with disabilities. This framework consists of a spatio-temporal map-browsing environment augmented with our newly introduced multi-sensory natural user interface. We propose a comprehensive architecture that includes a sensory data manager, a storage layer, an information processing and computational intelligence layer, and a user interface layer. Detailed mathematical modeling as well as mapping methodology to convert different therapy-based hand-ge...
The 5th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for The Muslim World (ICT4M), 2014
ABSTRACT Capturing users' spatio-temporal context by recognizing their interests, locatio... more ABSTRACT Capturing users' spatio-temporal context by recognizing their interests, locations, history and activities, and thereafter providing context-aware services is a challenging task. In this paper, we propose a spatio-temporal zoning model that takes different context dimensions into account and try to recommend necessary services to users in a personalized way. First, we propose a generic zoning model with unrestricted set of contexts where both spatial and temporal dimensions are relaxed, followed by two semi-restricted zoning models in which either spatial or temporal dimension is relaxed, while the other one is restricted. Finally, we show the model requiring restricted spatio-temporal zoning that applies to the scenario where millions of users need to perform some activities that have to be performed in a certain location and at a certain temporal period. We use the above zoning model for Hajj and Umrah events to define pilgrim's spatio-temporal contexts by capturing their real-time and historic activities through their smartphones' sensory data. This allows to intelligently recommend a set of necessary services to the users. We present a few of the implementations introduced in our proposed system.
2014 IEEE/ACS 11th International Conference on Computer Systems and Applications (AICCSA), 2014
ABSTRACT We propose a context aware framework that offers a set of cloud-based services to suppor... more ABSTRACT We propose a context aware framework that offers a set of cloud-based services to support a very large Hajj and Umrah crowd by capturing their contexts using smartphones. The proposed framework captures the individual's context, provides a set of adapted services, and allows being in touch with a subset of one's community of interest. We leverage the spatio-temporal sensory data captured by our framework to define users' contexts for optimized services. Our proposed framework is also envisioned to assist the Hajj and Umrah authorities to (1) improve Hajj & Umrah documentation, (2) improve Hajj organization through better understanding of pilgrims' (individual and crowd) spatial and temporal behavior and needs, and (3) protect pilgrims' environment through environmental monitoring. In particular, the developed methods, techniques, and algorithms will support the pilgrimage quality of experience. We have tested our system through end-user subjects and due to apply for the upcoming Hajj events. We present our implementation details and the general impression of end users about our system.
2016 6th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for The Muslim World (ICT4M), 2016
With the growing complexity of today's software applications injunction with the increasing c... more With the growing complexity of today's software applications injunction with the increasing competitive pressure has pushed the quality assurance of developed software towards new heights. Software testing is an inevitable part of the Software Development Lifecycle, and keeping in line with its criticality in the pre and post development process makes it something that should be catered with enhanced and efficient methodologies and techniques. This paper aims to discuss the existing as well as improved testing techniques for the better quality assurance purposes.
Proceedings of the 23rd ACM international conference on Multimedia - MM '15, 2015
Aggregating interesting spatio-temporal events of daily life in a diary used to be favorite pasti... more Aggregating interesting spatio-temporal events of daily life in a diary used to be favorite pastime for many individuals. However, crescive use of social media through portable digital devices is replacing traditional diary writing. Thanks to ubiquity of smartphones, people can now add multiple media types in order to record joyful moments and events with a time line. In this paper, we propose a spatio-temporal multimedia authoring tool by leveraging the ubiquity of geo-tagged multimedia that represents activities of interest to the user and allowing users to aggregate the multimedia for generating a digital diary. The authoring tool allows users to aggregate one’s own spatial media with that of publicly available geo-tagged multimedia artifacts. The complex digital diary can then be saved into a big data repository for personal use as well as for sharing with a community of interest (COI). During the authoring process, the system allows a novel visualization technique of browsing clustered multiple points of interests (CMPOI) at a single GPS location, thereby exploring POIs in a multi-story building, shopping mall, etc. To facilitate efficient and user friendly discovery of CMPOIs, the authoring environment also supports spatio-temporal multimedia queries such as range and KNN (K nearest neighbor) queries from the big data environment. We plan to incorporate this multimedia authoring tool with our existing large scale multimedia supported crowdsourcing environment that is envisioned to support millions of pilgrims during the Hajj 2015 event.
