This paper describes the work done by the authors at the Pennsylvania State University in collabo... more This paper describes the work done by the authors at the Pennsylvania State University in collaboration with NASA for the purpose of detecting obstacles in the flight path of the aircraft. This work is useful for the design of a Synthetic Vision System (SVS) to aid pilots in navigation, obstacle detection, and mid-air collision avoidance. The system for runway and obstacle detection using Passive Milli-Meter Wave (PMMW) images is first described.
Abstract Document image analysis refers to algorithms and techniques that are applied to images o... more Abstract Document image analysis refers to algorithms and techniques that are applied to images of documents to obtain a computer-readable description from pixel data. A well-known document image analysis product is the Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software that recognizes characters in a scanned document. OCR makes it possible for the user to edit or search the document's contents. In this paper we briefly describe various components of a document analysis system.
In the late 1980's, the prevalence of fast computers, large computer memory, and inexpensive scan... more In the late 1980's, the prevalence of fast computers, large computer memory, and inexpensive scanners fostered an increasing interest in document image analysis. With many paper documents being sent and received via fax machines and being stored digitally in large document databases, the interest grew to do more with these images than simply view and print them.
The need for content-based access to image and video information from media archives has captured... more The need for content-based access to image and video information from media archives has captured the attention of researchers in recent years. Research efforts have led to the development of methods that provide access to image and video data. These methods have their roots in pattern recognition. The methods are used to determine the similarity in the visual information content extracted from low level features. These features are then clustered for generation of database indices.
A new method for extraction and temporal segmentation of multiple motion trajectories in human mo... more A new method for extraction and temporal segmentation of multiple motion trajectories in human motion is presented. The proposed method extracts motion trajectories generated by body parts without any initialization or any assumption on color distribution. Motion trajectories are very compact and representative features for activity recognition.
Abstract. The need for empirical evaluation metrics and algorithms is well acknowledged in the fi... more Abstract. The need for empirical evaluation metrics and algorithms is well acknowledged in the field of computer vision. The process leads to precise insights to understanding current technological capabilities and also helps in measuring progress. Hence designing good and meaningful performance measures is very critical. In this paper, we propose two comprehensive measures, one each for detection and tracking, for video domains where an object bounding approach to ground truthing can be followed.
Abstract The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), along with members of the airc... more Abstract The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), along with members of the aircraft industry, recently developed technologies for a new supersonic aircraft. One of the technological areas considered for this aircraft is the use of video cameras and image processing equipment to aid the pilot in detecting other aircraft in the sky.
Abstract We investigate methods to infer the best affine transformation based face recognition al... more Abstract We investigate methods to infer the best affine transformation based face recognition algorithm; which operates by projecting given images to a low-dimensional space, followed by distance computations. This category includes the following well known methods for recognition: the Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), and Independent Component Analysis (ICA).
ABSTRACT Wires can be hardly visible and thus present a serious hazard to rotorcrafts flying at l... more ABSTRACT Wires can be hardly visible and thus present a serious hazard to rotorcrafts flying at low altitudes. Vision systems capable of detecting wires in time to avoid collisions must be able to find in the input images curves less than one or two pixels wide. This paper describes a study on the performance of wire detection using a sub-pixel edge detector algorithm proposed by Steger. This algorithm was tested on a set of images synthetically generated by combining real outdoor images with computer generated wire graphics.
Abstract Despite advances in the archiving of digital video, we are still unable to efficiently s... more Abstract Despite advances in the archiving of digital video, we are still unable to efficiently search and retrieve the portions that interest us. Video indexing by shot segmentation has been a proposed solution and several research efforts are seen in the literature. Shot segmentation alone cannot solve the problem of content based access to video. Recognition of text in video has been proposed as an additional feature.
Deployable polarimetric imaging systems often use 2× 2 arrays of linear polarizers at the pixel l... more Deployable polarimetric imaging systems often use 2× 2 arrays of linear polarizers at the pixel level to measure the polarimetric signature. This architecture is referred to as a micro-grid polarizer array (MPA). MPAs are either bonded to or fabricated directly upon focal plane arrays. A key challenge to obtaining polarimetric measurements of sub-pixel targets using MPAs is registering the signals from each of the independent channels.
This paper considers the effect of using different probe and gallery sensors on the performance o... more This paper considers the effect of using different probe and gallery sensors on the performance of 3D face recognition. We report results of recognition experiments using face scans of 120 different persons, taken with two different commercial scanners, each at two different times. Our matching algorithm is a version of ICP, which is a popular approach to 3D face recognition. We find substantial differences in recognition rate between the sensors considered in part due to the different types of imaging artifacts produced.
The evolution of Pilot-Vehicle-Interface (PVI) of a fighter aircraft is a complex task. The PVI d... more The evolution of Pilot-Vehicle-Interface (PVI) of a fighter aircraft is a complex task. The PVI design involves both static and dynamic issues. Static issues involve the study of reach of controls and switches, ejection path clearance, readability of indicators and display symbols, etc. Dynamic issues involve the study of the effect of aircraft motion on display symbols, pilot emergency handling, situation awareness, weapon aiming, etc.
