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Giulia Sissa
Ucla
Marco Versiero
Independent Scholar
Mikhail (Mykhailo) Minakov
Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars
Juraj Marušiak
Slovak Academy of Sciences
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Encontre o material de estudo para seu concurso preferido em www.professoredmundo.blogspot.com Conteúdo: 1. Números inteiros, racionais e reais; problemas de contagem 2. Sistema legal de medidas 3. Razões e proporções; divisão proporcional; regras de três simples e compostas; porcentagens 4. Equações e inequações de 1º e 2º graus; sistemas lineares 5. Funções; gráficos 6. Seqüências numéricas 7. Funções exponenciais e logarítimicas 8. Noções de probabilidade e estatística 9. Juros simples e compostos: capitalização e descontos 10. Taxas de juros: nominal, efetiva, equivalentes, proporcionais, real e aparente 11. Rendas uniformes e variáveis 12. Planos de amortização de empréstimos e financiamentos 13. Cálculo financeiro: custo real efetivo de operações de financiamento, empréstimo e investimento 14. Avaliação de alternativas de investimento 15. Taxas de retorno 16. Raciocínio Lógico e Matemático
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Pacific Studies, 1997
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Artă-Istorie-Memorie.Patrimoniul Cultural Național, 2021
Precious Editions of the Orthodox Witness (Ὀρθόδοξος Ὁμολογία) of Saint Hierarch Petru Movila, Metropolitan of Kiev, Kept at the Holy Synod Library of Bucharest
Saint Hierarch Petru Movila, metropolitan of Kiev was a personality closely related to the Romanian Principalities, to the Romanian world because besides his Romanian origin he was also related to several voivodes and to a metropolitan of Moldova who happily marked the history.
The historical context in which Saint Petru Movila was formed was marked by the political changes and direct threatening of the Catholic proselytism. The spirit of high experience of Pecerska Lavra where Saint Petru shaped his personality was very important for maintaining the Orthodox faith in the space where it activated. The hardships the Orthodox faithful suffered in his Metropolitanate consisted not only in the demolishment, confiscation and shutting of their churches or need to baptise in secret because of the persecution exerted, but also in the aggressive propaganda of the Catholic Jesuits, as well as in the fights between Catholics and Protestants, the Orthodox often caught in the middle.
Some Orthodox clergy were influenced by the Catholic books printed in large number and circulated in Galicia and Ukraine, so that they even mixed in their thought, writings, and books, ideas alien to the Orthodox tradition and theology. This is the reason why the young diligent archimandrite of the Lavra of the Caves initiated an extensive process of translation and drafting some original works in which he argued with those who attacked the Orthodoxy, on this occasion essentially contributing to developing the printing activity both in Ukraine and in the Romanian Principalities. But what determined the drafting of a compendium of Orthodox teaching was the appearance in 1629 of a Catholic Catechism by the apostate archbishop Meletie Smotritski.
We know that from 8th – 18th September 1640, Saint Petru Movila organised, at the famous church of Saint Sofia, a meeting where he showed the danger of the Catholic books translated into the people’s language. This is why Saint Petru Movila drafted in the Latin language, for scriptural, patristic and canonical reasons, the book entitled Expozitio fidei Ecclesiae Russorum as 261 questions and answers. This writing is divided into three great parts corresponding to the three great theological virtues: Hope, Faith and Love, based on the teaching of Saint Paul the Apostle expressed in Epistle I to the Corinthians, chapter 13, line 13.
Nevertheless, two ideas of this book were not in accordance with the Orthodox faith: the place of the souls after death and the time of transforming the gifts at the Divine Liturgy.
In order to give it authority in the Orthodox world, the book of Saint Petru Movila was analysed and debated by the Orthodox theologians within the framework of a meeting held, in Iasi, from 15th September -27th October 1642 - under the generous and kind protection of the voivode of Moldova Vasile Lupu - at the monastery of the Three Saints Hierarchs (consecrated on 6th May 1642, where Saint Petru Movila had sent a complete printing installation). Clergy and professors of the highest rank of Constantinople, Kiev and Romanian Principalities participated in this meeting. Because the book by Saint Petru was written in the Latin language, the famous preacher Meletie Sirigul – considered the greatest Greek theologian of the 17th century – translated it into the Greek language. We must mention that part of the writings of this scholar had been printed in 1690, in Bucharest, with the expense of the martyr ruling prince Constantine Brancoveanu. Meletie Sirigul corrected the original text and once translated into Greek, he sent it to the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople, together with the Latin version, for validation. The copy of this version signed in original by several Eastern patriarchs was kept in the library of the King of France, making today the Parisinus graecus manuscript 1285 of the National Library of France (Paris).
In December 1642, the ecumenical patriarch Partenie sent a letter by which he approved, together with his synod and archons (high officials), the book of Petru Movila, considering it useful for Christians.
Although there were, in the epoch, some other Orthodox Witness compendiums by some Greek scholars: Mitrofan Critopoulos, patriarch of Alexandria, and Dositei Notara, patriarch of Jerusalem, the book by Saint Petru Movila imposed itself most and was quickly spread both in the Orthodox environment, and in the Catholic and Protestant world, interested in the position of the Orthodox Church in regard to certain dogmatic aspects.