Every organisation set some objectives to achieve success which is closely related with the quali... more Every organisation set some objectives to achieve success which is closely related with the quality assurance. Human behavior brought many challenges in variety of situations in an organisation which is sometimes untraceable phenomena. The real challenge is to control the collective human behavior at customer service department in an organisation which may pose a serious threat to the top management in terms of its defined objectives. Human behavioral activities can be monitored using Brahms Model Technique along with the Warning Alert Generation System which would maximize the efficiency and improve the system performance at customer service level. In this paper, we propose context aware security measure which would complement the system performance in terms of human error detection and rectification. Generating timely alerts using context aware security measure along with Brahms Model would improve the system performance.
The purpose of this article is to highlight and emphasize the applications of calculus is scale f... more The purpose of this article is to highlight and emphasize the applications of calculus is scale free-networks, which have been found as property of many complex networks. There are many different types of real an man made complex networks in various domain of life ranging from technological, social biological, transportation and ecological networks among many others. All these networks have shown many similar structural properties in their formation and functions. This article focuses on the most prevalence type of networks known as Scale-Free Networks (SFN). These types of networks have two basic properties: growth and preferential node attachment. In this paper, we analyze and discuss the importance and usage of calculus in understanding the formation of these types of networks, as inclusion of new nodes and links as they evolve. Further, as the calculus is the mathematical study of change therefore the applications of calculus in evolution process of complex networks with fitness model have been explained analytically based on fit-get-rich phenomenon in the complex networks as compared to simple BA model which is based, only on the consideration of number of nodes linkages in the network.
Customer service improvement is directly related with organizational standards and productivity. ... more Customer service improvement is directly related with organizational standards and productivity. Employees activities have certain objectives to be followed but sometimes outcomes are different than expected. Human error while performing regular job activities cause sufficient losses and difficult to address. Management faces real challenges while dealing with employee related issues and sometimes becomes unproductive. We propose Brahms Model with multi layered alert filtration and feedback cycle which would address the human error in the system and generate the filtered alerts in the form of sms or by emails. This is especially useful for Human-Computer Interfacing (HCI) Scenarios. Controlling human error and addressing real issues may protect any institution from severe damage and losses. Efficiency of a customer service department can be improved and maximized by multi-layered alert filtration system using Brahms Model.
Proceedings of the 23rd ACM international conference on Multimedia - MM '15, 2015
Aggregating interesting spatio-temporal events of daily life in a diary used to be favorite past... more Aggregating interesting spatio-temporal events of daily life in a diary used to be favorite pastime for many individuals. However, crescive use of social media through portable digital devices is replacing traditional diary writing. Thanks to ubiquity of smartphones, people can now add multiple media types in order to record joyful moments and events with a time line. In this paper, we propose a spatio-temporal multimedia authoring tool by leveraging the ubiquity of geo-tagged multimedia that represents activities of interest to the user and allowing users to aggregate the multimedia for generating a digital diary. The authoring tool allows users to aggregate one’s own spatial media with that of publicly available geo-tagged multimedia artifacts. The complex digital diary can then be saved into a big data repository for personal use as well as for sharing with a community of interest (COI). During the authoring process, the system allows a novel visualization technique of browsing clustered multiple points of interests (CMPOI) at a single GPS location, thereby exploring POIs in a multi-story building, shopping mall, etc. To facilitate efficient and user friendly discovery of CMPOIs, the authoring environment also supports spatio-temporal multimedia queries such as range and KNN (K nearest neighbor) queries from the big data environment. We plan to incorporate this multimedia authoring tool with our existing large scale multimedia supported crowdsourcing environment that is envisioned to support millions of pilgrims during the Hajj 2015 event.
Proceedings of the 23rd ACM international conference on Multimedia - MM '15, 2015
Logging on to a system using a conventional keyboard may not be feasible in certain environments,... more Logging on to a system using a conventional keyboard may not be feasible in certain environments, such as, in a surgical operation theatre or in an industrial manufacturing facility. We have developed a multi-sensory gesture based login system that allows a user to access secure information using body gestures. The system can be configured to use different types of gestures according to the type of sensors available to the user. We have proposed a simple scheme to represent all alphanumeric characters required for password entry as gestures within the multi-sensory environment. Our scheme is scalable enough to support sensors that detect a large number of gestures to those that can only accept a few. This allows the system to be used in a variety of situations such as usage by disabled persons with limited ability to perform gestures. We are in the midst of deploying our developed system in a clinical environment.