Abstract Common benchmark data sets, standardized performance metrics, and baseline algorithms ha... more Abstract Common benchmark data sets, standardized performance metrics, and baseline algorithms have demonstrated considerable impact on research and development in a variety of application domains. These resources provide both consumers and developers of technology with a common framework to objectively compare the performance of different algorithms and algorithmic improvements.
Abstract–A comprehensive system is being developed to transform scientific research papers into a... more Abstract–A comprehensive system is being developed to transform scientific research papers into a knowledge base. An intelligent Scientist's Assistant is also being developed to allow a scientist to navigate through the knowledge base. Starting from paper documents, both text and graphics are captured and analyzed. We describe the entire system and then focus on the analysis of diagrams such as data graphs. Model-based image processing discovers graphical objects such as lines, polygons and text.
Abstract The High Speed Civil Transport (HSCT) supersonic commercial aircraft under development b... more Abstract The High Speed Civil Transport (HSCT) supersonic commercial aircraft under development by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and its partners is expected to include an eXternal Visibility System (XVS) to aid the pilot's limited view through their cockpit windows. XVS obtains video images using high resolution digital cameras mounted on the aircraft and directed outside the aircraft.
1 ABSTRACT As a first step to creating a video database, a video sequence has to be segmented int... more 1 ABSTRACT As a first step to creating a video database, a video sequence has to be segmented into several subsequences based on significant changes in the scene. This enables the media user to identify the whole or a part of the sequence and to retrieve scenes of interest from a large video database. Researchers in the past have used a histogram based inter-frame difference approach to identify significant scene changes.
Abstract We propose a method for activity recognition based on multiple motion trajectories. Moti... more Abstract We propose a method for activity recognition based on multiple motion trajectories. Motion trajectories generated from body parts (hand, feet, and joints) are used as features. We not only recognize each activity but also temporally locate the start and end point of its duration. Input sequences are divided into separate temporal segments based on the number of detected trajectories. Segments with same number of trajectories are temporally segmented using the HMM model for each movement (activity).
Machine vision, also known as computer vision, is the scientific discipline whereby explicit, mea... more Machine vision, also known as computer vision, is the scientific discipline whereby explicit, meaningful descriptions of physical objects from the world around us are constructed from their images. Machine vision produces measurements or abstractions from geometrical properties and comprises techniques for estimating features in images, relating feature measurements to the geometry of objects in space, and interpreting this geometric information. This overall task is generally termed image understanding.
This paper describes the work done by the authors at the Pennsylvania State University in collabo... more This paper describes the work done by the authors at the Pennsylvania State University in collaboration with NASA for the purpose of detecting obstacles in the flight path of the aircraft. This work is useful for the design of a Synthetic Vision System (SVS) to aid pilots in navigation, obstacle detection, and mid-air collision avoidance. The system for runway and obstacle detection using Passive Milli-Meter Wave (PMMW) images is first described.
Abstract Document image analysis refers to algorithms and techniques that are applied to images o... more Abstract Document image analysis refers to algorithms and techniques that are applied to images of documents to obtain a computer-readable description from pixel data. A well-known document image analysis product is the Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software that recognizes characters in a scanned document. OCR makes it possible for the user to edit or search the document's contents. In this paper we briefly describe various components of a document analysis system.
In the late 1980's, the prevalence of fast computers, large computer memory, and inexpensive scan... more In the late 1980's, the prevalence of fast computers, large computer memory, and inexpensive scanners fostered an increasing interest in document image analysis. With many paper documents being sent and received via fax machines and being stored digitally in large document databases, the interest grew to do more with these images than simply view and print them.
The need for content-based access to image and video information from media archives has captured... more The need for content-based access to image and video information from media archives has captured the attention of researchers in recent years. Research efforts have led to the development of methods that provide access to image and video data. These methods have their roots in pattern recognition. The methods are used to determine the similarity in the visual information content extracted from low level features. These features are then clustered for generation of database indices.
A new method for extraction and temporal segmentation of multiple motion trajectories in human mo... more A new method for extraction and temporal segmentation of multiple motion trajectories in human motion is presented. The proposed method extracts motion trajectories generated by body parts without any initialization or any assumption on color distribution. Motion trajectories are very compact and representative features for activity recognition.
Abstract. The need for empirical evaluation metrics and algorithms is well acknowledged in the fi... more Abstract. The need for empirical evaluation metrics and algorithms is well acknowledged in the field of computer vision. The process leads to precise insights to understanding current technological capabilities and also helps in measuring progress. Hence designing good and meaningful performance measures is very critical. In this paper, we propose two comprehensive measures, one each for detection and tracking, for video domains where an object bounding approach to ground truthing can be followed.
Abstract The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), along with members of the airc... more Abstract The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), along with members of the aircraft industry, recently developed technologies for a new supersonic aircraft. One of the technological areas considered for this aircraft is the use of video cameras and image processing equipment to aid the pilot in detecting other aircraft in the sky.
