ALIYU MOHAMMED

Title page Approval page Dedication Acknowledgement Table of Content Abstract CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the study 1.2 Statement of Research Problem 1.3 Objective of the study 1.4 Research Question 1.5 Statement of Hypothesis 1.6 Significance of the study 1.7 Scope of the study 1.8 Limitations of the study CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 History of Information Technology 2.2 Role of Information Technology 2.3 Information Technology used in Accounting Information System 2.4 Application of Information Technology in Nigerian Banking Industry 2.5 Challenges of Information Technology in Nigeria Banking Industry 2.6 Concepts of Information Technology 2.7 Impact of Information Technology in Nigeria’s Banking Industry 2.8 Characteristics that enable Banks to Out Perform CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY 3.1 Design of the study 3.2 Sources and Instruments of Data Collection 3.3 Research Population and Sample Size 3.4 Techniques of Data Analysis and Justification CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION 4.1 Data Presentation 4.2 Data Analysis and Presentation 4.3 Test of Hypothesis 4.4 Summary and Discussion of the Findings CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 5.1 Summary 5.2 Conclusion 5.3 Recommendation 5.4 Bibliography  CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Every Organization Private or Public, profit making or non-profit making, large or small scale, uses accounting information to make decisions, and the information need vary according to information each users require (Nickels, Mcchugh,& M.SM. 2002). Initially the appropriate information was prepared manually by the accountant, and this has a number of drawbacks. With the advent of Information Technology, the accountant now has at his disposal a number of accounting information tools that help in simplifying issues and providing quality information for the organization he/she renders services to. The sector that has been most radically affected by this development is the financial sector (Hassan, 2010). The usage of information technology, broadly referring to computers and peripheral equipment has been a tremendous growth in service industries in recent past. The most obvious example is perhaps the banking industry, where through the introduction of information technology related products in internet banking, electronic payments, security investment and stock exchange, banks now provide more diverse services to customers with less manpower (Berger, 2003). Information to a modern organization is a resource that is parallel in importance to land, labour and capital. It is a very vital and priceless resource. For centuries, man has tried to collect, store, process and retrieve information, and most importantly distribute or communicate it via the fastest means. Information therefore, is data that have been processed into meaningful and useable form and it contains knowledge that reduces uncertainty in a particular situation ( Senn, 1999). However, information technology is a term which generally covers the harnessing of electronic technology for the information needs of businesses at all levels. Today’s business environment is very dynamic and undergoes rapid changes as a result of technology innovations, increased awareness and demands from customers. Business organizations, especially the banking sector of the 21st century operates in a complex and competitive environment characterized by these changing conditions and highly unpredictable economic climate. Laudon and laudon, (1991), contend that managers cannot ignore information technology, because it plays a critical role in the advancement of contemporary organization. Implementation of information technology were started in the early 2000s with emphasis of the adoption of core banking solutions, centralization of operations and complete automation of banks. Information technology and e – banking have now become the key elements for strengthening the competitiveness of the national economy and improving the productivity and efficiency of both private and government banks. However, access to and use of these technologies remains extremely uneven. According to Rahman I. (2008) the banking industry in Nigeria has witnessed tremendous changes linked with developments in information technology over the years. The quest for survival, global relevance, maintenance of existing market share and sustainable development has made exploitation of the many advantages of automated devices imperative in the banking industry. It is against this backdrop that this study seeks to examine the impact of information technology on accounting information system with particular reference to first Bank of Nigeria (FBN) Plc. 1.2 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH PROBLEMS The Nigerian banking industry is characterized by high degree of inefficiency and ineffectiveness (Agboola, A.A, 2006). Banks in Nigeria render substandard and non qualitative services to their customers, and their delivery systems are antiquated and poor. Many banks in Nigeria have failed and liquidated in the past as fraud and related financial crimes was committed. This is owing to the fait that our bank still depend on ledger card and branch local network banking transactions when banking transaction in now “do it yourself affairs” in the advanced countries through network and online server provider. Also “accurate records are not maintained in most of our banks, prompt and fair attention is not granted to customers” (Amaoko, A, 2012). All these lapses and deficiencies has accounted for the under development that is been experienced in our banking sector to withstand global competition from other banks in developed nations. The problems arises as to how information technology can be applied to banking operations in order to develop and improve the Nigerian Banking Industry. The uses of information technology in accounting information system in first bank of Nigeria (FBN) Ltd does only bring about high productivity in terms of profitability (cost of expenditure related to acquisition of information). Despite the easy access to accounting software, limitations still exists based on how well – trained the staff is and how confident they are in using the software. User error is a potential problem that could create in correct accounting data for the company. 