2015 IEEE/ACS 12th International Conference of Computer Systems and Applications (AICCSA), 2015
Recommending an optimized path for a large crowd poses a unique challenge to existing routing alg... more Recommending an optimized path for a large crowd poses a unique challenge to existing routing algorithms due to the interactions between users and the dynamic changes over road networks. Industries, researchers and end users show an enormous interest in crowdsourced data comprising social networks and user-generated content to remain updated with their concerns. In this paper, we present a data collection framework that helps users to find optimized routes in a dynamic environment. We have developed a data collection framework to collect dynamic road conditions via a set of location-based services to support a very large Hajj crowd by capturing their locations using smartphones. We also collect geotagged social network data that provides more details about road conditions. The system leverages geotagged crowdsourced information to identify constraints such as accidents, congestions, and roadblocks. Moreover, by continuously collecting real-time geotagged data of moving users, the system can also find the flow of traffic and road conditions. We propose a spatial grid index to compute the optimized path, and to identify the affected users within impact zones. The plan is to test the whole application and back-end server during Hajj 2016, where over three million pilgrims from all over the world gather to perform their rituals.
2020 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data), 2020
Massive gatherings require hosting authorities to plan and deploy extensive arrangements to facil... more Massive gatherings require hosting authorities to plan and deploy extensive arrangements to facilitate attendees while considering crowd safety the core objective. The task becomes more challenging when crowd is diverse in terms of language, culture, ethics and age-group. Hajj is an annual event where more than 2 million pilgrims from all over the world, gather in Makkah Al-Mukarramah to perform a series of spatio-temporal rituals. To plan and execute the event, the management needs to understand the behavior of both individuals and groups of pilgrims belonging to different nationalities. In this paper, we proposed a big data framework that collects mobile sensory data from all pilgrims by providing them location-based context-aware services through a mobile application. We utilize the collected data to study pedestrians’ flow rate, mobility patterns for individuals and groups and their behaviour and preferences during movement. The extracted information can be analyzed to propose solutions to crowd related challenges, including mobility schedules, crowd modelling and simulation and emergency evacuation plans.
As human-centered interactive technologies, serious games are getting popularity in a variety of ... more As human-centered interactive technologies, serious games are getting popularity in a variety of fields such as training simulations, health, national defense, and education. To build the best learning experience when designing a serious game, a system requires the integration of accurate spatio-temporal information. Also, there is an increasing need for intelligent medical technologies, which enable patients to live independently at home. This paper introduces a novel e-Health framework that leverages GIS-based serious games for people with disabilities. This framework consists of a spatio-temporal map-browsing environment augmented with our newly introduced multi-sensory natural user interface. We propose a comprehensive architecture that includes a sensory data manager, a storage layer, an information processing and computational intelligence layer, and a user interface layer. Detailed mathematical modeling as well as mapping methodology to convert different therapy-based hand-ge...
The 5th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for The Muslim World (ICT4M), 2014
ABSTRACT Capturing users' spatio-temporal context by recognizing their interests, locatio... more ABSTRACT Capturing users' spatio-temporal context by recognizing their interests, locations, history and activities, and thereafter providing context-aware services is a challenging task. In this paper, we propose a spatio-temporal zoning model that takes different context dimensions into account and try to recommend necessary services to users in a personalized way. First, we propose a generic zoning model with unrestricted set of contexts where both spatial and temporal dimensions are relaxed, followed by two semi-restricted zoning models in which either spatial or temporal dimension is relaxed, while the other one is restricted. Finally, we show the model requiring restricted spatio-temporal zoning that applies to the scenario where millions of users need to perform some activities that have to be performed in a certain location and at a certain temporal period. We use the above zoning model for Hajj and Umrah events to define pilgrim's spatio-temporal contexts by capturing their real-time and historic activities through their smartphones' sensory data. This allows to intelligently recommend a set of necessary services to the users. We present a few of the implementations introduced in our proposed system.
2014 IEEE/ACS 11th International Conference on Computer Systems and Applications (AICCSA), 2014
ABSTRACT We propose a context aware framework that offers a set of cloud-based services to suppor... more ABSTRACT We propose a context aware framework that offers a set of cloud-based services to support a very large Hajj and Umrah crowd by capturing their contexts using smartphones. The proposed framework captures the individual's context, provides a set of adapted services, and allows being in touch with a subset of one's community of interest. We leverage the spatio-temporal sensory data captured by our framework to define users' contexts for optimized services. Our proposed framework is also envisioned to assist the Hajj and Umrah authorities to (1) improve Hajj & Umrah documentation, (2) improve Hajj organization through better understanding of pilgrims' (individual and crowd) spatial and temporal behavior and needs, and (3) protect pilgrims' environment through environmental monitoring. In particular, the developed methods, techniques, and algorithms will support the pilgrimage quality of experience. We have tested our system through end-user subjects and due to apply for the upcoming Hajj events. We present our implementation details and the general impression of end users about our system.
