Dr. Amean Al-Safi is a faculty member at Electrical Engineering Department, University of Thi-Qar, Iraq. He received his B.Sc and M.Sc degrees from university of Mosul(Iraq), in 2003 and 2005 respectively, and a PhD degree from Western Michigan University in 2017, Kalamazoo, Mi, USA. His research interests include signal processing for communication, real time implementation of communication systems, adaptive signal processing, and parallel computing .
The use of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) for implementing different types of Pulse Width... more The use of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) for implementing different types of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) controllers has increased steadily in the last few years. They become dominant tools for implementing different types of PWM due to the flexibility they provide compared to other Digital Signal Processors (DSPs). Different PWMs have been implemented for single and three phase circuits such as Digital PWM (DPWM), Sinusoidal PWM (SPWM), Space Vector (SVPWM), carrier phase shifted SPWM (CPS-SPWM), Third Harmonic Injection Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (THISPWM) using FPGA boards. This paper presents a systematic review for the implemented PWM controllers based on FPGA. It describes in detail their types, architectures, and intended applications they used for. It also addresses the main contributions, advantages, and disadvantages of different research paper in this area. Current limitations and future development have been drawn based on highlighting the implemented and unimplemented PWM based on FPGA.
Contact tracing plays a crucial role in identifying exposed individuals at high risk of infection... more Contact tracing plays a crucial role in identifying exposed individuals at high risk of infection during disease outbreaks. In this paper, we propose a fuzzy logic-based contact tracing model for predicting high-risk exposed individuals in disease outbreaks. The model utilizes various input parameters, including distance, overlap time, visiting time lag, incubation time, and facility size, to assess the risk of infection. Through the application of fuzzy logic, the model enables the modeling of complex relationships and uncertainties associated with these input parameters. We evaluated the model using simulated data, demonstrating its effectiveness in identifying individuals at different levels of risk. The evaluation includes partial input evaluation, and comprehensive inputs assessment to assess the impact of each parameter on the risk of infection. The results highlight the importance of considering multiple factors in contact tracing and provide insights into the key parameters ...
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
This paper presents the performance of controlling the active and reactive power of single-phase ... more This paper presents the performance of controlling the active and reactive power of single-phase grid connected inverter by dq synchronous reference frame and space vector modulation (SVM) which is implemented by using field programmable gate array (FPGA) due to the flexibility they offer in comparison to other digital signal processors, hence it become the standard instruments for implementing various types of pulse width modulation (PWM) digital signal processors (DSPs). The SVM method has used because of its superiority in terms of harmonic distortion, switching losses and utilization of direct current (DC) bus. The synchronization is achieved by using second order generalized integrator (SOGI) due to its simple structure, certain filtering ability and frequency adaptability, in which the phase locked loop (PLL) ensures high performance for single-phase inverter. The active and reactive inverter current has been controlled and decoupled from each other and the dynamic response ha...
2021 IEEE 11th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC)
Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) have become dominant tools for implementing different type... more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) have become dominant tools for implementing different types of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) due to the flexibility they provide compared to other DSPs. Different PWM types have been implemented such as Sinusoidal PWM (SPWM), Space Vector (SVPWM), carrier phase shifted SPWM (CPS-SPWM) using different FPGA boards. In this paper, we designed and implemented a new circuit of a Modified Sinusoidal PWM (MSPWM) on FPGA. The circuit was described in VHDL and implemented on ZYNQ-7000 FPGA board. Before the implementation, the design was simulated using MATLAB Simulink where the MSPWM was used to control a single-phase DC to AC inverter to study the performance in terms of Total Harmonics Distortion (THD) reduction compared to SPWM. Two reference sinusoidal signals with 180-degree phase shift were generated using 8-bit accumulator and 64 values Look Up Table (LUT) based on Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS) technique. They were compared with triangular carrier signal which has a one-third zero values at a specific interval of its period to produce four PWM signals. The resource utilization table indicates that only 9% of the LUT, 0.2% of the FF (flip flop), and 6.25% of the buffers have been used for implementing the MSPWM.
