I {cLo j !, l4- I)arrilss,rr. (io.arr -_r !- L.. [\lag.rrssrrr Ir.. Stigrrcstt-*rrrrrcr & 1-lr:rrg li. (r9sJ)...r.r.rrct csturrt," Est. Coasl. .\rrd shelf Sci., \,o1. 17, pp. 73-ti5. l5- Gercher,' II. c. & ozolins G. ( r985), "cuideri,cs Ibr tlrirrriing-rr,rrcr. qu,rirr',. WHO, EFP/82i35, Zurich. St itzerlantl. l6- lllustafa. \'.7-. (l9tts). "1\lussel Cortricrrlu Iilrrrrrinca (N,lrrller. l7i.l) as a biointlicator. of heavv nretals llollrrtion irr Shltt AI-..\rrrb tr,l.Sc. 'rhesis subnritted to the tnetals in Cota rivcr Collcge ofScierrce. Univer.sity of Busralt. lraq. 'i'er" 11- Borven. H. .1. M. (1966)...Trace elcurents in biochemistry", r\cadenric press, London. lreland, M. P. ( 1974), "Variation in the Zirrc, Copper., Manganese and Lead content of Balanus balanoides in Cardigan Bay Wnles", Environ. poll., Vol.7, pp:6575. 19- I{art Barr, T. (1982), '.A revierv uptaltc of tracc mct,lls b1. scdinrents a'r! suspended particrrlate, a review", Hydrobiol.,Vol. 91, pp. 299- 313. 20- Perhac. Il. l\,1. (1972), "Distr.ibution of Cd, Co. Fe. l\,1n. Ni. pb and Zn in rtissolveti and particrrl:rte solids frorn two streanr iu Tcnrrcssee" .1. of Hydro.. 15. pp. I 7i- | 8(r. 2l- Harvkes, H. E. & Webb. J. S. (1962), "Ceoclrenristrv in nrinet.al cxltloration',. Harller arrd Rarv Pub. Inc.. Ncl-\'olli. 22- Ilrrbicz, Nl., Iiozali, l-.. Nlil<os, NI. .t \\'rrr.rlrr, Z. (19S2), ,,llcavy nrctals in thc aquttic erlvir'onrrrent of sonte \r:rtcl bodies ofthe Lublin Coal Basin,', Acta Hydrobiol., \'ol. 2.1, pp. I 25- 138. 23- Ccsscy, C. C., Borstrd, L. & Ch:rprnan, P.l\4. (1981). "lnfluence of florv rel:rtcd evcnts on concen(rllion lnd phase distribrrtion of rrretals in thc lowel Frirser river' :rnd x slnrll tl'ibutar'\, stl'etnr in British Colunrbil,C autla", Wat. Ile s.. r,ol. 18, pp.233- 238. 24- Don:rld, J. L. (1972), "Trace uretals in soils aud aninrals", Advtnces in ,.\grononrl. Vol.2.l, pp.267. 25- Dnvies, P. rl., Cietcl, J. P.. Sinley. J. It. & Snrith, N. t". (1972), "Acu',r and clrrorric toxicity of Lend to Rainbow Trout Salmo gairdneli in hard and soft w,rter'" Wat. Res. Vol. 10, pp. 199- 206. 26- Mudroch, A. & Capobianco, J. (1978), "Study of selected met^ls in nrarshes on lnke St. Clair", Ontario. Arch. Hydrobiol, Vol.84. pp.87-108. l8- . 'l;rltlc I I:('ortccrr(r':r(iort l:rctors lirr lislr ll;rrlrus ilr'\ l)us :rttrl rortte sltccit's ol :rrlrrittic \lostrl ;rrrrl Illrsr':rlr lScplcrrrlrt.r'1 l0il0t , \lr,l.ll( i slrrt lr I i t. -1.1 I I Illl.llrl I irr l'ilirit. J:.(r9l .i1qr.isr_. r.is6 l -l e)y /ai\ \i l-r-.s- Urr i lSl(,.i.').i l,rl 1tl:rrrl.s \lrr /.rt ' I r.lr : \('tllt Li: I s.l.x{6 ,-- _ I'l:rrtls 1\l,rsrrli l'. lcttr'r'ttst. I ('. rlr,trrelstrrrr \ :rl( (.n..r'i:r (rSltll.llX, el il.l il (,l.lJ.J.tl \l). l2l{.S7 I .tl l7(r.r)5-l I I t.t 51 12il51.s-ls .t {..i1 I I 92rr(,J. I 9t I .r97-l..ta2 7 I t'i,,r,r.(littili)I'. letrtr.trse l'lrrtrls i ll:rsrrrlr ( :16-rl.$5' _- t{(l !.(:i{' - _ t x.il2l. ) 5il . rlerrrr.r'srrnt l'. lltt. r'tts. .16:!tl: \l'l-lltlrL:l-tt', I S(, _I!i :i_ _:- J r-sJ112I| ri-ll,llLr -.'-_ - .i.r.ril.iJr [(t'l'crrrrcr': l- \lrrrr';tr, (. \. Jt \lrrrr':r\, t.. (19;j). rlt'liorrtrclitlcs irt sctlittlcltt - lreslrrvirtcr ".\rlsor'lltiorr-rlcsrlr'lltiorr ct;rrilillr'irrru oIsorrrc st'rlinrcnl - sr;r \i'iltrl'st'stcrrrs" St'nrposiunr olr llrc irrtcr rcl:ttitlrt ol' t'rttlio-:rclive conlirrrrirr:rrrls rvitlt tlrc e ons(i(rrcn(s ol'tlrt rrr:rrilte trrrit'orrrrrcut. l.\1..('l'rrlr. grll. IOS - I2-l . 2- (llrirrts . .1. .t \':trt l)ct' Sclt:rlic. \\/. I l. ( I (.,7t|). "lliologicrrl rrronitorirrg. ;l:rrt t - lilrll 'rvlrning svstcrns". \V:rt Rcs.. \/o1., p;l.l{: l0l -l12. J- llcrrriliscrt ,,\. & \\'riglrt, lt. t;. (197S). "('oncculr':rtiorr ol' lrclvr. ruct:rls in srnrll Noru'egiln llrltcs".. \\/at. llt's.. \iol. 12. pp. l(ll - II2. {- llz.osli,it ,1.. (l9S(l), "l:ltrllhr':rlcs & 'l'igris. urcsolllluniirn ccologv lrrrrl tlcstirrr,". \\'.,lunk bv I'rrll.. 'l'lrc lrlrgrrc. []ostun. l.ontlon. grp. I22. 5- .'\hlvclti. ,1. l(. & l)ouitbul. ..\.,\. Z. (191t5). "'l'r'ucc nlct:rls in Sh:rtr.\l -.\r:rb rivcr", ft' i \\':rt. llr.s.. \'ol.l(). p1t. -157 - J(r2. 6- ,\h:rl'clri. .1. l(. & .'\l-Oblitlv S. Z. (l9tt7), "(louccutrltiorr ol'lrircc clcrrrcnts in lqrrntic r':tscttl:tl'lllitrtts h'orrt Sh:rtt r\l-,\rull rir'(.r'". trlrq..l. Iliol.. Sci. tlcs.. \'ol.ltt Plr.l23-12g. a.-liJl )..r iill ,irr* i\.r Xj jj,# .