company

Acknowledgement & Project Overview The aim of this project report is to estimate and calculate the approximate design of a 1MW solar PV power plant (utility scale). The total no. of solar panel required and the different parameters of the solar panel estimated. A site in West Bengal is taken virtually to estimate the solar intensity of the site which is most important for calculation of such type of report. A Single Line Diagram (SLD) has been introduced in this report. Also the brief details of the materials/equipments (solar panels, inverters, protective gears, transformer, SCADA etc.) used to set up a 1MW power plant have been highlighted. A financial overview with a possible income datasheet included in the project report Please give your feedback via email to this email address: amrit.mandal0191@gmail.com 1 Cont e nt s 1. Aim of the project 2. Financial overview 3. Global market price trends of solar panel 4. Technical Calculation/Estimation & Specification i. Solar panel ii. Inverter iii. Protective gears iv. SCADA system v. Transformer 5 . Single line diagram & Schematics 2 1 . Aim of t he proje c t Aim of this paper is to give an overview of a 1MW solar PV power plant (utility scale). How the project will work? 1. Using solar pv modules, solar power generates in DC which is converted into AC power and then using a power transformer the generated and modified AC power will be fed to the grid. 2. No battery storage introduced here because the plant will only functions in the daylight and here the generated power will be sold to the grid. 3. For the minimal operation and maintenance of the plant, an off-grid/stand alone 5KW solar power can be introduced. The benefits and the installation cost details are highlighted in the next article. 3 2. Financial Overview Installation cost, total project cost, maintenance cost and also the total & net income from the plant over a year are highlighted in this article. Installation cost 1. Solar panels i. German tech. 5.93 cr ii. China tech. 4.1 cr 2. Central inverters(4) 1 cr 3. Combiner + junction boxes 30 lacs 4. Protective gears arrangment 10 lacs 5. SCADA & Data logger system 10 lacs 6. Land bank 5 lacs (approx.) 7. Erection of project 10 lacs 8. Total project cost i. For German Tech. 7.58 cr ii. For China Tech 5.75 cr Maintenance cost 1. Human resource 20 lacs/ year 2. PV maintenance 1 lacs/ year 3. Site maintenance 1 lacs/ year 4. Total maintenance cost 22 lacs/ year 4 Income from the 1 MW solar PV plant The site chosen in West Bengal where daily sun hours=5 hrs through out the year. Maximum Solar intensity on the site= 6.18 KW-h/m2/day Total sunny days available in west Bengal = 255 days Income from plant 1. Daily units generated 5000 units 2. Yearly units generated 5000x365=1,825,000 units 3. Govt. pays per unit 12.5 / unit (i.e. state electricity board’s power purchase rate) (according to WBREDA 2011-12) 2.28 cr 4. Total income over the year 5. net income over the year 2.28-0.22=2.06 cr Govt. subsidiaries : Central govt. or MNRE dept. will pay 30% of the total project cost or provide low bank loan interest (whichever is less) For this project, by taking the 30% govt. subsidy over the installation cost, investment will be: i. 5.30 cr for German PV technology ii. 4.02 cr for China PV technology 5 Va r ia t ion of m a r k e t pr ice in de x sola r PV m odu le s: Fr om a u gu st , 2 0 1 1 t o a u gu st , 2 0 1 2 Pr ice t r e nds Augu st 2 0 1 2 Module type, origin €/ Wp Trend since 201207 Trend since 201201 Crystalline Germany 0.88 - 3.3 % - 17.8 % Crystalline China 0.61 - 4.7 % - 22.8 % Crystalline Japan 0.91 - 2.2 % - 13.3 % Thin film CdS/CdTe 0.59 - 1.7 % - 13.2 % Thin film a-Si 0.50 - 2.0 % - 16.7 % Thin film a-Si/µ-Si 0,57 - 3.4 % - 25.0 % Pr ice t r e nds Ju ly 2 0 1 2 Module type, origin €/ Wp Trend since 201206 Trend since 201201 Crystalline Germany 0.91 - 2.2 % - 15.0 % Crystalline China 0.64 - 3.0 % - 19.0 % Crystalline Japan 0.93 - 1.1 % - 11.4 % Thin film CdS/CdTe 0.60 0.0 % - 11.8 % Thin film a-Si 0.51 - 3.8 % - 15.0 % Thin film a-Si/µ-Si 0,59 - 4.8 % - 22.4 % 6 Pr ice t r e nds Jun e 2 0 1 2 Module type, origin €/ Wp Trend since 201205 Trend since 201201 Crystalline Germany 0.93 - 3.1 % - 13.1 % Crystalline China 0.66 - 4.3 % - 16.5 % Crystalline