The Orthodox witness of Saint Petru Movila has become available to the Orthodox world due to its translation into the people’s Greek language by Meletie Sirigul. It was a true support for preachers because it abundantly quoted from the Holy Scriptures and from the Church Fathers, especially from Saint John Damaskin, the dogmatist par excellence of the Eastern Church. But the Orthodox Witness was useful for strengthening the Orthodox faith among the intellectuals and expressed, as I said, a firm position of the Orthodox Church on some dogmatic points on which the Catholics and Protestants were harshly arguing.
The first edition of the Orthodox Witness in the world was in the Greek language, due to the efforts of the great dragoman of the Ottoman Porte, Panaiotis Nicussios (+1673, in Isaccea, Romania).
A copy of this rare first edition, of greatest importance for the history of the Orthodox Church, is kept in the Holy Synod Library of Bucharest (maybe the only one in Romania). The book passed though a true epopee till it came to be printed.
The first edition of the Orthodox Witness in the world is the Greek one printed in 1666, in Amsterdam. Printed on high quality paper, the book is size 8°, with 252 pages; the title page was included in the numbering of the book mentioned with Arab figures only from page 17 forward.
The title page of our copy is torn, with only the central part and title of the book preserved.
The book is bound in brown leather in the style typical for the 17th century. The Romanian Patriarchate purchased it 1961, with the amount of 600 lei.
The following edition we deal with is the one published in the Romanian language in Buzau (Wallachia), in 1691. This is the first translation of the Orthodox Witness into a national language.
The Holy Synod Library owns 2 copies of this edition (HSL quota I 4086), but with no title page. Sized 4°, the former copy (inventory number 20200/1962) has 208 pages, but for the two last ones, and the latter (inventory number 105502/2014) has 210 pages.
Another important edition of the Orthodox Witness preserved in the collections of the Synodal Library is the one in the Greek language, printed in 1699, in Snagov (near Bucharest) in special graphic conditions, having been the third Greek edition in the world.
We own three copies of this edition that can be found today in almost all the libraries of the East (HSL quota III 99).
The two next editions of the Orthodox Witness, of our collections, in chronological order, are those published in Moscow, in the Slavonic language, by a Russian publishing house, in 1743 and 1745.
Two more copies of the trilingual edition of Bratislava published in 1751 (HSL quota II 25041, inventory number 94281/3004) can be found in the Holy Synod Library, bound in parchment, which bibliographer Em. Legrand considers as rare books (5,401).
Another edition worth mentioning is the one of 1764, published with Greek text, indicating a false place of printing: Petroupoli, (Sankt Peterburg). In fact, it is an edition printed in Venice, where the printer and editor Dimitrios Theodosios preferred to mention a fictive place of appearance on the title sheet because of the papal censorship and of the dangers he could have exposed himself to.
The Holy Synod Library of Bucharest also owns in its collections many other editions of the Orthodox Witness of the 19th century when new translations of the text were done, as well as from the 20th century, the last translation from Greek done by the Romanian specialist in Byzantinism Alexandru Elian, published in Bucharest, at the publishing house of the Romanian Patriarchate, in 1981.
The circulation of the Orthodox Witness in many printed editions, in Greek or in the national languages of the Orthodox peoples or even of the heterodox countries (German, English, Dutch) proves the special impact that the work of the erudite metropolitan Saint Petru Movila had, although his name is no longer mentioned – in quite an inexplicable way – in any other edition.
The Orthodox Witness still represents a missionary work today, for expressing the bi-millennial Orthodox teaching on the world and the spiritual realities preserved and preached by the Orthodox Church.
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Millennium: Journal of International Studies , 2023
International Relations (IR) as a discipline explains the fact of global inequality through a discourse of meritocracy. In the early decades of the discipline, such explanations were explicitly racial, and justified empire and Western dominance on the basis of their innate superiority over the rest of the world. In later and in contemporary times, such racialized explanations for inequality have been replaced by ostensibly merit-based explanations that turn out, on closer examination, to replicate the inner logic and exclusionary claims of earlier ones. The notion of meritocracy has been a key element in the ideological appeal of IR as a discourse to elites and aspiring middle classes central to nation-building efforts in the global South. This latter fact complicates efforts that equate decolonizing the discipline with the promotion of diversity in its membership and the widening of its empirical and theoretical concerns. Central to any notion of a genuinely decolonial IR must be an attack on the very idea of merit as explaining and justifying international and domestic inequality.
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Carto(corpo)grafías. Nuevo reparto de las voces en la narrativa de autoras latinoamericanas del siglo XXI, coeditado por las Dras. Fernanda Bustamante y Lorena Amaro. Iberoamericana-Vervuert, pp. 101-127, 2024
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Journal of Virological Methods, 1997
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Malawi medical journal : the journal of Medical Association of Malawi, 2017
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Journal of International Medical Research, 2009
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Anais do Congresso Brasileiro de Engenharia Química em Iniciação Científica - Cobeq IC 2015, 2015
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