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2010, Science & Justice
2008 •
The relationship between diet, geographic location and isotopic composition of human tissue has been successfully exploited in archaeological and palaeodietary studies, i.e. on ancient man, but cases in which this approach has been applied to present-day people e.g. to aid identification of mutilated or deteriorated bodies are far and few between. Stable isotope data are presented here from a case where for the first time stable isotope based intelligence aided victim identification by DNA analysis and subsequent apprehension of the perpetrators thus demonstrating that it is possible in principal for stable isotope data of present-day people to be useful for human provenancing, i.e. to yield valuable information about a person's life history and geographic origin.
Continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry (CF-IRMS) was used to compare 2H isotopic composition at natural abundance level of human scalp hair and fingernail samples collected from subjects worldwide with interpolated d2H precipitation values at corresponding locations. The results showed a strong correlation between d2H values of meteoric water and hair (r2 = 0.86), while the corresponding correlation for nails was not as strong (r2¼0.6). Offsets of -180%and -127%were observed when calculating solutions of the linear regression analyses for d2H vs. d18O correlation plots of hair and nail samples, respectively. Compared with the +10% offset of the global meteoric water line equation these findings suggested that d18O data from hair and nail would be of limited diagnostic value. The results of this pilot study provide for the first time tentative correlations of 2H isotopic composition of human hair and nails with local water. Linear regression analyses for measured d2Hvalues of human hair and nails vs. water yielded d2H(hair) = 0.49d2H(water) - 35 and d2H(nails) = 0.38d2H(water) - 49, respectively. The results suggest that 2H isotopic analysis of hair and nail samples can be used to provide information regarding an individual’s recent geographical life history and, hence, location. The benefit of this technique is to aid identification of victims of violent crime and mass disasters in circumstances where traditional methods such as DNA and fingerprinting cannot be brought to bear (or at least not immediately).
Annals of Anthropological Practice
Application of Stable Isotope Forensics for Predicting Region of Origin of Human Remains from Past Wars and Conflicts2014 •
ABSTRACT The application of stable isotope analysis has provided novel approaches for provenancing unidentified human remains from forensic contexts. Stable isotope ratios measured in human tissues provide a record of the foods consumed during life as well as the geographic location where drinking water or food was obtained. This study begins with an overview of the application of stable isotope analysis for provenancing human remains, followed by three cases that illustrate how chemical signatures in bone reflect a probable region of origin. Using stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes of human bone, we test whether human skeletal remains recovered by the Joint POW/MIA Accounting Command-Central Identification Laboratory (JPAC-CIL, or CIL) reflect a geographic origin within North America or Asia. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes of human bone collagen and stable carbon isotopes of bone apatite reflect consumption of food resources that are expected to vary between world regions due to cultural dietary differences. Based on the isotopic differences, a testable hypothesis of geographic origin can be applied, determining if the remains are more likely of a U.S. service person or of an indigenous local. We believe that this approach can provide useful information for narrowing search parameters in unidentified persons cases; can contribute to human rights cases where an unknown individual is thought to originate from a different geographic area; and, in human remains cases of unknown geographic provenience, can determine whether a person is local or nonlocal.
