Related Papers
Manusia adalah mahluk sosial yang tidak terlepas dari suatu hubungan dengan sesamanya, terdapat banyak hal yang dapat menghubungkan individu yang satu dengan individu yang lain, salah satunya dengan komunikasi. Jadi, apa sebenarnya tujuan komunikasi, manfaat berkomunikasi, dan hal hal yang perlu diperhatikan jika berkomunikasi. Komunikasi sangatlah penting karena komunikasi merupakan pusat kehidupan kita sebagai manusia. Komunikasi yang efektif dapat membantu kita dalam berbagai hal yang terjadi dalam kehidupan sehari hari sehingga akan mempererat hubungan individu yang satu dengan individu yang lain, dari berbagai sumber yang telah dibaca terdapat banyak hal yang menjadikan komunikasi penting, antara lain: 1. Sebagai kebutuhan sosial Komunikasi sebagai kebutuhan sosial mengisyaratkan bahwa peran komuikasi penting dalam konsep diri, kebahagian antar individu, dan hubungan emosional. ▪ Konsep diri Konsep diri adalah pandangan kita mengenai apa yang kita miliki dan tidak dimiliki serta pandangan mengenai siapa diri kita. Aspek aspek seperti agama, pependidikan, pengalaman, dan lain sebagainya kita tanam kepada diri kita lewat pernyataan orang lain dalam masyarakat yang menegaskan tentang aspek aspek tersebut yang menimbulkan suatu komunikasi sehingga terbentuk interaksi. ▪ Kebahagian antar individu Komunikasi sosial mengisyaratkan bahwa komunikasi merupakan kebutuhan diri untuk merasa terhibur, nyaman, dan tentram dengan diri sendiri dan lingkungan sekitar. Sebagai contoh, dua orang akan menghabiskan waktu berjam jam dengan topik yang berganti ganti tanpa mencapai tujuan yang telah ditetapkan sebelumnya meskipun tidak ada maksud yang jelas dalam pembicaraan tersebut namun pembicaraan itu membuat keduanya senang. ▪ Hubungan emosional
Download
Introduction:
In sustainable development, Arindam Ghosh, a stalwart at the Circular Economy Cell in NITI Aayog, ardently advocates for the infusion of circular economy principles into India's policy framework. This policy brief emanates from a passionate dedication to sustainability, aspiring to illuminate a comprehensive path towards integrating food-grade recycled plastics into the core of the Indian food industry.
1. Competing Interests and Stakeholder Analysis:
Harmony Amidst Diverse Interests:
The intricate web of stakeholders in the sustainability discourse requires a delicate understanding of their interests and concerns.
• Food Industry: Balancing economic prosperity with sustainability ambitions is a nuanced challenge. Acknowledging concerns about the safety of recycled plastics in food packaging is pivotal for ethical progress.
• Recycling Facilities: The reliance on recycling facilities for a constant stream of top-tier recycled plastics demands immediate attention and supportive structures.
• Consumers: The pulse of public opinion, awareness, and acceptance must be understood to instil change.
• Government Agencies: Cultivating regulatory harmony and a conducive ecosystem for sustainable practices is crucial for fostering collective success.
2. Enhancing Collection and Sorting Infrastructure:
Sustainable Infrastructure Proposals:
Building a sustainable future requires substantial efforts to fortify the infrastructure supporting the circular economy.
• Investment in Infrastructure: Rally for substantial public and private investments to modernise collection and sorting facilities. This ensures a continuous supply of premium food-grade recycled plastics.
• Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs): Advocate for collaborative endeavours between government agencies, recycling facilities, and the food industry. Such partnerships can forge pathways to efficient and scalable infrastructure.
• Standardisation: Champion industry-wide standards for collecting, sorting, and processing recycled plastics. A standardised approach ensures unwavering quality.
• Incentivize Innovation: Support research and development initiatives, sparking innovations in plastic recycling technologies. This not only fosters efficiency but also contributes to reducing costs.
3. Information, Education, and Communication (IEC) Campaigns:
Sowing Seeds of Awareness:
The success of any sustainable initiative hinges on the active participation and understanding of the masses.
• Educational Campaigns: Launch targeted campaigns to enlighten consumers about the merits of embracing food-grade recycled plastics. Emphasise stringent safety standards and the profound environmental impact of such choices.
• Certification Programs: Introduce certification programs acting as beacons of transparency and trust in the supply chain. These programs validate products utilising recycled plastics, instilling confidence in consumers.
