Open Sour

Open Sour ,Dr. The paper describe.t s. L r,,;;:'":;ilff;T;L:T:*,, Abstract i;ff-_^--^ """'; v're€,'ro,e, ptvrB, ;!ii;;#;::;:::;;;i'::":::::tunai'nsandapp'Iica'li.ns.r r;::r!::": openbibtio, GENot,E, Keywords: 0.IntroducraJr", Source Sofrware, Digital Library Software, Operadng Sysrems. Shrinking library budget and new and arrernative .^,:*:.':'" 6 *" escalating prices IFrI;;iiltJd,ffi conrerence r"r"r.,'rjr""rj"ll""i:*:'s ,o ,etc. In orher has free access ,o of . ;r:iffi Ti HT"x;ilTT"ffiencourases kinds of informati;; words, free It*t"nt like journar afticres, ;;;;::ources end-user n., .nrv ;::;" #.,,ff;,fi hff:'#::,::,,:::"",,he manasemen, *. ;;:.::::T;#l*' fF";HT'Jffi::T: The digital fibrary world wereinneedofFossfor*"ronrrr.omoted Foss u, ,"t' jH",:#::* opensourc"':"::,,:":"":theconstructionand'nn'"'"'13' are is currently one of the optionr because of the s preferred by facirit es it offers for copying, of licenserestricdons 1. Open Source modification and and the possibitityof interoperatir, *r*l*o"rr"Jrrl""* libraries' rhe absence Software The OSS is defined ar software r retiabitity reliability eyaluation :yaluation ofsource . *o c websrte,ruuueeruuleeors 'ww'oDensource.org as .bpen 'bpen source pronbtes pronbtes luutitr by ,rrr"li _J supporting "-l,I/wrung inorp"niill rndependent ode,,. 3s vycfl onea source, ",ud To be certified *" guarantee the the I: right to read, redistribute, --: 'vurorrroure' modi&' and use it freely. review and rapid -^.-__ guaranteetheright,,;:::';"#;,:T:::,"T-:*;;Jd;;:"r,r,_,::J r'r.-:_---- Science, Xr*"rrt'urtriirr ** t*n:fa@ 2.Common Features of Open Source Software Open source software are normally created and maintained by developers crossing institutional and national boundaries, collaborating by using interrctbased communications and development tools. Products are typically a kind of "free", often through a license that specifics that applications and source code are free to use, modiff, ard redistributc as long as all uses, modifications, and redistributions are similarly licensed. Successful applications are tend to be developed more quickly and with bett€r responsiveness to the needs of users who can readily use and evaluate opcn source applications because they arc free. Quality, not profit drives the open source developers who take personal pri& in seeing their working solutions adopted. Intellectual property rights to open source software belong to every one wlp helps build it or simply uses it, not just the vendor or institution that creatod r the software There are many open source software with applications for building Institutional repositories. In this paper an attempt has been made to outline few of them. 1.1.PR{B@ PMB is a library automation system created in France license. It is an open in?fiA under the CeCILL source software license created by the French government which offers the same conditions and freedoms as the general public license (GPL) for open source software. PMB is designed for medium-sized and large libraries, manage networks used of libraries integrated in is LJNIMARC but it atd can also a collective catalogue. The cataloguing format incorporates format conversion and importation systems (USMARC and XML, among others). a)Characteristics Some of the main characteristics offered by the system are: c Management of authority data (by author, publisheq collection), r Management of a thesaurus of subject areas, e use of the z'39.50 protocol, 74 o lrr i- !r o Contnol of serial publications, o Managementofjournal o ar Automation of the DSI, sumrnaries aad storage, System for producing back-up copies. b) IWodules E I The following modules are included: o b D r o Administration gf the system. to pararnehi system, manage the system,s _How users, produce back_up n *" configuration of the copres, etc. cataloguing' For monographs, serial publications, acquisition of records z39so catarogue, from the ",="ffi ;,ri; "f;;;rti;;,ilJro"r, o Loan. o Authorities' For authors, publishers, collections and classification. r creation of a thesaurus by subject area. o DSI. o OpAC. saved search"*,. *.) Incrudes the l.2 Openbibrro openbibrio is an integrated library m{rnagement system, created in 2002under General Public License (GNU' GPL). openbibrio is designed for sma[ Iibraries, above alr schoor libraries' The catalogue format is uMMARC ' 'v vrlrtvr^rf,L Dut but reicords r may be imported fromothercompatibleforrnats. a) Characteristics l. 2. 3' User alerti via predesigned messages. Control of fines for late returns of documents. statisticar models for the use of the ribrary and the materiar. b) Modutes a Loan' Administering users' data, roans, returns, reservations and fines. cataloguirrg' contror of bibriographicar records and their copies. 