2016 IEEE Western New York Image and Signal Processing Workshop (WNYISPW), 2016
This paper presents a novel method to reduce the Total Harmonics Distortion (THD) using adaptive ... more This paper presents a novel method to reduce the Total Harmonics Distortion (THD) using adaptive filters. Least Mean Square (LMS) and Normalized Lest Mean Square (NLMS) were used as adaptation algorithms. Both of these algorithms gave a very good performance in terms of distortion reduction. Instead of focusing on specific harmonics as in other methods of adaptive filtering, this method targets all the harmonics contained in the signal for elimination. A single phase inverter was used as a study case to test the performance of the proposed technique. The obtained results showed that the presented method can decrease the total harmonics distortion dramatically over time.
Implementation Results References Community radio is the third model of radio broadcasting beside... more Implementation Results References Community radio is the third model of radio broadcasting besides the commercial and public systems. It aims to provide individuals with local news and information that are important to a small community. This poster presented a new method of implementing community radio using low cost hardware and free software. The transmitter system consists of PC, USRP, and antenna while the receiver side consists of Raspberry Pi, RTL–SDR, and antenna. The main goal is to define and demonstrate a low cost, flexible transmitter consisting of the USRP N210 and commodity PC and a receiver consisting of a Raspberry Pi computer and USB
Community radio is the third model of radio broadcasting besides the commercial and public system... more Community radio is the third model of radio broadcasting besides the commercial and public systems. It aims to provide individuals with local news and information that are important to a small community. This paper presents a new software defined radio approach to implementing community radio using Raspberry Pi, GNURadio, USB RTL – SDR sticks, and Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP). The main goal is to define and demonstrate a low cost, flexible transmitter and receiver using cost effective devices such as Raspberry PI computer, RTL-SDR dongle and USRP.
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2021
Electrocardiogram (ECG) is considered as the main signal that can be used to diagnose different k... more Electrocardiogram (ECG) is considered as the main signal that can be used to diagnose different kinds of diseases related to human heart. During the recording process, it is usually contaminated with different kinds of noise which includes power-line interference, baseline wandering and muscle contraction. In order to clean the ECG signal, several noise removal techniques have been used such as adaptive filters, empirical mode decomposition, Hilbert-Huang transform, wavelet-based algorithm, discrete wavelet transforms, modulus maxima of wavelet transform, patch based method, and many more. Unfortunately, all the presented methods cannot be used for online processing since it takes long time to clean the ECG signal. The current research presents a unique method for ECG denoising using a novel approach of adaptive filters. The suggested method was tested by using a simulated signal using MATLAB software under different scenarios. Instead of using a reference signal for ECG signal deno...
2017 IEEE 7th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC), 2017
This paper presents new methods of implementing different kinds of Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) a... more This paper presents new methods of implementing different kinds of Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) and Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) signal modulators using Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The implemented ASK modulators are On-Off Keying (OOK), Binary ASK (BASK), and 4ASK while the implemented QAM modulators are 4QAM and 16QAM. The targeted board for implementation was a ZYBO board which has a Zynq-7000 FPGA. One of the main tasks in implementing any digital transmitter including ASK is the generation of the sine wave carrier. In order to do that, a 24-bit phase accumulator and Look Up Table (LUT) has been used based on Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS) technique. After getting the carrier generated, the ASK modulated signal is nothing more than the carrier signal itself at different amplitudes. For the implementation of QAM modulators, two sinusoidal carriers are needed. To get the two carriers with 90-degree phase shifts, two 24-bit accumulators working on the rising and falling edge of the main system clock were used. These two carriers were used as inputs to the multiplexer circuit which used the binary information data as a selector. Based on the incoming data, different combinations of the carriers are generated. The resultant combinations represent the QAM modulated signal. The implementation of the entire systems was done in Very high speed integrated circuit Hardware Description Language (VHDL) without the help of Xilinx System Generator or DSP Builder Tools. The implemented systems were downloaded onto the ZYBO board in order to evaluate the utilization of available resources. Low utilizations were achieved in all implemented examples.
