Discussions about U.S. migration policing have traditionally focused on enforcement along the hig... more Discussions about U.S. migration policing have traditionally focused on enforcement along the highly charged U.S.-Mexico boundary. Enforcement practices such as detention policies designed to restrict access to asylum also transpire in the Caribbean. Boats, Borders, and Bases tells a missing, racialized history of the U.S. migration detention system that was developed and expanded to deter Haitian and Cuban migrants. Jenna M. Loyd and Alison Mountz argue that the U.S. response to Cold War Caribbean migrations established the legal and institutional basis for contemporary migration detention and border-deterrent practices in the United States. This book will make a significant contribution to a fuller understanding of the history and geography of the United States’s migration detention system.
"Health Rights Are Civil Rights" unearths a rich history of Los Angeles-based health activism on ... more "Health Rights Are Civil Rights" unearths a rich history of Los Angeles-based health activism on the part of 1960s and 1970s Black freedom, antiwar and women’s movements. The arc of the book begins in 1963 with struggles against segregated health care, coerced sterilization, and nuclear terror. It ends in 1978 with a homeowners’ tax revolt that worked to contain such expansive redefinitions of health and to roll back gains to health and social services. The era began and ended with health care as a privilege, but health and health care had been decisively politicized. The gains of Black freedom, antiwar and women’s movements for establishing bodily integrity as a political issue were substantial. Collectively they shook the sturdy foundations of state-sanctioned sexist and racist medical practice and crafted new understandings of health that identified the centrality of war and militarization for creating grave ecologies at home and abroad.
Much of the scholarship of post-World War II US cities focuses either on the importance of war and the military-industrial complex to metropolitan and regional shifts, or on social and political conflicts within cities. This book grounds the era’s activism within the political geography of Los Angeles’ defense economy, an approach that can hopefully invigorate more in-depth studies of the relations between militarization and political mobilization in specific places. Resituating health politics within the militarized geographies and political movements from which they emerge enables me to trace the far broader conceptualizations of healthy living for which the Black freedom, antiwar and women’s movements fought.
The focus on popular struggles for health – welfare, housing, jobs, parks, child care, a clean environment, peace, and justice – aims to capture the spirit and breadth of health demands that animated these movements, and sometimes drew them together. In highlighting how violence and social inequalities become objects of health activism, this book elucidates a theory of health and social change that stands at odds with those framed in terms of medical institutions, professional reform and individual responsibility. Such dominant understandings often have worked ideologically to isolate bodily harms from the social relations that systematically shape life possibilities. To that end, Health Rights are Civil Rights questions the ways in which narratives of the women’s health movement have been tethered to dominant health understandings. Resituating welfare and peace within this history profoundly alters white feminist paradigms of women’s health and reproductive rights activism. Ultimately, the book’s exploration of state violence as a health issue is perhaps the most sweeping departure from the dominant health ideology. But it was also this premise that enabled antiwar, welfare, and civil rights groups to organize for urban reconstruction as a shared project of peace and freedom. It also enabled to see how institutional reforms like universal health care and a guaranteed income were made impossible by a militarized economy.
The crisis of borders and prisons can be seen starkly in statistics. In 2011 some 1,500 migrants ... more The crisis of borders and prisons can be seen starkly in statistics. In 2011 some 1,500 migrants died trying to enter Europe, and the United States deported nearly 400,000 and imprisoned some 2.3 million people—more than at any other time in history. International borders are increasingly militarized places embedded within domestic policing and imprisonment and entwined with expanding prison-industrial complexes. Beyond Walls and Cages offers scholarly and activist perspectives on these issues and explores how the international community can move toward a more humane future.
Working at a range of geographic scales and locations, contributors examine concrete and ideological connections among prisons, migration policing and detention, border fortification, and militarization. They challenge the idea that prisons and borders create safety, security, and order, showing that they can be forms of coercive mobility that separate loved ones, disempower communities, and increase shared harms of poverty. Walls and cages can also fortify wealth and power inequalities, racism, and gender and sexual oppression.
As governments increasingly rely on criminalization and violent measures of exclusion and containment, strategies for achieving change are essential. Beyond Walls and Cages develops abolitionist, no borders, and decolonial analyses and methods for social change, showing how seemingly disconnected forms of state violence are interconnected. Creating a more just and free world—whether in the Mexico-U.S. borderlands, the Morocco-Spain region, South Africa, Idaho, or Philadelphia—requires that people who are most affected are central to building alternatives to global crosscurrents of criminalization and militarization.
The neoliberal university requires high productivity in compressed time frames. Though the neolib... more The neoliberal university requires high productivity in compressed time frames. Though the neoliberal transformation of the university is well documented, the isolating effects and embodied work conditions of such increasing demands are too rarely discussed. In this article, we develop a feminist ethics of care that challenges these working conditions. Our politics foreground collective action and the contention that good scholarship requires time to think, write, read, research, analyze, edit, organize, and resist the growing administrative and professional demands that disrupt these crucial processes of intellectual growth and personal freedom. This collectively written article explores alternatives to the fast-paced, metric-oriented neoliberal university through a slow-moving conversation on ways to slow down and claim time for slow scholarship and collective action informed by feminist politics. We examine temporal regimes of the neoliberal university and their embodied effects....
Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 2022
How do the lost futures of forced displacement converge with the impasse of being resettled to a ... more How do the lost futures of forced displacement converge with the impasse of being resettled to a “post-future” society such as the U.S.? Based on interviews conducted between 2016 and 2019 with resettlement agents, service providers and Iraqis resettled in the U.S., we argue that the condemnation of “expectations” (that is, realistic hope) coupled with the demand for refugees’ gratitude means that Iraqis resettled to the U.S. are asked to sustain a “hope against hope” for the fullness of American futurity, even in the face of its collapse. We argue that this prescribed structure of feeling distorts the affective realities of those for whom resettlement has meant at once the loss of past futures (e.g. professional qualifications, career trajectories, social status, or intergenerational cycles of care) and the running aground of capacities for futurity – especially as these capacities are bound up with transnationally stretched and reconfigured familial relations. What is at stake is ...
Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 2021
Trauma does not have a single definition. Within western paradigms, across humanities and social ... more Trauma does not have a single definition. Within western paradigms, across humanities and social sciences, it has largely been characterized through temporal and spatial dislocation. Critical studies of trauma, however, suggest that such framings of rupture, catastrophe, and mass displacement can obscure longer-term and structural forms of violence, such as colonialism and gender-based violence. This paper explores the displacement, emplacement, and transitivity of trauma through the process of refugee resettlement. It is part of a broader qualitative study that traces how trauma concepts and practices are mobilized in the process of refugee resettlement, specifically for Iraqis who are resettled in the United States. This paper argues that trauma is neither a one-time event that is endlessly relived and reactivated in identical episodes. Nor does trauma emplace a singular geography. Rather, trauma can be understood as a set of serial emplacements and displacements across multiple sites, in our case transnationally. Apart from the distress and geopolitics of war, securitized migration policies produce trauma for people who have been displaced. This trauma of family separation, however, should not be regarded merely as an extension of war-making, but as an additional manifestation produced by the global refugee regime.
This article analyzes how the spatial metaphor of 53206, a zip code within the city of Milwaukee,... more This article analyzes how the spatial metaphor of 53206, a zip code within the city of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, connects with crises in the legitimacy of policing and politicians’ claims to care about Black lives. It examines how, in the context of deepening racialized poverty, ongoing mobilizations against police violence, and increasing rates of violent crime, liberal and conservative rhetoric about 53206 largely obscures the roles that decades of deindustrialization and labor assaults, metropolitan racial and wealth segregation, and public school and welfare restructuring play in producing racial and class inequality to instead emphasize racializing tropes about ‘Black-on-Black crime,’ broken homes, and uncaring Black communities. Situating the examination within critical analysis of urban poverty, geographic scholarship on the racialization of space, and critical criminology, the authors consider the salience of the term territorial stigmatization as a means to understand how histo...
Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 2018
The information, practices and views in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necess... more The information, practices and views in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the Royal Geographical Society (with IBG).
The neoliberal university requires high productivity in compressed time frames. Though the neolib... more The neoliberal university requires high productivity in compressed time frames. Though the neoliberal transformation of the university is well documented, the isolating effects and embodied work conditions of such increasing demands are too rarely discussed. In this article, we develop a feminist ethics of care that challenges these working conditions. Our politics foreground collective action and the contention that good scholarship requires time: to think, write, read, research, analyze, edit, organize, and resist the growing administrative and professional demands that disrupt these crucial processes of intellectual growth and personal freedom. This collectively written article explores alternatives to the fast-paced, metric-oriented neoliberal university through a slow- moving conversation on ways to slow down and claim time for slow scholarship and collective action informed by feminist politics. We examine temporal regimes of the neoliberal university and their embodied effect...
How deterrence, detention, and deportation of Caribbean migrants and refugees in the '70s and '80... more How deterrence, detention, and deportation of Caribbean migrants and refugees in the '70s and '80s laid the groundwork for the militarization of the U.S.-Mexico border today. a safer world for all people, including asylum seekers. n n
In this paper we map out what we are calling a " geopolitics of trauma " by examining the role of... more In this paper we map out what we are calling a " geopolitics of trauma " by examining the role of trauma in transnational refugee regimes and the individualisation of geopolitical relations through mental health diagnosis and service provision. Focusing on one site of entry into the international regime of refugee administration , we present findings from fieldwork that we conducted in August, 2015 in Turkey with NGOs and IGOs involved in the protection, mental health and psy-chosocial service provision, and resettlement of refugees. The findings that we present demonstrate the challenges of refugee care and management on the front lines in Turkey and the significance of mental health diagnosis, treatment and documentation in the early stages of refugee administration. We suggest that practices of refugee screening and resettlement are imbued with traumatic stressors and trace how trauma intersects with the administration of refugees in different sites and at different times. We argue that the protracted situation of refugees in Turkey (many of whom will wait 8 years for their Refugee Status Determination interview) and the multiple interviews and demands for documentation through which a displaced person applies for refugee status and third-country resettlement become sites of ongoing traumatisation for the refugee subject. Further, in the practices of screening and documentation, we can trace the medicalisation of the refugee subject as not only a question of care but also a practice of legibility on which the state and international organisations base their decisions about inclusion and exclusion. The geopolitics of trauma thus emerges not only in cartographies of war, displacement and resettlement, but also in the minute details and perfor-mative demands of the refugee determination and resettlement process.