Abstract We investigate methods to infer the best affine transformation based face recognition al... more Abstract We investigate methods to infer the best affine transformation based face recognition algorithm; which operates by projecting given images to a low-dimensional space, followed by distance computations. This category includes the following well known methods for recognition: the Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), and Independent Component Analysis (ICA).
ABSTRACT Wires can be hardly visible and thus present a serious hazard to rotorcrafts flying at l... more ABSTRACT Wires can be hardly visible and thus present a serious hazard to rotorcrafts flying at low altitudes. Vision systems capable of detecting wires in time to avoid collisions must be able to find in the input images curves less than one or two pixels wide. This paper describes a study on the performance of wire detection using a sub-pixel edge detector algorithm proposed by Steger. This algorithm was tested on a set of images synthetically generated by combining real outdoor images with computer generated wire graphics.
Abstract Despite advances in the archiving of digital video, we are still unable to efficiently s... more Abstract Despite advances in the archiving of digital video, we are still unable to efficiently search and retrieve the portions that interest us. Video indexing by shot segmentation has been a proposed solution and several research efforts are seen in the literature. Shot segmentation alone cannot solve the problem of content based access to video. Recognition of text in video has been proposed as an additional feature.
Deployable polarimetric imaging systems often use 2× 2 arrays of linear polarizers at the pixel l... more Deployable polarimetric imaging systems often use 2× 2 arrays of linear polarizers at the pixel level to measure the polarimetric signature. This architecture is referred to as a micro-grid polarizer array (MPA). MPAs are either bonded to or fabricated directly upon focal plane arrays. A key challenge to obtaining polarimetric measurements of sub-pixel targets using MPAs is registering the signals from each of the independent channels.
This paper considers the effect of using different probe and gallery sensors on the performance o... more This paper considers the effect of using different probe and gallery sensors on the performance of 3D face recognition. We report results of recognition experiments using face scans of 120 different persons, taken with two different commercial scanners, each at two different times. Our matching algorithm is a version of ICP, which is a popular approach to 3D face recognition. We find substantial differences in recognition rate between the sensors considered in part due to the different types of imaging artifacts produced.
The evolution of Pilot-Vehicle-Interface (PVI) of a fighter aircraft is a complex task. The PVI d... more The evolution of Pilot-Vehicle-Interface (PVI) of a fighter aircraft is a complex task. The PVI design involves both static and dynamic issues. Static issues involve the study of reach of controls and switches, ejection path clearance, readability of indicators and display symbols, etc. Dynamic issues involve the study of the effect of aircraft motion on display symbols, pilot emergency handling, situation awareness, weapon aiming, etc.
Abstract Common benchmark data sets, standardized performance metrics, and baseline algorithms ha... more Abstract Common benchmark data sets, standardized performance metrics, and baseline algorithms have demonstrated considerable impact on research and development in a variety of application domains. These resources provide both consumers and developers of technology with a common framework to objectively compare the performance of different algorithms and algorithmic improvements.
Abstract–A comprehensive system is being developed to transform scientific research papers into a... more Abstract–A comprehensive system is being developed to transform scientific research papers into a knowledge base. An intelligent Scientist's Assistant is also being developed to allow a scientist to navigate through the knowledge base. Starting from paper documents, both text and graphics are captured and analyzed. We describe the entire system and then focus on the analysis of diagrams such as data graphs. Model-based image processing discovers graphical objects such as lines, polygons and text.
Abstract The High Speed Civil Transport (HSCT) supersonic commercial aircraft under development b... more Abstract The High Speed Civil Transport (HSCT) supersonic commercial aircraft under development by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and its partners is expected to include an eXternal Visibility System (XVS) to aid the pilot's limited view through their cockpit windows. XVS obtains video images using high resolution digital cameras mounted on the aircraft and directed outside the aircraft.
1 ABSTRACT As a first step to creating a video database, a video sequence has to be segmented int... more 1 ABSTRACT As a first step to creating a video database, a video sequence has to be segmented into several subsequences based on significant changes in the scene. This enables the media user to identify the whole or a part of the sequence and to retrieve scenes of interest from a large video database. Researchers in the past have used a histogram based inter-frame difference approach to identify significant scene changes.
Abstract We propose a method for activity recognition based on multiple motion trajectories. Moti... more Abstract We propose a method for activity recognition based on multiple motion trajectories. Motion trajectories generated from body parts (hand, feet, and joints) are used as features. We not only recognize each activity but also temporally locate the start and end point of its duration. Input sequences are divided into separate temporal segments based on the number of detected trajectories. Segments with same number of trajectories are temporally segmented using the HMM model for each movement (activity).
Machine vision, also known as computer vision, is the scientific discipline whereby explicit, mea... more Machine vision, also known as computer vision, is the scientific discipline whereby explicit, meaningful descriptions of physical objects from the world around us are constructed from their images. Machine vision produces measurements or abstractions from geometrical properties and comprises techniques for estimating features in images, relating feature measurements to the geometry of objects in space, and interpreting this geometric information. This overall task is generally termed image understanding.
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Papers by Rangachar Kasturi