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COMPUTATIONAL EMOTIONAL THINKING MODEL

2013

We used 4 basis for our work: AI - six thinking levels model described in book "The emotion machine". Evolutionary psychology model of emotions that is called "Wheel of emotions", we used as subjective perception model. Neuroscience(neurotransmission) theory of emotions by Lövheim "Cube of emotions" was used as objective brain emotional response model. Based on neurotransmitters impact we propose to model emotional computing systems. Overall presented work is synthesis of several emotional/affective theories to produce model of emotions and affective mechanisms that fit model of six thinking levels architecture.

Alexander Toschev Industrial Artificial Intelligence, Higher Institute of Information Technologies and Information Systems of Kazan Federal University. sanchis @gmail.com Max Talanov PhD, Industrial Artificial Intelligence, Higher Institute of Information Technologies and Information Systems of Kazan Federal University. max.talanov@gmail.com Computational emotional thinking model. Keywords AI; Machine Cognition; Machine Thinking; Thinking Model; Computational Emotions; Neuromodulation; Emotional computing system management We have according to our investigation results there is no ready to use cognitive architecture that take in account neuro-scientific nature of emotional processes in brain. We used Lovheim – “Cube of emotions” [1] as model for objective brain response on emotional stimulus. We created neuromodulator to computing system parameter mapping. We could state that noradrenaline influences overall speed of thinking process, dopamine and serotonin - reward processing and learning[2; 3]. Figure 1. [Computing system parameters mapping]. Generic: CPU power (computing processes distribution or load balancing) is influenced by noradrenaline. Working memory distribution is influenced by noradrenaline regulating attention. Learning is impacted by serotonin and dopamine: dopamine plays major role in activation of previously remembered patterns and serotonin in pattern generation. Storage management (long term memory) is influenced both by serotonin and dopamine, higher concentrations of both neurotransmitters the better action is remembered. Decision making[4]: Confidence and satisfaction of the system is directly influenced by serotonin. System is more motivated under influence of dopamine. System tends to choose risky actions under impact of noradrenaline. Noradrenaline makes system use less number of options in width and depth to be processed during reasoning. For example: system is in fear state. Dopamine impacts system at half strength. This makes system choose actions highlighted with high rewards (safest). High noradrenaline, in rage state, causes system to think as quickly as possible taking in account as less as possible number of options, implementing first action:"fight or flight" reaction. Emotions objective and subjective. Objective brain work is described as neuromodulation process with base of three neuromodulatory systems: Nor-adrenaline, Dopamine, Serotonin. Subjective emotions perception is described via Plutchik[5, 344-350] approach as main psychological model. We modeled Plutchik feedback loops (appraisal and translation of sensory information into action) in 6 thinking levels described by Marvin Minsky “The emotion machine”[6]: Inbound stimulus is been processed via spinal cord, hypothalamus, amygdala that triggers neuromodulation [3;7]. Neuromodulation triggers the emotional state via neuromodulatory systems: nor-adrenaline, dopamine, serotonin [4; 5]. Instinctive behavior is processed on instinctive reactions layer that usually is not involved in conscious actions. Result of behavior actions is effect state that influences the system again as stimulus. This second stimulus is been apprised on instinctive reactions layer and triggers neuromodulation again. Neuromodulation in it's turn switches emotional state second time. Stimulus cognition actions are done in the emotional state under influence of neuromodulation. Stimulus cognition could involve deliberation, further reflection, sef-reflection self-conscious processing and emotional state switch. Conscious behavior is activated as the result of stimulus cognition. References Lovheim, H. (2012). A new three-dimensional model for emotions and monoamine neurotransmitters. Medical Hypotheses 78, 78, 341-348. Arbib, M., & Fellous, J.-M. (2004). Emotions: from brain to robot. Trends in Cognitive Sciences,8(12), 554-559. Fellous, J.-M. (1999). Neuromodulatory basis of emotion. The Neuro-scientist, 5, 283-294. Ahn, H., & Picard, R. W. (2006). Affective cognitive learning and decision making: The role of emotions. In The 18th european meeting on cybernetics and systems research (emcsr 2006). Plutchik, R. (2001). The nature of emotions. American Scientist, 89(4), Minsky, M. (2007). The emotion machine: Commonsense thinking, artificial intelligence, and the future of the human mind. Simon & Schuster. Zeki, S., & Romaya, J. P. (2008). Neural correlates of hate. PLoS ONE, 3(10). Picard, R. W. (2001). Emotions in humans and artifacts. In R. Trappl, P. Petta, & P. S. (Eds.), (chap. What does it mean for a Computer to”Have” Emotions?).