... Nama : Muhammad Rizal ... sederhana ini pada lbunda Sitti Halidjah dan Ayahanda Muhammad Amin... more ... Nama : Muhammad Rizal ... sederhana ini pada lbunda Sitti Halidjah dan Ayahanda Muhammad Amin serta kakak-... 44 6. A. Epididimis domba setetah dipisahkan dan testis, caput (a), corpus (b), cauda (c), dan vas deferens (d). B. Penyimpanan epididimis di dalam lernan es ...
ABSTRACT This paper presents a new routing scheme that adapts to the requirements of heterogeneou... more ABSTRACT This paper presents a new routing scheme that adapts to the requirements of heterogeneous traffic. The proposed scheme introduces further improvements to our developed ExtTeGAR algorithm. The aim of the scheme is to achieve low latency and to satisfy multiple quality of service (QoS) in various network conditions. In doing so, the proposed approach exploits multiple nodes' attributes such as energy, distance to the base station (BS), history of hop delay of data to neighbors and probability of link availability to determine the best node for delivering different traffic requirements. The contribution of the scheme is its ability to differentiate the required data-related to each type of traffic and give different priorities to different data categories so that each type of traffic classification ensures to meet the demands of the application requirements. The proposed scheme uses a distance-based and a location-aware approach to create a shortest path for type of packets with given deadlines and it provides adaptability to increase the transmission range to expand the neighborhood sizes for data delivery continuation. The paper shows that the proposed scheme outperforms an existing QoS routing algorithm (SPEED) in various application scenarios and different network sizes.
Upaya konservasi kerbau belang dari ancaman kepunahan terus dilakukan dengan penerapan teknologi ... more Upaya konservasi kerbau belang dari ancaman kepunahan terus dilakukan dengan penerapan teknologi inseminasi buatan. Guna menghindari pertentangan dengan adat istiadat masyarakat Toraja sebagai habitat asli kerbau belang, maka penelitian ini ...
Mechanical extraction is commonly used to extract oils from vegetable seeds and a single screw ex... more Mechanical extraction is commonly used to extract oils from vegetable seeds and a single screw extruder has been successfully reported to separate oil and cake from Jatropha curcas seeds. In this study, a single screw extruder was designed and analyzed using Finite Element Method (FEM) and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Three different geometrical dimensions of screw extruder were designed and analyzed using FEM and CFD with software ANSYS POLYFLOW to study simulation of the flow and the behavior of Jatropha dough through of a single screw extruder. In a preliminary study, this study focused to simulate the velocity profile and local shear rate indie section with a power law model. The result obtained revealed that three important are as in designing a single screw extruder were gap area (clearance) in the range of 0.5-1.0 mm, chamber area (normal pitch) in the range 17-22 mm and root area.
This study presents a review of the state-of-the-art in sensor technologies and its application i... more This study presents a review of the state-of-the-art in sensor technologies and its application in milling process to measure machining signal for Tool Condition Monitoring (TCM) systems. Machining signals such as cutting force, torque, vibration, acoustic emission, current/power, sound and temperature from milling operation are briefly reviewed with the goal of indentifying the parameters for TCM. Sensors reviewed include both commercial and research devices that can measure machining signals. In this study describes trends in the sensor systems used and its potential for future research.
This study presents a new method for detecting the cutting tool wear based on the measured cuttin... more This study presents a new method for detecting the cutting tool wear based on the measured cutting force signals. A statistical‐based method called Integrated Kurtosis‐based Algorithm for Z‐Filter technique, called I‐kaz was used for developing a regression model and 3D graphic presentation of I‐kaz 3D coefficient during machining process. The machining tests were carried out using a CNC turning machine Colchester Master Tornado T4 in dry cutting condition. A Kistler 9255B dynamometer was used to measure the cutting force signals, which were transmitted, analyzed, and displayed in the DasyLab software. Various force signals from machining operation were analyzed, and each has its own I‐kaz 3D coefficient. This coefficient was examined and its relationship with flank wear lands (VB) was determined. A regression model was developed due to this relationship, and results of the regression model shows that the I‐kaz 3D coefficient value decreases as tool wear increases. The result then i...
This study presents a new method for detecting the cutting tool wear based on the measured cuttin... more This study presents a new method for detecting the cutting tool wear based on the measured cutting force signals using the regression model and I-kaz method. The detection of tool wear was done automatically using the in-house developed regression model and 3D graphic presentation of I-kaz 3D coefficient during machining process. The machining tests were carried out on a CNC turning machine Colchester Master Tornado T4 in dry cutting condition, and Kistler 9255B dynamometer was used to measure the cutting force signals, which then stored and displayed in the DasyLab software. The progression of the cutting tool flank wear land (VB) was indicated by the amount of the cutting force generated. Later, the I-kaz was used to analyze all the cutting force signals from beginning of the cut until the rejection stage of the cutting tool. Results of the IKaz analysis were represented by various characteristic of I-kaz 3D coefficient and 3D graphic presentation. The I-kaz 3D coefficient number ...