1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The objective of this study research work is to determine the impact of information technology on accounting information system in first bank Nigeria (FBN) Ltd. specifically, other objectives are: To determine the relationship between information technology on the accounting information system. To examine whether or not information technology in accounting information system helps to enhance banks performance in terms of profit in first bank Nigeria (FBN) Ltd. To determine whether access to banking services depends on factors influencing on service accessibility. To identify the demographic profile of customers involved in the use of modern day banking services. 1.4 RESEARCH QUESTION Does information technology helps to enhance bank performance in terms of profitability in first bank of Nigeria (FBN) Ltd? To what extent does information technology has significant relationship with accounting information system in first bank of Nigeria (FBN) Ltd?. 1.5 STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESIS Below is the hypothesis formulated to be tested: Hi: There is significant influence between information technology and the accounting information system in first bank of Nigeria (FBN) Plc, Bida branch. 1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY The primary purpose of information technology on accounting information system is to positively influence the performance of banks. At the end of this research work, the research will disclose that accounting information technology can bring about equivalent condition to profit and facilitate transactions between customers and their bank through easy means such as e-banking, e-business and so on. This study can as well be a base for further research work by other scholars, as it serve as a reference material. 1.7 SCOPE OF THE STUDY The study covers the impact of information technology on the accounting information system of first bank Nigeria (FBN) Plc, Bida branch, Niger State. The study focuses on the performance and profitability of First Bank of Nigeria Bida, Niger State. The study period is two years (2013 – 2014) both years inclusive. 1.8 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY Finance is one of the constraints that hindered the smooth conduct of this research, because it restricted the number of journeys to be made to study areas to collect data. Other limitations are: Questionnaire that was served were not fully returned. This has limited the extent of expected. The bank understudy unwillingness to give responses, and also relevant information to the study, has little effect on final generalization. However, these limitations have no significant effect on the final outcome of the study.  CHAPTER TWO 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 HISTORY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY The term “information” evolved in the 1970s. It basic concept, however, can be traced to the world Want alliance of the military and industry in the development of electronics, computers and information theory. After the 1940s, the military remain the major source of research and development funding ford the expansion of automation to replace manpower with machine power. Since the 1950s, four generations of computers have evolved. Each generation reflected a change of hardware of deceased size but increased capabilities to control computer operations. The first generation used vacuum tubes, the second generation used transistors, the third used integrated circuits, and the fourth used integrated circuits in a single computer chip. Advances in artificial intelligence that will minimize the need for complex programming characterize the fifth generation of computers still in the experimental stage. The first commercial computer was the UNIVACI, developed by John Eckert W. Mauchly in 1951. It was used by the census bureau to predict the outcome of the 1952 Presidential election. For the next twenty – five years mainframe computers in large corporations to do calculations and manipulate large amount of information stored in data bases. Supercomputers were used in science and engineering for designing aircraft and nuclear, and for predicting world wide weather patterns. Minicomputers came on to science in the early 198ps in small business manufacturing plants and factories. Id. 1975, the Massachusetts institute of technology developed microcomputers. In 1976, Taudy corporations first radio shark microcomputer followed, the apple microcomputer was introduced in 1977. The market for microcomputer increased dramatically when IBM introduced the first personal computer in the fall of 1981. Because of dramatic improvement in computer components and manufacturing, personal computers today do more than the largest computers of the mid 1960s at about a thousandth of the cost. They are supercomputer, mainframe, minicomputer and microcomputer, more commonly known as a personal computer categories include desk top, network, laptop, and handheld . 