Japan 0.94 - 2.1 % - 10.5 % Thin film CdS/CdTe 0.60 - 1.6 % - 11.8 % Thin film a-Si 0.53 - 3.6 % - 11.7 % Thin film a-Si/µ-Si 0,62 - 4.6 % - 18.4 % Pr ice t r e nds Ma y 2 0 1 2 Module type, origin €/ Wp Trend since 201204 Trend since 201201 Crystalline Germany 0.96 - 3.0 % - 10.3 % Crystalline China 0.69 - 2.8 % - 12.7 % Crystalline Japan 0.96 - 2.0 % - 8.6 % Thin film CdS/CdTe 0.61 0.0 % - 10.3 % Thin film a-Si 0.55 - 1.8 % - 8.3 % Thin film a-Si/µ-Si 0,65 - 4.4 % - 14.5 % Pr ice t r e nds Apr il 2 0 1 2 Module type, origin €/ Wp Trend since 201203 Trend since 201201 Crystalline Germany 0.99 - 2.9 % - 7.5 % Crystalline China 0.71 - 4.1 % - 10.1 % Crystalline Japan 0.98 - 2.0 % - 6.7 % Thin film CdS/CdTe 0.61 0.0 % - 10.3 % Thin film a-Si 0.56 - 1.8 % - 6.7 % Thin film a-Si/µ-Si 0,68 - 4.2 % - 10.5 % 7 Pr ice t r e nds Ma r ch 2 0 1 2 Module type, origin €/ Wp Trend since 201202 Trend since 201201 Crystalline Germany 1.02 - 1.0 % - 4.7 % Crystalline China 0.74 - 3.9 % - 6.3 % Crystalline Japan 1.00 - 2.0 % - 4.8 % Thin film CdS/CdTe 0.61 - 3.2 % - 10.3 % Thin film a-Si 0.57 0.0 % - 5.0 % Thin film a-Si/µ-Si 0,71 - 1.4 % - 6.6 % Pr ice t r e nds Febr ua r y 2 0 1 2 Module type, origin €/ Wp Trend since 201201 Trend since 201101 Crystalline Germany 1.03 - 3.7 % - 39.7 % Crystalline China 0.77 - 2.5 % - 47.6 % Crystalline Japan 1.02 - 2.9 % - 37.4 % Thin film CdS/CdTe 0.63 - 7.4 % - 49.5 % Thin film a-Si 0.57 - 5.0 % - 47.0 % Thin film a-Si/µ-Si 0.72 - 5.3 % - 43.0 % Pr ice t r e nds Ja n ua r y 2 0 1 2 Module type, origin €/ Wp Trend since 201112 Trend since 201101 Crystalline Germany 1.07 - 4.5 % - 37.3 % Crystalline China 0.79 - 2.5 % - 46.3 % Crystalline Japan 1.05 - 4.5 % - 35.6 % Thin film CdS/CdTe 0.68 - 6.8 % - 45.5 % Thin film a-Si 0.60 - 6.3 % - 44.2 % Thin film a-Si/µ-Si 0.76 - 7.3 % - 39.8 % 8 Pr ice t r e nds D ece m be r 2 0 1 1 Module type, origin €/ Wp Trend since 201111 Trend since 201101 Crystalline Germany 1.12 - 4.8 % - 34.4 % Crystalline China 0.81 - 4.3 % - 44.9 % Crystalline Japan 1.10 - 3.6 % - 32.5 % Thin film CdS/CdTe 0.73 - 6.6 % - 41.5 % Thin film a-Si 0.64 - 4.9 % - 40.5 % Thin film a-Si/µ-Si 0.82 - 3.5 % - 35.1 % Pr ice t r e nds N ove m be r 2 0 1 1 Module type, origin €/ Wp Trend since 201110 Trend since 201101 Crystalline Germany 1.18 - 8.7 % - 31.1 % Crystalline China 0.85 - 7.7 % - 42.2 % Crystalline Japan 1.14 - 6.3 % - 30.0 % Thin film CdS/CdTe 0.78 - 6.9 % - 37.4 % Thin film a-Si 0.67 - 8.5 % - 37.4 % Thin film a-Si/µ-Si 0.85 - 5.0 % - 32.8 % Pr ice t r e nds Oct ober 2 0 1 1 Module type, origin €/ Wp Trend since 201109 Trend since 201101 Crystalline Germany 1.29 - 3.0 % - 24.5 % Crystalline China 0.92 - 6.2 % - 37.6 % Crystalline Japan 1.22 - 3.7 % - 25.3 % Thin film CdS/CdTe 0.84 - 8.8 % - 32.8 % Thin film a-Si 0.74 - 4.5 % - 31.6 % Thin film a-Si/µ-Si 0.89 - 3.9 % - 29.2 % 9 Pr ice t r e nds Sept e m be r 2 0 1 1 Module type, origin €/ Wp Trend since 201108 Trend since 201101 Crystalline Germany 1.33 - 4.4 % - 22.2 % Crystalline China 0.98 - 6.0 % - 33.5 % Crystalline Japan 1.27 - 4.7 % - 22.4 % Thin film CdS/CdTe 0.92 - 6.9 % - 26.3 % Thin film a-Si 0.77 - 9.6 % - 28.4 % Thin film a-Si/µ-Si 0,93 - 5.2 % - 26.4 % Pr ice t r e nds Augu st 2 0 1 1 Module type, origin €/ Wp Trend since 201107 Trend since 201101 Crystalline Germany 1.39 - 4.7 % - 18.6 % Crystalline China 1.04 - 7.1 % - 29.3 % Crystalline Japan 1.33 - 3.4 % - 18.5 % Thin film CdS/CdTe 0.99 - 3.7 % - 20.9 % Thin film a-Si 0.85 - 5.8 % - 20.8 % Thin film a-Si/µ-Si 0,98 - 1.8 % - 22.3 % 1.00 EUR = 69.3608 INR Euro Indian Rupee 1 EUR = 69.3608 INR 1 INR = 0.0144174 EUR 10 1.6 market scenario of solar PV modules aug,2012 1.4 jul,2012 EURO/Wp 1.2 jun,2012 may,2012 1 apr,2012 0.8 mar,2012 0.6 feb,2012 0.4 jan,2012 0.2 0 dec,2011 Crystalline Crystalline Crystalline Thin film Thin film a- Thin film aGermany China japan CdS/CdTe Si Si/µ-Si 11 nov,2011 oct,2011 Calculation details of solar modules overall ratings and no. of solar panel used Worksheet for determining required number of panels Total capacity of the plant 1MWp Avg. sun hrs per day 5 Total power/day 5MW p Total watt-hrs per day 5x1000x1000 W-h/day Maximum solar insolation at the site 6.18 KW-h/m2/day Divide total watt-hrs/day by solar insolation 809061.4887 