COTTA & VERZICHELLI
COMPARATIVE
POLITICAL
INSTITUTIONS
4
1
Political Institutions in Italy focuses on the most recent developments in Italian politics,
particularly those of the last ten to fifteen years. A longer historical perspective, covering the
post-war period, is also included, providing the reader with the tools for understanding this
period of change.
The book addresses a number of themes, paradoxes and problems inherent in Italian politics.
The first theme concerns the shifting balance between the central administration and the
periphery. The second theme concerns the divide between governing parties and permanent
oppositions. The third theme relates to the mix of political discontinuity and instability with a
simultaneous stability of political parties.
Finally, the book considers the relationship between the Italian domestic system and the
international system. In particular, it examines the impact of the East–West international divide
on Italian politics and the Italian party system, and the relationship between Italy and Europe,
and Italy’s strong support of European integration.
CONTENTS
1 The Italian Polity and its Long-Term Transformations
2 The Republic of Parties: From Deadlock to Bipolar Alternation
3 Electoral Systems and Elections: Between Unfinished Reforms and a Fairly
Stable Electorate
4 The Executive: A Long Tradition of Weak and Unstable Government Comes
to an End?
5 The Parliament: A Case of Continuous Institutional Adaptation
6 Local Government: The Long-Term Path Towards a Federal System
7 Bureaucracy and Regulatory Bodies: From Immobility to Permanent Reforms
8 Judicial Power: An Unresolved Conflict with Politics
9 Conclusion
9 780199 284702
ISBN 978-0-19-928470-2
Cover images: Design Pics/Punchstock; Kathy deWitt/Alamy
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS IN ITALY
MAURIZIO COTTA &
LUCA VERZICHELLI
POLITICAL
INSTITUTIONS
IN ITALY
COMPARATIVE
POLITICAL
INSTITUTIONS
4
COMPARATIVE
COTTA & VERZICHELLI
POLITICAL
I NSTITUTIONS
Political Institutions in Italy focuses on the most recent developments in Italian politics,
particularly those of the last ten to fifteen years. A longer historical perspective, covering the
post-war period, is also included, providing the reader with the tools for understanding this
period of change.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS IN ITALY
The book addresses a number of themes, paradoxes and problems inherent in Italian politics.
The first theme concerns the shifting balance between the central administration and the
periphery. The second theme concerns the divide between governing parties and permanent
oppositions. The third theme relates to the mix of political discontinuity and instability with a
simultaneous stability of political parties.
Finally, the book considers the relationship between the Italian domestic system and the
international system. In particular, it examines the impact of the East–West international divide
on Italian politics and the Italian party system, and the relationship between Italy and Europe,
and Italy’s strong support of European integration.
1
The Italian Polity and its Long-Term Transformations
2
The Republic of Parties: From Deadlock to Bipolar Alternation
3
Electoral Systems and Elections: Between Unfinished Reforms and a Fairly
Stable Electorate
4
The Executive: A Long Tradition of Weak and Unstable Government Comes
to an End?
5
The Parliament: A Case of Continuous Institutional Adaptation
6
Local Government: The Long-Term Path Towards a Federal System
7
Bureaucracy and Regulatory Bodies: From Immobility to Permanent Reforms
8
Judicial Power: An Unresolved Conflict with Politics
9
Conclusion
9 780199 284702
4
1
ISBN 978-0-19-928470-2
Cover images: Design Pics/Punchstock; Kathy deWitt/Alamy
CONTENTS
COMPARATIVE
4
POLITICAL
I NSTITUTIONS
POLITICAL
INSTITUTIONS
IN ITALY
MAURIZIO COTTA &
LUCA VERZICHELLI
Related Papers
Location:
The Dolomite mine is at the western edge of the Southern Inyo Mountains and the eastern flank of Owens Lake. The Carson and Colorado Railroad passed through Dolomite on the way to Keeler.
Former Names
Inyo Marble Quarry, Brooklyn Talc Mine, Lakeview Talc Mine
History
Logan (1947) wrote the following history of the Dolomite (Inyo Marble) Mines:
Inyo Marble Company's deposits have been described in many Division of Mines reports since 1888, when the original company of this name began work. The marble is found on the southwest side of the Inyo Range from just east of Swansea on the narrow-gauge Nevada & California Railroad on the northeast side of Owens Lake, northwestward for several miles, rising steeply on the northeast from an elevation of 3700 feet. The railroad runs along the east side of the valley within less than 1 mile of the deposit for the entire distance (Logan, 1947:244).