2.2 ROLE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY The role of information technology in Nigerian banking industry cannot be over emphasized. Information technology has contributed immensely to the growth and development of Nigerian banking sector. Some of the Vital roles of information technology in the Nigerian banking sector are discussed below: according to Rahaman (2008). Information technology has opened new markets, new products, new services and efficient delivery channels for the Nigerian banking sector. Outline electronic banking, mobile banking and internet banking are few examples. Information technology has provided the Nigerian banking industry with the wherewithal to deal with the challenges that the new economy poses. Information technology has been the corner stone of recent financial sector reforms aimed at increasing the speed and reliability of financial operations and of initiatives to strengthen the financial sector. The information technology revolution has set the stage for unprecedented increase in financial activity in Nigerian banks. The progress of technology and the development of world wide networks has significantly reduced the cost of global fund transfer. Information technology enables Nigerian banks in meeting with the high expectations of customers who are more demanding and more techno – savvy compared to their counterparts in yester – years. Customers demand instant, anytime and anywhere banking facilities. Information technology has been providing solutions to Nigerian banks in terms of taking care of their accounting and back – office requirements. This has, however, now given way to large scale in services aimed at customers of banks. Information technology has also facilitates the introduction of new delivery channels in the form of Automated Teller Machine (ATM), net banking, mobile banking and stock exchange. Furthermore, information technology deployment as assumed a high level that is no longer possible for banks to manage their information technology implementation on a stand alone basis. With information technology revolution, banks are increasing inter – connecting their computer system not only across branches in some cities in Nigeria, but also to other geo – political locations with high speed network infrastructure and setting up local area and wide area network and connecting them to the internet. As a result, information technology systems and networks are now exposed to a growing number of Nigerian banks. Information technology is very vital for any economy that intends to experience meaningful growth because it makes arrangement that brings borrowers and lenders of financial resource together and more efficiently too than if they had to relate directly with one another (Adam, 1998) 2.3 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY USED IN ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEM Organization employs multiple forms of information technology in their accounting information system. (Hurt, 2008) contend that some of the information technology tools that are often used in accounting information system are: Relational Databases: An example of database software is the Microsoft Access. Like spread sheets, relational database can capture many different kinds of data. They can perform some elementary types of analysis (such as calculating means) and out – put various reports. Unlike spreadsheets, however, database uses can create powerful queries to extract sunsets of data based on certain criteria. Spreadsheets: The two most popular today are Excel and spreadsheet (SPSS) can be for virtually any task that requires computations. A company’s end – off period financial statements could be exported to a spreadsheet and presented graphically to the board of directors. General ledger system: General ledger systems are often organized into modules to facilitate strong internal control. In a well designed generation ledger system, employees will have access only to the module that pertains directly to their responsibilities. This helps in guarding against fraud. Peachtree First Accounting Package can effectively be used to manage general ledger system. On the impact of computer technology on accounting, Nickets, W.G., J.M. Mchugh and M.S.M.(2005). Observed that most companies have found that computers greatly simplify the task, enabling managers and other employees to get financial reports exactly when they want them. This to a large extent is responsible for the increasing dependent and deployment of information technology in the Banking industry. 2.4 APPLICATION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN NIGERIAN BANKING INDUATRY The adoption of information technology in Nigerian Banking sector has paved way for new products, new services and efficient delivery channels. Some of these products and services include. Internet Banking: internet banking is changing the Nigerian banking industry and is having the major effects on banking relationships. Even the Morgan Stanley Dean Wilier internet research emphasized that, “web is more important for retail financial services than for many other industries.” Internet banking involves the use of internet for delivering of banking products and services. It falls into four main categories, from level 1 – minimum functionality sites that offer only access to deposit account date – to level 4 sites – highly sophisticated offerings enabling integrated sales of additional products and access to other financial services such as investment and insurance. A successful internet banking solution offers Exceptional rates in savings CDs and IRAs. Checking with no monthly fee, free bill payment and relates on ATM surcharges. 