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PREFACE Saurshtra University has designed versatile courses like BCA and PGDCA. This courses focus on the development of student in the field of information technology. This field is every expanding and developing. To keep pace with the global requirements and challenges we must develop ourselves uptodate in this field. To take the students to the international platform and prepare them to face the challanges of information technology (the next generation) Saurashtra University has not only introduced but also developed such courses in the favour of students. By being in BCA for three years the student almost passes through all the areas of information technology viz. programming, web-designing, software analysis, web-programming, embedded programming, etc. Networking is also one such important area where students can focus on and develop themselves. To cope up with the industry and bring good results with the University Exams one must have good tools/weapons to fight competition. With this book, we are trying to give such tool/weapon to students so that they can prepare themselves to face the challenges of the future competition. The book is desinged in the way that is most understanding and comprehensive to students and their grasping power. The language used by the author is simple and easy to understand. The topics are divided into subtopics and points that are easy to grasp and remember. The book focuses on the minute details of the chapters and their topics as per the syllabus weightage. Important questions are also summerized at the end of each chapter that will enable the students on the exact topics that are important from the chapter and for scoring marks. The book also contains appropriate graphics and examples for better understanding. This book will also be useful as the last minute revision guide to the exam as the topics are represented in pointwise fashion for easy rememberance. In short, through this book we are trying to fill the requirement of students for the subject material for SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERING subject. This is our maiden project and is bound to contain some errors non-technical in nature. We regret such errors if any and would like to have your feedback on this book. The feedback form is included in this book after this page. We, wish you all the very best to for the subject for University Exams.
Systems analysis is the dissection of a system into its component pieces for purposes of studying how those component pieces interact and work [Edwa89]. Structured analysis was one the first formal strategies developed for systems analysis of information systems and computer applications [Whit98]. Modern structured analysis is a process-centered technique that is used to model requirements for a system. The models are structured pictures that illustrate the processes, inputs, outputs, and files required to respond to events. Structured analysis introduced an overall strategy that has been adopted by many of the other techniques – model-driven development. A model is a representation of reality. Just as 'a picture is worth a thousand words,' most models use pictures to represent reality. Model-driven development techniques emphasize the drawing of models to define requirements and system designs. The model becomes the design blueprint for constructing the final system. Before developing this model, however, it is essential to identify the components that will make up the system to be designed. In order to best aid the machine designer and reduce the design time, the following key elements were identified: an implicit solver to solve
International Journal of Education, Culture and Society
Islam: The Complete, Functional and Practical Guide to Life2024 •
People say developed countries became developed by following secularism while Muslim countries became backward by following Islam. This is false perception. In fact developed countries are following Islamic principles unknowingly in all the areas of development; Islamic principles of rule of law, justice, honesty, integrity, research and knowledge learning, development and application. Developed countries and corruption ridden Muslim countries are self harming in all those areas where they are not following Islamic principles; resource intensive hedonism, predatory economic and financial policies, corruption, fraud, injustice, prejudice and selective exploitation of people. Latest development in many developed countries is adoption of prohibition of smoking in public places and this is also based on Islamic principle of avoiding greater harm. So Islam is an essential aspect of humanity’s existence. It teaches us how to conduct ourselves in all aspects of life in a morally and legally upright manner. Islam created a well-defined system of laws governing moral behavior, civil and political rights, social issues and rights, marriage and divorce laws, inheritance rights, and all other matters we deal with daily. It serves as a guide to life in all its facets and is not just for the mosque. Since Islam is logical and rational, it keeps a Muslim free from confusion of any kind. These are some of the main points raised in the paper regarding how Islam is a comprehensive, functional, and practical code of life. Nine major relevant and significant fields have been discussed: the Islamic political system, law and legal system, Jihad, economic system, education system, marriage and family, Islamic society, the mindset, and the hijab. The discussion is analytical and comparative addressing secular ideologies based on Islamic texts and social sciences. The paper establishes that the Islamic system is the alternative system that can replace secular ideologies. This paper has been summarized from a broader and larger discussion of the same topic.
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