(l9tt5) *Jr.." el-e-,rj-f1r J^jt ->11+., -1 lr':rr1. 1 l-rll rll r.tl 1-flc i3.+ {bi.4i4ElSlf j 6-rJl3 Jji! JL:,lJll J,^Lo;r +-r,_9.JaJl . 2J- lSsp . l(r S- l(lralrrl'. .\. \.. \l-.lll'l'r'r. \. lt.. Klrrrlitl. t]. \'.. I..lils. S. S. & tsh:rt1, \1. \\/. 1lr)S5)...'l-1c l):lt(cl'tls ol' rtt'crttttttl:t{iort ol' sorrrr. lrt.:rrr nrt.l:rls irr I}irrhus tr.\'l)lls (lll.,('til.-1,) li.rlrrt rr p,illrrlt.rl r'irr.r'"..1. lliol. Sr.i. ltt.:.. \ ul.l(r. l,p Sl-7-1. tl- \lttt';tr';ttt l'tii'ii, llt:lltlr \.'.r,tl:rtr{)n(l')-:}.-'\l:rnrl;rrrlnl(lirorl\lor.llrt,t.r:rrnirr:rli,rr ol rr;rtt.r :rrrtl rr:l\lr.\\;ll(.t". 1.1" ,'t1.. \t.u \ ot.l.. l()- hlr:rl:ll. l(.'1 . (l()()l). "'l lre rtr:rrirrr' .\ lrt.slrrrrrtcr lislrt,s ol lr':rt1" ll:rsr-rrlr. Ilnivclsitt. I l\\/lritton. ll..'\.. ( 1975), "llivcr t.cologr'" Ill:rckrr,r.ll Scicrrril'ic lrrrhlicrrtiorr. C)rfor-rll.onrlo rr. "12- \'ivilrr. ('. l\1. C. ct l\,llssie, (1977), "'t'rilcc rucl,lls irr u,lter.s:rnd sedinrcrrts oIthe rivcr T:r,rvl. sorrtlr \Vnlcs" "ln reltrtinlr to loc:rl sour.ccs...Envir.tro[..14;.t7-6 l. l3- \\ici.j rlcrr, ('. ll. \'. D. & Ntitlrlclbrrrg..l.,l.(l9ll9).,. llvttr.ogco clrerrristr.r.ot.tlre r.ivcr lllrirrt': l,ottg let'rtt ;ttttl sc:tsort:rl r':rri:rllili(t'", t,.lcrrrcnt:rl lrrrrlgr.ls. lllsrl lcycls :rrrrl ltollrrtiorr. \\ ;rt .llr.s..\'ol. 2J. pp.l2{7-ll6(r. *j:%Qirtll!rr;F:--qrr. &_.a, +,_-.J. .jh \orlle :rqr;rric r)rirlrs r. rrccrrrrrrrr:rrr. \rrr. 't'rrc s,ccics. r),rrrrrr.grl,, \lr l'iolllr'lltrllr sllicltlt'llt , (',';tttt;thl'llrrr, tl..rrrc.srr* ,,,i,| ,,,i|ir,,"r.i:r s1lir.:rtis t)ccri,arlrs sliorvcd Itbilitics to:ttctttttttlrttc ZIt.l\'lrt Nia'd il,l n,r,l trris r',s.l.u,l-*.r,",, trre colrce,tr.atio. , lrigtr lir. tlresc lll;ittts rr':ts cortsidct'cd ('r.hle t0 :rrrd r r). pl:rnts to rrronitor. tlre pollrrtion in the r.ivcr. f-igr.is. 'l'illlle'9 : l'lun,t rrrcllrls in tlre lqrrltic lllirrrts (lrgig factor .ccor.tli,gl' o,c c:1, usc trrcsc aqrratic rlr.r, rr rrciglrt ciglr( ol' 6l.r.iycr. r-ivcr. .l.i'r.is 'l'iglis i. l()9S. l()rlR irr i I .- I .1.{ll r Lv ir,.ll.5.rr<rri: r u.'.r I r.:o | .rr.x i rn.,, -f-----t-- *r -.-----i- :-i-. - -.-._.1___- _ i -..._-i 16 I i ,,2.< ' --T-'---i-:'---'--1.. .--i !,1-l , l-rr'r-i-;.!l.t! :i'"i"--':': n; -l - 'I'--"-; i 5 i ,r,r: I i ,,-', I i I _ i Strir':rlis \ l) t ioIlrr llrrrrr .. ( -ftiLlr.,l'tt,-.. er.irlrrplrr llrrr l)r.trrt.t.srrtrr SIir.,g\.t.ir 'l-:rhlc t(l : iI, ('onctnlr:rtiorr f:rcfors for fish Bar.hus gr'.r'ttus llrrl 'l'iltr.it urrd l\l osut.( l\l l.r.) \t, I :-)r-,- --:ll-.\l) ._.j-- _ . qrlil, .ttt'''.,,,,,, i i L I i I I i i ;. .-l:li'l.l('i i ,.,.,,,,-,, a,('(,o-l.St -l a,, ol.arlullic pl;rnts irr L*,,.,,,r, lir';.; :_. #iiil_ isr,t.t..st-l j__ ..i1..::_ " -tlt(,.J.(,lt.t I -__rr6(Luur.- r_.__ijl:.!.irlt i rtxi:.r.t. -..1.- I ---;';tii= I rr.r,r,r, .___]_ __.rs1r,r_r,r : _.r1.,1',_ 29.rJil . _.._r.- t(,.t.tu.t,nn | sorrrc spccir..r i I lottil.rr(|rr lr to llrt ruslrerrrllLl .olirl tlrt .lr rrrl i ' t r i i t i r ()l Ut(.t:rllu \r(lllll(. t .rcrrrt,rl lrr lrr. rttttrr.ilt(rcttsttl ttt lltc rt{rt.llttt rt rtrllr0rrt iriln llr(. \olttll \l:lll)n\. l)(:irlr. llLtl. tlrr'r't.. rs tr clcltr. irtcr'elrrirtg ll'(.1(l o, lcll(lclc\ ol' r)i(.lii (o,r( ( tll itltotr\ irt :ctlrtttt,rtlr lotrttil irt Slttttltr.r.lt irnporrrrrlrrrcrrl rrrtl tltis urrrr bc ir r.ilr t((l tr) llt( llrtluc r)l llris rtirtirrl in \rlti(lt \rlilcl l)ccoulc stlglllt :ul(l Iltc i l ) , I I . I l)lit\ :ls il r rrlt. l'rrr rrll llrt' lrllocollrouorrs nriltcri;tls lo:rtlctl hr llrc rir r.r ( orrrparirrg (he conrcrrtr.:r(io[ 0l ,rctlls ir \!atcr', susl)cl(lctl solitls alrl serlirrrerr( llcltrcctr lriglr rrnrl lrrrr tliscltiu.gcs llt.r )(1. it sc(ntc(l {ll:lt tltc co (enlr.ll(iou is l{)rc it) lo\\. tlischargc lll:rl llrc lrigh tlischlrrgc 1lc, iotl. alrd tlris rrun bc (lur to the rlilrrtiorr [actor. lclrtr(l to llrc lrigh rlisclr:rr.gc orr Nlll. l7l Sirrrilrrr r r r I ( tr r ( r I rr lr lc S , , r r rrr( \ I ct:r ls irr llslr ( 1tl;rlit' ol ll(it\\ nl('l:ll\ lo l)t.{r(llt cltcltlitl c11\ it 0ll t('ttt ltl)l)(ilt.s lo l)r , 'I'ltc lou conccl{t;lli(,n ol lteirtt rrtct. ;rrrrl llrclr i. ;ttohlt'rrrs rr gr.t.:rt rli.l. ,rl irs itt l lt t. o t g r is tl t l ltc (rrttccrtlt.itli(,lt \ lirtrit ol tlrc inslr-lnrrllls. Ilrc irtrrrrrrl (oll(clllt itliotl ol tllc ulc(:ll. (.