24 –hour account access. Quality customer service with personal attention. Internet banking is a cost – effective delivery channel for financial institutions. Customers are embracing the many benefits of internet banking. Thus, internet banking starts once the banks goes through technology integration effort to enable the customer to access information about his or her specific account relationship. The six primary drives of internet banking are: Improve customer access. Facilitate the offering of more services. Increase customer’s loyalty. Attract new customers. Provide services offered by competitors. Reduce customer’s attention. The most important concern in internet banking is security. ii Mobile Banking: Mobile banking is a form of banking in which customers perform banking operations on his or her cell phone, or other mobile device. It is a quite popular method of banking that fits in well with a busy technologically oriented lifestyle. It might also be referred to as M –banking or SMS banking. Most banks render the following services through phone banking: Check your account balance. Demit related queries. Card to card fund transfer. iii Electronic Fund Transfer (EFT). This is a system that provides for payments electronically, rather than the use of paper, cheques or currencies. It is a system of transferring money from one bank account directly to another without any paper or money changing hands. Electronic Fund transfer (EFT) is a computer – based systems used to perform financial transactions electronically. This service is used for a number of different concepts: It is use by bank cardholder to terminate transactions via the use of a payment card. Sale: Where the cardholder pays for goods and services. Refund: Where a merchant refunds an earlier payment made by cardholder. Withdrawals: Where cardholders withdraws funds from their account from their account e.g from ATM. Enquiry: This is concerned with transactions without financial impact, for instance balance enquiry or request for a statement of recent transactions. Automated Teller Machine (ATM) This is another product of technological development in banking operations that has enjoyed global acceptability. The automated teller machines (ATM) were introduced in the retail banks with the objective of reducing personal costs associated with traditional “teller window” customers services transactions. 2.5 CHALLENGES OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN NIGERIAN BANKING INDUSTRY The adoption of information technology by Nigerian Banks brought with its new challenges for bank Management and regulatory and supervision authorities. This stem from the reliance on information technology to provide banking services with the necessary security. Some of these challenges include: Regulatory risk: Because the internet allows service to be provided from anywhere in the world, there is a danger that banks in Nigeria will try to avoid regulation and supervision. What can regulation do? They can require even banks that provide their services from a remote location through the internet to be licensed. Licensing would be particularly appropriate where supervision is weak and corporation between a virtual bank and the home supervision is not adequate. Licensing is the norm, for example, in the European Union. A virtual bank licensed outside their jurisdiction that wishes to offer electronic banking services and take deposits must first establish a licensed branch. Determining when a banks electronic services trigger, the need for a license may be difficult, but indications showing where banking services originate and where they are provided can help. Reputational Risk: Breaches of security and description to the systems availability can damage Nigerian banks reputation. The more Nigerian banks depends on electronic delivery channels, the greater the potential for reputational risks. If one electronic bank encounters problems that cause customers to lose confidence in electronic delivery channels as a whole or to view bank failure as system supervisory deficiencies, these problems/challenges can potentially affect other providers of electronic banking services. Reputational risk also stem from misuse of security precautions or ignorance about the need for such precautions. Security risk can be amplified and may result in a loss of confidence in electronic delivery channels. Leal Risk: Electronic banking carries heightened legal Risks for Nigerian banks. Nigerian banks can potentially expand the geographical scope of their services faster through electronic banking than through traditional banking. In some cases, however, they might not be fully vast in a jurisdiction local laws and regulations before they begin to offer services there, either with a license or without a license is not required. Some of the banks that lack contact with the supervisory authorities may find it difficult to abreast of regulatory changes. As a consequence, some banks would unknowingly violate customer protection laws, including on data collection, privacy and regulations on soliciting. In doing so, they expose themselves to losses through lawsuits or crime that are not prosecuted because of jurisdictional disputes. Operational Risk: The reliance on new technology to provide services makes security and system availability the control operational risk in electronic banking. Security threats can come from inside or outside the system, so banking regulations and supervisors in Nigeria must ensure that banks have appropriate practices in place to guarantee the confidentiality of data as well as the integrity of the system and the data. Bank security practice should be regularly tested and an reviewed by outside experts to analyze the network vulnerabilities and recovery preparedness. Capacity planning to address increasing transaction volumes and new technological developments should take account of the budgetary impact of new investments, the ability to attract staff with the necessary expertise, and potential dependence on external services providers. Managing heightening operational risks need to be integral part of Nigerian banks overall management of risk, and supervisory need to include operational risk in their safety and soundness evaluations. 