2016 IEEE 7th Annual Ubiquitous Computing, Electronics & Mobile Communication Conference (UEMCON), 2016
The continuous development of software defined radio peripheral devices and software tools enable... more The continuous development of software defined radio peripheral devices and software tools enable a wide range of potential applications, selected to either augment or even replace commercial communication equipment. These devices and software can be used to implement a variety of communication standards and systems. This paper presented a novel prototype software defined radio system using GNURadio, Universal Software Radio Peripherals (USRP), and Compute Unified Device Array (CUDA) along with detailed explanation on the current limitations and future opportunities. The goal of this paper is to provide a fast and easy to build communication access point using cost-effective and commercial off-the-shelf components to be used after the catastrophic infrastructure failure following earthquakes and tornadoes. The polyphase channelizer part was implemented on two Graphic Processing Units (GPU) systems. The parallel implemented models give a speed up factor of more than ten times faster the sequential ones.
2016 IEEE 7th Annual Ubiquitous Computing, Electronics & Mobile Communication Conference (UEMCON), 2016
Implementation of digital modulators on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a research area t... more Implementation of digital modulators on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a research area that has received great attention recently. Most of the research has focused on the implementation of simple digital modulators on FPGAs such as Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK), Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), and Phase Shift Keying (PSK). This paper presented a novel method of implementing Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) along with Binary PSK (BPSK) using accumulators with a reverse addressing technique. The implementation of the BPSK modulator required two sinusoidal signals with 180-degree phase shift. The first signal was obtained using Look Up Table(LUT) based on Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS) technique. The second signal was obtained by using the same LUT but after inverting the most significant bit of the accumulator to get the out of phase signal. For the QPSK modulator, four sinusoidal waves were needed. Using only one LUT, these waves were obtained. The first two wave were generated by using two accumulators working on the rising edge and the falling edge of a perfect twice frequency square wave clock which results in a 90-degree phase shift. The other waves were obtained from the same accumulators after reversing the most significant bit in each one. The implementation of the entire systems was done in the Very high speed integrated circuit Hardware Description Language (VHDL) without the help of Xilinx System Generator or DSP Builder tools as many papers did.
2020 11th IEEE Annual Information Technology, Electronics and Mobile Communication Conference (IEMCON)
The use of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) for implementing different types of Pulse Width... more The use of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) for implementing different types of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) controllers has increased steadily in the last few years. They become dominant tools for implementing different types of PWM due to the flexibility they provide compared to other Digital Signal Processors (DSPs). Different PWMs have been implemented for single and three phase circuits such as Digital PWM (DPWM), Sinusoidal PWM (SPWM), Space Vector (SVPWM), carrier phase shifted SPWM (CPS-SPWM), Third Harmonic Injection Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (THISPWM) using FPGA boards. This paper presents a systematic review for the implemented PWM controllers based on FPGA. It describes in detail their types, architectures, and intended applications they used for. It also addresses the main contributions, advantages, and disadvantages of different research paper in this area. Current limitations and future development have been drawn based on highlighting the implemented and unimplemented PWM based on FPGA.
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), 2021
Electrocardiogram (ECG) is considered as the main signal that can be used to diagnose different k... more Electrocardiogram (ECG) is considered as the main signal that can be used to diagnose different kinds of diseases related to human heart. During the recording process, it is usually contaminated with different kinds of noise which includes power-line interference, baseline wandering and muscle contraction. In order to clean the ECG signal, several noise removal techniques have been used such as adaptive filters, empirical mode decomposition, Hilbert-Huang transform, wavelet-based algorithm, discrete wavelet transforms, modulus maxima of wavelet transform, patch based method, and many more. Unfortunately, all the presented methods cannot be used for online processing since it takes long time to clean the ECG signal. The current research presents a unique method for ECG denoising using a novel approach of adaptive filters. The suggested method was tested by using a simulated signal using MATLAB software under different scenarios. Instead of using a reference signal for ECG signal denoising, the presented model uses a unite delay and the primary ECG signal itself. Least mean square (LMS), normalized least mean square (NLMS), and Leaky LMS were used as adaptation algorithms in this paper. Keywords: Adaptive filters ECG ECG signal denoising Leaky LMS LMS NLMS This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license.