\l)i)\ crrr ilorrnrcrrt:rl l:rclor.s csplcilrllr pll l trtrrgcs ol' ('rl. I,lr. /.rr. \lrr rrrrrl \i irr tlr ')1.:. \l) I -l:rrr,l0,r: . j..,1lL,-::. rL.\l : r r Ir r c l|tl i lct r!:ll (0 CcIllt.ltliou gt.c:tlcr- (lrittl i (ltc irlcslllc:rrl I)ll(rr()rlt:lor irr lrrlrrirlic {)t.tiutisllsl I I l. s il \rltl(.l lr;nc tr.rrtliIiorrIrIIr tltrrscti :rrrirlvtic:tI I I I I i I I I i I I rlrr r trt,,l rlUrtDlrrril ,rr,,l lrrlitlr,i, tr lter,. rlllrr. lriglrt.r lrrtrl tlri' lt.;rrl trr irrelt.lrrt. lllc (lclrlcliol irlir)l t,l ltc,l\\ utc(lll\ irr lislr rlc;lcrrtls ul)on thc lc lilt(.. ltlrrsiologicirl corrrliliorr ol lish antl rrl llrrrlrrt.ss ol rrlrli,r. l2-1. )51. rc (,olccrrlt.llion lirlr Ii. gr r prrs rrr t., \ l) . o {)15. o (t5 0..}.}.1. lJ.f) - r) r r r I r (r I 'ltir t lr (lrrlrlc l). irr ilrrr lrrrs grr;lrrs lislr (lrgi g rlr.r rrciglr() li.orn I)r..l,.clr.tl t,h \D lt. :s .) rt 0.r12 \t) il-l lrllIi , ll.116 1,.: 0.1 l{ll 0 |lJ.6 et.i I {.r, t.r..t \ l) ; 0.ir - ,0.s1 1.92 l.l t.-: , o.Jl I I rrl ll :. rr lliglt crtlttcrtlr':ttiott rtl T-rt \\;rs li)r,rr(l lo irrclrlnll:llc irr thc lish c(,nrl):u.ing rvitlr,tlcr tttt'litls ittttl tllis tlt'itr ll ttttl tltr.'lti;lh r,r((,r)lrlliot llrctor rlrlrrc rccor.tlt.rl lirr.Zrl,l.lrhle \ ;trttl \l). [r.lrrrlirl el :rl llil rt'por tctl tlrc s:r rt lt.strlts iu llrc rlus(lc ol lislr li.orrr l)i',alrr r.ivcr. \let:r ls irr pl:r rrts \ l:t rrr rtruli,,. lr\r.rl;r(r.rl)lr\lc:r tr,:r: .css lltc irtll):tcl ol errt,ir.oruttcrtlal (on(:lllilil(it)l l)\. Itc:tr\ rrrc{:rl rrrr pl;rnts. tlrrc to tlrcil Iriglr llr(irr ol irccurrrrrllrliorr s itlr tlreit. tissrrcs. Sorrrt luqu:lti( l)llnts ilt.c cill)tl)t(. 0l lrigh sr. lcclir c lrct rrrlrrllrliorr ol cer.(trirr Ircin,r. rrrr.l:rl. I.lrcst, l)lilllls cillt sr.r.r'r,to rllorritor. tlrr ll0llrrtir, r (,1'cl\itollrt(,ll nillr lrt,:rrt tctrtt(lc(l ,ts lt;tltlt.ill t.(.g l;llt)t.s 0l irc (onacllt';tlilltr ol tlrt.sc tl(.lltl :;u(l :ll\o (;ln ll(. ll(.tills in lll(. lt(lu:llic clvit I rrt ll ) 'l lir. ctrrrlr,rrt rrl lrt.lrr r trrr.l;rl irr l)liull\ \\:rs lriglrlr rrrri:rlrlc tlcl:crtrlirrg orr llrc t trr ilorrrrrt.rrl :rrrrl tlrr. ,lrrt.ir.r. l-lrr. corrr. nlr':ttron I rrrrlcr ol ( tl. l,lr. Zrr. \lrr rrrrrl \i Iirrrnrl irr llrrsr' :plt ie: ;lr r,. {1.(}l -i.-1. t).:-l - .l().' l') .l llilr. ',', :',ll{};rrrrl ll-::. 1r.1 1. rr.rpr.ttirt.lr ( I rrlrlc r)) lli,glr r I t r. r t r I i r r ol \ln I ,rrril rc c r r r I I r.r I irr l lrt. pl:rtts lrrrrl tlris nt:rt rlrrr to tlrt rrtrrlrtl;rrrct rrl tlris urt.tlrl irr tlr ' .t rlttttr.ttl rr lriclr .r.l.rtrl lt. ir srrhslr.:rlr. lirr llre rn;rcloplrrlcs. rrlrt.t.t. llrr. ul){:tlic ol ll lrrl rrill cru-rit.rl i,trl tlu.r)uglt (ltc r.r)ol:i\slents ol.tll(. ,l{ltl,tli( Irit(t.ol)lt\ l(.\. \llr(lt.(,cll il (l ( rr;roIri:rrrrrr l2(,I r.rl){,r.tc(l llt;t( {ltc lllcl:tls c0nlcnl ill xq ll lrl ic l)liltlts \rcr(. :tltcc(r(l l)\, (lttil ler el irr rr:tltr.. scrlirrrcrtls l)r. h0tlr irt :l contl)lc\ \r.;tv . \lr:r1ql1i ,,,,1 .\t- ()h:ritlr slrorrt.rl rr (lrcil slrrtlr on Slru(( .\l-,.\rrrh (lrc sarrrc l(,1 itritit., ,it. rt rr rrr c 1 . r -*-=c* rr r : r I r ; r rr r : r .j+,: l'irhlc solirls. irr sorrrt.r.irt.r.s ol nt;tzorr \l:rcl.e llr';rzil llt' rr t, ississ- S .\ I lir':urct' --: r{i,riil -'- liJ lJ(l{l O rcgiorr I (19 J7 (t l7()2 l,:rnrlr -: 122 \\;ciirlcn ,r,i,t Il irlrlclllrr rg l9ll9. __l l't'l I t'irr1 i I rr Tl{ .; . -.1 lr5 125 .''.--.-..----i--- lit'iutt'c : Nt.tltcr- l? llhirrc rr rrrl<l l) l1t11i \ ':t t' llrc l- J16 izc Il __; ..\trllrrrr' I ..\ !, I7J .]80? I ..\ I It r:rr c lr i I l)orr;rlrrrl I 'i I I Il)IJ5. r.ll I' (-): \ol trrt,ltliorrr.rl r -t' s t' Ir I : I r r r I r \lct:tls irr sctlinrrrrts Nlost e lt.rrrt'rr(:. t.spt.t.i:rll.r lrr.;rr l ll(.t:rls. tlu.rr. troI l.(.ntiliu rlis.solr cil irr rr il(ct- lol. lorrge r. 1lcIitltls. llcirrg llrccillitlrtctl bl tlrt l)r'()c('ss ol oritll(iorr. lirrrrrlliorr ol'rlil'lt r.c,l che .ric,! ctltttllottrltls. ltrttl sol'l)ti(,ll llt' thc ot'g:rrtic lrrrrl lrrirrcrirl ol'llolgrrr st.tlitrrcpl l22l.ttottor, sc(litllcllts cltlt bt' t't'g:lt'tlc<l :ts :t rrsclrrl irrrlic:rtor ol'llotlrrriorr ol'tlrc :rrp*rtic t.rr',ir,rrrrrcrrt 'l'lre collccrl(f ilti(ln t',lngcs ol' ('rl. l'h. Zrr, \lrr:rnrl Ni irr scrlilrclts gltst^,crl i. tlis 1221. sttrtll'rtrc.0.J - 1.J5. l5 - J0.J.2{.s li5, l(}l - 7J0 rrrrtl 6(} - 190 pg/g tlr.r.rvciglrt, rcsl)cclivch' ('f rrblc 7). Titltlc 7 : llcitr'] ttlctitls eottccttlt'irliorr in tlrt' scrlirrrcrrt (li4 tl ,.f rre illrt),l r.i'cr.'l'igr.is irr l99t{. '/.rr ('rl f)lr \l rr rNi Sllrl irlrrs i\lirr s.r!r_. Sr'pt._ _ )1,,t_ _ lsilr(. I I il!r I I : l ,. l _{ 5 6 1 ! I i= I t 0.7? o.7S 0.57 0.