Work by the original Inyo Marble Company began in 1888. Near the surface the marble was found to be shattered, but later work made it possible to take out blocks weighing from 15 to 18 tons each. The early work was on a dense, white marble, about 3 miles northwest of Swansea. A little south of this a bed of white, yellow, gray, and black marble was found. About half a mile north, a quarry was opened in yellow marble, and a quarry of black marble, used for floor tiling was also worked. Marble production in Inyo County was recorded in Division of Mines reports from 1894-98 ; from 1903-07 inclusive, and in 1913-14. The total for these periods was 78,400 cubic feet valued at $219,300, all believed to have come from this property. Later production of marble in the county continued irregularly until 1930, but details are concealed. During the early periods of production at least up to 1908, the rough marble was shipped north over the railroad to Truckee where the old company had a marble sawing and dressing plant. The marble was used in the Mills Building and others in San Francisco (Logan, 1947:244).
Sometime later, prior to 1916, the claims were idle and were allowed to lapse. They were relocated by the present owners who also took the name Inyo Marble Company. They filed on 24 association claims of 160 acres each. Of these, they have obtained patents for 320 acres in sections 10 and 11, 120 acres in section 24, and 40 acres in section 25, all in T. 16 S., R. 37 E., M. D.; also 200 acres in section 19 and 120 acres in section 30, both in T. 16 S., R. 38 E., M. D. (Logan, 1947:244).
The E Clampus Vitus historical monument dedicated June 17, 2006 at Dolomite reads:
In 1862 this high quality deposit of dolomitic limestone was discovered. Its remote location delayed development until 1883, when the Carson & Colorado Railroad was constructed. In 1885, Drew Haven Dunn filed a mining claim and the Inyo Marble Company began quarrying operations. The property was purchased in 1959 by Premiere Marble Products. They produced dolomite marble in several colors and its final product is widely used in terrazzo flooring, roofing, landscaping and chemical filters.
Premiere Marble was purchased by its present owner Federal White Aggregates, in 1992 and continues operations to this day. It is the largest dolomite marble mine in the United States. A recent survey of the mines [sic] potential revealed that the dolomite deposit is approximately seven miles long and 1,400 feet deep, giving it a virtual unlimited supply for many years to come. Plant superintendent, Manuel Castro has generously donated these large white dolomite rocks for Slim Princess Chapter's historic plaques for the past 35 years.
The beautiful white dolomite with golden flecks at the Dolomite mines was use for building stone and tombstones. It was also used to make the white grains in the sidewalk stars on the Hollowood walk of fame.
Geology
The host formation Ordovician to Devonian Hidden Valley Dolomite and Ely Springs Dolomite. The beautiful white dolomite on the Federal White Aggregate quarries were bleached by dacite dikes that cut through these formations at the mine sites (Merriam, 1963; Jennings, 1958).
The Dolomite mines are listed in MRDS (2011) as talc-soapstone, silica, limestone, calcium and asbestos deposits.
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CSN LAB, 2022
The Cibali Régie Tobacco Factory employed an incredibly diverse workforce in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. In Unity from Struggle, Küçük discusses workers’ experiences of industrial action in response to fears of increasing mechanisation. Workers at the Cibali Tobacco Factory joined forces, signing petitions and going on strike multiple times to protest poor working conditions and low wages. Despite differences in age, gender, religion, ethnicity and nationality, Küçük uses documentary evidence to show the clear solidarity felt between these workers, with people from very different backgrounds coming together to support one another in their fight for justice. The tobacco factory strikes are, thus, another example of the thriving multicultural life of early 20th century Balat.
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Dynamic expansion in the measure of waste and abominable unloading of waste has gotten a matter of concern because of the threat it causes to the environment. There comes the vital role of automated waste segregation which avoids this plight and also reduces the difficulty of recycling. The significance and the financial estimation of waste is acknowledged as it were at the point when it is isolated. As of now there is no such framework for isolation of dry and wet squanders. This project proposes a spot automatic waste segregation unit that effectively gives a solution to this problem. In order to segregate wet and dry waste capacitive sensors are used. The advantages of this work are, the waste has a higher potential for recovery and the labor work is also reduced which indeed reduces labor cost. Keywords— Waste segregation, dry and wet waste detection, capacitive sensing, IoT.
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El present escrit es una exposicio de diferents experiencies de traduccio portades a terme en un entorn de repressio accentuada, particularment en entorns carceraris. Es descriuen exemples de diferents casos, des dels mes antics de l’epoca classica fins als mes recents dels segles XX i XXI. A partir de l’examen d’aquests casos i recolzant en l’opinio personal dels traductors concernits, aquest treball soste que la traduccio posseeix, com una de les seves potencialitats, la capacitat d’alleujar les penes de les persones empresonades pel poder de suggestio i d’evasio que es inherent a aquesta practica linguistica.