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), 2021
Electro Cardio Gram (ECG) is considered as the main signal that can be used to diagnose different... more Electro Cardio Gram (ECG) is considered as the main signal that can be used to diagnose different kinds of diseases related to human heart. During the recording process, it is usually contaminated with different kinds of noise which includes Power-Line Interference, Baseline Wandering and Muscle Contraction. In order to clean the ECG signal, several noise removal techniques have been used such as adaptive filters, empirical mode decomposition, Hilbert-Huang transform, Wavelet-Based algorithm, Discrete Wavelet Transforms, Modulus Maxima of Wavelet Transform, Patch Based Method, and many more. Unfortunately, all the presented methods cannot be used for online processing since it takes long time to clean the ECG signal. The current research presents a unique method for ECG denoising using a novel approach of adaptive filters. The suggested method was tested by using a simulated signal using MATLAB software under different scenarios. Instead of using a reference signal for ECG signal denoising, the presented model uses a unite delay and the primary ECG signal itself. LMS (Least Mean Square), NLMS (Normalized Least Mean Square), and Leaky LMS were used as adaptation algorithms in this paper.
The use of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) for implementing different types of Pulse Width... more The use of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) for implementing different types of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) controllers has increased steadily in the last few years. They become dominant tools for implementing different types of PWM due to the flexibility they provide compared to other Digital Signal Processors (DSPs). Different types of PWM have been implemented for single and three phase circuits such as Digital PWM (DPWM), Sinusoidal PWM (SPWM), Space Vector (SVPWM), carrier phase shifted SPWM (CPS-SPWM), Third Harmonic Injection Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (THISPWM) using different FPGA boards. This paper presents a systematic review for the implemented PWM controllers based on FPGA. It describes in detail their types, architectures, and intended application they used for. It also addresses the main contributions, advantages, and disadvantages of different research paper in this area. Current limitations and future development have been drawn based on highlighting the implemented and unimplemented PWM based on FPGA.
FPGA-Based Implementation of MSPWM Utilizing 64-Value LUT for Reference Signal Generation, 2021
Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) have become dominant tools for implementing different type... more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) have become dominant tools for implementing different types of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) due to the flexibility they provide compared to other DSPs. Different PWM types have been implemented such as Sinusoidal PWM (SPWM), Space Vector (SVPWM), carrier phase shifted SPWM (CPS-SPWM) using different FPGA boards. In this paper, we designed and implemented a new circuit of a Modified Sinusoidal PWM (MSPWM) on FPGA. The circuit was described in VHDL and implemented on ZYNQ-7000 FPGA board. Before the implementation, the design was simulated using MATLAB Simulink where the MSPWM was used to control a single-phase DC to AC inverter to study the performance in terms of Total Harmonics Distortion (THD) reduction compared to SPWM. Two reference sinusoidal signals with 180-degrees phase shift were generated using 8-bit accumulator and 64 values Look Up Table (LUT) based on Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS) technique. They were compared with triangular carrier signal which has a one-third zero values at a specific interval of its period to produce four PWM signals. The resource utilization table indicates that only 9% of the LUT, 0.2% of the FF (flip flop), and 6.25% of the buffers have been used for implementing the MSPWM.
Total harmonics distortion (THD) is one of the main problems in power systems due to its effects ... more Total harmonics distortion (THD) is one of the main problems in power systems due to its effects in generating undesirable issues in power quality. These effects include heating (in transformers, capacitors, motors, and generators), disoperation of electronic equipment, incorrect readings on meters, disoperation of protective relays, and communication interference. Besides these problems, harmonics affect the power quality in both transmission and distribution systems. Different techniques have been used to mitigate the effects of harmonics. These techniques include; passive filters, active power filter, artificial intelligent, and adaptive selective harmonics reductions. Each method has some advantages and disadvantages. This paper presented new models of total harmonics distortion reduction using adaptive, Weiner, and Kalman filters. In order to test the performance of the presented methods, the output current of a single phase inverter circuit was used as a study case. The new models reduced the total harmonics distortion from by more than 50% however Kalman filters give the best performance as compared to adaptive and Weiner filters.