2016 6th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for The Muslim World (ICT4M), 2016
With the growing complexity of today's software applications injunction with the increasing c... more With the growing complexity of today's software applications injunction with the increasing competitive pressure has pushed the quality assurance of developed software towards new heights. Software testing is an inevitable part of the Software Development Lifecycle, and keeping in line with its criticality in the pre and post development process makes it something that should be catered with enhanced and efficient methodologies and techniques. This paper aims to discuss the existing as well as improved testing techniques for the better quality assurance purposes.
Proceedings of the 23rd ACM international conference on Multimedia - MM '15, 2015
Aggregating interesting spatio-temporal events of daily life in a diary used to be favorite pasti... more Aggregating interesting spatio-temporal events of daily life in a diary used to be favorite pastime for many individuals. However, crescive use of social media through portable digital devices is replacing traditional diary writing. Thanks to ubiquity of smartphones, people can now add multiple media types in order to record joyful moments and events with a time line. In this paper, we propose a spatio-temporal multimedia authoring tool by leveraging the ubiquity of geo-tagged multimedia that represents activities of interest to the user and allowing users to aggregate the multimedia for generating a digital diary. The authoring tool allows users to aggregate one’s own spatial media with that of publicly available geo-tagged multimedia artifacts. The complex digital diary can then be saved into a big data repository for personal use as well as for sharing with a community of interest (COI). During the authoring process, the system allows a novel visualization technique of browsing clustered multiple points of interests (CMPOI) at a single GPS location, thereby exploring POIs in a multi-story building, shopping mall, etc. To facilitate efficient and user friendly discovery of CMPOIs, the authoring environment also supports spatio-temporal multimedia queries such as range and KNN (K nearest neighbor) queries from the big data environment. We plan to incorporate this multimedia authoring tool with our existing large scale multimedia supported crowdsourcing environment that is envisioned to support millions of pilgrims during the Hajj 2015 event.
Every organisation set some objectives to achieve success which is closely related with the quali... more Every organisation set some objectives to achieve success which is closely related with the quality assurance. Human behavior brought many challenges in variety of situations in an organisation which is sometimes untraceable phenomena. The real challenge is to control the collective human behavior at customer service department in an organisation which may pose a serious threat to the top management in terms of its defined objectives. Human behavioral activities can be monitored using Brahms Model Technique along with the Warning Alert Generation System which would maximize the efficiency and improve the system performance at customer service level. In this paper, we propose context aware security measure which would complement the system performance in terms of human error detection and rectification. Generating timely alerts using context aware security measure along with Brahms Model would improve the system performance.
The purpose of this article is to highlight and emphasize the applications of calculus is scale f... more The purpose of this article is to highlight and emphasize the applications of calculus is scale free-networks, which have been found as property of many complex networks. There are many different types of real an man made complex networks in various domain of life ranging from technological, social biological, transportation and ecological networks among many others. All these networks have shown many similar structural properties in their formation and functions. This article focuses on the most prevalence type of networks known as Scale-Free Networks (SFN). These types of networks have two basic properties: growth and preferential node attachment. In this paper, we analyze and discuss the importance and usage of calculus in understanding the formation of these types of networks, as inclusion of new nodes and links as they evolve. Further, as the calculus is the mathematical study of change therefore the applications of calculus in evolution process of complex networks with fitness model have been explained analytically based on fit-get-rich phenomenon in the complex networks as compared to simple BA model which is based, only on the consideration of number of nodes linkages in the network.
Customer service improvement is directly related with organizational standards and productivity. ... more Customer service improvement is directly related with organizational standards and productivity. Employees activities have certain objectives to be followed but sometimes outcomes are different than expected. Human error while performing regular job activities cause sufficient losses and difficult to address. Management faces real challenges while dealing with employee related issues and sometimes becomes unproductive. We propose Brahms Model with multi layered alert filtration and feedback cycle which would address the human error in the system and generate the filtered alerts in the form of sms or by emails. This is especially useful for Human-Computer Interfacing (HCI) Scenarios. Controlling human error and addressing real issues may protect any institution from severe damage and losses. Efficiency of a customer service department can be improved and maximized by multi-layered alert filtration system using Brahms Model.
