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"The 9/11 attacks on New York and Washington prompted a "global war on terror" that led to a significant shift in the balance of executive-legislative power in the United States towards the executive at the expense of the Congress. The contributors to this volume ask whether this pattern was repeated across a range of democracies that were also threatened by terrorist attacks after 9/11. In this volume, seasoned scholars examine the extent to which terrorist threats and counter-terrorism policies led uniformly to the growth of executive or Government power at the expense of legislatures and parliaments in other political systems, including those of Australia, Britain, Canada, Indonesia, Israel, Italy, and Russia. The research reported questions whether the “crises” created by 9/11 and subsequent attacks and foiled attacks elsewhere, led inexorably to executive strengthening at the expense of legislatures and parliaments. The research reported finds that democratic forces served to mitigate changes to the balance of legislative and executive power to varying degrees in different political systems. Series: Routledge Advances in International Relations and Global Politics ISBN: 978-0-415-48933-1 Publication Date: 16/06/2010 Pages: 240 RECOMMENDATIONS: Bert A. Rockman, Purdue University - "The War on Terror and the Growth of Executive Power? A Comparative Analysis is an invaluable cross-national study of the balancing of institutional forces in responding to terrorism. John Owens and Ricardo Pelizzo have brought together an outstanding array of scholars to inquire as to the institutional equilibrium as that has evolved - and the causes of it - in systems as diverse as the United States, the United Kingdom, Russia, Australia, Canada, Israel, Italy, and Indonesia. Owens and Pelizzo have assessed the institutional responses in the USA and Italy, respectively, and they have combined to write a notable introduction to this book. What is most remarkable is the range of responses that has occurred across these varied political systems as well as the frequently counter-intuitive nature of the responses. For those interested in the dynamics of comparative constitutionalism under duress and of inter-institutional relationships, The War on Terror and the Growth of Executive Power is as essential as it is enlightening." Bert Rockman is co-editor of Presidential Leadership: The Vortex of Power; The George W. Bush Presidency: Appraisals and Prospects; Institutions and Democratic Statecraft; and Do Institutions Matter? Government Capabilities in the U.S. and Abroad. Leonardo Morlino, Instituto Italiano di Scienze Umane, Florence - "In a timely and original book, the authors merge together two traditionally separate literatures to assess in a number of important cases the impact of extraordinary critical events, such as terrorist attacks, on the domestic relationships between the executive and legislature. The reaction of democratic institutions is brilliantly singled out and shows, contra Carl Schmitt, that critical events do not always lead to an erosion of democratic quality." Leonardo Morlino is Jean Monnet Professor of Political Science at the Instituto Italiano di Scienze Umane, Florence; President of the International Political Science Association, and author of Assessing the Quality of Democracy and Rule of Law and Democracy. Christoph Meyer, Kings College, London - “A well-focused, highly informative and nuanced comparative study of shifting executive-legislative relations during the first years of the US-led 'war on terror'. John Owens and Riccardo Pelizzo are to be congratulated for bringing together competent contributors writing on eight cases, including not only the US and the UK, but also the less frequently covered Russia, Australia and Indonesia. They help to understand why in some cases executives were less successful in loosening parliamentary controls over their often-problematic conduct. The book offers plenty of material to advance theory, but also to mount a critique of some of the excesses of executive power in response to jihadist extremism.” Christoph O. Meyer is editor of Europe’s Response to International Terrorism and author of The Quest for a European Strategic Culture Davd M. Olson, UNC - “Taking advantage of the research opportunity presented by world-wide terrorist attacks, this volume examines the resulting balance of executive-legislative relations through both a multi-country and longitudinal research design. While the executive gained power over the legislature in Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States, the results were different in Australia, Indonesia, Israel and Italy. This readable set of essays on seven political systems differing greatly in constitutional structure, democratic stability and religious identities, highlights the utility of real time comparative research in a global age.” David Olson is co-director of the Center for Legislative Studies, University of North Carolina and author of Democratic Legislative Institutions: A Comparative View CONTENTS: 1. Introduction: The "War on Terror" and the Growth of Executive Power? A Comparative Analysis - JOHN E. OWENS, The University of Westminster AND RICCARDO PELIZZO, Griffith University 2. Congressional Acquiescence to Presidentialism in the