The use of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) for implementing different types of Pulse Width... more The use of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) for implementing different types of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) controllers has increased steadily in the last few years. They become dominant tools for implementing different types of PWM due to the flexibility they provide compared to other Digital Signal Processors (DSPs). Different PWMs have been implemented for single and three phase circuits such as Digital PWM (DPWM), Sinusoidal PWM (SPWM), Space Vector (SVPWM), carrier phase shifted SPWM (CPS-SPWM), Third Harmonic Injection Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (THISPWM) using FPGA boards. This paper presents a systematic review for the implemented PWM controllers based on FPGA. It describes in detail their types, architectures, and intended applications they used for. It also addresses the main contributions, advantages, and disadvantages of different research paper in this area. Current limitations and future development have been drawn based on highlighting the implemented and unimplemented PWM based on FPGA.
Contact tracing plays a crucial role in identifying exposed individuals at high risk of infection... more Contact tracing plays a crucial role in identifying exposed individuals at high risk of infection during disease outbreaks. In this paper, we propose a fuzzy logic-based contact tracing model for predicting high-risk exposed individuals in disease outbreaks. The model utilizes various input parameters, including distance, overlap time, visiting time lag, incubation time, and facility size, to assess the risk of infection. Through the application of fuzzy logic, the model enables the modeling of complex relationships and uncertainties associated with these input parameters. We evaluated the model using simulated data, demonstrating its effectiveness in identifying individuals at different levels of risk. The evaluation includes partial input evaluation, and comprehensive inputs assessment to assess the impact of each parameter on the risk of infection. The results highlight the importance of considering multiple factors in contact tracing and provide insights into the key parameters ...
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
This paper presents the performance of controlling the active and reactive power of single-phase ... more This paper presents the performance of controlling the active and reactive power of single-phase grid connected inverter by dq synchronous reference frame and space vector modulation (SVM) which is implemented by using field programmable gate array (FPGA) due to the flexibility they offer in comparison to other digital signal processors, hence it become the standard instruments for implementing various types of pulse width modulation (PWM) digital signal processors (DSPs). The SVM method has used because of its superiority in terms of harmonic distortion, switching losses and utilization of direct current (DC) bus. The synchronization is achieved by using second order generalized integrator (SOGI) due to its simple structure, certain filtering ability and frequency adaptability, in which the phase locked loop (PLL) ensures high performance for single-phase inverter. The active and reactive inverter current has been controlled and decoupled from each other and the dynamic response ha...
2021 IEEE 11th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC)
Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) have become dominant tools for implementing different type... more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) have become dominant tools for implementing different types of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) due to the flexibility they provide compared to other DSPs. Different PWM types have been implemented such as Sinusoidal PWM (SPWM), Space Vector (SVPWM), carrier phase shifted SPWM (CPS-SPWM) using different FPGA boards. In this paper, we designed and implemented a new circuit of a Modified Sinusoidal PWM (MSPWM) on FPGA. The circuit was described in VHDL and implemented on ZYNQ-7000 FPGA board. Before the implementation, the design was simulated using MATLAB Simulink where the MSPWM was used to control a single-phase DC to AC inverter to study the performance in terms of Total Harmonics Distortion (THD) reduction compared to SPWM. Two reference sinusoidal signals with 180-degree phase shift were generated using 8-bit accumulator and 64 values Look Up Table (LUT) based on Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS) technique. They were compared with triangular carrier signal which has a one-third zero values at a specific interval of its period to produce four PWM signals. The resource utilization table indicates that only 9% of the LUT, 0.2% of the FF (flip flop), and 6.25% of the buffers have been used for implementing the MSPWM.