Proceedings of the 23rd ACM international conference on Multimedia - MM '15, 2015
Aggregating interesting spatio-temporal events of daily life in a diary used to be favorite past... more Aggregating interesting spatio-temporal events of daily life in a diary used to be favorite pastime for many individuals. However, crescive use of social media through portable digital devices is replacing traditional diary writing. Thanks to ubiquity of smartphones, people can now add multiple media types in order to record joyful moments and events with a time line. In this paper, we propose a spatio-temporal multimedia authoring tool by leveraging the ubiquity of geo-tagged multimedia that represents activities of interest to the user and allowing users to aggregate the multimedia for generating a digital diary. The authoring tool allows users to aggregate one’s own spatial media with that of publicly available geo-tagged multimedia artifacts. The complex digital diary can then be saved into a big data repository for personal use as well as for sharing with a community of interest (COI). During the authoring process, the system allows a novel visualization technique of browsing clustered multiple points of interests (CMPOI) at a single GPS location, thereby exploring POIs in a multi-story building, shopping mall, etc. To facilitate efficient and user friendly discovery of CMPOIs, the authoring environment also supports spatio-temporal multimedia queries such as range and KNN (K nearest neighbor) queries from the big data environment. We plan to incorporate this multimedia authoring tool with our existing large scale multimedia supported crowdsourcing environment that is envisioned to support millions of pilgrims during the Hajj 2015 event.
Proceedings of the 23rd ACM international conference on Multimedia - MM '15, 2015
Logging on to a system using a conventional keyboard may not be feasible in certain environments,... more Logging on to a system using a conventional keyboard may not be feasible in certain environments, such as, in a surgical operation theatre or in an industrial manufacturing facility. We have developed a multi-sensory gesture based login system that allows a user to access secure information using body gestures. The system can be configured to use different types of gestures according to the type of sensors available to the user. We have proposed a simple scheme to represent all alphanumeric characters required for password entry as gestures within the multi-sensory environment. Our scheme is scalable enough to support sensors that detect a large number of gestures to those that can only accept a few. This allows the system to be used in a variety of situations such as usage by disabled persons with limited ability to perform gestures. We are in the midst of deploying our developed system in a clinical environment.
With the growing complexity of today's software applications injunction with the increasing compe... more With the growing complexity of today's software applications injunction with the increasing competitive pressure has pushed the quality assurance of developed software towards new heights. Software testing is an inevitable part of the Software Development Lifecycle, and keeping in line with its criticality in the pre and post development process makes it something that should be catered with enhanced and efficient methodologies and techniques. This paper aims to discuss the existing as well as improved testing techniques for the better quality assurance purposes.
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Papers by Akhlaq Ahmad
smartphones, people can now add multiple media types in order to record joyful moments and events with a time line. In this paper, we propose a spatio-temporal multimedia authoring tool by leveraging the ubiquity of geo-tagged multimedia that represents activities of interest to the user and allowing users to aggregate the multimedia for generating a digital diary. The authoring tool allows users to aggregate one’s own spatial media with that of publicly available geo-tagged multimedia artifacts. The complex digital diary can then be saved into a big data repository for personal use as well as for sharing with a community of interest
(COI). During the authoring process, the system allows a novel visualization technique of browsing clustered multiple points of interests (CMPOI) at a single GPS location, thereby exploring POIs in a multi-story building, shopping mall, etc. To facilitate efficient and user friendly discovery of CMPOIs, the authoring environment also supports spatio-temporal multimedia queries such as range and KNN (K nearest neighbor) queries from the big data environment. We plan to incorporate this multimedia authoring tool with our existing large scale multimedia supported
crowdsourcing environment that is envisioned to support millions of pilgrims during the Hajj 2015 event.
limited ability to perform gestures. We are in the midst of deploying our developed system in a clinical environment.
smartphones, people can now add multiple media types in order to record joyful moments and events with a time line. In this paper, we propose a spatio-temporal multimedia authoring tool by leveraging the ubiquity of geo-tagged multimedia that represents activities of interest to the user and allowing users to aggregate the multimedia for generating a digital diary. The authoring tool allows users to aggregate one’s own spatial media with that of publicly available geo-tagged multimedia artifacts. The complex digital diary can then be saved into a big data repository for personal use as well as for sharing with a community of interest
(COI). During the authoring process, the system allows a novel visualization technique of browsing clustered multiple points of interests (CMPOI) at a single GPS location, thereby exploring POIs in a multi-story building, shopping mall, etc. To facilitate efficient and user friendly discovery of CMPOIs, the authoring environment also supports spatio-temporal multimedia queries such as range and KNN (K nearest neighbor) queries from the big data environment. We plan to incorporate this multimedia authoring tool with our existing large scale multimedia supported
crowdsourcing environment that is envisioned to support millions of pilgrims during the Hajj 2015 event.
limited ability to perform gestures. We are in the midst of deploying our developed system in a clinical environment.