Multiply this figure by 1.2(to cover system inefficiency) No. of solar panel=Divide this figure by the Wp(here 300Wp) of the chosen solar panel 809061.4887x1.2=970873.7864 3236.3 ~3236** **for better efficiency and to utilize the inverter and other components better we should consider the no. of solar panel=3240 12 Solar PV arrangement & overall system rating Rating of solar panel Wattp (W) DC Voltage (Vmp( V)) DC Current (Imp (A)) Open Circuit Voltage (Voc (V)) Short Circuit Current (Isc (A)) 300Wp 36.72V 8.17A 45.50 8.65 Setup of panels as per requirements By calculation and the demand of the plant, The total no. of solar pv panels to be used= 3236 From 3236 panels, total 3240 panels are considered to generate the required energy1MW. Configuration details: • • • 3240 panels are divided into 4 groups- each group containing 810 solar panels. In each group, 810 panels are further divided into 54 strings Each string contains 15 solar panels. Electrical calculation: Output voltage of each string Output current of each string Output voltage of each group Output current of each group 36.72x15=550.8 VDC 8.17 ADC 550.8 VDC 8.17x54=441.18 ADC NOTE: in each string, the solar panels are connected in series to increase the voltage. And in each group, the 54 strings are connected in parallel to increase the current. DC output power calculation: Output power of each string Output power of each group Output power of 4 groups 550.8x8.17=4.5 KW 243KW 972KW 13 • • • The above specifications are available with TITAN ENERGY SYSTEMS LTD. Their module spec TITAN M6-72 Polycrystalline (high efficiency) has been used as a reference. A datasheet/spec. sheet of TITAN M6-72 Polycrystalline has been provided in this report. Please go through it for more details. 14 Titan Energy Systems Ltd a member of SARSA group An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Company PV Module TITAN M6-72 Typical Electrical Characteristics Type Pmp (W) 265 Max Power TITAN M6-72 270 (W) Max Power Voltage Vmp(V) 34.33 34.75 35.04 Max Power Current Imp (A) 7.72 Open Circuit Voltage Voc (V) 43.27 7.77 7.85 7.96 43.70 43.99 44.28 Short Circuit Current Isc (A) 8.30 8.34 Electrical parameters tolerance Max System Voltage 285 290 295 8.39 35.18 8.46 35.63 36.12 36.51 8.00 8.03 8.08 44.42 44.78 45.00 8.49 8.53 8.56 VDC Number, type and arrangement of cells 72, Multi-Crystalline, 12 x 6 Matrix Cell Size 6” x 6” / 156 x 156 mm (A) 15 Pm Temperature Co-efficient (γ) Isc Temperature Co-efficient (α) (%/°C) (%/°C) -0.41 +0.04 (%/°C) -0.32 NOCT at STC (°C) 45±1 • TUV Certifications: EN IEC 61215 : 2005 EN IEC 61730-1 : 2004 / 2007 EN IEC 61730-2 : 2004 / 2007 EN IEC 61701 : 2010-02 • Withstands heavy loading due to snow & ice; Has higher safety margin for storm weather and gale winds Mechanical Characteristics No. of Drain Holes in Frame 12 • Qualified for Highly corrosive WetAtmospheres & Environments Glass Type and Thickness 4 mm Thick, Low iron, Tempered Limited Power Warranty : 90% @ 12 Years 80% @ 25 Years 8.17 8.65 Tyco / ZJRH / Huber + Suhner Junction Box Tyco / MC4 Type of connector Dimensions (L x W x Th) mm 1975 x 988 x 50 Weight Kg 27.0 Packing Configuration Packing Configuration 20 Modules in each pallet 1 * 20 Ft 200 Modules 1 * 40 Ft STD/HQ 400 modules Certifications Absolute Ratings Operating Temperature (°C) -40 ~ +85 Storage Temperature (°C) -40 ~ +85 NOTE: The data presented may change due to further improvements in the product. 15 8.25 45.50 45.58 3 Max Series Fuse Voc Temperature Co-efficient (β) 5 years 305 36.72 36.97 1000 • Positive power tolerance • High Efficiency Multi Crystalline Modules Product Guarantee : 300 ±5% No. of By-pass Diodes Strengths 280 +0 to 4.9Wp or ±2.5% Power Tolerance High Efficiency PV Modules 275 8.68 PV Module TITAN M6-72 Typical I-V Curves Current (A) 10.0 8.0 6.0 4.0 2 O 1000 W/m at 25 C 2 O 800 W/m at 25 C 2 O 600 W/m at 25 C 2 O 400 W/m at 25 C 2.0 200 W/m2 at 25O C 2 O 1000 W/m at 50 C 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 50.0 40.0 Voltage (V) Current/voltage dependence on irradiance and module temperature. These I-V curves indicate the effect of temperature and light intensity on module Performance. Dimensions Sl.No.Label 100+1mm 237.5+1 mm Terminal Box DATA Label Warning Label 592+1mm 375+1 