2.6 IMPACT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN NIGERIA BANKING INDUSTRY The following include some of the major impacts of information technology in Nigeria’s banking industry: GSM Banking: This mode of e –banking makes use of the Global system for Mobile Communication (GSM) Phones as the primary electronic device. GSM has improved the operational efficiency of many banks in the country. The mobile banking services basically allow customers to operate their accounts with the operating banks from mobile phones to a large extent as long as their phones and network support short messaging service (SMS). The user could be able to check account balance up to his two last transactions. Automatic Teller Machines (ATMs) Automatic teller machines (ATMs) are a computer controlled device that dispenses cash, and may provide other services to customers who identify themselves with a personal identification number ATM dispenses cash at any time of the day and night, while the traditional method were customers have to queue for a very long time in order to withdraw cash or transfer funds. Adoption of the Information Communication Technology Integrated Project: Banks in Nigeria have successfully completed information and communication technology integration project which enables them to communicate easily, across as many employees as possible within and outside the counting to deliver radically – enhanced customer – centric services. Funds Transfer Customer can now electronically transfer funds across the globe without any problems or delay as compared to the traditional method before the advent of information technology when funds are seriously delayed before they are delivered to the recipients. On – line Banking With the aid of information technology, online Banking provides the opportunity of paying bills and performing transactions of any kind electronically. Electronic payments can be credited or debited the same day. Customers can make payment for goods or services without necessarily coming in contact with physical cash and running the risk of handling a large amount of money. Electronic Mail Information Technology has given rise to electronic mail which improves communication between individuals, external parties and the bank within or a cross various geographical regions or boundaries. The availability of online information provides bankers and customers with a powerful vehicle for research. Bankers Automated Cleaning Services: This involves the use of magnetic Ink Character Reader (MICR) for cheque processing. It is capable of encoding, reading and sorting cheques. Also, request for cheques or purchase of draft can be made and granted via electronic devices that are web – enable. Summarily, the impact of information technology in banking industries in Nigeria cannot be over-emphasized. It has provide flexible and convenient services to customers. Most current – banking applications make use of the internet which allows customers to obtain current balances at any time. Customers do not need to bother themselves once money have been deposited or withdraw from their accounts as most banks in Nigeria employs the use of short message service (SMS) to intimate customers of their balances immediately the transaction is performed. 2.7 CHARACTERISTICS THAT ENABLE BANKS TO OUT PERFORM The structure of the Nigerian financial services identify changed drastically during the period under review, bringing about significant changes in the market (E.W Woherem, 2000). Within the context of current development and with increased breadth and depth of competition, the task of identifying the unique characters that will enable any bank outperform its peers in becoming more challenging. The industry according to Oluwagbemi, Abah and Achimugu (2011) is now characterized by the following interesting dynamics: Development Business Models Nigerian banks are rapidly internationalizing; a trend must visibly demonstrated by the number of Nigerian banks opening branches across West Africa Whilst new players, especially foreign banks may soon. Energy banks have returned to the capital market to share up their share holder’s funds beyond the required minimum level, to enable them play more actively in the international arena. Customer Sophistication The general re – emergence of the Nigerian middle class has given rise to a class of knowledgeable and financially savvy customers. Their bench marks for service quality have also risen, aided by the intension competition among financial service providers to attract new customers. It is no longer just sufficient to provide products, but to align these closely with specific customers segments and their identified expectations. Technology In response to the demands for quick, efficient and reliable services, industry players are increasingly deploying technology as a means of generating insights into customers behavioral patterns and preferences. Well developed out sourcing support functions (technology and operations) are increasingly being used to provide services and manage cost (e.g. Automated Teller Machine networks, cards processing, bill presentment and payments, software Development, call centre operations and Network management) Regulation and Supervision Regulations are also moving towards global best practices, as they gain visible improved appreciation of Basle II plus compliance. The range of risks it faces, which is why at united Bank Africa (UBA) for instance, have adopted self – regulatory methods by addressing risks through a rigorous enterprise – wide risk management frame work. However, the scope and dimension of financial services in the foreseeable future will be different from the present, in terms of the character of players, dynamism of business models, competitiveness, customers expectations, the degree of internationalization, adjustment to technological trends and innovations, as well as the standards of the underlying infrastructure. UBA have positioned themselves in line with these emerging trends. Specifically, the bank is looking beyond Ghana (the most popular destination for most Nigerian banks right now), and consider other virgin territories in sub – Saharan Africa which hold great potential, in view of the expected inflow of donor reconstruction funds, oil exploration funds and increased regional trade (S.A Akpore, 1998). 