• Collaboration with Influencers: Mobilize the influence of social media personalities and thought leaders to amplify the message of sustainable choices and foster acceptance.
• Inclusive Messaging: Craft narratives that celebrate the positive environmental footprint of consumer choices. This addresses safety concerns through transparent communication and fosters a sense of responsibility.
4. Production-Linked Incentive/Plastic Credit Scheme:
Incentivising Sustainability:
Incentive schemes are pivotal in driving transformative change and encouraging sustainable practices.
• Production-Linked Incentive: Propose a visionary incentive scheme endorsed by the government, rewarding companies championing the use of food-grade recycled plastics. This propels them into the vanguard of market competitiveness.
• Plastic Credit System: Envision a plastic credit system where companies earn credits for each ton of recycled plastic. This creates a market for sustainable practices, fostering innovation and economic benefits.
• Tax Benefits: Advocate for tax benefits and subsidies for enterprises demonstrating unwavering commitment to plastic recycling and embracing sustainable practices. This not only rewards sustainable behaviour but also supports businesses in their transition.
5. Safety Considerations in Food Packaging:
The critics' apprehensions about safety risks associated with recycled plastic in food packaging deserve meticulous attention.
• Research and Development: Invest in robust research to identify and mitigate potential risks. Collaborate with scientific institutions to ensure the safety of recycled plastics in food packaging.
• Regulatory Framework: Develop and strengthen regulations that mandate rigorous testing and certification for food-grade recycled plastics. This instils confidence in both consumers and industry players.
• Industry Collaboration: Foster collaboration between the food industry, regulatory bodies, and research institutions to collectively address safety concerns. This collaborative effort ensures a holistic perspective on the issue.
6. Global and Local Dynamics:
Understanding the global context and the intricacies of the local landscape is imperative for crafting effective policies.
• Global Trends: Acknowledge global trends in plastic usage and recycling. Leverage international best practices and collaborations to enrich the Indian approach.
• Local Industry Dynamics: Tailor strategies to the specific dynamics of the Indian food industry. Consider the diversity of players, sizes of businesses, and regional variations to ensure inclusivity.
• Policy Alignment: Align proposed policies with existing national and state-level regulations. Ensure coherence to avoid contradictions and facilitate seamless implementation.
7. Long-term Impact Assessment:
Successfully integrating food-grade recycled plastics into the food industry necessitates a comprehensive assessment of its long-term impact.
• Environmental Impact: Evaluate the reduction in carbon footprint and conservation of resources resulting from adopting recycled plastics. Measure the positive contribution to environmental sustainability.
• Economic Viability: Assess the benefits of reduced dependence on virgin plastics. Examine the recycling industry's job creation, innovation, and growth potential.
• Social Implications: Consider the social implications of sustainable practices, including enhanced brand reputation, consumer loyalty, and community engagement. Gauge the societal benefits arising from responsible corporate behaviour.
In conclusion, the Indian food and beverage packaging industry is rapidly expanding, with an expected annual growth rate of 14.8%, reaching $86 billion by 2029. Factors such as urbanization, rising incomes, and shifting consumption patterns are driving this growth. Post-COVID-19, demand for natural food ingredients is rising, influenced by new FSSAI regulations. The market shift towards packaged products, valued at approximately Rs 20,000 crore annually, signifies changing consumer preferences. Sustainability is a key focus, with the industry moving towards plastic-free and mono-packaging materials. Expected to add 9 million jobs by 2024, the sector aims to quadruple India's annual household consumption by 2030. With an estimated current size of $322 billion, the industry aims to reach $543 billion by 2025, emphasizing innovation, particularly in organic and health food categories, to meet evolving consumer demands and increase its contribution to GDP from 8% to 20%.
Download
Hembygdsjournalen, 2023
A short article on the runestone Vs 13 at Anundshög in Västerås, Västmanland, with some thoughts about its inscription and ornamentation.
Download
Pre-Feasibility Study
Download
Download
City, Citizen, Citizenship, 400–1500 A Comparative Approach, 2024
As Baghdad and Cairo were among the most populous cities of the medieval period, water management was of key importance to the survival of these urban areas. Many people and institutions were involved in this enterprise, from the ruling authorities undertaking large projects to the humble but vital water carriers. In the Islamic world, water provision was traditionally connected to charity as well, with various ḥadīths even presenting this as the best form of almsgiving. This chapter focuses on the role charity played in water provision in early Abbasid Baghdad (second–third century AH/eighth–ninth century CE) and Mamluk Cairo (ninth/fifteenth century), paying special attention to the institution of waqf (Islamic endowment), through which such charitable endeavours were often managed. By examining two reservoirs in Baghdad, the Pond of Zalzal and Haylāna’s Tank and the highly organised sabīls of Mamluk Cairo, where passers-by were offered a cup of fresh water, this comparative study uncovers interesting trends in the way charitable water provision was integrated into the urban fabric as well as in the motivations of, and expectations placed upon, members of different elite groups in their respective cities and periods.