{J i , .t_ i I I I i ' r () il I r.t7 l. l0 lj:l(!_ 16. 5 2(1. I :u. I .l -l 2(1. I 0.17 I .(|.1 l(l 0.J; 1.0,1 l('. 5 il tl lr..ll l-I {).50 l. l0 l.l.i l.ll l(,..s It, ,i ll li ( t.:0 t).7-l .l I :.. ( JJI I lJl _ li.ll ,: ,i i.il '\ i l.i.i ]il.il I lS.tt I . J').(r I J-I.-l (ril..l i l.tl 't s .ilr.r' .1.1.0 .t l.l{l . l('..: l5.rr lli.J l.l.l . l{r'.5 . -io.{r li.? l.:2 l,15 , _-tlL .-i (-): \(,t l)r'tt'r'rrrirrctl lliglr corrcctt(r':tlitlrts ol i\lrr lrrttl I6 (r(r. l5.l) Jl.l : I't--- lc. 5 - lJ..] .)7.S' l0 (r l(' .5 l:.0 | i () t,..1 0 . I l. 1t:s5 j .](r. r ; S5. 0 J5. 0 5il. tl I I I I J0 rl l5r, I I(! H5 I rlJ :{s. lll- .t.t. lr i-i rJ5 {, '1,. (,11. {r lll- ll{) l(r. {r -10. ll l)l l]J r 65. (l I 65. !l { ) I I (lJ \i irr st.rlirrrt'nls \\'et'r lirrrrrrl corrrlxrr.crl rritlr gtlrcr. rrtelltls strrtlietl. tlris tttit\'[rt tlrtc ttt tlte lriqlr cortcrrrlrtr(i(]1 ol tllriclr g1c llctllls i1 strsllclrtlctl solitls (,t'sscr cl:rl l2-ll sl:rtt'tl llr:rl lrc:nr rrrt,t:rls rt.:rct yr.;rrlily l,illr srrsllt.rrtlctl 1l:rt'(ictrl:ttt' tll:ttt('l's :ttrtl lltt'ottglr st'rlirrrt'rrt;rlirrrr pr ocr'\\(.\. il( ( unrrrl:rltl irr ll6lorrr rlt.ltosits. 4. >.< ;"rui\ 'r1;l rr,rr'l(i\ \rro.)al)* .)rrr r.r.r.r .).)*.r.rrs .rr.)rrl .o srlrrJar ')lll (l.l(,\l)l: r)l \llllllll: rl;,1 .,.)rll ,t lt\\r)ll\l .).,: tl.)ltlrr s.t1.rr;.,lrl p,r1rrr,l1lsr15 .)lll .lo \1.).\,)l tliittl ''rr;l ol l)l:')l l)lll: l')ltt.\\;,,.ilrPr,1.r,rr.)lrr,)\ri.).1.)rr sarr l)lar \aorrrirs .)s.llrr r, rrt,).r.rlJ 1r.\\ \l'l 'lJ .l l) 1l'r'ltls t1i'irr1 ''ttll ()l ')tll) .\lrltt strrl s,(lrilirs ,.r.)rl).os .)rll .t:rlr slrorrlrrs ,.r,)rlr.ro., tll sl)lIos 1l''l1ltr'ltlsrts tll trr)ll!f .tlt!,).)!!{!.-] l)r* .)rll al ,)\l:,).r.)rrr l*}.).r 1r;iir1s , sr: \\ ,).r.rlr 1r.r,r11,1; lrl rliirrs * .,,,,r1r r., \, , ,,, i1,1rrs ,,.,,,J'1,;'lj,f;;1,1,)l;,ii",,;lii,il,;Jl;.lii;,i;( 'll,',]:l);1llrr,,l],1,;liij;l],,,,],1 '(9 Jlql'.1.) sll'lrttl .lrlllo lttttlr.t.rl*;r.rii J..f P,rPrr;lrtsrrr-,,,,,7 1,,,,, r,l\J .l o ,,,,,;,,., 1,,.r.r,,,r.., ,sl)rlos Jrlf lllrlf ;rr;rs;r.rtl s-l|.r\ ,)llrls rlrnts- Jlll lg l l 1t1.ro,r\ rtll o l.rurl .rrrllo u! s.t.),\r.l ;rrll .f sJll)tlls rtltos ltll* littt'ttltlttttt'r Itrtl,,\\'A.ttftrrs-J (lu.r\/-ly rrrrlsJo st)rt{tr-;r.rprr..rtrsrrs nrt .r .lo r ,l\l -lo slrorr*.rluJ.)rro.) r1i'ir11 pu.14 lcl I.(r*.oo 1r,,,,,,1.r.irqv.riiirr,, r,r\i rrtr pJ.r\oao.r ,7 .srr,rr.r 'lJtllo tlfl'll ttost'ttltlttttt'l lll l)Jl).lt).)J.l:'-u,r\ sl)rlos 1r.r1r,r;rtli,i.- i,r,,11; Jo uotp!.rllr,r.rrr,.r r;i.ir1; l)utf lt7 .!\l .l).) rlltl \lltl.)rrr .)tlt it!ll,l,, r*.'r.rii * p*r1 sl.rutl ,,,',',,,;,1:]1rl,ll.' , ' 11, 1 | spty.lrrr i rr:.rr1 su()rlu.r lu.).)u().) .l() r;iirr1 sttlll)tr()') '\l:l) l)ttt: lrr\ .).rr \r)rros r),)rlr.rrrs,rr .rrli 1,, .lr.).rrr\.,.) .r,rr:ar .rrl.r. Il ' lst'l';l 'r;lltlrt i!tttllttrttl't.ttts.)llr .*rlr .).ro*r s.)art lr(rrlllrrr r.o(l* .\l)o(l .,rrll tt! .'-lll)Jtlt Jlll rI:'rlltr')ll()') ol .(t!11,1,, .)rll l)r:rl rlrrrl \r ,,,,111.,i,1.1,,,i.ii1,t .1,r ,r.r,,.rrr.,,l rrl.l.\, rliirr; .,r;, ,,,(, rr ,,.,,,,(::, .( ru,rr1 (l.tos_l)u (,1 I|IIIi;i,:llll,:illl,;;; I:l[:l]ll,]iil Jllf llllll PJI)lll.)llo.) sl:,\t lr 'sts.(luult luJull)Js l)lnl .-[i 064 rLl i 6iN ,i'sl : rrs ilt . llil ('il n'tn' I i., 2or a6a r cir r I rri 80I !-- ?sxl rfzl etz - --.. t)r r .go r-zi !sil Lt) I ., rts etoi sts :'rlL 6f6 t6zI f0t {'9i) I il!z rt)t :r)r) I rts ')'6 i'f N(rl ,i {I{' : a|i t-l'l ,irt 6ril t'! r l6f : gr0 t'ss 1-i'0 t it' !!..il r'6i 0.st fl.l 0'61 -rit,.r 8'81. , t s'l Itifl a'st: i- i ri r_ _l.rf j r'ul l-- u.'ri j 16I I !i f I $s-l I sll \':l\ tt:[ r)(,0 . lt ttsl r.!)r) rrl,a ir:1, ;,1.,r i.rp i7ili1 . rrr 0\ it ll 1'l rla ..!li.-. -! iiN L UN s 0N ti (IN t) (l\ 0\ 0\ r !' i il\ i, lt l, 's()() sprlos 1).rllrr,rtlsrrs !l tl 0\ 16.1y t'2, (,'tf lzi i tis.a i'(r S'tf , fSt i tl't g',1.:' toi' ir.i li' e lt (l\ il\ (l\ (1._\ i _ar., os; , rsx: r's-ii f1s] _1t,,; qf-r i rllr llrl (yr1ii'r.'ru ;a:zJ 717, I _/us 06x t\ l'z 'rrs t- z'r 'ss't <'i irol s(-s attlt t16i1 I (,1' .r.)