2.8 CONCEPT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY According to Odunfunwa, b. (2002), information technology is a body of tools with the convergence communications and computers. Goldberg (2002) destribes information technology as a series of machines that can execute sequence of instructions. The sequence of instruction is a programmed made particularly flexible and not rigid and can be changed depending on the information being processed. Information technology can be defined as modern handling information via electronic means, which involves its access, strategy processing transportation or transfer and delivery (Ige, 1995). Information technology is the automation of processes, control and information production using computers, telecommunications, software and ancillary requirements such as automated teller machine and debt cards (Khalifa 2000). It is a term that generally covers the harnessing of electronic technology for the information needs, for businesses at all levels. CHAPTER THREE 3.1 DESIGN OF THE STUDY The research design for the study is descriptive and exploratory survey designs. These are employed because they are advantageous for assessing large and small populations especially when a small population is to be derived from large one . 3.2 SOURCES AND INSTRUMENT OF DATA COLLECTION The study employed the use of both primary and secondary data. Primary data were sourced through issuing questionnaires to respondent to get information from them. On the secondary data, relevant information were sourced from journals, magazines and annual financial report of first bank Nigeria (FBN) PLC – covering the period of 3 years (2013 – 2015). 3.3 RESEARCH POPULATION AND SAMPLE SIZE The population of this study comprise the 150 questionnaires distributed to staff of first bank Nigeria (FBN) PLC and the customers who access the services in First Bank Nigeria (FBN) PLC, Bida branch. The sample size is based on the 120 questionnaires returned by staff and customers of the bank. 3.4 TECHNIQUES OF DATA ANALYSIS AND JUSTIFICATION The data analytical techniques adopted in analyzing the data obtained from the questionnaire administered, is the statistical techniques. The statistical technique employed in testing the hypothesis is the chi – square (x2) test. The justification for the use of the above technique is because, it is advantageous in measuring whether there is independent homogeneity between observed proportion in the study and the expected proportions. Formular for chi – square = x2 = ∑ (o - E)2 ÷ E Where x2 = chi – square ∑ = summation (sigma) O = observed frequency E = expected frequency DECISION RULE ACCEPT Ho, if calculated value is less than, or equal to table otherwise Reject. i.e. Accept Ho if X2t > X2 cal and Reject Ho if X2t < X2 cal.  CHAPTER FOUR DATA PRESENTATION ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION 4.1 DATA PRESENTATION Questionnaire ranging from 1-150 were distributed to staff of First Bank of Nigeria (FBN) Plc and the customers who access the service in First Bank Nigeria (FBN) Plc Bida Branch. However, 120 questionnaires were dully completed and retuned representing a response of 80% not response of 20%. 4.2 DATA ANALYSIS PRESENTATION Below is the general hypothetical tabulation of the analysis of the questionnaires that were administered. Table-1 General Demographic profile of respondents RESPONSE NO OF RESPONSE PERCENTAGE (%) Male 74 61.67 Female 46 38.33 Total 120 100 Source: field survey (2016) Table-1 above shows that 10% respondents representing 12 are male staff and 52.67% respondents representing 62 are male customers; while 6.67% respondent representing 8 are female staff, and 31.66% respondent representing 38 are customers. Generally, we have 61% respondent representing 74 male and 38.33% respondents representing 46 females. In conclusion, there are more male respondent than that of female respondents. TABLE-2 GENERAL ACADEMIC QUALIFICATION RESPONSE NO OF RESPONSE PERCENTAGE (%) BSc/HND 33 27.5 Masters Degree 7 5.83 PHD 6 5 SSCE 15 12.5 Others 59 49.17 Total 120 100 Source: field survey. 2016 Table-2 above shows that 4.17% respondent representing 5 are staff and 23.33 respondent representing 28 are customers with BSc/HND qualification. 1.67% respondent representing 2 are staff and 4.17% respondent representing 14 are customers with Phd qualification. O.83% respondent representing I is a staff and 11.67% respondents representing 14 are customers with SSXE qualification. 9.17% representing 11 are staff and 40% respondent representing 48 are customers with other qualification. In conclusion, there are more respondents with other qualification because it has general response of 49.17% respondent representing 59. TABLE-3: GENERAL RESPONSE ON INFORMATION TIME SAVING RESPONSE NO OF RESPONSE PERCENTAGE (%) Strongly Agree 67 55.83 Agree 42 35 Undecided 6 5 Strongly Disagree 2 1.67 Disagree 3 2.5 Total 120 100 Source: field survey (2016) Table-3 above show that 7.5% respondents representing 9 are staff that strongly agreed and 48.33% respondents representing 58 are customers. 7.5% representing 9 are staff and 27.5% respondents representing customers that agreed. 1.67% respondents representing 2 are staff and 3.33% respondent representing 4 are customers whom were undecided. 