2016 IEEE Western New York Image and Signal Processing Workshop (WNYISPW), 2016
This paper presents a novel method to reduce the Total Harmonics Distortion (THD) using adaptive ... more This paper presents a novel method to reduce the Total Harmonics Distortion (THD) using adaptive filters. Least Mean Square (LMS) and Normalized Lest Mean Square (NLMS) were used as adaptation algorithms. Both of these algorithms gave a very good performance in terms of distortion reduction. Instead of focusing on specific harmonics as in other methods of adaptive filtering, this method targets all the harmonics contained in the signal for elimination. A single phase inverter was used as a study case to test the performance of the proposed technique. The obtained results showed that the presented method can decrease the total harmonics distortion dramatically over time.
Implementation Results References Community radio is the third model of radio broadcasting beside... more Implementation Results References Community radio is the third model of radio broadcasting besides the commercial and public systems. It aims to provide individuals with local news and information that are important to a small community. This poster presented a new method of implementing community radio using low cost hardware and free software. The transmitter system consists of PC, USRP, and antenna while the receiver side consists of Raspberry Pi, RTL–SDR, and antenna. The main goal is to define and demonstrate a low cost, flexible transmitter consisting of the USRP N210 and commodity PC and a receiver consisting of a Raspberry Pi computer and USB
Community radio is the third model of radio broadcasting besides the commercial and public system... more Community radio is the third model of radio broadcasting besides the commercial and public systems. It aims to provide individuals with local news and information that are important to a small community. This paper presents a new software defined radio approach to implementing community radio using Raspberry Pi, GNURadio, USB RTL – SDR sticks, and Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP). The main goal is to define and demonstrate a low cost, flexible transmitter and receiver using cost effective devices such as Raspberry PI computer, RTL-SDR dongle and USRP.
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2021
Electrocardiogram (ECG) is considered as the main signal that can be used to diagnose different k... more Electrocardiogram (ECG) is considered as the main signal that can be used to diagnose different kinds of diseases related to human heart. During the recording process, it is usually contaminated with different kinds of noise which includes power-line interference, baseline wandering and muscle contraction. In order to clean the ECG signal, several noise removal techniques have been used such as adaptive filters, empirical mode decomposition, Hilbert-Huang transform, wavelet-based algorithm, discrete wavelet transforms, modulus maxima of wavelet transform, patch based method, and many more. Unfortunately, all the presented methods cannot be used for online processing since it takes long time to clean the ECG signal. The current research presents a unique method for ECG denoising using a novel approach of adaptive filters. The suggested method was tested by using a simulated signal using MATLAB software under different scenarios. Instead of using a reference signal for ECG signal deno...
2017 IEEE 7th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC), 2017
This paper presents new methods of implementing different kinds of Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) a... more This paper presents new methods of implementing different kinds of Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) and Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) signal modulators using Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The implemented ASK modulators are On-Off Keying (OOK), Binary ASK (BASK), and 4ASK while the implemented QAM modulators are 4QAM and 16QAM. The targeted board for implementation was a ZYBO board which has a Zynq-7000 FPGA. One of the main tasks in implementing any digital transmitter including ASK is the generation of the sine wave carrier. In order to do that, a 24-bit phase accumulator and Look Up Table (LUT) has been used based on Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS) technique. After getting the carrier generated, the ASK modulated signal is nothing more than the carrier signal itself at different amplitudes. For the implementation of QAM modulators, two sinusoidal carriers are needed. To get the two carriers with 90-degree phase shifts, two 24-bit accumulators working on the rising and falling edge of the main system clock were used. These two carriers were used as inputs to the multiplexer circuit which used the binary information data as a selector. Based on the incoming data, different combinations of the carriers are generated. The resultant combinations represent the QAM modulated signal. The implementation of the entire systems was done in Very high speed integrated circuit Hardware Description Language (VHDL) without the help of Xilinx System Generator or DSP Builder Tools. The implemented systems were downloaded onto the ZYBO board in order to evaluate the utilization of available resources. Low utilizations were achieved in all implemented examples.
