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Eliciting an auditory perception by means of mechanical transduction bypassing the peripheral hearing apparatus has been recorded as early as the 16th century. Excluding its audiometric use to assess ear pathology, bone and soft tissue conduction has received very little interest until the last two decades. Previous work during this time (Stanley and Walker 2006, MacDonald and Letowski 2006) has indicated robust lateralization is feasible via mechanical transduction. We have extended this, adding the front-back and up-down axes.
2014 •
We describe experiments using multiple cranial transducers to achieve auditory spatial perceptual impressions via bone (BC) and tissue conduction (TC), bypassing the peripheral hearing apparatus. This could be useful in cases of peripheral hearing damage or where ear-occlusion is undesirable. Previous work (e.g. Stanley and Walker 2006, MacDonald and Letowski 2006) 1,2 indicated robust lateralization is feasible via tissue conduction. We have utilized discrete signals, stereo and first order ambisonics to investigate control of externalization, range, direction in azimuth and elevation, movement and spaciousness. Early results indicate robust and coherent effects. Current technological implementations are presented and potential development paths discussed.
ABSTRACT We report on on-going work investigating the feasibility of using tissue conduction to evince auditory spatial perception. Early results indicate that it is possible to coherently control externalization, range, directionality (including elevation), movement and some sense of spaciousness without presenting acoustic signals to the outer ear. Signal control techniques so far have utilised discrete signal feeds, stereo and 1st order ambisonic hierarchies. Some deficiencies in frontal externalization have been observed. We conclude that, whilst the putative components of the head related transfer function are absent, empirical tests indicate that coherent equivalents are perceptually utilisable. Some implications for perceptual theory and technological implementations are discussed along with potential practical applications and future lines of enquiry.
International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts
TOUCH YOUR SOUND: A REVIEW ON HEARING BASED BONE CONDUCTION TECHNOLOGY.2020 •
Humans have an amazing ability of spatializing and locating the sound. Having such ability, is a clear evolutionary advantage. The auditory system uses various cues for the location of sound source, such as time and level differences between both ears and spectral information. The vision of paper is to describe the process of reproducing a more natural stereophonic sound giving a realistic sensation despite of the influence of variances in the shapes of ears or an irregularity of the recording system or the reproducing system, through a combination of an air conduction sound produced through bone conduction by an acoustic output device. Provided is an acoustic output device having an air conduction sound providing unit configured to provide an air conduction sound and a bone conduction sound providing unit configured to provide a bone conduction sound.
IJCRT - International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) IJCRT.ORG
Touch Your Sound: A Review on Hearing Based Bone Coduction Technology2020 •
Multisensory Research
Ears on the Hand: Reaching Three-Dimensional Targets With an Audio-Motor DeviceUnderstanding the processes underlying sensorimotor coupling with the environment is crucial for sensorimotor rehabilitation and sensory substitution. In doing so, devices which provide novel sensory feedback consequent to body movement may be optimized in order to enhance motor performance for particular tasks. The aim of the study reported here was to investigate audio-motor coupling when the auditory experience is linked to movements of the head or the hands. The participants had to localize and reach a virtual source with the dominant hand in response to sounds. An electromagnetic system recorded the position and orientation of the participants’ head and hands. This system was connected to a 3D audio system that provided binaural auditory feedback on the position of the virtual listener located on the participants’ body. The listener’s position was computed either from the hands or from the head. For the hand condition, the virtual listener was placed on the dominant hand (the o...
Academia
The-Intertestamental2024 •
Periode intertestamental atau periode deuterokanonika adalah periode waktu antara peristiwa-peristiwa dalam kitab-kitab protokanonika dan Perjanjian Baru. Secara tradisional, periode ini dianggap mencakup sekitar empat ratus tahun, yang mencakup masa pelayanan Maleakhi hingga kemunculan Yohanes Pembaptis pada awal abad ke-1.
ANNUR Journal of Arabic and Islamic Studies, Yobe State University
DEMYSTIFYING THE NATURE AND DYNAMICS OF HAMAS AS AN ISLAMIC POLITICAL MOVEMENT2012 •
This paper analyses and consider the changing fortunes of Palestinian movement, HAMAS, through the proper understanding of its evolution, methods and strategies and impact and role it is playing in the liberation of the Palestinian state. The example of HAMAS challenges demonstrates in the paper have also show how efforts have been made by internal and external forces to separate HAMAS from its popular support and network of social, charitable and political activities but to no avail. The paper equally considers this Islamist political movement in the context of local, national and international goals, which can be persuaded to achieve a political and religious goal. HAMAS offers a fascinating instance of the dynamics of political and strategic action and reactions, and the modification of its modus operandi away from aggressive deterrence, as well as its evolution in the Islamist movement planning and operations in the political arena. Therefore, this work in its descriptive approach is offered to those who wish to consider this particular aspect of the Palestinian-Israeli-Arab conflict which has attracted much attention to the world.
Anatolia Antiqua
Revisiting Edessa’s Funerary Portrait Habit2023 •
Bobou, O., Healey, J. & Raja, R. (2023). "Revisiting Edessa’s Funerary Portrait Habit", Anatolia Antiqua XXXI, 1-52.
2012 •
Da fiscalização da constitucionalidade e da legalidade no âmbito das Regiões Autónomas
Da fiscalização da constitucionalidade e da legalidade no âmbito das Regiões Autónomas2019 •
International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
Office Administration System2023 •
Investigacion y Docencia Univeristaria
INVESTIGACIÓN CUANTITATIVA Y CUALITATIVA NIVEL AVANZADO2019 •
Epidemiology: Open Access
The Parental Use of Antibiotics in Children in Saudi Arabia2015 •
Saúde e Sociedade
Manifestações de violência institucional no contexto da atenção em saúde às mulheres em situação de violência sexual2020 •
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
Impact of the sintering temperature on the structural, magnetic and electrical transport properties of doped La0,67Ba0,33Mn0,9Cr0,1O3 manganite2012 •
Journal of English and Arabic Language Teaching
The Difficult Items Analysis in Listening Test at Senior High School 1 Tambang2018 •
2011 •
Antioxidants & Redox Signaling
Insights into Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Aging, Amyloid-β, and Tau–A Deleterious Trio2012 •
2019 •
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
Evaluation of Rainwater Quality in Some Polluted Locations within Erbil Province2023 •