1.67% respondents representing 2 are customer whom strongly disagreed and 2.5% respondent representing 3 are customers whom disagreed. It can be concluded that majority of the respondents believes that adoption of information Technology saves time TABLE -4GENERAL RESPONDENTS ABOUT INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ON ACCURATE RECORD KEEPING RESPONSE NO OF RESPONSE PERCENTAGE (%) Strongly agree 51 42.5 Agree 60 50 Undecided 4 3.33 Strongly Disagree 2 1.67 Disagree 3 2.5 Total 120 100 Source: field survey (2016) Table-4 above shows that 6.67% respondents representing 8 are staff and 35.83% respondent representing 43 are customer whom strongly agreed. 5.83% respondent representing 7 are staff and 44.17% respondent representing 53 are customers whom agreed. 3.33% respondents are staffs whom were undecided. 0.83% respondent representing 1is a staff and 0.83% respondent representing 1 is customer whom strongly disagreed and 2.5% respondent representing3 were customers whom disagreed. Generally most of the respondent agreed that adoption of information Technology helps in accurate record-keeping. Table-5 general response about significant relationship on Information Technology with accounting Information system in First Bank Nigeria (FBN) plc, Bida Branch RESPONSE NO OF RESPONSE PERCENTAGE (%) Strongly agree 59 49.17 Agree 42 35 Undecided 8 6.67 Strongly Disagree 5 4.17 Disagree 6 5 Total 120 100 Source: field survey (2016) Table-5 above shows that 6.67% respondent representing 51are customers whom strongly agreed. 5.83% respondent representing 7 are staff and 30.83% respondent representing 37 are customers that agreed. 3.33% respondent representing 4 are staff and 3.33% respondent representing customers whom disagreed. Form the table, it can be generally observed that most of the respondents strongly agreed that adoption of Information Technology has significant relationship with accounting Information system in first Bank Nigeria (FBN) plc, Bida branch. Table-6. General response Information Technology facilitate wide and speedy service delivery in first bank Nigeria (FBN)plc., Bida branch RESPONSE NO OF RESPONSE PERCENTAGE (%) Strongly agree 58 48.33 Agree 30 25 Undecided 0 0 Strongly Disagree 22 18.33 Disagree 10 8.33 Total 120 100 Source: field survey (2016) Table-6 above shows 7.5% respondent representing 9 are staff and 40.83 respondent representing 49 are customers that strongly agreed. 7.5% respondent representing 9 are staff and 17.5% respondent representing 21 are customers that agreed. 1.67% respondent representing 2 are staff and 16.67% respondent representing 20 were customers that strongly disagreed. 8.33% respondent representing 10 were only customers that disagreed. Generally 48.33 % respondent representing 58 strongly that implementation of Information Technology in first Bank Nigeria (FBN) plc, Bida branch, facilitate wide and speedy service delivery. Table 7: General response about information technology cost reduction. RESPONSE NO OF RESPONSE PERCENTAGE (%) Strongly agree 47 39.17 Agree 40 33.33 Undecided 25 20.83 Strongly Disagree 3 2.5 Disagree 5 4.17 Total 120 100 Source: Field Survey (2016) Table 7: above show 10% respondent representing 12 are staff and 29.17% respondent representing35 are customers that strongly agreed. 6.67% respondents representing 8 are staff and 26.67 respondent representing 32 are customers that agreed. 20.83% respondent representing 25 are customers that when undecided. 2.5% respondent representing 3 are only customers that strongly disagreed. 4.17% respondents representing 5 are only customers that disagreed. In conclusion, 39.17% respondent representing 47 opined that information technology in accounting information system reduces and First Bank Nigeria (FBN) Plc., Bida branch operational cost. Table 8: General response about work increament as a result of exposure to the use of accounting information system influenced by information Technology RESPONSE NO OF RESPONSE PERCENTAGE (%) Strongly agree 40 33.33 Agree 45 37.5 Undecided 18 15 Strongly Disagree 13 10.83 Disagree 4 3.33 Total 120 100 Source: Field Survey (2016) Table 8 above shows 10.83% respondent representing 13 are staff and 22.5% respondent representing 27 are customers that strongly agreed 3.33% respondent representing 4 are staff and 34.17% respondent representing 41 are customers whom agreed 2.5% respondent representing 5 are staff and 12.5% respondent representing 15 are customers that were undecided 10.83% respondent representing 13 are only customers that strongly disagreed. 3.33% respondent representing 4 are customers that were undecided. Generally 27.5% respondent representing 45 agreed that percentage of work increases as a result of exposure to the use of accounting information system influenced by information technology. Table 9: General response about information technology in positive effect on turn over and profit – base. RESPONSE NO: OF RESPONSE PERCENTAGE (%) Strongly agree 33 27.5 Agree 56 46.67 Undecided 30 25 Strongly Disagree 1 0.83 Disagree 0 0 Total 120 100 Source: Field Survey (2016) Table -9 above shows 10% respondent representing 12 staff and 17.5% respondent representing 21 customers that strongly agreed. 6.67% respondent representing 8 staff and 40% respondent representing 48 customers whom agreed. 25% respondent representing 30 are customers that were undecided. 0.85% respondents representing 1 are only customers that strongly disagreed. In general conclusion, 46.67% respondent representing 56 agreed adoption of information representing has positive effect on the turnover and profit – base of First Bank Nigeria (FBN) Plc, Bida branch. Table 10: General response about customers satisfaction on adoption of information Technology RESPONSE NO OF RESPONSE PERCENTAGE (%) Strongly agree 45 37.5 Agree 15 12.5 Undecided 40 33.33 Strongly Disagree 13 10.83 Disagree 7 5.83 Total 120 100 Source: Field Survey (2016) Table -10 above shows 12.5% respondent representing 15 staff and 25% respondent representing 30 are customers that strongly agreed. 