mm 3.9 mm Ø EARTHING HOLES - 2 nos Embossed Earth Symbol (One on each long member) 8X12- MOUNTING SLOTS - 10 nos 591+1mm (5 on each long member) 100+1mm 1975± 1 mm 1975 ± 1mm 4 Sq mm Cable, 1Mtr Length with Connectors 592+1mm 4.5mm Ø DRAIN HOLES -12 nos 375+1 mm 943.5+1 mm 100+1mm 988± 1 mm FRONT VIEW 100+1 mm 50+0.5 mm 988+1 mm FRAME REAR VIEW SIDE RAIL PV Module Products M6-72 Family Series (305Wp to 125Wp) : M6-72, M6-60, M6-54 & M6-36 - Certified for IEC Standards M6-60: Certified for UL (USA & Canada) Standard; M6-72: Certification for UL (USA & Canada) is in Progress S6-60 Family Series (250Wp to 120Wp) : S6-60, S6-54 & S6-36 - Certified for IEC Standards S6-60 - Certified for UL (USA & Canada) Standard S6-72 Family Series (300Wp to 285Wp) : Certification for IEC & UL (USA & Canada) Standards S5-96 Family Series (250Wp to 75Wp) : S5-96, S5-72, S5-60, S5-54 & S5-36 - Certified for IEC Standards Corporate Office (India) : TITAN Energy Systems Ltd, 16, Aruna Enclave, Trimulgherry, Secunderabad – 500 015, INDIA Phone: +91 (0)40 27791085, 27790751 Fax: +91 (0)40 27795629 Email: info@titan-energy.com 16 Sales Office (Europe) : TITAN Energy Systems Ltd, Basel, 4052 Switzerland Phone: +41-6150-0052-9 Email: info.eu@titan-energy.com www.titan-energy.com Inverter Details & Specification Type of the inverter: central inverter considered Recommended specification Input (DC) Max input power DC voltage range, mpp (UDC) Maximum DC voltage (Umax (DC)) Maximum DC current (Imax (DC)) Voltage ripple Number of protected DC inputs (parallel) 300 kWp 450 to 750 V (- 825 V) 900 V (1000 V) 600 A < 3% 2 (+/-) / 8 Output (AC) 250 kW Nominal AC output power (PN (AC)) Nominal AC current (IN (AC)) Nominal output voltage (UN (AC)) Output frequency Harmonic distortion, current Power factor compensation (cosϕ ) Distribution network type • • • • 485 A 300 V 50 / 60 Hz < 3% Yes TN and IT To meet the above stated criteria, central inverter manufactured by ABB is considered. PVS800-57-0250kW-A inverter manufactured by ABB considered. Total 4 inverters of PVS800-57-0250kW-A type required to generate the 1MW power. Brief details of this inverter can be collected from the official website of ABB. 17 Solar inverters ABB central inverters PVS800 100 to 500 kW ABB central inverters raise reliability, efficiency and ease on installation to new levels. The inverters are aimed at system integrators and end users who require high performance solar inverters for large photovoltaic power plants and industrial and commercial buildings. The inverters are available from 100 kW up to 500 kW, and are optimized for cost-efficient multimegawatt power plants. World’s leading inverter platform The ABB solar inverters have been developed on the basis of decades of experience in the industry and proven technology platform. Unrivalled expertise from the world’s market and technology leader in variable speed AC and DC drives is the hallmark of the new solar inverter series. Based on ABB’s highly successful platform of industrial drives - the most widely used industrial drives on the market – the inverters are the most efficient and cost-effective way to convert the direct current generated by solar modules into high-quality and CO 2-free alternating current that can be fed into the power network. Solar inverters from ABB ABB central inverters are ideal for large photovoltaic power plants and medium sized power plants installed in commercial or industrial buildings. High efficiency, proven components, compact and modular design and a host of life cycle services ensures ABB central inverters provide a rapid return on investment. 18 Highlights − High efficiency and long operating life − Modular and compact product design − Extensive DC and AC side protection − Power factor compensation as standard − Fast and easy installation − Complete range of industrial-type data communication options, including remote monitoring − Life cycle service and support through ABB’s extensive global service network ABB central inverters Maximum energy and feed-in revenues ABB central inverters have a high efficiency level. Optimized and accurate system control and a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm ensure that maximum energy is delivered to the power network from the