BIJ-

Bonfring International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management Science, Vol. 9, No. 1, March 2019 6 A Study on Artificial Intelligence M. Suvetha, S. Swathi, M. Rani, S. Vinoth and R. Suriya Abstract--Artificial intelligence (AI) is a multidisciplinary field where it automates activities but earlier it based on human intelligence. Generally the functions of AI are based on a knowledge base of facts and systems domain of proficiency. Artificial Intelligence is seen as the subfield of computer science and it has enhanced human life in many areas. Today AI is mostly used in medical diagnostics and also it had improved the performance in manufacturing and service systems. Nowadays experts systems are used to solve complex problem using AI such as Engineering business, medicine, Weather Forecasting. In general it is the science and engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer programs. Keywords--- Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science, Human Intelligence. I. ABOUT ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE A RTIFICIAL intelligence is about broad branch of computer science. The goal of AI is to create systems that can function intelligently and independent. Apart from that AI is the field of speech recognition. It is based on statistics mostly. So it is called as statistical learning. In AI there is natural Learning Process (NLP). There is a computer vision, it falls under the symbolic way for computer to process information. The vision is recognized through image processing. It is the field of robotics and pattern recognition. It is very effective because AI can be seen in more dimensions. It is a type of machine learning. The human brain is replicated by cognitive capabilities in machines. It is used to read complex learning known as deep learning. There is two ways of working in Artificial Intelligence: a) Symbolic based b) Data based For the data based line called machine learning, we have to feed lot of data. In simple Artificial Intelligence is the replicate of human with the help of machine. II. HISTORY OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE In the period of second world war, Alan Turing who was M. Suvetha, PG Student, Department of Management Rangasamy School of Management, Tiruchengode. E-mail: suvethasaraswathi@gmail.com S. Swathi, PG Student, Department of Management Rangasamy School of Management, Tiruchengode. M. Rani, PG Student, Department of Management Rangasamy School of Management, Tiruchengode. S. Vinoth, PG Student, Department of Management Rangasamy School of Management, Tiruchengode. R. Suriya, PG Student, Department of Management Rangasamy School of Management, Tiruchengode. DOI:10.9756/BIJIEMS.9025 Studies, K.S. Studies, K.S. Studies, K.S. computer scientist in British worked to crack the “Enigma” code which was used by German forces to send messages securely. With the help of team members he created the Bombe machine that was used to decipher Enigma’s messages. In 1956 American computer scientist John McCarthy organized Dartmouth Conference at the Artificial Intelligence was first adopted. An Serious Research about AI In 1950’s John McCarthy as known as father of AI, developed the LISP programming language which became important in machine learning. In 1960’s scientists worked on Machine Vision Learning and developing machine learning in robots. WABOT-1 the first intelligent humanoid robot was built in Japan inn 1972. Bunch of Opportunities in AI In 1990’s American Corporations once again became interested in AI. Developers of AI believed that soon computers would be able to carry on conversions, translate languages, interpret pictures. It also having more space ability to store large amount of data’s that are already having in the companies. The most reputed companies like Amazon, Google, Baidu are used for their huge commercial advantage. In 1984 Electric Dreams is released, all about a love triangle between a man and woman and a personal computer. In 1933 Vernorvinge publishes “The Coming Technological singularity”, He created this system to superhuman intelligence. Then after human era will be ended. AI in the Future Artificial Intelligence is more influencing in now-a-days and it has developing in future also. AI needs to be more reliable and secure against in the sensitive areas, namely autonomous driving or medicine. Now AI research is going on about thinking about AI and humans how it can be comparative. Professor Matthais Hein at the university of Tubingen, working on these III. FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Artificial intelligence is based on disciplines such as computer science, Biology, Psychology, Linguistics, Mathematics, and Engineering. Commonly AI is about the functions of computer is combined with human intelligence. The human intelligence are so called as reasoning, learning, and problem solving. Some of the components to built intelligent system are as follows: Studies, K.S. Studies, K.S. ISSN 2277-5056 | © 2019 Bonfring Bonfring International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management Science, Vol. 9, No. 1, March 2019 7 V. APPLICATIONS OF AI Nature Language Generation It is a tool that produces text from computer data. Mostly used in customer service oriented, report generation, and business intelligence. Speech Recognition It transforms the human speech into a format that is useful for computer application. Currently it is used in interactive voice response systems and mobile applications. Machine Learning Application Program Interface development and training toolkits, data as well as computing power to design, train, and deploy model into applications. Today companies like Amazon, Facebook, Google, IBM, and Microsoft are focusing on the development of Artificial Intelligence in their business. Some of the accelerating components of artificial intelligence and machine learning are as follows; a) Next generation computing architecture b) Access to historical datasets c) Advances in Deep Neural Networks. IV. MYTHS ABOUT ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Some of the myths and fact about artificial intelligence are as follows. 