This paper provides a challenging view to the tax harmonization issue. The literature often proposes tax harmonization to avoid free-riding behaviors in free-trade areas, and more particularly in monetary unions. Countries may decrease their tax rates in order to develop tax competitive advantage and attract capital. Without tax harmonization, tax autonomy may lead to a “race to the bottom.” The

This paper provides a challenging view to the tax harmonization issue. The literature often proposes tax harmonization to avoid free-riding behaviors in free- trade areas, and more particularly in monetary unions. Countries may decrease their tax rates in order to develop tax competitive advantage and attract capital. Without tax harmonization, tax autonomy may lead to a "race to the bottom."

I distinguish two stories that economists have in their mind when they think of economics— one is a story of efficiency and control; the other story is of complexity and muddling through. I argue that the new work in economics of sustainable forest management that is being discussed in this volume is part of a broader trend that is occurring

The paper considers the change in theoretical and empirical research in modern economics. This change is driven by the emergence of new theoretical approaches associated with the complexity theory and behavioral economics. The author shows that in future economists will reject some basic assumptions of neoclassical economics and adopt many different interdisciplinary approaches in order to study concrete economic problems. These gradual transformations should considerably change the structure of economic knowledge. Formal modeling will be of minor importance and will give place to more applied fields of research.