solar modules. For end users this generates the highest possible revenues from the feed-in tariffs now common in many countries. Proven ABB components The inverters comprise proven ABB components with a long track record of performance excellence in demanding applications and harsh environments. Equipped with extensive electrical and mechanical protection, the inverters are engineered to provide a long and reliable service life of at least 20 years. Compact and modular design The inverters are designed for fast and easy installation. The industrial design and modular platform provides a wide range of options like remote monitoring, fieldbus connection and integrated DC cabinets. The inverters are customized and configured to meet end user needs and are available with short delivery times. Effective connectivity ABB’s transformerless central inverter series enables system integrators to design the solar power plant using a combination of different power rating inverters, which are connected to the medium voltage grid centrally. In certain conditions, the ABB central inverter’s topology allows a parallel connection directly to the AC side, enabling electricity to be fed to the grid via a single transformer. This avoids the need for each central inverter to have its own transformer, thereby saving cost and space. However, in systems where the DC side needs to be grounded, an inverter dedicated winding within a transformer, or a separate transformer, must be used always. Technical data and types Type designation PVS800-57-0100kW-A PVS800-57-0250kW-A PVS800-57-0500kW-A 100 kW 250 kW 500 kW Input (DC) Recommended max input power (PPV) 1) 120 kWp 300 kWp 600 kW p DC voltage range, mpp (UDC) 450 to 750 V (- 825 V*) 450 to 750 V (- 825 V*) 450 to 750 V (- 825 V*) 900 V (1000 V*) Maximum DC voltage (U max (DC)) 900 V (1000 V*) 900 V (1000 V*) Maximum DC current (I max (DC)) 245 A 600 A 1145 A Voltage ripple < 3% < 3% < 3% Number of protected DC inputs (parallel) 1 (+/-) / 4 2) 2 (+/-) / 8 2) 4 (+/-) / 16 2) Output (AC) Nominal AC output power (PN (AC)) 100 kW 250 kW 500 kW Nominal AC current (IN (AC)) 195 A 485 A 965 A Nominal output voltage (UN (AC)) Output frequency 3) 4) Harmonic distortion, current 5) Power factor compensation (cosϕ) Distribution network type 6) 300 V 300 V 300 V 50 / 60 Hz 50 / 60 Hz 50 / 60 Hz < 3% < 3% < 3% Yes Yes Yes TN and IT TN and IT TN and IT 98.0% 98.0% 98.0% 97.5% 97.6% 97.6% < 350 W < 300 W < 600 W Efficiency Maximum Euro-eta 7) 7) Power consumption Own consumption in operation Standby operation consumption < appr. 55 W < appr. 55 W < appr. 55 W 230 V, 50 Hz 230 V, 50 Hz 230 V, 50 Hz Width / Height / Depth, mm (W / H / D) 1030 / 2130 / 644 1830 / 2130 / 644 3030 / 2130 / 644 Weight appr. 550 kg 1100 kg 1800 kg External auxiliary voltage 8) Dimensions and weight 1) 2) 3) 4) Inverter limits the power to a safe level Optional MCB inputs, 80 A each Grid voltage (+/- 10%) Grid frequency (48 to 63 Hz) 5) 6) 7) 8) At nominal power 300 V output must be IT type Without auxiliary power consumption at 450 V UDC 115 V, 60 Hz optional 2 ABB solar inverters | Product flyer for PVS800 19 * Max 1000 V DC input voltage as an option with mppt range 450 to 825 V. If DC is > 1000 VDC inverter is not damaged, but will not start. ABB central inverter design and grid connection EMC filter 3 Filter EMC filter PVS800 inverter Control and monitor EMC filter 3 Filter EMC filter PVS800 inverter Control and monitor Type designation PVS800-57-0100kW-A PVS800-57-0250kW-A PVS800-57-0500kW-A 100 kW 250 kW 500 kW Environmental limits Degree of protection IP22 / IP42 Ambient temperature range (nominal ratings) Maximum ambient temperature 11) Relative humidity, not condensing Maximum altitude (above sea level) 12) 10) 9) IP22 / IP42 -15 °C to +40 °C 9) IP22 / IP42 -15 °C to +40 °C 9) -15 °C to +40 °C +50 °C +50 °C +50 °C 15% to 95% 15% to 95% 15% to 95% 2000 m 2000 m 2000 m Maximum noise level 75 dBA 75 dBA Cooling air flow 1300 m 3/h 1880 m3/h 3760 m3/h Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 13) 75 dBA 13) Protection Ground fault monitoring Grid monitoring Anti-islanding 9) 9) 9) DC reverse polarity Yes Yes Yes AC and DC short circuit and over current Yes Yes Yes AC and DC over voltage and temperature Yes Yes