This article analyzes how the spatial metaphor of 53206, a zip code within the city of Milwaukee,... more This article analyzes how the spatial metaphor of 53206, a zip code within the city of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, connects with crises in the legitimacy of policing and politicians’ claims to care about Black lives. It examines how, in the context of deepening racialized poverty, ongoing mobilizations against police violence, and increasing rates of violent crime, liberal and conservative rhetoric about 53206 largely obscures the roles that decades of deindustrialization and labor assaults, metropolitan racial and wealth segregation, and public school and welfare restructuring play in producing racial and class inequality to instead emphasize racializing tropes about ‘Black-on-Black crime,’ broken homes, and uncaring Black communities. Situating the examination within critical analysis of urban poverty, geographic scholarship on the racialization of space, and critical criminology, the authors consider the salience of the term territorial stigmatization as a means to understand how historical and contemporary processes of racialized capitalism shape Milwaukee’s urban and social divides. They argue that discursive constructions of 53206 and the rhetorical posture of saving Black lives deployed by elected officials have had the effect of entrenching policing power while further rendering neighborhoods like Milwaukee’s Northside as already dead and dying.
The neoliberal university requires high productivity in compressed time frames. Though the neolib... more The neoliberal university requires high productivity in compressed time frames. Though the neoliberal transformation of the university is well documented, the isolating effects and embodied work conditions of such increasing demands are too rarely discussed. In this article, we develop a feminist ethics of care that challenges these working conditions. Our politics foreground collective action and the contention that good scholarship requires time to think, write, read, research, analyze, edit, organize, and resist the growing administrative and professional demands that disrupt these crucial processes of intellectual growth and personal freedom. This collectively written article explores alternatives to the fast-paced, metric-oriented neoliberal university through a slow-moving conversation on ways to slow down and claim time for slow scholarship and collective action informed by feminist politics. We examine temporal regimes of the neoliberal university and their embodied effects. We then consider strategies for slowing scholarship with the objective of contributing to the slow scholarship movement. This slowing down ACME: An International E-Journal for Critical Geographies, 2015, x (x), x -xx 3 represents both a commitment to good scholarship, teaching, and service and a collective feminist ethics of care that challenges the accelerated time and elitism of the neoliberal university. Above all, we argue in favor of the slow scholarship movement and contribute some resistance strategies that foreground collaborative, collective, communal ways forward.
The neoliberal university requires high productivity in compressed time frames. Though the neolib... more The neoliberal university requires high productivity in compressed time frames. Though the neoliberal transformation of the university is well documented, the isolating effects and embodied work conditions of such increasing demands are too rarely discussed. In this article, we develop a feminist ethics of care that challenges these working conditions. Our politics foreground collective action and the contention that good scholarship requires time to think, write, read, research, analyze, edit, organize, and resist the growing administrative and professional demands that disrupt these crucial processes of intellectual growth and personal freedom. This collectively written article explores alternatives to the fast-paced, metric-oriented neoliberal university through a slow-moving conversation on ways to slow down and claim time for slow scholarship and collective action informed by feminist politics. We examine temporal regimes of the neoliberal university and their embodied effects. We then consider strategies for slowing scholarship with the objective of contributing to the slow scholarship movement. This slowing down 1237 represents both a commitment to good scholarship, teaching, and service and a collective feminist ethics of care that challenges the accelerated time and elitism of the neoliberal university. Above all, we argue in favor of the slow scholarship movement and contribute some resistance strategies that foreground collaborative, collective, communal ways forward.
In this paper, we argue that the confinement of people on island military bases, whether narrated... more In this paper, we argue that the confinement of people on island military bases, whether narrated as humanitarian rescue, migration management, refugee resettlement, or militarized border enforcement, is an imperial process of ruination that impairs human possibility and erodes access to rights. Further- more, the government’s categorization of mobile people – as refugees, displaced, detainees, or migrants – informs the naming of these spaces, the bureaucratic and legal processes that they are subjected to, and their treatment (by local communities, federal authorities, the media, and the law). Empirical material is drawn from qualitative research conducted on US migration control in the Caribbean and Pacific. We identify spatial patterns of militarization operating across these sites, wherein migration is inter- twined with enforcement, confinement, and militarization.