1) MYTH: Super intelligence by 2100 is inevitable and impossible. FACT: AI can happen either in decades or in centuries 2) MYTH: Luddites are worried about AI FACT: Artificial intelligence researchers are also concerned about it. 3) MYTH: Artificial Intelligence is turned evil. FACT: Artificial intelligence in turned into competent. 4) MYTH: Robots are focused in Artificial intelligence FACT: it is about misaligned intelligence and only needs internet connection. 5) MYTH: Peoples think that a machine does not have goals. FACT: Machines have also some goals such as missile. In general some other myths about artificial intelligence; • • • • • • AI is going to replace all jobs in future Only low skilled and manual workers will be replaced by AI and automation Super intelligent computers will become better than humans at doing anything we can do. Artificial Intelligence will quickly overtake and outpace human intelligence. AI will lead to the destruction of enslavement of the human race by superior robotic beings. Artificial intelligence will try to destroy humanity Biometrics It is basically used for the purpose of humans and for their physical and behavioral traits. Biometrics are used for the identification and access control. Useful to identify individuals in a group and its currently used in market research. Usages in Business Artificial Intelligence is used in business for reputative works and having more complexity in works that can be handled by the humans. Applications in Education It provides grading, giving educators more time. It adapts to the needs of the students and helping them to work at a own place. Applications in Logistic and Supply Chain When we compare with customer data and analytics, Physical artificial intelligence removes friction from the customer experience. It expects the short usage of time to manufacture and deliver the products from manufacturer to customer. VI. IMPACTS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN EVERYDAY LIFE In our day to day life we came to know that many technologies are implemented One such technology is artificial intelligence It can be stated that it is the simulation or processes by machines particularly computer systems with the help of human intelligence. The main goal of artificial intelligence is to create technology that allows machines to function in clever manner. In real world application its uses is a wide range. Students from biomedical, social science, mathematical, computer sciences applying their skills of communicating with individuals and cooperative problem solving. Now we can discuss how artificial intelligence is implementing in our day to day life and many features are included in Android Pie and iOS 12. 1. Smartphone All we know that today smart phone playing an important part in our daily life. All persons having smart phone For example, small worker working in lathe having this phone. People can’t know that they are interacting with artificial ISSN 2277-5056 | © 2019 Bonfring Bonfring International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management Science, Vol. 9, No. 1, March 2019 intelligence except few one. While we shooting picture feature of artificial intelligence such as portrait mode effect is helping behind. Google Pixel 2 can capture such great portrait shots in the camera using a single lens. Features of AI like scene detection, mixed and virtual reality elements might help in future. 2. Smart Cars and Drones The smart car and drone manufacturer are mainly using this Artificial intelligence. Few years back we dream for automatic car but today companies like Tesla made it as realistic. The result of such dream is semi-automatic cars on the road. By using drone programs militaries all over the world having using this features. Companies like Walmart and amazon are performing well through heavy investment in drone programs. Social Media Feeds The primary force behind the rise of social media is internet and mobile technologies. The social media using nowa-days is twitter facebook you tube instagram and snapchat. In all this social media decisions are being impacted by artificial intelligence. The technology provided by AI is for information dissemination, content generation and interactive communications. Some web-based applications supports social media functions include weblogs, micrologs social bookmarks web communities social networking and life streams. 9. Smart Home Devices Artificial intelligence is used in our houses in the form of home service robots, cleaning robots, entertainment robots. 10. Security and Surveillance Board surveillance system using this AI. For humans it is difficult task of monitoring multiple monitors but after using AI it made easier. Object recognition and facial recognition are done using this AI. There are some ways Artificial Intelligence might affect us in the future: – • • • • • • 3. 4. Music and Media Streaming Services The impact of AI on music and media streaming services on daily basis. Audio and music analysis are done by creating algorithms. Investigating and retrieving music related information for novel types of computer-based music services. Example - Spotify, Netflix or YouTube are using AI for making decisions. 5. Object Recognition and Facial Recognition In early days, AI is used by the video game industry. The highest achievement for AI is players have to make decisions every second, and beating pro players in such a dynamic game Most interesting use of AI we have seen in the Middle Earth series of games where your enemies which are controlled by AI. 6. Online Ads Network The frequent users of artificial intelligence is the online ad industry. AI is used not only to track user statistics but also serve us ads based on those statistics. The global digital ad industry has crossed 250 billion US dollars. 7. Navigation and Travel Most of the people travel from one place to another. People uses Google or Apple Maps for navigating, or calling an Uber, or booking a flight ticket only by using this AI. 8. Banking and Finance Banking and finance industry uses artificial intelligence customer service, fraud protection and investment Example: automated emails that you receive from banks. AI watching over your bank account and trying to warn you of any fraud. 