Yes Local user interface ABB local control panel ABB local control panel ABB local control panel Analog inputs / outputs 1/2 1/2 1/2 Digital inputs / relay outputs 3/1 3/1 3/1 User interface and communications Fieldbus connectivity Modbus, PROFIBUS, Ethernet Product compliance Safety and EMC CE conformity according to LV and EMC directives Certifications and approvals Grid support 9) 10) 11) 12) 13) VDE, CEI, UNE, RD, EDF Reactive power compensation, Power reduction, Low voltage ride through 9) Optional Frosting is not allowed. May need optional cabinet heating. Power derating after 40 °C Power derating above 1000 m. Above 2000 m special requirements. At partial power typically < 70 dBA Product flyer for PVS800 | ABB solar inverters 3 20 ABB central inverter data communication principle Central inverter Central inverter 250 kWp solar array Local PC Field bus Medium voltage transformers Modbus Adapter module Internet Remote PC 3-phase 20 kV 250 kWp solar array 250 kWp solar array Central inverter Accessories − Solar array junction boxes with string monitoring − Remote monitoring solutions − Warranty extensions possible − Solar inverter care contracts Central inverter Options − Increased IP ratings for cabinets − Integrated DC input extension cabinets − AC output grounding switch − Cabinet heating − I/O extensions − Extended voltage range, 1000 VDC max. − DC grounding (negative฀and฀positive)฀ − Fieldbus and Ethernet connections Support and service ABB supports its customers with a dedicated service network in more than 60 countries and provides a complete range of life cycle services from installation and commissioning to preventative maintenance, spare parts, repairs and recycling. For more information contact your local ABB representative or visit: www.abb.com/solar www.abb.com © Copyright 2011 ABB. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Integrated DC input extension cabinets Junction box with monitoring 21 3AUA0000057380 REV F EN 21.4.2011 #15642 250 kWp solar array Protection and safety measurements A schematic of the protection system 22 The main protections and protective gears are named here. DC Side Protection 1. Fuses A. for string protection B. Fuses for array/inverter input protection 2. Fuse holdersA. B. C. D. E. For string protection Panel mount fuse holder In-line fuse holders Array/inverter input protection Dead front fuse covers 3. Surge protection devices 4. DC switch A. Load break disconnect switches B. High power switches 5. Cooling devices A. Air and liquid cooled solutions 6. Wire management solutions A. Finger-safe power distribution blocks B. Finger-safe comb wiring bar 7. Ground-fault protection 23 AC Side Protection 1. Circuit breaker 2. Bar contractor 3. Insulation monitoring device 24 • For safety purpose and protection of the modules and plant equipments , protective gears from Schneider Electric have been considered for maximum benefits. • Details of safety measurements and protective gears provided by Schneider Electric given in their official website. 25 Solar SCADA system Data acquisition system for a solar plant is very important because it is important to monitor the over all system condition including input/output condition, temperature, solar insolation, weather condition, voltage/current fluctuation, output power condition, surge effect, load dispatch etc. So, in this point of view a compact system with well service provider need to be pointed out. ABB provides the monitoring facility/SCADA for solar (PV) power plants and the ABB inverter itself has an in-built SCADA system. So, for monitoring and controlling of the over all power system of the plant, ABB SOLAR SCADA system is recommended here. 26 Block diagram & SLD Block diagram representation of the system with SCADA & Data Logger facility 27 YIELD ASSESSMENT OF THE PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER PLANT Report number: PV-2037-1209-6 Issued: 23 September 2012 01:12 CET (GMT +0100) 2. PV system info 1. Site info Site name: Durgapur Bardhaman, West Bengal, India Coordinates: Elevation a.s.l.: Slope inclination: Slope azimuth: 23° 32' 37.84" N, 87° 22' 44.67" E 69 m 1° 61° northeast Annual global in-plane irradiation: 1942 kWh/m2 Annual air temperature at 2 m: 26.3 °C Installed power: Type of