2016 IEEE 7th Annual Ubiquitous Computing, Electronics & Mobile Communication Conference (UEMCON), 2016
The continuous development of software defined radio peripheral devices and software tools enable... more The continuous development of software defined radio peripheral devices and software tools enable a wide range of potential applications, selected to either augment or even replace commercial communication equipment. These devices and software can be used to implement a variety of communication standards and systems. This paper presented a novel prototype software defined radio system using GNURadio, Universal Software Radio Peripherals (USRP), and Compute Unified Device Array (CUDA) along with detailed explanation on the current limitations and future opportunities. The goal of this paper is to provide a fast and easy to build communication access point using cost-effective and commercial off-the-shelf components to be used after the catastrophic infrastructure failure following earthquakes and tornadoes. The polyphase channelizer part was implemented on two Graphic Processing Units (GPU) systems. The parallel implemented models give a speed up factor of more than ten times faster the sequential ones.
2016 IEEE 7th Annual Ubiquitous Computing, Electronics & Mobile Communication Conference (UEMCON), 2016
Implementation of digital modulators on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a research area t... more Implementation of digital modulators on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a research area that has received great attention recently. Most of the research has focused on the implementation of simple digital modulators on FPGAs such as Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK), Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), and Phase Shift Keying (PSK). This paper presented a novel method of implementing Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) along with Binary PSK (BPSK) using accumulators with a reverse addressing technique. The implementation of the BPSK modulator required two sinusoidal signals with 180-degree phase shift. The first signal was obtained using Look Up Table(LUT) based on Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS) technique. The second signal was obtained by using the same LUT but after inverting the most significant bit of the accumulator to get the out of phase signal. For the QPSK modulator, four sinusoidal waves were needed. Using only one LUT, these waves were obtained. The first two wave were generated by using two accumulators working on the rising edge and the falling edge of a perfect twice frequency square wave clock which results in a 90-degree phase shift. The other waves were obtained from the same accumulators after reversing the most significant bit in each one. The implementation of the entire systems was done in the Very high speed integrated circuit Hardware Description Language (VHDL) without the help of Xilinx System Generator or DSP Builder tools as many papers did.
2020 11th IEEE Annual Information Technology, Electronics and Mobile Communication Conference (IEMCON)
The use of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) for implementing different types of Pulse Width... more The use of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) for implementing different types of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) controllers has increased steadily in the last few years. They become dominant tools for implementing different types of PWM due to the flexibility they provide compared to other Digital Signal Processors (DSPs). Different PWMs have been implemented for single and three phase circuits such as Digital PWM (DPWM), Sinusoidal PWM (SPWM), Space Vector (SVPWM), carrier phase shifted SPWM (CPS-SPWM), Third Harmonic Injection Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (THISPWM) using FPGA boards. This paper presents a systematic review for the implemented PWM controllers based on FPGA. It describes in detail their types, architectures, and intended applications they used for. It also addresses the main contributions, advantages, and disadvantages of different research paper in this area. Current limitations and future development have been drawn based on highlighting the implemented and unimplemented PWM based on FPGA.
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), 2021
Electrocardiogram (ECG) is considered as the main signal that can be used to diagnose different k... more Electrocardiogram (ECG) is considered as the main signal that can be used to diagnose different kinds of diseases related to human heart. During the recording process, it is usually contaminated with different kinds of noise which includes power-line interference, baseline wandering and muscle contraction. In order to clean the ECG signal, several noise removal techniques have been used such as adaptive filters, empirical mode decomposition, Hilbert-Huang transform, wavelet-based algorithm, discrete wavelet transforms, modulus maxima of wavelet transform, patch based method, and many more. Unfortunately, all the presented methods cannot be used for online processing since it takes long time to clean the ECG signal. The current research presents a unique method for ECG denoising using a novel approach of adaptive filters. The suggested method was tested by using a simulated signal using MATLAB software under different scenarios. Instead of using a reference signal for ECG signal denoising, the presented model uses a unite delay and the primary ECG signal itself. Least mean square (LMS), normalized least mean square (NLMS), and Leaky LMS were used as adaptation algorithms in this paper. Keywords: Adaptive filters ECG ECG signal denoising Leaky LMS LMS NLMS This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license.