The deaths of people attempting to navigate treacherous spaces between relatively wealthy and pow... more The deaths of people attempting to navigate treacherous spaces between relatively wealthy and powerful regions and less politically powerful places are the clearest evidence of the life and death stakes of global apartheid. Global apartheid is constituted most evidently through migration regulations and practices of border policing, militarization, and interdiction. Yet global apartheid is not solely about assertions of nation-state sovereignty internationally or at national boundaries. Not only does global apartheid rely on the fortification and policing of sovereign territory and on the delegation of this work regionally to third countries, but it also relies on domestic policing and crime policies and their infrastructure of detention facilities, jails, prisons, and the methods for moving people within this network or removing them through deportation. I suggest that global apartheid must be understood in relation to the carceral
state, which together form a regime of carceral citizenship that is global in scope.Whereas geopolitics and migration policy tend to be understood as (inter-)national issues, I suggest that racial projects advanced at regional scales—regional racial formations—are important for understanding the uneven development of national policies. Examining the anti-Black roots of US border
and immigration policy, then, suggests a genealogy of global apartheid tied up in the ricochets
of slavery and empire.
Discussions about U.S. migration policing have traditionally focused on enforcement along the hig... more Discussions about U.S. migration policing have traditionally focused on enforcement along the highly charged U.S.-Mexico boundary. Enforcement practices such as detention policies designed to restrict access to asylum also transpire in the Caribbean. Boats, Borders, and Bases tells a missing, racialized history of the U.S. migration detention system that was developed and expanded to deter Haitian and Cuban migrants. Jenna M. Loyd and Alison Mountz argue that the U.S. response to Cold War Caribbean migrations established the legal and institutional basis for contemporary migration detention and border-deterrent practices in the United States. This book will make a significant contribution to a fuller understanding of the history and geography of the United States’s migration detention system.
"Health Rights Are Civil Rights" unearths a rich history of Los Angeles-based health activism on ... more "Health Rights Are Civil Rights" unearths a rich history of Los Angeles-based health activism on the part of 1960s and 1970s Black freedom, antiwar and women’s movements. The arc of the book begins in 1963 with struggles against segregated health care, coerced sterilization, and nuclear terror. It ends in 1978 with a homeowners’ tax revolt that worked to contain such expansive redefinitions of health and to roll back gains to health and social services. The era began and ended with health care as a privilege, but health and health care had been decisively politicized. The gains of Black freedom, antiwar and women’s movements for establishing bodily integrity as a political issue were substantial. Collectively they shook the sturdy foundations of state-sanctioned sexist and racist medical practice and crafted new understandings of health that identified the centrality of war and militarization for creating grave ecologies at home and abroad.
Much of the scholarship of post-World War II US cities focuses either on the importance of war and the military-industrial complex to metropolitan and regional shifts, or on social and political conflicts within cities. This book grounds the era’s activism within the political geography of Los Angeles’ defense economy, an approach that can hopefully invigorate more in-depth studies of the relations between militarization and political mobilization in specific places. Resituating health politics within the militarized geographies and political movements from which they emerge enables me to trace the far broader conceptualizations of healthy living for which the Black freedom, antiwar and women’s movements fought.
The focus on popular struggles for health – welfare, housing, jobs, parks, child care, a clean environment, peace, and justice – aims to capture the spirit and breadth of health demands that animated these movements, and sometimes drew them together. In highlighting how violence and social inequalities become objects of health activism, this book elucidates a theory of health and social change that stands at odds with those framed in terms of medical institutions, professional reform and individual responsibility. Such dominant understandings often have worked ideologically to isolate bodily harms from the social relations that systematically shape life possibilities. To that end, Health Rights are Civil Rights questions the ways in which narratives of the women’s health movement have been tethered to dominant health understandings. Resituating welfare and peace within this history profoundly alters white feminist paradigms of women’s health and reproductive rights activism. Ultimately, the book’s exploration of state violence as a health issue is perhaps the most sweeping departure from the dominant health ideology. But it was also this premise that enabled antiwar, welfare, and civil rights groups to organize for urban reconstruction as a shared project of peace and freedom. It also enabled to see how institutional reforms like universal health care and a guaranteed income were made impossible by a militarized economy.
The crisis of borders and prisons can be seen starkly in statistics. In 2011 some 1,500 migrants ... more The crisis of borders and prisons can be seen starkly in statistics. In 2011 some 1,500 migrants died trying to enter Europe, and the United States deported nearly 400,000 and imprisoned some 2.3 million people—more than at any other time in history. International borders are increasingly militarized places embedded within domestic policing and imprisonment and entwined with expanding prison-industrial complexes. Beyond Walls and Cages offers scholarly and activist perspectives on these issues and explores how the international community can move toward a more humane future.
Working at a range of geographic scales and locations, contributors examine concrete and ideological connections among prisons, migration policing and detention, border fortification, and militarization. They challenge the idea that prisons and borders create safety, security, and order, showing that they can be forms of coercive mobility that separate loved ones, disempower communities, and increase shared harms of poverty. Walls and cages can also fortify wealth and power inequalities, racism, and gender and sexual oppression.
As governments increasingly rely on criminalization and violent measures of exclusion and containment, strategies for achieving change are essential. Beyond Walls and Cages develops abolitionist, no borders, and decolonial analyses and methods for social change, showing how seemingly disconnected forms of state violence are interconnected. Creating a more just and free world—whether in the Mexico-U.S. borderlands, the Morocco-Spain region, South Africa, Idaho, or Philadelphia—requires that people who are most affected are central to building alternatives to global crosscurrents of criminalization and militarization.