75 Administration. Configuration and management of the system, incltding the authorizations of the system administration stflff. o Reports. Management of statistics, reporls and messages to uEcrs. a OPAC. 1.3 Potnia potnia creates thematic directories, for the management of scientific resources' journals, publications, and so on. It was created in 2fi)3 by the Directorate Crencral of Universities of the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport. The structure and description of the records in Potnia are compliant with the Dublin Core metadata eet. a) Functions for records. In addition to basic searchqs, an advanced search opion is included which allows definition of the fields to be searched (by title, key wond' Search description or subject) and combinations using the Boolean operators and, or, and not o Administration of the system, for adding, modifying or deleting records in the data base, and for managing the list of subjects. o Home page, showing the list of subjects of the records in thc data basc. Under eactr suU;ict heading, the records classified under the subject can bc consulte4 and details of each one may be accessed. l.4Alfresco@ Alfresco is an ECM, an Enterprise Content Manager. Among its applications is document management. It was created in 2005 by members of Documentum and Interwoven. Alfresco is open code software, able to access the sotrce code for the user community and provide high quality service for the development of the system. Tlre commercial benefit is provided by the system's support package, including manuals, training and maintenance. There is also scope for the users to contribute additional features to the program These modifications are under the Alfresco Public License (http:/lforge'alfresco.c0ntA. a) Cho.raoteristics o Deposit of electronic documents in their original format (doc, xls, pdf, video, audio, cad, etc.). 76 tif, html, jpg, e r t e o c b) Documentvisualizers. Groupings by folder and classification chart. System of information retrieval, basic and advanced contents Search. Management and eontrol of work flows. search, file, folder and lvlanagennent of,users and levels ofaccess. History of versi.ons. Fuructions o r Provides a cornmon space for the classification of documentation by folders, Allows addition of docuntents from the loeal network or creation of new ones HTML, TXT or XML fonnat). f,rom the same system (in c Manages rules of eontents for transforming formats automatically, creating work flows, etc. o o c c Forum space for specific folders or documents. Edition and modification of the rnetadata in each document, where one can also see the history of the versions created. Creation of work copies. Ntfanagement of the profiles authonzations. of the users of the systern, their privileges and l"5DSpace@) DSpace is a rnanagernent system for institutiona! deposits (repositories) created by the MIT Libraries (Massachusetts trnstitute of Technology) and Hewlett-paekard (Hp) in 2aa2' It is distributed under an open Source License (BSD Berkeley software Distribution), an open source software license with certain restrictions not included in the GNU GPI- license. This type of license allows the use and modification of the source code and the comrnercial use of the produet. DSpace allows the management of different types of materials (preprints, technical reports' images, videos, etc.), and helps to digitalize an organization,s scientific production. 77 tr fl i i I a) Characteristics Supports any type of material: documents, theses, images, audio, video, etc. The records are saved in Dublin Core format. Able to interoperate with other systems in the organization. All records have a persistent identifier. Allows format migration towards IFF, SGML, XML, AIFF, and PDF.It does not guarantee the migration of owner formats such as Microsoft Word, PowerPoint, Lotus l-2-3, WordPerfect. 1.6E'Prints@ E-Prints is a system for the creation of institutional repositories production, theses, reports, etc. created in this community. It was of scientific created by the University of Southampton in 2000. E-Prints uses the XML and Dublin Core metadata formats based on the OAI-PMH. It is thus able to support different types of documents and data formats for storage and provides open access to their contents. a) Characterktics o o o o o l.T Dublin Core metadata format, Repository of all types of material: text, image, etc., Content syndication, Includes a bibliography manager, Basic and advanced search options. Tematres Tematres Argentina is a web ) application for the management of thesauri, created in in 2004. This program is also designed for the creation of web browsers, digital library directories, and control of documentary languages. a) Characteristics o o o o Terms are related by: equivalence, hierarchy and/or association. Unlimited quantity of related terms, hierarchical levels and non-preferred terms. Multiple scope notes, historical notes and bibliographical notes per term. Control of repeated terms. 