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), 2021
Electro Cardio Gram (ECG) is considered as the main signal that can be used to diagnose different... more Electro Cardio Gram (ECG) is considered as the main signal that can be used to diagnose different kinds of diseases related to human heart. During the recording process, it is usually contaminated with different kinds of noise which includes Power-Line Interference, Baseline Wandering and Muscle Contraction. In order to clean the ECG signal, several noise removal techniques have been used such as adaptive filters, empirical mode decomposition, Hilbert-Huang transform, Wavelet-Based algorithm, Discrete Wavelet Transforms, Modulus Maxima of Wavelet Transform, Patch Based Method, and many more. Unfortunately, all the presented methods cannot be used for online processing since it takes long time to clean the ECG signal. The current research presents a unique method for ECG denoising using a novel approach of adaptive filters. The suggested method was tested by using a simulated signal using MATLAB software under different scenarios. Instead of using a reference signal for ECG signal denoising, the presented model uses a unite delay and the primary ECG signal itself. LMS (Least Mean Square), NLMS (Normalized Least Mean Square), and Leaky LMS were used as adaptation algorithms in this paper.
The use of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) for implementing different types of Pulse Width... more The use of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) for implementing different types of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) controllers has increased steadily in the last few years. They become dominant tools for implementing different types of PWM due to the flexibility they provide compared to other Digital Signal Processors (DSPs). Different types of PWM have been implemented for single and three phase circuits such as Digital PWM (DPWM), Sinusoidal PWM (SPWM), Space Vector (SVPWM), carrier phase shifted SPWM (CPS-SPWM), Third Harmonic Injection Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (THISPWM) using different FPGA boards. This paper presents a systematic review for the implemented PWM controllers based on FPGA. It describes in detail their types, architectures, and intended application they used for. It also addresses the main contributions, advantages, and disadvantages of different research paper in this area. Current limitations and future development have been drawn based on highlighting the implemented and unimplemented PWM based on FPGA.
FPGA-Based Implementation of MSPWM Utilizing 64-Value LUT for Reference Signal Generation, 2021
Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) have become dominant tools for implementing different type... more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) have become dominant tools for implementing different types of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) due to the flexibility they provide compared to other DSPs. Different PWM types have been implemented such as Sinusoidal PWM (SPWM), Space Vector (SVPWM), carrier phase shifted SPWM (CPS-SPWM) using different FPGA boards. In this paper, we designed and implemented a new circuit of a Modified Sinusoidal PWM (MSPWM) on FPGA. The circuit was described in VHDL and implemented on ZYNQ-7000 FPGA board. Before the implementation, the design was simulated using MATLAB Simulink where the MSPWM was used to control a single-phase DC to AC inverter to study the performance in terms of Total Harmonics Distortion (THD) reduction compared to SPWM. Two reference sinusoidal signals with 180-degrees phase shift were generated using 8-bit accumulator and 64 values Look Up Table (LUT) based on Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS) technique. They were compared with triangular carrier signal which has a one-third zero values at a specific interval of its period to produce four PWM signals. The resource utilization table indicates that only 9% of the LUT, 0.2% of the FF (flip flop), and 6.25% of the buffers have been used for implementing the MSPWM.
Total harmonics distortion (THD) is one of the main problems in power systems due to its effects ... more Total harmonics distortion (THD) is one of the main problems in power systems due to its effects in generating undesirable issues in power quality. These effects include heating (in transformers, capacitors, motors, and generators), disoperation of electronic equipment, incorrect readings on meters, disoperation of protective relays, and communication interference. Besides these problems, harmonics affect the power quality in both transmission and distribution systems. Different techniques have been used to mitigate the effects of harmonics. These techniques include; passive filters, active power filter, artificial intelligent, and adaptive selective harmonics reductions. Each method has some advantages and disadvantages. This paper presented new models of total harmonics distortion reduction using adaptive, Weiner, and Kalman filters. In order to test the performance of the presented methods, the output current of a single phase inverter circuit was used as a study case. The new models reduced the total harmonics distortion from by more than 50% however Kalman filters give the best performance as compared to adaptive and Weiner filters.
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