The neoliberal university requires high productivity in compressed time frames. Though the neolib... more The neoliberal university requires high productivity in compressed time frames. Though the neoliberal transformation of the university is well documented, the isolating effects and embodied work conditions of such increasing demands are too rarely discussed. In this article, we develop a feminist ethics of care that challenges these working conditions. Our politics foreground collective action and the contention that good scholarship requires time to think, write, read, research, analyze, edit, organize, and resist the growing administrative and professional demands that disrupt these crucial processes of intellectual growth and personal freedom. This collectively written article explores alternatives to the fast-paced, metric-oriented neoliberal university through a slow-moving conversation on ways to slow down and claim time for slow scholarship and collective action informed by feminist politics. We examine temporal regimes of the neoliberal university and their embodied effects....
Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 2022
How do the lost futures of forced displacement converge with the impasse of being resettled to a ... more How do the lost futures of forced displacement converge with the impasse of being resettled to a “post-future” society such as the U.S.? Based on interviews conducted between 2016 and 2019 with resettlement agents, service providers and Iraqis resettled in the U.S., we argue that the condemnation of “expectations” (that is, realistic hope) coupled with the demand for refugees’ gratitude means that Iraqis resettled to the U.S. are asked to sustain a “hope against hope” for the fullness of American futurity, even in the face of its collapse. We argue that this prescribed structure of feeling distorts the affective realities of those for whom resettlement has meant at once the loss of past futures (e.g. professional qualifications, career trajectories, social status, or intergenerational cycles of care) and the running aground of capacities for futurity – especially as these capacities are bound up with transnationally stretched and reconfigured familial relations. What is at stake is ...
Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 2021
Trauma does not have a single definition. Within western paradigms, across humanities and social ... more Trauma does not have a single definition. Within western paradigms, across humanities and social sciences, it has largely been characterized through temporal and spatial dislocation. Critical studies of trauma, however, suggest that such framings of rupture, catastrophe, and mass displacement can obscure longer-term and structural forms of violence, such as colonialism and gender-based violence. This paper explores the displacement, emplacement, and transitivity of trauma through the process of refugee resettlement. It is part of a broader qualitative study that traces how trauma concepts and practices are mobilized in the process of refugee resettlement, specifically for Iraqis who are resettled in the United States. This paper argues that trauma is neither a one-time event that is endlessly relived and reactivated in identical episodes. Nor does trauma emplace a singular geography. Rather, trauma can be understood as a set of serial emplacements and displacements across multiple sites, in our case transnationally. Apart from the distress and geopolitics of war, securitized migration policies produce trauma for people who have been displaced. This trauma of family separation, however, should not be regarded merely as an extension of war-making, but as an additional manifestation produced by the global refugee regime.
This article analyzes how the spatial metaphor of 53206, a zip code within the city of Milwaukee,... more This article analyzes how the spatial metaphor of 53206, a zip code within the city of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, connects with crises in the legitimacy of policing and politicians’ claims to care about Black lives. It examines how, in the context of deepening racialized poverty, ongoing mobilizations against police violence, and increasing rates of violent crime, liberal and conservative rhetoric about 53206 largely obscures the roles that decades of deindustrialization and labor assaults, metropolitan racial and wealth segregation, and public school and welfare restructuring play in producing racial and class inequality to instead emphasize racializing tropes about ‘Black-on-Black crime,’ broken homes, and uncaring Black communities. Situating the examination within critical analysis of urban poverty, geographic scholarship on the racialization of space, and critical criminology, the authors consider the salience of the term territorial stigmatization as a means to understand how histo...
Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 2018
The information, practices and views in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necess... more The information, practices and views in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the Royal Geographical Society (with IBG).
The neoliberal university requires high productivity in compressed time frames. Though the neolib... more The neoliberal university requires high productivity in compressed time frames. Though the neoliberal transformation of the university is well documented, the isolating effects and embodied work conditions of such increasing demands are too rarely discussed. In this article, we develop a feminist ethics of care that challenges these working conditions. Our politics foreground collective action and the contention that good scholarship requires time: to think, write, read, research, analyze, edit, organize, and resist the growing administrative and professional demands that disrupt these crucial processes of intellectual growth and personal freedom. This collectively written article explores alternatives to the fast-paced, metric-oriented neoliberal university through a slow- moving conversation on ways to slow down and claim time for slow scholarship and collective action informed by feminist politics. We examine temporal regimes of the neoliberal university and their embodied effect...