78 o Systematic and alphabetic browsing. o r Exportation formats into xML, Dubrin core, RDF sKos-core, Zthes, etc. General search engine. 1.8 Relbase (httn://relbase.sourceforse.net) Refbase is a software management package for bibliographies and bibliographical quotations that works under a multiuser web intecace.It was created in Germany tnz1o2 under General Public License (GNU-GPL). is designed to create collections of bibliographical references imported from different academic databases and to extract them in quotation form for text Refbase bibliographies. a) Characteristics o o o o o Basic oradvanced search. Content syndication. Quotation format: HTML, RTF, pDF, LaTeX. Import formats: BibreX, Endnote,RIS, Refworks, pubMed,ISI web of science, CSA Illumina, Copac, MODS XML. Export formats: Bibrex, Endnote, RIs, Congress and OpenDocument. MoDs xML, xML of the Library of b) Parallel activities As well as providing access to programs, their manuals and other material, we also held a series of demonstrations at the Faculty Documentation Sciences. The sessions were open sessions given were: o o back-up of Library and to students and professionals. The Experience with openbiblio at the Bambylor Resources centre and demonstration program. This session presented .,ro urto-ution programs, openbiblio and PMB. The director of the ilamuyror Resources centne in Manresa described the centre's project for the implemenLtion oi op"nuiblio at the centne, and explained some details referring to the functioning orne program. of the pMB Next' one of the organizers of the presentation outlined the main characteristics of the PMB program. This presentatiron was particularly interesting, since it allowed a comparison of two library management programs in a single session. 79 Presentation of the project "UPCommons: global access to knowledge": an account of the application of the Dspace program at the Polytechnical University Catalonia (UPC). The UPCommons project is the UPC's institutional repository. The librarian at the UPC described the objectives and services offered by the project, and the computer expert responsible for technical support explained its functioning. This session was also very interesting. It presented a real case of the functioning of the program and explored the technical side of the management of the service. of Demonstration of E-Prints: One of the lecturers at the Faculty of Library and Documentation Sciences gave a demonstration of the E-Prints program, for the implementation of institutional repositories. of the exhibition presented a the characteristics and use of the electronic document Demonstration of Alfresco: One of the organizers demonstration of management program, Atfresco. Demonstration of Tematres: One of the lecturers at the Faculty of Library and Documentation Sciences gave a demonstration of the Tematres program, for the management of thesauri and documentary languages. l.9Apache@ Apache is generally recognized as the most popular Web server. Originally designed for Unix servers, the Apache Web server has been ported to Windows and other network operating systems. The name "Apache" derives from the word "patchy" that the Apache developers used to describe early versions of their software. The Apache Web server provides a full range of Web server features, including CGI, SSL, and virtual domains. Apache also supports plug-in modules for extensibility. is reliable, free, and relatively easy to configure. Apache is free sofhnare distributed by the Apache Software Foundation. The Apache Software Foundation Apache promotes various free and open source advanced Web technologies. a) Characteristics Apache supports a variety of features, many implemented as compiled modules which extend the core functionality. These can range from server-side programming language support to authentication schemes. Some common language interfaces support Perl, Python, TcI, and PHP. Popular authentication modules include mod-access, mod-auth, mod-digest, and mod-auth-digest, the successor to mod-digest. A sample of other features include SSL and TLS support (mod-ssl), a proxy module (mod-proxy), a 80 URL rewriter (also kl ,ogn,es(mod-rogcffil,:,:;,:":T:ffi ffffi:,:'.li^ j__,T#ustom I.I0 Free BSD (Illp:/lwww.lteehsO.or FreeBSD is a free unix-rike operating system descended from AT&T uNIX via the Berkeley software Distribution (BsD). It has been characterized as ,,the unknown giant among free operating systems".ll, It is not a cione of uNIx, but works rike uMX, internals and svstem APIs.