US ‘War on Terror’: From Bush to Obama - JOHN E. OWENS, The University of Westminster 3. Parliamentary Scrutiny and Oversight of the British “War on Terror”: Surrendering Power to Parliament or Plus Ça Change? - MARK SHEPHARD, University of Strathclyde 4. Putin, Parliament, and Presidential Exploitation of the Terrorist Threat - THOMAS F. REMINGTON, Emory University 5. Bipartisanship and Bicameralism in Australia’s ‘War on Terror’: Forcing Limits on the Extension of Executive Power - PHIL LARKIN, University of Canberra and JOHN UHR, The Australian National University 6. Canada’s “War on Terror”, Parliamentary Assertiveness, and Minority Government - JONATHAN MALLOY, Carleton University 7. Israeli’s Prolonged War against Terror: From Executive Domination to Executive-Legislative Dialogue - CHEN FRIEDBERG and REUVEN Y. HAZAN, The Hebrew University - Jerusalem 8. Nihil Novi Sub Sole? Executive Power, the Italian Parlamento and the ‘War on Terror’ - RICCARDO PELIZZO, Griffith University 9. Reformasi and the Indonesian ‘War on Terror’: State, Military and Legislative-Executive Relations in an Emerging Democracy - EDWARD V. SCHNEIER, The City University of New York "
1999 •
The Journal of Oman Studies
Special Surface Finds from Old Wibil, an Iron Age Site in Ar Rustaq, Sultanate of Oman2023 •
This paper presents a study of two archaeological objects that were found by the research team on the surface of the Old Wabel, located on the northern borders of the city of Ar Rustaq, during an inspection visit to the site, which recently faced a massive bulldozing movement that destructed large part of it. The pottery scattered densely on the surface indicates that the site dates back to the Early Iron Age. One of these two pieces represents a part of a clay anthropomorphic figurine of a naked standing woman. Only the upper body of it remains intact, while the head, legs, and arms are missing. This figurine is unique as it not a functional and/or decorative element of a pot like most Iron Age figurines found at different Iron Age sites in the region. Generally, most of the anthropomorphic figurine found in the Omani peninsula were associated with buildings of a ritual nature, suggesting that these figurines were used for ritual purposes. In Old Wabel, an isolated building with a distinctive architectural features was found near the figurine spot, which may have had a ritual function. The second archaeological object represents a stamped seal made from soft stone. The shape of the seal is almost parallelepipedic. The base on which the impression is made is wider than the heel, which is slightly narrower and more rounded. The other sides are flat and regular. The deep incisions that mark the seal pattern consist of two median longitudinal lines, around which radiate oblique lines and three circular cups. It is very difficult to recognize a motif, although it may be a highly stylized human figure. The existence of a seal near the distinctive building might support the interpretation of the team of the Ar Rustaq-Batinah Archaeological Survey project (RBAS) as a communal building.
Digital Twin: Digital Twin refers to digital replica of physical assets, processes and systems that can be used for various purposes. Integrate artificial intelligence, machine learning and software analytics with data to create living digital simulation models that update and change as their physical counterparts change. A digital twin continuously learns and updates itself from multiple sources to represent its near real time status, working condition or position using sensor data. Sensor data: That conveys various aspects of its operating condition; from human experts, such as engineers with deep and relevant industry domain knowledge; from other similar machines; from other similar fleets of machines; and from the larger systems and environment in which it may be a part of. A digital twin also integrates historical data from past machine usage to factor into its digital model. A digital twin can be used for monitoring, diagnostics and prognostics to optimize asset performance and utilization. Sensory data can be combined with historical data, human expertise and fleet and simulation learning to improve the outcome of prognostics. Pairing of virtual and physical worlds allows analysis of data and monitoring of systems to head off problems before they even occur, prevent downtime, develop new opportunities and even plan for the future by using simulations. Working of Digital Twin: Smart components use sensors to gather data about real time status, working condition or position are integrated with a physical item. The components are connected to a cloud-based system that receives and processes all the data the sensors monitor. This input is analyzed against business and other contextual data. Lessons are learned and opportunities are uncovered within the virtual environment that can be applied to the physical world.
Review of the literature on improving safety in high risk industries such as engineering, aviation and health
The Fourth International Conference on Ottoman Istanbul, at Istanbul 29 Mayis University campus on May 20-22, 2016. Head of the Org. Comm.: Prof. Ali Akyildiz Academic Secretaries: Ass. Prof. Emrah Safa Gürkan 0 216 474 08 60 Ext. 1624 Cengiz Yolcu 0 216 474 08 60 Ext. 1320 e-mail: osmanliistanbulu@29mayis.edu.tr