How deterrence, detention, and deportation of Caribbean migrants and refugees in the '70s and '80... more How deterrence, detention, and deportation of Caribbean migrants and refugees in the '70s and '80s laid the groundwork for the militarization of the U.S.-Mexico border today. a safer world for all people, including asylum seekers. n n
In this paper we map out what we are calling a " geopolitics of trauma " by examining the role of... more In this paper we map out what we are calling a " geopolitics of trauma " by examining the role of trauma in transnational refugee regimes and the individualisation of geopolitical relations through mental health diagnosis and service provision. Focusing on one site of entry into the international regime of refugee administration , we present findings from fieldwork that we conducted in August, 2015 in Turkey with NGOs and IGOs involved in the protection, mental health and psy-chosocial service provision, and resettlement of refugees. The findings that we present demonstrate the challenges of refugee care and management on the front lines in Turkey and the significance of mental health diagnosis, treatment and documentation in the early stages of refugee administration. We suggest that practices of refugee screening and resettlement are imbued with traumatic stressors and trace how trauma intersects with the administration of refugees in different sites and at different times. We argue that the protracted situation of refugees in Turkey (many of whom will wait 8 years for their Refugee Status Determination interview) and the multiple interviews and demands for documentation through which a displaced person applies for refugee status and third-country resettlement become sites of ongoing traumatisation for the refugee subject. Further, in the practices of screening and documentation, we can trace the medicalisation of the refugee subject as not only a question of care but also a practice of legibility on which the state and international organisations base their decisions about inclusion and exclusion. The geopolitics of trauma thus emerges not only in cartographies of war, displacement and resettlement, but also in the minute details and perfor-mative demands of the refugee determination and resettlement process.
This article analyzes how the spatial metaphor of 53206, a zip code within the city of Milwaukee,... more This article analyzes how the spatial metaphor of 53206, a zip code within the city of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, connects with crises in the legitimacy of policing and politicians’ claims to care about Black lives. It examines how, in the context of deepening racialized poverty, ongoing mobilizations against police violence, and increasing rates of violent crime, liberal and conservative rhetoric about 53206 largely obscures the roles that decades of deindustrialization and labor assaults, metropolitan racial and wealth segregation, and public school and welfare restructuring play in producing racial and class inequality to instead emphasize racializing tropes about ‘Black-on-Black crime,’ broken homes, and uncaring Black communities. Situating the examination within critical analysis of urban poverty, geographic scholarship on the racialization of space, and critical criminology, the authors consider the salience of the term territorial stigmatization as a means to understand how historical and contemporary processes of racialized capitalism shape Milwaukee’s urban and social divides. They argue that discursive constructions of 53206 and the rhetorical posture of saving Black lives deployed by elected officials have had the effect of entrenching policing power while further rendering neighborhoods like Milwaukee’s Northside as already dead and dying.
The neoliberal university requires high productivity in compressed time frames. Though the neolib... more The neoliberal university requires high productivity in compressed time frames. Though the neoliberal transformation of the university is well documented, the isolating effects and embodied work conditions of such increasing demands are too rarely discussed. In this article, we develop a feminist ethics of care that challenges these working conditions. Our politics foreground collective action and the contention that good scholarship requires time to think, write, read, research, analyze, edit, organize, and resist the growing administrative and professional demands that disrupt these crucial processes of intellectual growth and personal freedom. This collectively written article explores alternatives to the fast-paced, metric-oriented neoliberal university through a slow-moving conversation on ways to slow down and claim time for slow scholarship and collective action informed by feminist politics. We examine temporal regimes of the neoliberal university and their embodied effects. We then consider strategies for slowing scholarship with the objective of contributing to the slow scholarship movement. This slowing down ACME: An International E-Journal for Critical Geographies, 2015, x (x), x -xx 3 represents both a commitment to good scholarship, teaching, and service and a collective feminist ethics of care that challenges the accelerated time and elitism of the neoliberal university. Above all, we argue in favor of the slow scholarship movement and contribute some resistance strategies that foreground collaborative, collective, communal ways forward.
The neoliberal university requires high productivity in compressed time frames. Though the neolib... more The neoliberal university requires high productivity in compressed time frames. Though the neoliberal transformation of the university is well documented, the isolating effects and embodied work conditions of such increasing demands are too rarely discussed. In this article, we develop a feminist ethics of care that challenges these working conditions. Our politics foreground collective action and the contention that good scholarship requires time to think, write, read, research, analyze, edit, organize, and resist the growing administrative and professional demands that disrupt these crucial processes of intellectual growth and personal freedom. This collectively written article explores alternatives to the fast-paced, metric-oriented neoliberal university through a slow-moving conversation on ways to slow down and claim time for slow scholarship and collective action informed by feminist politics. We examine temporal regimes of the neoliberal university and their embodied effects. We then consider strategies for slowing scholarship with the objective of contributing to the slow scholarship movement. This slowing down 1237 represents both a commitment to good scholarship, teaching, and service and a collective feminist ethics of care that challenges the accelerated time and elitism of the neoliberal university. Above all, we argue in favor of the slow scholarship movement and contribute some resistance strategies that foreground collaborative, collective, communal ways forward.