In a machining process, detecting tool wear before failure is an important step towards avoiding ... more In a machining process, detecting tool wear before failure is an important step towards avoiding unscheduled machine downtime. Tool wear occurs during the machining process, due to an interaction between the edge of the cutting tool and the work piece. Particular attention should be given to the progression of tool wear, because it causes breakages of the cutting tool, and consequently affects the work piece’s accuracy and production time. Furthermore, high quality machined parts is required, in order to fulfil current demands. This paper proposes several architectures of single and multi-layer back propagation neural network methods, to predict tool wear progression within the end milling process of Inconel 718. The end milling process was carried out in a cryogenic environment, with cutting parameters of cutting speed, Vc (140 - 170 mm/min), feed rate, Fz (0.05 - 0.1 mm/tooth), axial depth of cut, ap (0.3 - 0.5 mm), and radial depth of cut, ae (0.2 - 1mm). A coated carbide end bal...
ABSTRACT Turning process is widely used in the production of components for automotive and aerosp... more ABSTRACT Turning process is widely used in the production of components for automotive and aerospace applications. The machinability of a work material is commonly assessed in terms of cutting tool life, surface finish, and cutting force. These responses are dependent on machining parameters such as cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut. In this study, the relationships between cutting force, cutting speed, and sensor location in the turning process were investigated. Strain gauge was chosen as the sensor for the detection of cutting force signal during turning of hardened plain carbon steel JIS S45C. Two strain gauges were mounted on a tool holder at a defined location of I, II, or III at a distance of 37, 42, or 47 mm, respectively, from the cutting point. Only one set of machining experiments was conducted at spindle speed = 1000 rpm, feed = 0.25 mm/rev, and depth of cut = 0.80 mm. The turning process was stopped and the insert was discarded when average flank wear reached 0.30 mm. The main cutting force and the feed force for each cycle measured by the strain gauges at location I, II, and III were collected and analyzed. Results show that when cutting speed was increased, the main cutting force and the feed force were decreased accordingly. The change of was inversely proportional to the change of cutting speed, but the did not decrease continuously and behaved contrarily. A strain gauge placed at a distance of approximately 43 mm from the cutting point was found to be the best and most suitable for sensing accurate force signals.
... Nama : Muhammad Rizal ... sederhana ini pada lbunda Sitti Halidjah dan Ayahanda Muhammad Amin... more ... Nama : Muhammad Rizal ... sederhana ini pada lbunda Sitti Halidjah dan Ayahanda Muhammad Amin serta kakak-... 44 6. A. Epididimis domba setetah dipisahkan dan testis, caput (a), corpus (b), cauda (c), dan vas deferens (d). B. Penyimpanan epididimis di dalam lernan es ...
ABSTRACT This paper presents a new routing scheme that adapts to the requirements of heterogeneou... more ABSTRACT This paper presents a new routing scheme that adapts to the requirements of heterogeneous traffic. The proposed scheme introduces further improvements to our developed ExtTeGAR algorithm. The aim of the scheme is to achieve low latency and to satisfy multiple quality of service (QoS) in various network conditions. In doing so, the proposed approach exploits multiple nodes' attributes such as energy, distance to the base station (BS), history of hop delay of data to neighbors and probability of link availability to determine the best node for delivering different traffic requirements. The contribution of the scheme is its ability to differentiate the required data-related to each type of traffic and give different priorities to different data categories so that each type of traffic classification ensures to meet the demands of the application requirements. The proposed scheme uses a distance-based and a location-aware approach to create a shortest path for type of packets with given deadlines and it provides adaptability to increase the transmission range to expand the neighborhood sizes for data delivery continuation. The paper shows that the proposed scheme outperforms an existing QoS routing algorithm (SPEED) in various application scenarios and different network sizes.
Upaya konservasi kerbau belang dari ancaman kepunahan terus dilakukan dengan penerapan teknologi ... more Upaya konservasi kerbau belang dari ancaman kepunahan terus dilakukan dengan penerapan teknologi inseminasi buatan. Guna menghindari pertentangan dengan adat istiadat masyarakat Toraja sebagai habitat asli kerbau belang, maka penelitian ini ...
Mechanical extraction is commonly used to extract oils from vegetable seeds and a single screw ex... more Mechanical extraction is commonly used to extract oils from vegetable seeds and a single screw extruder has been successfully reported to separate oil and cake from Jatropha curcas seeds. In this study, a single screw extruder was designed and analyzed using Finite Element Method (FEM) and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Three different geometrical dimensions of screw extruder were designed and analyzed using FEM and CFD with software ANSYS POLYFLOW to study simulation of the flow and the behavior of Jatropha dough through of a single screw extruder. In a preliminary study, this study focused to simulate the velocity profile and local shear rate indie section with a power law model. The result obtained revealed that three important are as in designing a single screw extruder were gap area (clearance) in the range of 0.5-1.0 mm, chamber area (normal pitch) in the range 17-22 mm and root area.