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El presente informe ejecutivo de la encuesta piloto ‘Percepción y preparación ante procesos de riesgo de desastre en Ñuble’ ofrece una síntesis gráfica de los principales resultados obtenidos a fines de 2023 en los hogares de los habitantes de Ñuble. Este instrumento tuvo como objetivo caracterizar la percepción de la comunidad respecto a los riesgos de desastres socionaturales, así como su nivel de preparación y respuesta ante tales eventos. A través de la recopilación de datos, también se busca identificar áreas de fortaleza y oportunidades de mejora en la gestión del riesgo de desastres socionaturales a nivel regional, provincial y comunal. El informe se divide en tres apartados. En la primera parte, se presenta el apartado metodológico, detallando las características procedimentales de aplicación, así como las características sociodemográficas de los participantes. En la segunda parte, se presentan los principales resultados de los cuatro temas abordados: i) Experiencias previas ante desastres, ii) Comunicación del riesgo, iii) Preparación ante procesos de riesgo de desastre, y iv) Resiliencia percibida En el último apartado de conclusiones, se desarrolla una síntesis general destacando dos ideas clave: la importancia de contar con datos regionales, provinciales y comunales para el desarrollo de intervenciones específicas y pertinentes, así como la inclusión del fortalecimiento comunitario en los planes integrales de gestión del riesgo existentes. En función de lo anterior, como Centro de Estudios Ñuble de la Universidad del Bío- Bío, esperamos que este documento no solo sirva como una primera aproximación a la percepción ciudadana sobre el proceso de riesgo de desastre, su preparación y comunicación en Ñuble, sino que también sea un recurso académico para desarrollar (con datos científicos fundamentados) planes y programas de intervención enfocados en reducir la vulnerabilidad desde una perspectiva territorial.
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Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences, 2012
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Online social networks are more and more studied. The links between users of a social network are important and have to be well qualified in order to detect communities and find influencers for example. In this paper, we present an approach based on the theory of belief functions to estimate the degrees of cognitive independence between users in a social network. We experiment the proposed method on a large amount of data gathered from the Twitter social network.
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Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2011
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加拿大文凭办理UNB毕业证最新版案例-咨询购买新不伦瑞克大学毕业证成绩单》《Q微信/1954292140》【1比1定做加拿大文凭证书】新不伦瑞克大学毕业证学历证书公证新不伦瑞克大学毕业证学历文凭如可办理、原版制作UNB成绩单UNB毕业证购买、《新不伦瑞克大学毕业证》、《加拿大新不伦瑞克大学毕业证成绩单》、加拿大新不伦瑞克大学文凭英文1比1定做高仿加拿大UNB admission letter新不伦瑞克大学Bachelor Diploma。
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4,学分转移、联合办学等情况复杂不知道怎么整理材料的。
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二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况,这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的,而且国内没有渠道去查询国外学历认证的真假,也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此,办理一份毕业证成绩单《1比1定做新不伦瑞克大学毕业证书范本》【Q/微1954292140】《UNB转学成绩单原版仿制》即可。
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国外院校也是阶级性的,大二升大三只有大二所有的课程通过了之后才能进入大三课程的就读。在挂科之后《1比1定做新不伦瑞克大学毕业证书范本》【Q/微1954 292 140】《UNB转学成绩单原版仿制》虽然是可以补考,但是补考之后如果没有通过会视情况而定,有的可以给到重修的机会,有的会直接被开除。其实当遇到这样的问题时,首先要跟院校确认,补考没通过是否还有重修机会,如果直接被开除了《加拿大文凭英文高仿新不伦瑞克大学毕业证书范本》【Q/微1954 292 140】《原版仿制新不伦瑞克大学转学成绩单》,那么是可以向学校进行申诉。如果确实是有一些特殊情况影响到学习是可以向学校争取减轻处罚。如果申诉失败了,可以转学到其他院校就读,或者找“办证QQ微信1954 292 140”、办理国外文凭毕业证成绩单《UNB毕业证书范本1比1定做》【Q/微1954 292 140】《高仿新不伦瑞克大学文凭英文》,但挂科被开除,能转的院校也是一些比较差的院校,毕竟好的院校是不接受有挂科的学生的。能转多少学分,转学过后需要读几年也是转学过后的院校来决定的事情。
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Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2020
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Sri Lanka Journal of Medicine, 2020
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Scientific Reports, 2016
In type 1 diabetes, restoration of normoglycemia can be achieved if the autoimmune attack on beta cells ceases and insulin requirement is met by the residual beta cells. We hypothesize that an adjunctive therapy that reduces insulin demand by increasing insulin sensitivity will improve the efficacy of an immunotherapy in reversing diabetes. We tested the gut microbiota-modulating prebiotic, oligofructose (OFS), as the adjunctive therapy. We treated non-obese diabetic mice with an immunotherapy, monoclonal anti-CD3 antibody (aCD3), with or without concurrent dietary supplement of OFS. After 8 weeks of OFS supplement, the group that received both aCD3 and OFS (aCD3 + OFS) had a higher diabetes remission rate than the group that received aCD3 alone. The aCD3 + OFS group had higher insulin sensitivity accompanied by reduced lymphocytic infiltrate into the pancreatic islets, higher beta-cell proliferation rate, higher pancreatic insulin content, and secreted more insulin in response to g...
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