\l.t (r I L0l lio -ise f (,1 t\ lLi L ' 09I !r) i.N tse t __24 t-I ir,)l 9 I {)9 li'(r . ifrl i ri : rif 1"68 ln af\l 9'(rl- ; lo\l :0 \ tl(ta ll'[6 lll,lll;l,,ll;ilJ,ll,ll],l,xil;,.l; Jlll lto I)Jstr{l .tJlu.r\ l)J.t;lllU.lo sllps-J.t I I llr)tll:)\ ) tr! sr.riir.1 suotlli.tlu.).)uo.) lt:1.)1r ( rg.r; 1 ,)l(ll|.1 '(S rl(lu.l.) .(1;r rrl.r.rrls;r.r .1r1iir;r rr .i.r1l iiTiitl f I9_ 6. 1 l)ult LSLZ - ZZ 'S'l, t0zq\t r.t,).\\ sl)tlos l).)l)u.rtlsrrs rrr r\ l)uu lrl,! ,u7,(l,l .l).) ltr)tlu.r .lo luJJUO.) Jif,.tr{ ._ -- e l^+ 'l'rrltle Rir 3 : ( (,ltc(.nIl ittiou 0l e r' ( {runtt.\ lliilll(. 'frt r trtt n \\':r Il lr c iil:r ItouLh ugrr. I c lre ( Itlt'lltls in lrr I rl so r I lJ u rrr li trll:r rrtl ' (,.e-t(,0 t']"_']_ ll lr i rrt. l)c rrr crrt (lrrt ir liilrr l) t't.re tr r --..- 1 -. 0. ''i,",1,,,,, rlr (lr- l l. j <t).J Srr et.tlt.tr 0(ll-0.tll il , ,-...' ! l.l-ts0 \1 Ni rr ,.\trrhrrr.r -10{)-6t)ll , -rir-s: i- i6- lrio i= I2-l{80 5-165 iI .i-15 : ----!---,_ I irrrulurrrl '. 16-7) 0.0 t-? lri-.i-il) 5 l(| ().or_tl.lil G't .;{) 5ll : 0(t it u rlr -::; ,- _+ jq lrt,rrrrrl.rl rircr.s (trtil) '/.n l)lr _t t{0-{r{} \\'lritton. I )75 viii"iirt I nr,,-ri",' lr7'7 \\'ci.itle rr & llitltlcllrtrr.{. l ',,ri') \\ lrirrorr.lr75ll 7* {t . r l5{l N i l):rtttcl..r,-n tlt ;rl. l')ll-l () llrrrr:rN..\li. lllli I)-2() l'lte cottcert(t'ittirttt ol' llte ttlctlls irr rivcr"l'igris recortlctl irr (lris strrtl' r'cr.e 5ct,rr t5c I'rl)l)cr linrits:rllo*'ctl f,r tl'irrki'g \\':rtc. sr:r(ccl br,ocr.chcr & dr;i;;;. i,ili f irf ferv [cittlittgs ol' Ni. sirtrilltrlY i\lrrsir &,\li. "xcc,t i. l7l lirrrrrtl higlr corrcenlr.uriorr ol'Ni i1 r.irlcr.'l.ier.is llrrglrtllt<l ('l':rlrlc J). .\rrtrtng thc tlctcrrrrilrcrl rrrct:rls,-i, *"",r"ii rlr:rr l)h:rrrtt 2,,. u.cr.c cxist irr filtcl'etl rvittcr ttrrtt'e tttatt tltltcr rnctirls. rrhilt'tlrc ('tl rrls crisl irr irntl Zrr irt \f itlct'str1l;tlv trtrtv origirr:rtc li'urrr inrlrrstr.i:rl rr.:rstcu.rrtcr. lorr c..cc.tr.rrlirlrrs. lrlr lrrrtl r.ir*.sc\\.rgc,r.tlrt. tlissoltrtiort ol' oltl lciltls lllrrrnbing l9l. No signiliclnt sp:r{irrl virr.i:rriou irr tlr., rrrct.ls cttttccttil':tliort rvcrc ttrtlicctl ittttl this rrr:rv bt :rttrilrrrle t,, tlr.' higlr rrririrlg .l'rr.:rtcr. r.csuttcrl li'ottt tltc higlr sltcctl ('ttrrcrtl csPcci:rlll irr tlrc lrurllrcr.rr nrirltlh. ,rl'ttrc, rivcr. ll ll, itltlrrttrglt' tltet'c is ittt cvitlcttcc th:rt lriglr t'orrcrrr(r':rrions \\crt. rccor.rlctlll,r,:i irr tlrc st:rli,,s li.9.l0 :rrttl I I lttttt:tls0 itt sotttttct'tt l):rrts ot'lhc rircrcsglt,ci:tllr.sl:rti6rrs l{.15 rrrrtl l(r. 'l'hc irttct't'cl:ttittltsltilt bcttr:ccn sonlc crn'irr,,rrrr,i,rtrrl conrliliorrs :urtl lhc clc,re,ts :rrc . sltort tt irr 'l';thlc {' lcllll)et',tlttre ltrd rr littlc cflcct olr rlrc e orrccrr(r.nliorr ,f lrca'r. rrrct:rls irr tt:t(ct', Pll :rrrtl trrl'hitlitt :tlso lutvc tltc sirrrrc cl'[cct. but corrtlrrctivitv shou,ctl:r i^r.gc cl'll.ct rnr Ilrc corrcr.rr(r'irliorr ol' lrt'lrvt, rrrcl:rls. 'l'rrlllc'l :'l'lrt' corl'clir(io, coc[ficicrrr (r.) bctrr.cr.n :ionlc crrr.irurrnrcrrtll contlitiorrs irnrl concrlntt.ltion lcvcls of ('tl. trll. Zrr. \lrr. ;rrrrl Ni. *Signilicirnt cor-r.cllrtion ll 1l <0.05. *.1 .---. . -1... i I I _.__---_t. -_' - -.---t- -----rl .t. ''----"t' . -. - ..i i ; \lct:rls irr strspetrrlctl solirls Strsllerttlcrl solitls :rt'c (ltusc gtltr'(icles rvillr rli:rrtrc((,r'rnorc th;rrr {}.-15 nricr.orr. gcncr.ullY tltt'sc tlir itlctl irtlo l\\'o t\'l)cs. tlre l'irsl r\ l)c is llrr lliotic p:rr.ticlt's rr lriclr inclrrrlt. Ittict'ttttt'g:tttisrlts sttclt :ts ;ll;rrtlilorr's. lllrctt'r'i:r. lrrrrgi rrrrtl \rlur(.(rl tlrt.rrrt.t:rlr,lic,r.,rlrrc(s. st'crttttl is:rlrio(ic 1l:rr'ticlcs:rrrtl tlris irtcltrtlc llrc orgrrrric:rrrrl irrgr'grrrric tlrt.rrric:rl c.rrrll.rrrrtls lil'c silic:r. tltt:lt'(2.. lr.'lrls;rirr'. silt. clin, lrrrrrric lrcitl rrrrrl irrrrirro ;rcrtls I lrc r.rrrrgcs gl ll(rl. ;'.i1,r FUdr Cr j.P Iirhlc l: Sonrt'\\,;rtrr rltirr':tctrristics rtlortq rire r' l'igl'is tltrl'ing l99ti. S(irtiorr Ptl ; tcilll),,(' Scllt I Nlirr Scpt. li\lrlr \\;:rlcr. il 26.00-l-Is.rxt I 2{.5(} irrLlu 23.00 i 26.5() 22.S(l I Zo.Srr 26.00 i27.00 2r).{0 i 2.t.tttt 25.5{l i 26.J(} l(r.(l() lz0.,l0 ii,,.rri 27 I (l 2ll.(l(l I it*.rn 27.00 i za.lrr t2 21r.8{) IJ 32^sii I 2 3 { 6 1 ll (, I0 l{ 8.6' I s.2ff!:*l trjJll i_ 8:26 I.Jll i 8.2.1 t:ti i-irii lr.t7 I tt.l5 i I 7.97 8.02 J(,(l I 3l(l i U.S ' 5(ll) | {(}(l , 2l I {71} {t5 l5 -120 {{0 I rz {5ll -llllr )1 {5r} i {{0 I 2t i (rJ(l 66() JIJ J25 -1 'i I (16(l I)O nrgil i\l ll. r, l5 7.i 1) ?.0 20 29 7.