ABSTRACT This paper presents a comprehensive view of the empirical research findings concerning r... more ABSTRACT This paper presents a comprehensive view of the empirical research findings concerning rurban relationships in different European countries (Finland, France, Hungary, the Netherlands and Spain), through two types of rurban territories: those that are placed close to (or included in) a metropolitan area and those that are close to (and influenced by) an important tourist area or place. Its main aim is to show the diversity of European experiences with regard to urban pressure in this type of areas, highlighting the socio-economic and institutional contexts in explaining similarities and differences between five countries. The results will review the various meanings of ‘rural’ and ‘rurality’ in different European contexts and how the study areas combine the characteristics of a rural and an urban area. Moreover, we will see that urban pressure is not perceived as a negative process by many but, rather, the opposite. Further, the multi-functionality of rural areas has often implied an excessive focus on new external urban demands in detriment of enhancing other traditional functions. Given these situations, institutions do not always provide efficient responses to changing rurban areas.
El discurso en torno al cual gira el artículo es que en España la concepción de LEADER como instr... more El discurso en torno al cual gira el artículo es que en España la concepción de LEADER como instrumento de desarrollo rural, aún siendo creciente, no debe ocultar aquélla otra que lo concibe como un instrumento de poder político, social y económico. Entre ambas, los diferentes grupos de actores intentan legitimar parte de sus políticas o actuaciones a través de su participación en LEADER. Palabras clave: LEADER, España, desarrollo rural, poder, legitimación, aprendizaje, estructuras de cooperación, democracia.
The reasonning in this article is that in Spain the conception of LEADER as a rural development instrument should not hide that other one that conceives it as an instrument of political, social and economic power. Between both, different groups of actors attempt to legitimate part of their policies or performances through their participation in LEADER.
Spatial equity in complex spaces such as metropolitan areas is a very interesting subject for res... more Spatial equity in complex spaces such as metropolitan areas is a very interesting subject for research, particularly in view of its enormous potential public policy applicability. An approach to the subject based on the population's access to essential public services (education, health care and social services) is proposed. Geographic Information System (GIS) tools have made a powerful contribution to the ease with which both spatial and statistical data can be handled. The study covers the Metropolitan Area of Valencia, in Spain. It is based on the location of public facilities and the population's ability to move around using public transport. Its objective is to give a general overview of the situation and point to problem zones, with the aim of suggesting answers for these that could help to improve social and spatial sustainability and equity in this metropolitan area.
Social services are the 4th pillar in the wellfare State. It is basic its consolidation for citiz... more Social services are the 4th pillar in the wellfare State. It is basic its consolidation for citizens in an each time more vulnerable society because the postmoderne societies are experimenting huge changes. In Spain it is a very young system, which has been extraordinary developed in the last 30 years. Nevertheless, it has many weaknesses. in this paper we analyze its development and social sustainability in Spain taking the case of Valencia as a case study.
The accommodation in rural areas of Valencia experienced significant growth during the implementa... more The accommodation in rural areas of Valencia experienced significant growth during the implementation of the initiatives Leader, Leader 2 and Leader+, between 1991 and 2006, and Proder and Proder II programs between 1996 and 2006. In Valencia, about 30% of Leader investments and the 16% of Proder investments were made in rural housing. After these initiatives and programs, Valencia launched the Ruralter strategy (2007-2013). Twenty years is sufficient time to assess how public policy has evolved to support tourism through programs and rural development initiatives in Valencia and their outcomes.
This paper presents a comprehensive view of the empirical research findings concerning rurban rel... more This paper presents a comprehensive view of the empirical research findings concerning rurban relationships in different European countries (Finland, France, Hungary, the Netherlands and Spain), through two types of rurban territories: those that are placed close to (or included in) a metropolitan area and those that are close to (and influenced by) an important tourist area or place. Its main aim is to show the diversity of European experiences with regard to urban pressure in this type of areas, highlighting the socio-economic and institutional contexts in explaining similarities and differences between five countries. The results will review the various meanings of ‘rural’ and ‘rurality’ in different European contexts and how the study areas combine the characteristics of a rural and an urban area. Moreover, we will see that urban pressure is not perceived as a negative process by many but, rather, the opposite. Further, the multi-functionality of rural areas has often implied an excessive focus on new external urban demands in detriment of enhancing other traditional functions. Given these situations, institutions do not always provide efficient responses to changing rurban areas.
ABSTRACT This paper presents a comprehensive view of the empirical research findings concerning r... more ABSTRACT This paper presents a comprehensive view of the empirical research findings concerning rurban relationships in different European countries (Finland, France, Hungary, the Netherlands and Spain), through two types of rurban territories: those that are placed close to (or included in) a metropolitan area and those that are close to (and influenced by) an important tourist area or place. Its main aim is to show the diversity of European experiences with regard to urban pressure in this type of areas, highlighting the socio-economic and institutional contexts in explaining similarities and differences between five countries. The results will review the various meanings of ‘rural’ and ‘rurality’ in different European contexts and how the study areas combine the characteristics of a rural and an urban area. Moreover, we will see that urban pressure is not perceived as a negative process by many but, rather, the opposite. Further, the multi-functionality of rural areas has often implied an excessive focus on new external urban demands in detriment of enhancing other traditional functions. Given these situations, institutions do not always provide efficient responses to changing rurban areas.
