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Foreign Affairs
Nuclear Power and Nuclear Bombs1979 •
The nuclear proliferation problem, as posed, is insoluble. All policies to control proliferation have assumed that the rapid worldwide spread of nuclear power is essential to reduce dependence on oil, economically desirable, and inevitable; that efforts to inhibit the concomitant ...
Nuclear weapon as a treat to ınternatıonal securıty
Nuclear weapon as a treat to ınternatıonal securıty2022 •
Our safety and right to survive in the universe is a significant concern and collective responsibility that rests within the obligations of international organisations such as the EU and UN and the legal responsibility of other state actors to commit themselves to ensure global and national safety for all. In global history, we have heard and witnessed a series of atrocities, massive damages, and devastation that science has caused in the world by creating weapons of mass destruction such as nuclear weapons or atomic bombs. An atom or atomic bombs are classified as nuclear weapons. They generate energy from reactions in nuclei of their atoms and release fissions into smaller units that can cause massive destruction in larger areas. An American theoretical physicist (J. Robert Oppenheimer 1904-1967) is referred to as the father of the atomic bomb designed the first nuclear weapon during World War II when he was director of the Los Alamos Laboratory that oversaw research and designing of atomic bombs. Since then, many nations have taken up to designing atomic weapons. In 1945, over 200,000 innocent lives perished in the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki when the United States dropped two warheads of nuclear bombs (Little Boy and Fat man) because the Japanese refused to surrender to the United States of America. Since then, the United States of America remains the only nation that has ever attacked another country with an atomic bomb. According to Mary Robinson, The world’s biggest threat is not climate change, neither covid-19 pandemic but the fear of nuclear weapon proliferation, posing a direct threat to international security in the world. There is proven evidence that world leaders and politicians are more concerned about climate change and covid 19 pandemic than the threat of nuclear war. This is a big mistake. The manufacturing of nuclear weapons is rapidly growing in the international political landscape. The primary concern of this paper is to explain the phenomenon of nuclear proliferation as a significant threat to international security. It will highlight the invention of atomic weapons, the concentration of nuclear weapons, and the effect and threats on global security and stability.
2005 •
Nuclear terrorism denotes the detonation of a yield-producing nuclear bomb containing fissile material by terrorists, popularly named as “dirty bomb. Dirty bomb is however not to be confused with a nuclear explosion, such as a fission bomb, which releases nuclear energy and produces blast effects, millions of times more than a typical dirty bomb. As early as December 1945, politicians worried about the possibility of smuggling nuclear weapons into the United States. Discussions about non-state nuclear terrorism amongst experts go back at least to the 1970s. After 9/11, there is intense international attention to the risks of nuclear terrorism. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has acknowledged an urgent need to improve protection of civilian and military nuclear materials at plant sites as well as in transit. The two words “nuclear” and “terrorism” radiate chill waves down the spine when they are used individually. In unison their psychological impact is much lower than their linear sum total. Underlying reason is that the term has been hijacked for some other motives. It has in fact become a vehicle advancing some of the nuclear objectives that encroach upon the nuclear rights granted to Non-nuclear Weapon States (NNWS). Formulations coming out of the structures professing counter nuclear terrorism as their objective are indirectly advancing arrangements; whereby legitimate R&D space is being squeezed for the NNWS. Nuclear terrorism is a reality and a global concern; however, robust solutions can be found to mitigate the severity of the threat to a great extent. There is a need to strike a balance between confidentiality and openness; and steer away from both alarmism and complacency.
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