{ I t).0 2t 1.h IJ !.|.0 r 5lr : 15 iir,u [+] I-- H i{2s i-ii'r(il-C r{ Iioii-l -u,rri-f lo_l I I -{-ln.r;rr ur]-t.sr r5 26.(r() l( ri.rxr i. zls.iir- 27.1O _!1,11. 1.93 I 7.5 rilxr J 1.t'l 8.0{ I i t Trlo I 250() 2t00 2(ltlt) r,srirJ i J6 l ! 12 I rs i rrr 2.2 6.5 I t2 r7sol-l?'so Tlr -f-I 8r{ll.il iro{r l-l{ro i-no i-7 25rlr) l nz I z.si-il.zo I tr'2]-iei I tis.s-T-i.<] 28.{{r : lr.JJ 8.r2 i 7.r) t.z+ T- i.irri itl , 'l'urhitlitr N-l'Li pS/cnr i i\lirr Scp( ('onrltrctir Scltt '1.3 I i a(l 6.6 6.5 , I ,1 .7 (r. tl 7.S i I 7.1 8.{ t:' l-?.' i;t]-Ls iz.iT-s^so iFl ,ll i.6 alr, 1.1 i 1.1 tt i 22' 1.6 r,.ir 1'lte rartgcs ril' cottccntrir(i<ln of ('tl.l)h, Zn. i\ln :rnd Ni in lilte r \l':lter of rivcr'l'igris obscn'cd irr this stuth' rtere. ND-2.75. ND -{2.s. 1.5-29.7. Nl) - 9.5 arrct ND - 20. pg/l leslleclivcll' ('l':rblc2).1'hcse r:rtrgcs rvcre bcklu'llrc conccntrntiorrs irr sornc poltutcd river sttclt :ts t'ivct''l'rvvrttvtr. rivc llhcidrrl. rivcr ll<lok - lrogtc llrrrrr. r'itt:r"l'lrva lurl river Rhine. ittttl lttttt'c tlt:trt (lrc conccttlril(iurrs ol' rrrrlrollrrlcrl rivcr l)crtr.;rut lrrr<l rivct.(lut:r ll2. l{l ('l'nblc 3) . 'Inhlc l'lc:rvv trrctal conccntrutions in lilterctl \r'utcr J Nl) iI .!]li lr.(15 i! I rlr Z.r I 28.(l oI rivcr 'l'i irr 1998. : 7.2 i r.f l.r I llr.7 i zv.t | 5.0 I z.s i z.s-IiT i z.s r.i- l-r.ilt I', 2l.ii i -i.?, T:o-i 15 I i] i.z'l lir.ri t'1.7 I s.l f.i-l-r.i :--.---'1-'j.':'- f -: -- t -::-r -ri -:- :'--t-i - - ---l-----' !,1!--f- z'tt-- 1- rttJ ; -2.?. -rylf ll.-_t.s l--N.rl- . i- _t.0_ _i__!!1,? _ i lll Nl) l(l-()S -l-tl |I ?0r) 20.0 Ii t< t.s i r< i r< i r< i rrrr I qrr l .!!,!'t Il_ ,I,q l,-Ntt Nl) --i.io 1.5() I Lr {.J t2s.() t.s I z.o I i.,r-l--r..r iri.ii -l-iir.ti i Nt) I 25.(} i| t.5 i l.s() -i \D ili Nl): Not l)t,tt.t,tcrl. l-1..4 ---ii.o l-di I I rii.i. T l.,j ;.s i2.,, I .ji..' It.t-l-iz.i I t.i i ,.i 1 a.i; j-r:i I ,i, iiii.ti ru.,r lir&rceil.i.li.lrri3i$J&a*liad:iaa;E,lji3:l!.- +d j :, ,_; :l l)lilrlts wcl.c (ollc((cd lioul lltc lllnjot \(lrli0 s (2.9 .t lJ) rrlriclr Ie;tr.cserrts tllc |lor.(lr. nriddlc:urd soutlt I)lrts of tltc ri1,et.. \'lethods rrst'd lbl thc collection arrtl sirrrrplc l)r'cl)lr':rtiorl s'erc dcscribed br'.\Pl-lA l9l. lltc rr:tttr santplt's rtcrc liltcred rrsirrg {1.-15 rrrrr (i17( rncrrrbr':rlc littcr anrl srrspcrr{c4 solitls lvel'c isolnt.'d. 'l'ltt' liltl'ltc rvas (hett rrcidilietl rvillr 1.5 rrrl ol l(rN IINOJ. lltcn couccntt.lrtc(l to abotlt 50 rrtl trsing lotit\':ll)or lll)l)lrirtus llodcl tlrrchi {61. Srrsllt,nclcd soli<ls rlcre drictl . rveighted untl tligesletl rvith l0 rnl of l6\ IINO-.1 rnrl hcrrtcd lirr' l hr. :rl 70-tt{)o( . 'l hc ertt'llct \\'its l'il(clctl rrntl rtr:tlic rrlt to 5() rrrl rritlr rlciorrizctl rr:rter lirr lrr.rrrv rrrclitls :rrlrlrris. -fhc sedinrcrtt slrnplcs dried ll 105'( lirr l2 hr rrrrrl porvtlclcrl rlith :rgute llistil lrnrl rltot't:rr, tllen I gru ol thc porltler'\rls (lilcslc(l lnrl prclt:rrcd Ior-lrc;rvl nlctill ilt,lllsis:ls nlentione(l uhovc. l'hc rvirlth and dcpth of thc rivcl tlcl'rcrtd ort tlrc scasonal tlisclr;ugcs urrtl llrc ntorphologv of thc rivcrl)cd l{l . ln thc l)rcserrt s(u(l\ l6 strrtiorrs rtclc clroscn irlotlg river' Tigris (fig. l). thesc rlcrc, Saddarn lt'scIYoir'(l).1\'losul (2). llrrrrarn r\l-.\lcl (3), Oirrra (-l) , llaiii (5). S:rrrrrllir lnrllouu(lnlcnl ((,) . llltirli\:rh (7) .\l-llutlurnr []r'irl*lr (lt)..\l.ltrnrhoria llridge (9) , T,alfrtrirnailt (l(!). S:rlnr:rr l):rli (l l). \rt:tttutnit'itlt (12). Krrt(lJ)..\li .\l-g:rrbi (l-l)...\ntrrlrr ( l5) and Qrrrrt:r(l(r). Dtrc to its conrrnelcial irrrltor'lirlcr'. tlre ljslr llirr lrrrs gl \'l)uj \\'irs sclcttqd l'()r' lrrl\'\ lllet:lls (lctcrtltitlrrtirtrr ll0l. (h|ec sltrcirrerr rrtrc collcc(crl lIortt e;tclt olllrc ttr:t.ittI sl:rliorts (l\lostrl. Batlrtllrrl rtrrtl lirrt) :rrrrl st0rcrl irr rrl'r iitt ir(ot'. l-ltt :ttltLttic l)lilrlls l)ot:lrrioLlcl{)rl Irrccls , I). l)cc(inutus , l'. llrrfoliatrrs . ( r'r rloplrr llrrrtt tlerrtrsttttt . \ ltllisrtclirr sltirultrs . l\lt,riophl,llrrrl Spiclttrrnr irn(l Sl)irog\'r'u sp rrclc crtllcctttl ltortt tltc ttliliol slxliotls, \Y:lsllc(l carcfullv rvith tlistillctl arrd rlcnrorrizctl rvrrtcl litt sclct itl litttt to tttitlitttiz-c tlte rontatlinlltio1 Srrfliciclt tvcight ol pl:rrrls lrrtl lislt rttrsclcs rtct'c tlrictl, ltttrltlcrctl, digcsted lnd prcp:u'cd for analysis as tnctrlionc(l ;.lrcliously. .