In this paper, we argue that the confinement of people on island military bases, whether narrated... more In this paper, we argue that the confinement of people on island military bases, whether narrated as humanitarian rescue, migration management, refugee resettlement, or militarized border enforcement, is an imperial process of ruination that impairs human possibility and erodes access to rights. Further- more, the government’s categorization of mobile people – as refugees, displaced, detainees, or migrants – informs the naming of these spaces, the bureaucratic and legal processes that they are subjected to, and their treatment (by local communities, federal authorities, the media, and the law). Empirical material is drawn from qualitative research conducted on US migration control in the Caribbean and Pacific. We identify spatial patterns of militarization operating across these sites, wherein migration is inter- twined with enforcement, confinement, and militarization.
The deaths of people attempting to navigate treacherous spaces between relatively wealthy and pow... more The deaths of people attempting to navigate treacherous spaces between relatively wealthy and powerful regions and less politically powerful places are the clearest evidence of the life and death stakes of global apartheid. Global apartheid is constituted most evidently through migration regulations and practices of border policing, militarization, and interdiction. Yet global apartheid is not solely about assertions of nation-state sovereignty internationally or at national boundaries. Not only does global apartheid rely on the fortification and policing of sovereign territory and on the delegation of this work regionally to third countries, but it also relies on domestic policing and crime policies and their infrastructure of detention facilities, jails, prisons, and the methods for moving people within this network or removing them through deportation. I suggest that global apartheid must be understood in relation to the carceral
state, which together form a regime of carceral citizenship that is global in scope.Whereas geopolitics and migration policy tend to be understood as (inter-)national issues, I suggest that racial projects advanced at regional scales—regional racial formations—are important for understanding the uneven development of national policies. Examining the anti-Black roots of US border
and immigration policy, then, suggests a genealogy of global apartheid tied up in the ricochets
of slavery and empire.
The neoliberal university requires high productivity in compressed time frames. Though the neolib... more The neoliberal university requires high productivity in compressed time frames. Though the neoliberal transformation of the university is well documented, the isolating effects and embodied work conditions of such increasing demands are too rarely discussed. In this article, we develop a feminist ethics of care that challenges these working conditions. Our politics foreground collective action and the contention that good scholarship requires time: to think, write, read, research, analyze, edit, organize, and resist the growing administrative and professional demands that disrupt these crucial processes of intellectual growth and personal freedom. This collectively written article explores alternatives to the fast-paced, metric-oriented neoliberal university through a slow-moving conversation on ways to slow down and claim time for slow scholarship and collective action informed by feminist politics. We examine temporal regimes of the neoliberal university and their embodied effects. We then consider strategies for slowing scholarship with the objective of contributing to the slow scholarship movement. This slowing down represents both a commitment to good scholarship, teaching, and service and a collective feminist ethics of care that challenges the accelerated time and elitism of the neoliberal university. Above all, we argue in favor of the slow scholarship movement and contribute some resistance strategies that foreground collaborative, collective, communal ways forward.
This article examines transnational framings of domestic carceral landscapes to better understand... more This article examines transnational framings of domestic carceral landscapes to better understand the relationship between offshore and onshore enforcement and detention regimes. US detention on mainland territory and interception and detention in the Caribbean serves as a case study. While the US domestic carceral regime is a subject of intense political debate, research, and activism, it is not often analyzed in relation to the development and expansion of an offshore “buffer zone” to intercept and detain migrants and asylum seekers. Yet the US federal government has also used offshore interception and detention as a way of controlling migration and mobility to its shores. This article traces a Cold War history of offshore US interception and detention of migrants from and in the Caribbean. We discuss how racialized crises related to Cuban and Haitian migrations by sea led to the expansion of an intertwined offshore and onshore carceral regime. Tracing these carceral geogra- phies offers a more transnational understanding of contemporary domestic landscapes of detention of foreign nationals in the United States. It advances the argument that the conditions of remoteness ascribed frequently to US detention sites must be understood in more transnational perspective.
My riff on my book in the context of midcentury kitchen cabinets salvaged from Spring Valley/Deat... more My riff on my book in the context of midcentury kitchen cabinets salvaged from Spring Valley/Death Valley, the birthplace of US chemical weapons of mass destruction.
This book review symposium for Shiloh Krupar's Hot Spotter's Report includes an introduction by m... more This book review symposium for Shiloh Krupar's Hot Spotter's Report includes an introduction by myself, reviews from Julie Sze, Ryan Griffis, and Cindi Katz, and a response by Shiloh Krupar
review of Fiona McConnell, Nick Megoran and Philippa Williams (eds), Geographies of Peace, London... more review of Fiona McConnell, Nick Megoran and Philippa Williams (eds), Geographies of Peace, London: I.B.Tauris, 2014.
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Books by Jenna Loyd
Much of the scholarship of post-World War II US cities focuses either on the importance of war and the military-industrial complex to metropolitan and regional shifts, or on social and political conflicts within cities. This book grounds the era’s activism within the political geography of Los Angeles’ defense economy, an approach that can hopefully invigorate more in-depth studies of the relations between militarization and political mobilization in specific places. Resituating health politics within the militarized geographies and political movements from which they emerge enables me to trace the far broader conceptualizations of healthy living for which the Black freedom, antiwar and women’s movements fought.