This study presents a review of the state-of-the-art in sensor technologies and its application i... more This study presents a review of the state-of-the-art in sensor technologies and its application in milling process to measure machining signal for Tool Condition Monitoring (TCM) systems. Machining signals such as cutting force, torque, vibration, acoustic emission, current/power, sound and temperature from milling operation are briefly reviewed with the goal of indentifying the parameters for TCM. Sensors reviewed include both commercial and research devices that can measure machining signals. In this study describes trends in the sensor systems used and its potential for future research.
This study presents a new method for detecting the cutting tool wear based on the measured cuttin... more This study presents a new method for detecting the cutting tool wear based on the measured cutting force signals. A statistical‐based method called Integrated Kurtosis‐based Algorithm for Z‐Filter technique, called I‐kaz was used for developing a regression model and 3D graphic presentation of I‐kaz 3D coefficient during machining process. The machining tests were carried out using a CNC turning machine Colchester Master Tornado T4 in dry cutting condition. A Kistler 9255B dynamometer was used to measure the cutting force signals, which were transmitted, analyzed, and displayed in the DasyLab software. Various force signals from machining operation were analyzed, and each has its own I‐kaz 3D coefficient. This coefficient was examined and its relationship with flank wear lands (VB) was determined. A regression model was developed due to this relationship, and results of the regression model shows that the I‐kaz 3D coefficient value decreases as tool wear increases. The result then i...
This study presents a new method for detecting the cutting tool wear based on the measured cuttin... more This study presents a new method for detecting the cutting tool wear based on the measured cutting force signals using the regression model and I-kaz method. The detection of tool wear was done automatically using the in-house developed regression model and 3D graphic presentation of I-kaz 3D coefficient during machining process. The machining tests were carried out on a CNC turning machine Colchester Master Tornado T4 in dry cutting condition, and Kistler 9255B dynamometer was used to measure the cutting force signals, which then stored and displayed in the DasyLab software. The progression of the cutting tool flank wear land (VB) was indicated by the amount of the cutting force generated. Later, the I-kaz was used to analyze all the cutting force signals from beginning of the cut until the rejection stage of the cutting tool. Results of the IKaz analysis were represented by various characteristic of I-kaz 3D coefficient and 3D graphic presentation. The I-kaz 3D coefficient number ...
In a machining process, detecting tool wear before failure is an important step towards avoiding ... more In a machining process, detecting tool wear before failure is an important step towards avoiding unscheduled machine downtime. Tool wear occurs during the machining process, due to an interaction between the edge of the cutting tool and the work piece. Particular attention should be given to the progression of tool wear, because it causes breakages of the cutting tool, and consequently affects the work piece’s accuracy and production time. Furthermore, high quality machined parts is required, in order to fulfil current demands. This paper proposes several architectures of single and multi-layer back propagation neural network methods, to predict tool wear progression within the end milling process of Inconel 718. The end milling process was carried out in a cryogenic environment, with cutting parameters of cutting speed, Vc (140 - 170 mm/min), feed rate, Fz (0.05 - 0.1 mm/tooth), axial depth of cut, ap (0.3 - 0.5 mm), and radial depth of cut, ae (0.2 - 1mm). A coated carbide end bal...
ABSTRACT Turning process is widely used in the production of components for automotive and aerosp... more ABSTRACT Turning process is widely used in the production of components for automotive and aerospace applications. The machinability of a work material is commonly assessed in terms of cutting tool life, surface finish, and cutting force. These responses are dependent on machining parameters such as cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut. In this study, the relationships between cutting force, cutting speed, and sensor location in the turning process were investigated. Strain gauge was chosen as the sensor for the detection of cutting force signal during turning of hardened plain carbon steel JIS S45C. Two strain gauges were mounted on a tool holder at a defined location of I, II, or III at a distance of 37, 42, or 47 mm, respectively, from the cutting point. Only one set of machining experiments was conducted at spindle speed = 1000 rpm, feed = 0.25 mm/rev, and depth of cut = 0.80 mm. The turning process was stopped and the insert was discarded when average flank wear reached 0.30 mm. The main cutting force and the feed force for each cycle measured by the strain gauges at location I, II, and III were collected and analyzed. Results show that when cutting speed was increased, the main cutting force and the feed force were decreased accordingly. The change of was inversely proportional to the change of cutting speed, but the did not decrease continuously and behaved contrarily. A strain gauge placed at a distance of approximately 43 mm from the cutting point was found to be the best and most suitable for sensing accurate force signals.
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