Download
Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; Servei de cardiologia; Desconfinament; Mesures de proteccióCoronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; Servicio de cardiología; Desconfinamiento; Medidas de protecciónCoronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; Cardiology service; No confinement; Protection measuresAquest document recull les recomanacions de les societats científiques i professionals, per encàrrec del CatSalut i sota la coordinació del Pla Director de Malalties de l’Aparell Circulatori, pel retorn d’activitat de la pràctica clínica en els serveis de cardiologia en l’escenari actual de brot de COVID-19
Download
Physical Review B, 2005
Download
Journal of Virology, 1996
PCR-in situ hybridization (PCR-ISH) was developed and utilized to determine the distribution of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) tax proviral DNA in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from patients with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). PCR-ISH of HTLV-1 tax DNA in PBL from patients with HAM/TSP revealed that 1 in 5,000 to 1 in 10,000 PBL contained virus. PCR-ISH was sensitive, because a positive signal was consistently demonstrated from the HTLV-1-infected cell lines HUT-102 (which contains four to six copies of HTLV-1 proviral DNA per cell) and MT-1 (which contains one to three copies of HTLV-1 proviral DNA per cell). Also, intracellular amplification by PCR-ISH significantly increased sensitivity compared with conventional ISH and was shown to be specific for HTLV-1 tax DNA. These results are in contrast to solution-phase PCR amplification in which greater than 1% of cells were estimated to be infected. The discordance between the...
Download
Microscopy and Microanalysis
Download
El presente artículo de reflexión, ofrece un análisis sobre el papel del lector y los procesos lectores (“Estética de la recepción”), la alfabetización literaria y las didácticas de lectura al interior del salón de clase. Así, más allá de “academizar a la literatura” o “pedagogizarla”, se trata de convertir a la educación en medio de comprensión de la narrativa urbana, donde ella no se enseña, se comparte; no se aprende, se interioriza; no se evalúa, se expresa a partir de las representaciones sociales producidas por y en los estudiantes.
Download
O objetivo deste estudo e compreender as razoes e os resultados provenientes do processo de Transformacao Digital que as empresas realizam. Utilizou-se o metodo de revisao de literatura de estudos empiricos publicados em periodicos com reputacao de alta qualidade. Os estudos analisados destacaram a preocupacao das empresas em relacao a melhoria da experiencia do cliente; criacao de valor; geracao de receita; desenvolvimento de competencias e de capacidade de adaptacao empresariais e pessoais. Revelou-se, tambem, o quanto a dinâmica de interacao entre empresa, escola ou governo com clientes, alunos ou sociedade e importante para tomada de decisao, bem como o papel de lider no processo de Transformacao Digital. Trabalhos futuros podem ser realizados por meio da utilizacao de outros metodos de pesquisa e podem ampliar os resultados obtidos com esta pesquisa, incluindo-se mais estudos empiricos disponiveis na literatura.
Download
PLoS computational biology, 2014
Human red blood cells (RBCs) lose ∼30% of their volume and ∼20% of their hemoglobin (Hb) content during their ∼100-day lifespan in the bloodstream. These observations are well-documented, but the mechanisms for these volume and hemoglobin loss events are not clear. RBCs shed hemoglobin-containing vesicles during their life in the circulation, and this process is thought to dominate the changes in the RBC physical characteristics occurring during maturation. We combine theory with single-cell measurements to investigate the impact of vesiculation on the reduction in volume, Hb mass, and membrane. We show that vesicle shedding alone is sufficient to explain membrane losses but not volume or Hb losses. We use dry mass measurements of human RBCs to validate the models and to propose that additional unknown mechanisms control volume and Hb reduction and are responsible for ∼90% of the observed reduction. RBC population characteristics are used in the clinic to monitor and diagnose a wide...
Download
Bahia Análise & Dados, 2023
Download
Keep reading this paper — and 50 million others — with a free account
Sign up or log in to read or download the full paper for free.