modules: Mounting system: Azimuth/inclinations: Inverter Euro eff.: DC / AC losses: Availability: 1000.0 kWp crystalline silicon (c-Si) fixed mounting, free standing 2 angles 180° (south) / 48° (winter), 17° (summer) 97.5% 5.5% / 1.5% 99.0% Annual average electricity production: Average performance ratio: 75.8% 1470.7 MWh Location on the map: http://solargis.info/imaps/#loc=23.543845,87.379074&tl=Google:Satellite&z=14 3. Geographic position Google Maps © 2012 Google 4. Terrain horizon and day length Left: Path of the Sun over a year. Terrain horizon (drawn by grey filling) and module horizon (blue filling) may have shading effect on solar radiation. Black dots show True Solar Time. Blue labels show Local Clock Time. Right: Change of the day length and solar zenith angle during a year. The local day length (time when the Sun is above the horizon) is shorter compared to the astronomical day length, if obstructed by higher terrain horizon. © 2012 GeoModel Solar s.r.o. page 1 of 4 Site: Durgapur, India, lat/lon: 23.5438°/87.3791° PV system: 1000.0 kWp, crystalline silicon, fixed 2 angles, azim. 180° (south), inclination W 48°, S 17° 5. Global horizontal irradiation and air temperature - climate reference Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Ghm Ghd Dhd T24 126 139 184 192 190 152 140 140 132 141 127 119 1782 4.05 4.96 5.93 6.42 6.12 5.08 4.51 4.51 4.40 4.56 4.25 3.83 4.88 2.10 2.23 2.56 2.93 3.28 3.17 2.98 2.92 2.66 2.34 2.13 2.04 2.61 18.1 22.1 27.1 31.8 33.7 32.0 29.3 28.4 27.4 25.2 21.8 18.7 26.3 Long-term monthly averages: Ghm Ghd Dhd T24 Monthly sum of global irradiation [kWh/m2] Daily sum of global irradiation [kWh/m2] Daily sum of diffuse irradiation [kWh/m2] Daily (diurnal) air temperature [°C] 6. Global in-plane irradiation Fixed surface, azimuth 180° (south), inclination. winter 48°, summer 17° Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Gim Gid Did Rid Shloss 166 168 189 196 185 146 135 139 137 157 163 161 1942 5.35 5.99 6.09 6.54 5.96 4.87 4.35 4.48 4.57 5.06 5.44 5.18 5.32 2.33 2.39 2.51 2.98 3.23 3.08 2.90 2.89 2.71 2.35 2.32 2.28 2.67 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.05 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Long-term monthly averages: Gim Gid Did Rid Monthly sum of global irradiation [kWh/m2] Daily sum of global irradiation [kWh/m2] Daily sum of diffuse irradiation [kWh/m2] Daily sum of reflected irradiation [kWh/m2] Shloss Losses of global irradiation by terrain shading [%] Average yearly sum of global irradiation for different types of surface: Horizontal Optimally inclined (24°) 2-axis tracking Your option © 2012 GeoModel Solar s.r.o. kWh/m2 1782 1905 2256 1941 Report number: PV-2037-1209-6 relative to optimally inclined 93.5% 100.0% 118.4% 101.9% Issued: 23 September 2012 01:12 CET (GMT +0100) page 2 of 4 Site: Durgapur, India, lat/lon: 23.5438°/87.3791° PV system: 1000.0 kWp, crystalline silicon, fixed 2 angles, azim. 180° (south), inclination W 48°, S 17° 7. PV electricity production in the start-up Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Esm Esd Etm Eshare PR 131 129 141 142 134 107 101 105 104 120 127 127 1470 4.24 4.61 4.55 4.74 4.32 3.59 3.27 3.39 3.47 3.88 4.24 4.10 4.03 131.3 129.1 141.0 142.1 134.0 107.7 101.5 105.1 104.1 120.3 127.3 127.2 1470.7 8.9 8.8 9.6 9.7 9.1 7.3 6.9 7.1 7.1 8.2 8.7 8.6 100.0 79.2 77.0 74.6 72.5 72.6 73.7 75.2 75.7 76.0 76.7 77.9 79.2 75.8 Long-term monthly averages: Esm Esd Etm Monthly sum of specific electricity prod. [kWh/kWp] Daily sum of specific electricity prod. [kWh/kWp] Monthly sum of total electricity prod. [MWh] Eshare PR Percentual share of monthly electricity prod. [%] Performance ratio [%] 8. System losses and performance ratio Energy conversion step Energy output Energy loss Energy loss [kWh/kWp] [kWh/kWp] [%] Performance ratio [partial %] [cumul. %] 1. Global in-plane irradiation (input) 1941 - - 100.0 100.0 2. Global irradiation reduced by terrain shading 1941 0 0.0 100.0 100.0 3. Global irradiation reduced by reflectivity 1886 -55 -2.8 97.2 97.2 4. Conversion to DC in the modules 1637 -249 -13.2 86.8 84.3 5. Other DC losses 1547 -90 -5.5 94.5 79.7 6. Inverters (DC/AC conversion) 1508 -39 -2.5 97.5 77.7 7. Transformer and AC cabling losses 1486 -22 -1.5 98.5 76.6 8. Reduced