\ll ihc solutions rvcrc an:tllzctl rrsing Shinradzrt 670 Atonric r\bsorption Spect ropllotoulctcr. \\/ater tctlll)cIil(lIc \\':rs nlcttsulrd rvitlt tt ttteltttrl' lllcl'tllolllclcl' (rrugc -10 to 60 (l) . 'l'hc ptl vfllu(s \1ct'e obt:titrcd using n (ligi(flI pol't:lblc l)ll- nlctcr (ccsl8, SCIIOTT GERATE). CoudrrctiYit\.aud trrrbiditl,rvcrc rncrsulcd in licld using a cligitnl portnhlc con(luctivitr- and trrrbitlitl rttc(cr (rrro(lel I t)3()0 ll,\('ll arrd l6tt00 I{ A(lH,rcsliectivelv). A nlodified \\irrliler nrctlo(l \rirs aPDlir:tl lirr tlissollctl orvgcrr dctcrurirrlliorr lr) | . llcstrlls:tn(l l) isc tr ss io tt \\' :rtcI clt:tr:tctcristics 'l'lrc rarrgcs ol \r,ttcr.(cIrl)cIirtuIC l0 2950, pll ?.51-S.fi5, colldtrctivitr'310-(r500 1rS/ctn' trrr.lri<litr. 1.2-lJ2 N',l tlir rl tlissuh,ctl o..,1r..rr 5.5 - ll..l llrt / l. (lrrl)lcl).,\ll tltest lirrrSes irft 'ligris.'l hc higlrr:l tcrllPclitt(trc \\';ts r\,ithin thc r ngr: giren t)\ Il7-oslilt | ,)ti0 l.ll lir lllc Iircr slro\yrr ilt S(. lJ (N,l1y), shilc tltc nrir\jnrnr pll ;rrul l)O rtcordc(l rl( St. 12, condrrctivitv at St.l6 rrn(l trrlhirlitv lt St. l'1. i\lctlls in liltcre(l \r:rtcr' ('lrcrniclrl rorrsti(Irttts in n:r(ruul \\rtcIs itrc ttltctt cit(cgrttizctl lts tlissolvctl (soltrblc. filtcralllr:) or. l)Ill licltlttC(norr- filtcr':rblc). .olttlrle tttclltls lllc iolls or tltcil ctttrtpttutrtls rrlriclr cirrr 1lrs.s throrrgh 0.{5 ltrit|orr liltt.r. irrrtl tllcst Ilrtlirls c\isl lls licc iolts ttr tttgattic :trtl irr6rg:t1ic clrctrric:tl torrrltotrrrtls or' soruc ol lltr.rrr :rrt rtssrrciltltll rlitlt tlrc c0lltlitlal prr t ic lcs . (,,,,,,'ii ;.:i:ir , /-.I':,ri r':rugcs rlcrc dctcrrrrincrl ir liltcr \!'iltcr'(ND - 2.75. NI) - 12.5. 1.5 - l9.l , \t) - 9.5 aud Nl) - 2t) pg/l. r'csl)cctilclvl. Srrspcndcrl solids rrrrrgcs rrcrc (Nl) - 1.5S.3.1 - lS{l , 2.1 - 20ltt ,22 -1787 and 17..1 - (rlJ pg/g (L\'\lciglrt), surlicill sedinrel(s(0.{- l.JS.l5 30.J , 2.1.8 - 35; l0l - 7J0 anrl 60 - 190 pg/g rlrv rveight) . lish l]:rlhus grvpus (ND - 0.025, 0.05 - 0.331 l-1.6 - 92.5 , Nt) - l.7l rrld 0.(r5 - 2.92 pg/g drr rlciglr(, rcspectirch.).'l'hc ilqttatic l)liltlt , itntl llrc rlgae SltiIogY|.rr sp. \c|c llso nrcasrrrerl. -l-lrc collccntliltiotl levels itt liltct rvatct rrclc rrilltirt tlrc lraqi liver rvutcl stlrrdarcls arrd rvitlr thc :n,crage of llre trrtpollutctl IiYcr uater stundlld in lhc rYoIld . ..\nront the dctcrrrrincd rrretals , Pb Ind Zn rvcre crist in fillcl rvater. rrrorc tlltrr olltcr rnctirls , i\,1n arrd Zn tycr.c thc highest in sttsltcttdcrl solitls , i\'lrr:trtd Ni irt scrlirttcrtls. 7-n \\lrs tlrc rrorc accrrurrrlirtctl nrctirls irr fislr . rvlrile l\'l n lfits thc nlost lcturlulutc(l in tlrr: irqrratir plarrts. No siglilicant sglatial vlriations ol thc lllctals cotlcetrtratious rvcre lourrd irr liltclcd \\'ir(rt but iu gcrrcrlrl there tlcre high coucentliltions in thc stations ndjuccnt to tlrc iuduslliul citics. Whilc sliglrtlv irrcreasing of the lnetal collccntrations iu suspended solids autl se(linrcn(s rvere nolicecl at nortlrerrr stlltions irl colnparison rvith southcru stltiorrs. It sccrucd tll:r( (hc conccrrtratiols of thc sttrdicd nretals itt rvatct, suspendcd solitls and scdinrcnts :lrc nolc at lorv tliscltar.gc than lhl(. dtrling lriglr tlisch:rrge pcriod. 1'hc lqrrlrlic l)llrls spccics P. l)cctinltus slrorvcJ a higS atlility to actrnurrlalc thc hcn\,\. nl(,tals lh:tn othcr.er;lntincd living biota clcrtrerrts Al-Arab .1'hc I ntrotl uction r\n aquatic ecosystettl ntav be cortsidcrcrl to consisl ol threc rcseryoirs lbr heavt nletltls. thesc itlc \r'Atc[. sedillrcnt lrrrtl biolrr . l\lctlll lcvcls in tlrcsc rcscrvoir.s :rr.c affcclc<l by the interactious of various physical , chenrical an<l biological f:rctor.s Il | . ln acklition , there are nratry externul factors thnt affcct the levels of hcavY rretuls iu thc aquatic ecosystenl r such ts , industl.inl ryastcs , agricrrltural flnd utrtrc:rted scrvage. The occul'retlce of high lcvcls ofheavy utetals irr thc aqrrltic ccosystenr rr.us consi{crcJ as rcal toxic polltrtan(s 12,31 . l)trc 1o heavv url):lnizrtion lntl tlrr prescnce of nrajor ilrllstrics along lhc rivcr Tigr:is, it is crpcrrrrl llr:rl srrrlr (or(litior) \'oul(l cfli,cl its ccosvstcnr in \':lli0us '\,r';lvs, ,rr.hich includc llossible hcrn l rrrrl:rls pollrrliorr. llivcl' f igris lttliscs itt'l-trll.islr lrigh l)lirtcru uc:r'[.,rzcrrrnr rr( irrr alti(rrtlc qt or.cr-2000 :tbovc sea ltvel. f igris is ncarlr' 2000 lirrr long, ol rvtrirh lJ(r0 liur luns througlr lraq (lig. I ) Irorh llortll to south, livc iribtrtarics (llirin in to tltc livcr: thc l(h,rbour, dr"ut"i nn,t Lcsscr the Atlhcvnr rnd the Diyrl:1. All thcse ri,,cIs, rvilh the initiar forcc proYided bv -ZlP. steep- slopcs' corrJ their erosion I)r'odlrcts into thc Plairr, r'her.c thcy joiu rhc iigr.is. Thus 'thc: drninagc .rcnrdf rbout.r6600 knrr lJl ln spitc of th" porucifur. thougf, strongry scnsonnl supply, tlre Tigris toscs its inrlletus d,rrr,st,cnnr antr the volurne of."ateidiminishcs dorvnstrcnnr A fl{tt slopc. l strong corrsrrrrr;ltiorr ofrvater'by irrig:rtio1 an6 nt dissipntiou in its southcrn strctrhcs dccrcast. thc cirrrcrrt of the rivcr. . 'ciocity Relath'clv linrited Ittrntberof worlis hn'c carrierl orrt to tle(erutinc tlre levclsoIhervv Ittct:tls iu .ile. Tigris fronr Baghrlarl (o Sh.tt ul-..\rrrb cs(rr:r.r. 1.1.5,6,7,n1.'l'hcsc rrorks strrdictl thc acctttrtttlltiott of heavv rnctals irr lislr rrnrl uqrrr(ic virscut:rr. I)lflnts. ln llrc, Ptcscnt stu(ll tlrc couccntrl{ion ol- (rl, l'h. Zn, lln irntl i\irvtr.e rlelcrrnincrl iu filrerr:d \1'Ittel'' stlsl)cll(lcd solitls, sedirtrcnts. lishcs und irqrltic pliutls ulong rivrr. f igris Ii.onr l\{ostrl to Qtrrnrt ltt l}asralr cily nrttl tlrcir colrcl:rti{)rr rri(h sonrc t'rrrir.orrrrrcl(al I-lclors ' rvcrc considcr,etl [\'l aterials . ln(l l\l ctho(ls Slntples rt'cre takctt tlrrrittg l\la\' - Sclllcrrbcl I99li rrlriclt corr.esllorrtls to 1ig1 arrrl lorv lcvt'l ol wltlcl dischrttg('sersor Iiorrr l6 slrrliorrs along rivcr l igris. \\,:rter.sirlplcs rrctt' cttllccled itt (r'iPlic:ttcs usiug :trirl l,r'c-\1 :rslrc(l polrctlrllcrrc Igttles, rrlrilc scrlirrrcnt sltrttltlcs rlctc ctlllcclctl rrsirtg tlcar pl:rslic :(()()l) :ur(l .i,,,.",1 i,r polvr.llrvlcrrc b:rgs. liislr arrrl 1 i I i I @ Sei..l. lr.rrrli \t',ntic l.nr't.g\ ( olrrtrrisrirrlr\\ ul -i.\,r C I llt0 l :t){rl.l r}Lr .i ,,,..r 4jlrr !r!t a...ij, i^i:,;; i_.i.,:r i:u: c}+ittJ i*iir.al 13 clr;ll3 u.al,.aJlJ e*1-o.rLtll 4.lJijll ;roLi"ll 4l1.l J+il 4St^Jl ciElj:tl3 ClLo.,,)I3 l;ul3_rll3 dlJ*ll3 ejJ. rf_Jl Distribution ol'some heavy metars in lvatcr-. sr.rspended sotids, sedime,ts , lishes ancl aquatic prants of the river Tigris, Iraq f$l*l yti, .r)Lll 3-*Jl +c c& ,* Jt-oji .'..rrr,-*!p rlt"ry*cr$s .r.-,tl drsJr-:, i!,.aG UIS* 3 Ilashccd. Ii.. ;\.., Sabri. .,\. \\/.., .,\t-LAnli, A. ,t.*, hassinl, T. I.* & Slrarvliat, S. li.- a--.a)-:Jl $[ ilrr Jt [.J +\l ;# 4+ # Js:dlJ j*jijjlt , j$l , ..Ft--,ll , p eyrlst jSt-r. c*q6 e. F:,29.7-0.0015. {2.5-u..-9..*l-l -#. 2.7S- iJ.JA }r( .=} e+J^it cr-cJ\ j i$lJil - u'J''4'r' JP) jls rie dJlcl sr tri (dlcl ..P gprrrj.;s;t-020-r.rJ*.,5.. JieJ 9.s g*jr,-r-r 'tt ill OjJl ,/el.p Jslel.p.l.,*l-612.(r-r7.4 jz7s7-22,zlr:lg-z.r, rs44.4-3.2,2.s8 730-300;5. 85-24.s . 30.3-15, 1.35-0.4) &rl .:+. rrotl ,rbt .+"1_1.!l qp ,-.rt," . )dlJ3jl .,Je '.rlc J-+xlJ i*iij.llJ cl.i-jlll trto.!ll p3sarlsl jLrlr irJJl rx el, Jsl etrol-Ar- (190-60 3 J* .92.5-l{.6.0.3JJ-0.05.0.25- c.r.p >*-) -, q Jii-LJ*d\ 3t^-, +3 r-i ."-.:tr!r d JSlJill *lt{ .Jt$l L,le it+ll ji-Cl .r^ rt,p Js.t rl:':Ar- (2.916-0.65 r 1.716_ g*j,.-r. i-tr.rlt &ti.J"-url . .,,,.+Jl Jr,a-.Jl # lotj'lr :ll .r\ -r p \rL.rc\ s>,r _Jr <i,x^.-r. jurri\\ . :;3u JFill ru'rr f;11rj qlrror .:Lr+ill e/ 4rJ.r ei.J.ll rr-oJ o.l +!irr .;,,aLirlr js) Jt4 j:dij^Jl . d,JJrnll ,!^ll ,/ .s-rtYl yLi'll j$lr .1" _pl gU Jilt _l crl--,ll -,;SU Ot (J,. aeJl+ is^* *,-s lii:-lJ: -/oi iu.,:!ii ui !-i Lir. ,,*r-lJl # JqJrJ ',iniJ\ . ,jlJrJ i $)rl 4rilt .',al :.r1 rJL--,-J jlrr:t ejrjjll .,-;ri . qtJr .:Elrir\ # \,5i r:ci ;li:.:rj, .LqJl eiJlJ,ill q-.g ili:lt -,-l-ll -rs-, Jl t^s. (rcu;\ ,,.r1 l-,Jtr.'\ ,!oj1 .P A-EJj:r'l,o.]:.rr.rrr .:ll -rjSl-i.11 .,:lJj,rll GLi.I . q13,ift ,jLl..*]I jr" ,&\ 'ilyat . ^r,";Jt ;&U^lf =.s:.S.1 -tJr\J . dul -+"'.-ill J,.aL LJti" irLl-ill . i:J"4.!l J-.d Jxi +.ur.L ..,..r, :.rl.rj\ -G J,^ar.ril The co.cc,rratio, orc'd, pb,z^,*::iIllrl,.",,,.,,r,rr.crt irr't-igr.is r.i'er.. Ttre stirdy in l6 stations nlong tlrc rivcr l'r'uru its cnlr':urcc to ils cgrrflrrcpcc irr Slrntt rvas cotttlttcte<l r+,"- rr! r:('5 .=._€ ijrrii r- KJ."*,ii lri1 i!,Joji i !-l .