The focus on popular struggles for health – welfare, housing, jobs, parks, child care, a clean environment, peace, and justice – aims to capture the spirit and breadth of health demands that animated these movements, and sometimes drew them together. In highlighting how violence and social inequalities become objects of health activism, this book elucidates a theory of health and social change that stands at odds with those framed in terms of medical institutions, professional reform and individual responsibility. Such dominant understandings often have worked ideologically to isolate bodily harms from the social relations that systematically shape life possibilities. To that end, Health Rights are Civil Rights questions the ways in which narratives of the women’s health movement have been tethered to dominant health understandings. Resituating welfare and peace within this history profoundly alters white feminist paradigms of women’s health and reproductive rights activism. Ultimately, the book’s exploration of state violence as a health issue is perhaps the most sweeping departure from the dominant health ideology. But it was also this premise that enabled antiwar, welfare, and civil rights groups to organize for urban reconstruction as a shared project of peace and freedom. It also enabled to see how institutional reforms like universal health care and a guaranteed income were made impossible by a militarized economy.
Working at a range of geographic scales and locations, contributors examine concrete and ideological connections among prisons, migration policing and detention, border fortification, and militarization. They challenge the idea that prisons and borders create safety, security, and order, showing that they can be forms of coercive mobility that separate loved ones, disempower communities, and increase shared harms of poverty. Walls and cages can also fortify wealth and power inequalities, racism, and gender and sexual oppression.
As governments increasingly rely on criminalization and violent measures of exclusion and containment, strategies for achieving change are essential. Beyond Walls and Cages develops abolitionist, no borders, and decolonial analyses and methods for social change, showing how seemingly disconnected forms of state violence are interconnected. Creating a more just and free world—whether in the Mexico-U.S. borderlands, the Morocco-Spain region, South Africa, Idaho, or Philadelphia—requires that people who are most affected are central to building alternatives to global crosscurrents of criminalization and militarization.
Papers by Jenna Loyd
state, which together form a regime of carceral citizenship that is global in scope.Whereas geopolitics and migration policy tend to be understood as (inter-)national issues, I suggest that racial projects advanced at regional scales—regional racial formations—are important for understanding the uneven development of national policies. Examining the anti-Black roots of US border
and immigration policy, then, suggests a genealogy of global apartheid tied up in the ricochets
of slavery and empire.
Much of the scholarship of post-World War II US cities focuses either on the importance of war and the military-industrial complex to metropolitan and regional shifts, or on social and political conflicts within cities. This book grounds the era’s activism within the political geography of Los Angeles’ defense economy, an approach that can hopefully invigorate more in-depth studies of the relations between militarization and political mobilization in specific places. Resituating health politics within the militarized geographies and political movements from which they emerge enables me to trace the far broader conceptualizations of healthy living for which the Black freedom, antiwar and women’s movements fought.
The focus on popular struggles for health – welfare, housing, jobs, parks, child care, a clean environment, peace, and justice – aims to capture the spirit and breadth of health demands that animated these movements, and sometimes drew them together. In highlighting how violence and social inequalities become objects of health activism, this book elucidates a theory of health and social change that stands at odds with those framed in terms of medical institutions, professional reform and individual responsibility. Such dominant understandings often have worked ideologically to isolate bodily harms from the social relations that systematically shape life possibilities. To that end, Health Rights are Civil Rights questions the ways in which narratives of the women’s health movement have been tethered to dominant health understandings. Resituating welfare and peace within this history profoundly alters white feminist paradigms of women’s health and reproductive rights activism. Ultimately, the book’s exploration of state violence as a health issue is perhaps the most sweeping departure from the dominant health ideology. But it was also this premise that enabled antiwar, welfare, and civil rights groups to organize for urban reconstruction as a shared project of peace and freedom. It also enabled to see how institutional reforms like universal health care and a guaranteed income were made impossible by a militarized economy.
Working at a range of geographic scales and locations, contributors examine concrete and ideological connections among prisons, migration policing and detention, border fortification, and militarization. They challenge the idea that prisons and borders create safety, security, and order, showing that they can be forms of coercive mobility that separate loved ones, disempower communities, and increase shared harms of poverty. Walls and cages can also fortify wealth and power inequalities, racism, and gender and sexual oppression.
As governments increasingly rely on criminalization and violent measures of exclusion and containment, strategies for achieving change are essential. Beyond Walls and Cages develops abolitionist, no borders, and decolonial analyses and methods for social change, showing how seemingly disconnected forms of state violence are interconnected. Creating a more just and free world—whether in the Mexico-U.S. borderlands, the Morocco-Spain region, South Africa, Idaho, or Philadelphia—requires that people who are most affected are central to building alternatives to global crosscurrents of criminalization and militarization.
state, which together form a regime of carceral citizenship that is global in scope.Whereas geopolitics and migration policy tend to be understood as (inter-)national issues, I suggest that racial projects advanced at regional scales—regional racial formations—are important for understanding the uneven development of national policies. Examining the anti-Black roots of US border
and immigration policy, then, suggests a genealogy of global apartheid tied up in the ricochets
of slavery and empire.