8 Virtual Personal Assistants Fraud Detection Cyborg Technology Healthcare Banking Smart Home Devices VII. ADVANTAGES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Artificial intelligence is complex in nature. Because it is a complicated mixture of computer science, mathematics and other complex sciences. Complex programming is machines that replicate cognitive abilities of human beings. 1. Error Reduction It helps the leader to understand the people for a deliberately managing and an individual’s of the event that they make error. 2. Difficult Exploration Here the difficulty level of these, wildlife and fauna guests that encounter a clothing and/ an equipment guests that can take back home with a gift after the trip. 3. Daily Application It uses drink boxes. And other materials like recycling of plastics and aluminum. 4. Digital Assistants Software companies may introduce digital assistants as well, as Spiro’s AI assistant, there is a capable instructions to update a system records and they can generate a reports These are all the language recognition, under a digital assistants. 5. Repetitive Jobs It is a research boring jobs that has been reduced between 20-50% of a factory under a bookmark string threader. 6. Medical Applications It is a data mining for a knowledge of medical experts. It is a learning – based medical systems under a signal and an image processing techniques. 7. No Breaks It is a big believer of a capitalism today, so that everyone is equal to capitalism under a break down perspective…By the end, here the applications of AI in public, military, and robotics. This is an end, of AI and it knows what we can do for them in future, and it has been a whole society of robots. ISSN 2277-5056 | © 2019 Bonfring Bonfring International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management Science, Vol. 9, No. 1, March 2019 VIII. DISADVANTAGES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE It will cost lot of money and time to build, rebuild, and repair. It will be fixed by humans to reduce the robotic repair. If we coded in a proper manner they can learn and get better. It will not work outside of what we programmed for. This can prevent common sense occurring. Even if coded with common sense it seems hard for them to get as much common sense that humans could. It can replace all the jobs, because of unemployment, and AI can’t do any severely change of a government to communism. It can be used in Smartphone’s and other technology by a dependent on mental capacities. It lead to destruction, and a wrong hands. And it is a fear of many humans. 1. High Costs Here it is a custom – built of AI solution for reality, supply chain, optimization, historic performance analysis, or content categorization, these are higher. Than a custom AI development company. 2. Can’t Think Out of Box Here the problem need a new solution and firstly need to take a think outside the box, it is of a patterns challenge of a great skill and learn, a more knowledge about it. 3. Unemployment An amount of social unemployment of ethical issues by pressing social issues with respect to AI technologies. 4. Can’t Feel Compassion and Sympathy Here the argument limitations by Harvard Business Review. And it can never replace our emotional intelligence. But the advanced technology is ingesting and analyzing data or manufacturing operations. AI applications has been more clear about compelling, like medicine, financial counseling, teaching, business consulting, are a robots beat. And all coach by a motivate team of employees are differently. 9 symbol structures and symbolic operations that can be presented in a digital computer. And it will not wait for a conclusion to that debate, there are few model of human intelligence. This intelligence behavior is a solving problems, and inferences for learning to understand language that are coded in computer programs, and a limited domain to identify the disease of soybean plants, that the great challenge of AI is a representing way to a knowledge and carry out a wide range of conversation, along with a busy street to support the complexity of human thought. REFERENCES [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] P. Hayes and S. Weinstein, “Constru-TIS: A System for Content-based Indexing of a Database of News Stories”, Proc. 2nd Conf. Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence, Assoc. for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI), pp. 49–64, 1990. 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G.F. Luger, “Artificial intelligence: structures and strategies for complex problem solving”, Pearson education, 2005. B. Boulay, NJ Nilsson, Artificial Intelligence: A New Synthesis T. Dean, J. Allen and Y. Aloimonos, Artificial Intelligence: Theory and Practice D. Poole, A. Mackworth and R. Goebel, Computational Intelligence: A Logical Approach S. Russell and P. Norvig, Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach. Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 125, No. 1-2, Pp. 227-232, 2001. It is a wisest strategy to be irreplaceable to “invest in developing your emotional intelligence”. These jobs are improved by AI of a human component necessity. Here it is an intelligent behavior and an understanding language, and very limited domains, to identifying a diseases of soybean plants, it is a wide ranging of conversation, to support the complexity of human thought. IX. CONCLUSION This intelligence is a life of one side interest and surprise that the new ideas, topics and innovations, products … etc This is implemented by the intelligent robots. And the level to compete in the market that the robots may show in T.V by the hidden projects and the development of industrial companies. That the brief history of application of AI in public, application of AI in military, these are the three rules of robotics. In future, it will be a part of whole society robots. It is a new enterprise to build computational models of intelligence. This intelligence can be represented by the ISSN 2277-5056 | © 2019 Bonfring