availability 1471 -15 -1.0 99.0 75.8 1471 -470 -24.2 - 75.8 Total system performance Energy conversion steps and losses: 1. Initial production at Standard Test Conditions (STC) is assumed, 2. Reduction of global in-plane irradiation due to obstruction of terrain horizon and PV modules, 3. Proportion of global irradiation that is reflected by surface of PV modules (typically glass), 4. Losses in PV modules due to conversion of solar radiation to DC electricity; deviation of module efficiency from STC, 5. DC losses: this step assumes integrated effect of mismatch between PV modules, heat losses in interconnections and cables, losses due to dirt, snow, icing and soiling, and self-shading of PV modules, 6. This step considers euro efficiency to approximate average losses in the inverter, 7. Losses in AC section and transformer (where applicable) depend on the system architecture, 8. Availability parameter assumes losses due to downtime caused by maintenance or failures. Losses at steps 2 to 4 are numerically modeled by pvPlanner. Losses at steps 5 to 8 are to be assessed by a user. The simulation models have inherent uncertainties that are not discussed in this report. Read more about simulation methods and related uncertainties to evaluate possible risks at http://solargis.info/doc/pvplanner/. © 2012 GeoModel Solar s.r.o. Report number: PV-2037-1209-6 Issued: 23 September 2012 01:12 CET (GMT +0100) page 3 of 4 Site: Durgapur, India, lat/lon: 23.5438°/87.3791° PV system: 1000.0 kWp, crystalline silicon, fixed 2 angles, azim. 180° (south), inclination W 48°, S 17° 9. SolarGIS v1.8 - description of the database SolarGIS is high-resolution climate database operated by GeoModel Solar s.r.o. with geographical extent covering Europe, Africa and Asia. Primary data layers include solar radiation, air temperature and terrain (elevation, horizon). Air temperature at 2 m: developed from CFSR data (© NOAA NCEP); years: 1991 - 2009; recalculated to 15-minute values. The data are spatially enhanced to 1 km resolution to reflect variability induced by high resolution terrain. Solar radiation: calculated from Meteosat satellite data; years: 1999 - 2011; 30-minute values - global horizontal and direct normal irradiance. This estimation assumes year having 365 days. Occasional deviations in calculations may occur as a result of mathematical rounding and cannot be considered as a defect of algorithms. More information about the applied data and algorithms can be found at: http://solargis.info/doc/pvplanner/. 10. Service provider GeoModel Solar s.r.o., Milana Marečka 3, 84107 Bratislava, Slovakia; Registration ID: 45 354 766, VAT Number: SK2022962766; Registration: Business register, District Court Bratislava I, Section Sro, File 62765/B 11. Mode of use This report shows solar power estimation in the start-up phase of a PV system. The estimates are accurate enough for small and medium-size PV systems. For large projects planning and financing, more information may be needed: 1. Statistical distribution and uncertainty of solar radiation 2. Detailed specification of a PV system 3. Interannual variability and P90 uncertainty of PV production 4. Lifetime energy production considering performance degradation of PV components. More information about full PV yield assessment can be found at: http://solargis.info/doc/pvreports/. 12. Disclaimer and legal information Considering the nature of climate fluctuations, interannual and long-term changes, as well as the uncertainty of measurements and calculations, GeoModel Solar s.r.o. cannot take full guarantee of the accuracy of estimates. The maximum possible has been done for the assessment of climate conditions based on the best available data, software and knowledge. GeoModel Solar s.r.o. shall not be liable for any direct, incidental, consequential, indirect or punitive damages arising or alleged to have arisen out of use of the provided report. This report is copyright to © 2012 GeoModel Solar s.r.o., all rights reserved. SolarGIS® is a trade mark of GeoModel Solar s.r.o. 13. Contact information This report has been generated by Mr. AMRIT MANDAL, KOLKATA, 700023 WEST BENGAL, India © 2012 GeoModel Solar s.r.o. Report number: PV-2037-1209-6 Issued: 23 September 2012 01:12 CET (GMT +0100) page 4 of 4