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry
The role of stable isotopes in human identification: a longitudinal study into the variability of isotopic signals in human hair and nails2006 •
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry
Stable2H isotope analysis of modern-day human hair and nails can aid forensic human identification2007 •
Forensic Science and Humanitarian Action
Basic principles of stable isotope analysis in humanitarian forensic science2020 •
Stable isotope analysis of biogenic tissues such as tooth enamel and bone mineral has become a well-recognised and increasingly important method for determining the provenance of human remains, and it has been used successfully in bio-archaeological studies as well as forensic investigations. In particular, 18O and 2H stable isotope signatures of bone and hair, respectively, are well-established proxies of climate (temperature) and source water and are therefore considered as indicators of geographic life trajectories of animals and humans. While the methodology for 2H analysis of human hair, fingernails, and bone collagen is currently used to determine human provenance, i.e. geographic origin and identify possible migration patterns, studies involving the analysis of 2H in tooth enamel appear to be nonexistent in the scientific literature. Ground tooth enamel was analysed by continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) coupled on-line to a high-temperature conversion elemental analyser (TC/EA). An array of tooth enamel samples from archaeological and modern teeth has been analysed under different experimental conditions, and the results of this proof-of-concept study are presented. While no significant differences in 2H abundance were noted as a result of H exchange studies or different sample preparation protocols, no significant differences or trends in measured δ2H-values were observed either with regard to known differences in geographical provenance. We concluded that the δ2H-values obtained from tooth enamel could not be used as proxy for a person's geographical origin during adolescence. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
European Journal of Anatomy
Contributions of facial imaging to human identification in forensic cases: a retrospective study (1996-2019) at the Operative Unit of Anthropology of the 'G. d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara (Italy)2021 •
Personal identification in legal proceedings and social matters consists of the description, comparison and correct attribution of some relevant biological individualising characteristics. Determination of an identity is generally achieved through construction of the biological profile (i.e. ancestry, sex, age, stature) and comparison of the individualising characteristics, to obtain a positive match. Although present techniques are mainly focused on identification of unknown decedents, due to more recent proliferation of personal, public and commercial installation of video surveillance systems and to image capture on mobile phones, the identification of living persons through video and images has become a major source of evidence in criminal investigations and at trials. This paper retrospectively evaluates the contributions of anthropological reports to the resolution of personal identification cases at the Operative Unit of Anthropology of the ‘G. d’Annunzio’ University of Chieti–Pescara, Italy, between 1996 and 2019. Of the 476 forensic facial comparisons carried out, for 151 of them (31.7%) it was not possible to carry out any facial imaging analysis due to diverse factors that affected the images and facial features of the subjects being analysed and compared. Of the remaining comparisons (325; 68.3%), the facial imaging techniques used for identification from video recordings and images were: morphological analysis (174; 53.5%); metric analysis (1; 0.3%); combination of morphological and metric analysis (143; 44.0%); photographic superimposition in combination with morphological and metric analysis (4; 1.2%); and facial approximation (3; 0.9%). The aim of this retrospective analysis was a critical evaluation of the advantages and limitations of the different methods used for personal identification in casework. Despite the challenges of facial imaging for human identification, these techniques represent a very important tool in forensic investigations.
Bulletin of the Moscow State Regional University
On Film Titles: Translation or Retitling?Journal of the American Statistical Association
Probability and Stochastic Processes1999 •
2021 •
Blog de Derecho Procesal
Vigilancia electrónica y proceso penal en Uruguay2023 •
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS
Adorno and Avant-Garde Musicin G. Ducoeur & J.-M. Husser (éd.), Religions et identités collectives. Actes du colloque du centenaire de l’Institut d’histoire des religions (1919-2019), Strasbourg, 2022, p. 153-202.
« L’identité troyenne dans les cultes publics romains pendant la période républicaine »Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences
Toward Automatic Fake News Classification2019 •
FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES
Milk-Derived Bioactive Peptides with Antiosteoporotic Effect: A Mini Review2020 •
KOMUNIKOLOGI: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Komunikasi
Pengaruh Terpaan Berita Ibu Kota Negara (Ikn) DI Media Online KOMPAS.COM Terhadap Sikap MahasiswaTranslational psychiatry
Irritability in young people with copy number variants associated with neurodevelopmental disorders (ND-CNVs)2024 •
Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences
Evaluation of Factor Structure of the Persian Scale of Coping With Carver Shortened StressSocial Network Engineering for Secure Web Data and Services
On the Use of Formal Methods to Enforce Privacy-Aware Social NetworkingSzczecińskie Roczniki Naukowe
Diagnostic significance of oxygen uptake quantity during protracted dosed strains1989 •
Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII
The tumor antigen N-glycolyl-GM3 is a human CD1d ligand capable of mediating B cell and natural killer T cell interaction2016 •
LaboratoriumsMedizin
Der zlog-Wert als Basis für die Standardisierung von Laborwerten2017 •