El discurso en torno al cual gira el artículo es que en España la concepción de LEADER como instr... more El discurso en torno al cual gira el artículo es que en España la concepción de LEADER como instrumento de desarrollo rural, aún siendo creciente, no debe ocultar aquélla otra que lo concibe como un instrumento de poder político, social y económico. Entre ambas, los diferentes grupos de actores intentan legitimar parte de sus políticas o actuaciones a través de su participación en LEADER. Palabras clave: LEADER, España, desarrollo rural, poder, legitimación, aprendizaje, estructuras de cooperación, democracia.
The reasonning in this article is that in Spain the conception of LEADER as a rural development instrument should not hide that other one that conceives it as an instrument of political, social and economic power. Between both, different groups of actors attempt to legitimate part of their policies or performances through their participation in LEADER.
Spatial equity in complex spaces such as metropolitan areas is a very interesting subject for res... more Spatial equity in complex spaces such as metropolitan areas is a very interesting subject for research, particularly in view of its enormous potential public policy applicability. An approach to the subject based on the population's access to essential public services (education, health care and social services) is proposed. Geographic Information System (GIS) tools have made a powerful contribution to the ease with which both spatial and statistical data can be handled. The study covers the Metropolitan Area of Valencia, in Spain. It is based on the location of public facilities and the population's ability to move around using public transport. Its objective is to give a general overview of the situation and point to problem zones, with the aim of suggesting answers for these that could help to improve social and spatial sustainability and equity in this metropolitan area.
Social services are the 4th pillar in the wellfare State. It is basic its consolidation for citiz... more Social services are the 4th pillar in the wellfare State. It is basic its consolidation for citizens in an each time more vulnerable society because the postmoderne societies are experimenting huge changes. In Spain it is a very young system, which has been extraordinary developed in the last 30 years. Nevertheless, it has many weaknesses. in this paper we analyze its development and social sustainability in Spain taking the case of Valencia as a case study.
The accommodation in rural areas of Valencia experienced significant growth during the implementa... more The accommodation in rural areas of Valencia experienced significant growth during the implementation of the initiatives Leader, Leader 2 and Leader+, between 1991 and 2006, and Proder and Proder II programs between 1996 and 2006. In Valencia, about 30% of Leader investments and the 16% of Proder investments were made in rural housing. After these initiatives and programs, Valencia launched the Ruralter strategy (2007-2013). Twenty years is sufficient time to assess how public policy has evolved to support tourism through programs and rural development initiatives in Valencia and their outcomes.
This paper presents a comprehensive view of the empirical research findings concerning rurban rel... more This paper presents a comprehensive view of the empirical research findings concerning rurban relationships in different European countries (Finland, France, Hungary, the Netherlands and Spain), through two types of rurban territories: those that are placed close to (or included in) a metropolitan area and those that are close to (and influenced by) an important tourist area or place. Its main aim is to show the diversity of European experiences with regard to urban pressure in this type of areas, highlighting the socio-economic and institutional contexts in explaining similarities and differences between five countries. The results will review the various meanings of ‘rural’ and ‘rurality’ in different European contexts and how the study areas combine the characteristics of a rural and an urban area. Moreover, we will see that urban pressure is not perceived as a negative process by many but, rather, the opposite. Further, the multi-functionality of rural areas has often implied an excessive focus on new external urban demands in detriment of enhancing other traditional functions. Given these situations, institutions do not always provide efficient responses to changing rurban areas.
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Papers by María Dolores Pitarch
between five countries. The results will review the various meanings of ‘rural’ and ‘rurality’ in different European contexts and how the study areas combine the characteristics of a
rural and an urban area. Moreover, we will see that urban pressure is not perceived as a negative process by many but, rather, the opposite. Further, the multi-functionality of rural areas has often implied an excessive focus on new external urban demands in detriment of enhancing other traditional functions. Given these situations, institutions do not always provide efficient responses to changing rurban areas.
Palabras clave: LEADER, España, desarrollo rural, poder, legitimación, aprendizaje, estructuras de cooperación, democracia.
The reasonning in this article is that in Spain the conception of LEADER as a rural development instrument should not hide that other one that conceives it as an instrument of political, social and economic power. Between both, different groups of actors attempt to legitimate part of their policies or performances through their participation in LEADER.
Key words: LEADER, Spain, rural development, power, legitimation, learning, cooperation structures, democracy.
these initiatives and programs, Valencia launched the Ruralter strategy (2007-2013). Twenty years is sufficient time to assess how public policy has evolved to support tourism through programs and rural development initiatives in Valencia and their outcomes.
between five countries. The results will review the various meanings of ‘rural’ and ‘rurality’ in different European contexts and how the study areas combine the characteristics of a
rural and an urban area. Moreover, we will see that urban pressure is not perceived as a negative process by many but, rather, the opposite. Further, the multi-functionality of rural areas has often implied an excessive focus on new external urban demands in detriment of enhancing other traditional functions. Given these situations, institutions do not always provide efficient responses to changing rurban areas.
Palabras clave: LEADER, España, desarrollo rural, poder, legitimación, aprendizaje, estructuras de cooperación, democracia.
The reasonning in this article is that in Spain the conception of LEADER as a rural development instrument should not hide that other one that conceives it as an instrument of political, social and economic power. Between both, different groups of actors attempt to legitimate part of their policies or performances through their participation in LEADER.
Key words: LEADER, Spain, rural development, power, legitimation, learning, cooperation structures, democracy.
these initiatives and programs, Valencia launched the Ruralter strategy (2007-2013). Twenty years is sufficient time to assess how public policy has evolved to support tourism through programs and rural development initiatives in Valencia and their outcomes.