3.22% respondent representing 4 staff and 9.17% respondent representing customers whom agreed. 0.83% respondents representing 1 is a staff and 32.5% respondents representing 39 are customer as that were undecided 10.83% respondent are only customers that strongly disagreed 5.83% respondents representing 7 are customers that disagreed. Generally, 37.5% respondents representing 45 strongly agreed that customers are satisfied with the adoption of information technology by First Bank Nigeria (FBN) Plc, Bida branch TEST OF HYPOTHESIS Alternative (Hi): there is significant relationship between information technology and the accounting information system in First Bank Nigeria (FBN) Plc, Bida branch Response Observed frequencies (o) Expected (E) frequencies O – E (O-E)2 (O-E)2 E Strongly agree 51 24 27 729 30.38 Agree 42 24 18 324 13.5 Undecided 10 24 -14 196 8.17 Strongly Disagree 5 24 -19 361 15.04 Disagree 12 24 -12 144 6 Total 120 100 73.09 Calculated value = 73.09 Table value = 93.945 at 5% or 0.05 level of significance. Since the calculated value is lower than table value i.e X2Cal: 73.09 < X2 tab: 93.945, we therefore accept Hi (alternative hypothesis) which implies that there is significant relationship between information technology and the accounting information system in First Bank Nigeria (FBN) Plc, Bida branch. SUMMARY AND DISCUSSION OF THE FINDINGS This research work was embarked upon in order to look into the impact of information technology on accounting information system of First Bank Nigeria (FBN) Plc. However, based on the data analysis carried out in chapter four (4) the following findings were made at the end of the study: The level of customer’s satisfaction has increased tremendously since the implementation of Information Technology in first Bank of Nigeria (FBN) Plc. The introduction of information technology has enhanced the efficiency and effectiveness of First Bank Nigeria (FBN) Plc. Information Technology has boosted the turnover and profit base of first bank Nigeria (FBN) Plc. The availability of online system makes it easy for inter-bank communication without necessarily visiting the branches. The use of accounting information system such as accounting software in the banking industry has led to the timely and accurate preparation of reports, as customers have limitless access to banking service through the aid of internet banking. This was stated in the study of Rahman (2008).  CHAPTER FIVE SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 5.1 SUMMARY Information Technology has already become the nervous system of first bank Nigeria (FBN) Plc and the banks all over the world. As we move into the new Millennium, First Bank of Nigeria (FBN) Plc will become uncompetitive if they do not have the means to deliver their banking services online and in real time across all their branches in the country and abroad. They need to invest a lot more on information technology both in terms of installed base, staffing and training of information technology staffs, as well as training of all categories of the bank staff to become Information Technology literature. 5.2 CONCLUSION There are indeed no doubts that first Bank of Nigeria (FBN) Plc have taken the advantage of information technology to enhance its operations. Today it has website on the internet in order to extend its services globally, provide executive services and promote quality of services delivery (L.O.Ugwu 2000). The study revealed that information technology on accounting information system has appreciable positive impact on First Bank of Nigeria (FBN) Plc performance, banking transactions, bank’s productivity, bank patronage, customer service and bank’s service delivery. 5.3 RECOMMENDATIONS The application of information technology in First Bank Nigeria (FBN) Plc is faced with a lot of challenges. In the light of the study, questionnaires, discussions and observations, the researcher is able o makes the following recommendations: The use of Information Technology in First Bank of Nigeria (FBN) Plc should not only be restricted to the cities alone, rural banking should also be improved upon. From time to time there should be enlightenment given to the general public through the various media on how to use some of the Information Technology of equipments like the smart cards, ATM etc and its importance should also be made to the public. Staff should be used side by side with information Technology rather than reducing human capital which will in turn lead to unemployment in the country. The banks should improved more on its information technology so as to enhance productivity. All banks must continue to utilize and upgrade their information technology for efficient service delivery and profitability because a competitive banking industry relationship with customers have to be developed and maintained at all cost, irrespective of the service delivery channel. As the use of information technology on accounting information system because more relevant, the enforcement of backups and recovery procedures are very essential so as to provide contingencies planning for network downtime. More importantly, information technology access controls (password) are deemed necessary.  BIBLIOGRAPHY Agboola A.A (2006) “electronic payment systems and tele-banking services in Nigeria,” journal of internet banking and commerce, Vol. 11 (3) pp. 1-10 Amaoko, A (2012) “th impact of information communication technology (ICT) on banking operations in Ghana,” international Journal of business and management Tomorrow, Vol. 2(3), pp. 34-43. L.O. 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