[2] FreeBsD #HT:,:'JffiT is generary regarded as FreeBsD is a complete operating system. The kernel, device drivers and arl of the userland utilities' such as the shell, are held in the same source code revision tracking tree' whereas with Linux distributions, the kernel, userland utilities and applications are deveroped separatetry, then packaged together in various ways by others. Third-party apprication software may be instared using various software instailation systems, the two rnost common being source instalration and package installation, both of which use the FreeBSD ports system. l.II GIMP 0S image GIM, is an acronym for GNu Image Manipulation program. It is a freery distributed prograrn for such tasks as photo retouching, image composition and image as a,imprl pain, program, -affii:i;ff:::H::jl,1.T::d an expe. ne batch processing system, a mass production image renderer, an image format converter, etc. GIMP is expandabre and extensibre. It is designed to be flre,'renrcrr r,,ir'. _r and extensions to do just about anvthing. rhe advanced everything from the simplest task to the mr be eas,y scripted. crMp is written basically the sarne code also runs on MS Windows and Mac OS X. #ilT:;j:.rH: *, Jl,"J:To}i:ffi,ffIffi:j::i. 81 a) Features Tools used to manipulate images can be accessed via the toolbox, through menus and dialogue windows. They include filters and brushes, as well as transformation, selection, layer and masking tools. * Color: GIMP has several ways of selecting colors including palettes, color choosers and using an eyedropper tool to select a colour on the canvas. * Selections and paths: in GIMP there are several tools that can be used to create selections including a rectangular and circular selection tool, free select tool, and fazzy select tool (also known as magic wand). * Image editing: there are many tools that can be used for editing images in GMp; the more common tools include a paint brush, pencil, airbrush, and eraser and ink tools used to create new or blended pixels" A list of GIMP hansform tools include the align tool, move, crop, rotate, scale, shear, perspective and * Layers, layer flit tools. masks and channels: an image being edited in GIMp can consist of many layers sitting in a stack, the GIMp user manual suggests that "A good way to visualize a GIMP image is as a stack of transparencies" where in GIMp terminology each transparency is a layer. * Automation, scrtpb and plug-ins: GIMP has approximately 150 standard effects and filters, including Drop Shadow, Blur, Motion blur and Noise. * GEGL: The Generic Graphics Library (GEGL) was first introduced as part of GIMP on the 2.6 release of GIMp. * File tormats: GIMP supports saving and loading a large number of different file formats, GIMP's native format XCF is designed to store an image including all features specific to GIMP such as layers, channels and vectors; XCF is named after the eXperimental Computing Facility where GIMP was authored. 1.12cNoMrc@ GNOME is Free Software and part of the GNU project, dedicated to giving users and developers the ultimate level of control over their desktops, their software, and their data. Find out more about the GNU project and Free software at gnu.org. GNOME understands that usability is about creating software that is easy for everyone to use, not about piling on features. GNOME's community of professional and volunteer usability 82 experts have created Free software's first and only Human Interface Guiderines, core GNoME software is adopting these principles. Find out more about usability at the GNOME Usability project" ",,; GN.ME and GNOME is used, developed and documented in dozens of languages, and we strive to ensure that every piece of GNOME software can be translated into all languages. Find out more at the GNOME Translation project. 1.13KDE@ KDE or the K Desktop Environment is a network transparent contemporary desktop envirorunent for uNIX workstations. KDE seeks to fulfill the need for an easy to use desktop for UNIX workstations, similar to desktop environments and Microsoft windows operating systems. The us the best available today. when it comes has no competition' found on Macintosh uND( operating system is according to to stabilis, scalability and openness uND( In fact uND( has been the undisputed choice of information technology professionars for many years" The lack of an easy to use contemporary desktop environment, however, has prevented uNIX from finding its way onto desktops of typical computer users in offices and homes. LJMX today dominates the server market and is the preferred computing platform for computing professionals and scientists alike. The Internet' a household name traces its heritage to uNIX. In spite of such ubiquitous creations from the LrNIx community, average computer users st'rl expect it to be difficurt to use and often stay away. This fact is particularly unfortunate since a number of implementations of UNIX, all of which are of exceptional quality and stability (Debian GNU/Linux, FreeBSD, NetBSD etc.) are freery availabre off the Internet. 1.14 Linux (EllpJArwqLliuux.or Linux is an operating system that was initiauy created as a hobby by a young student, Linus Torvalds, at the university of Helsinki in Finland. Linus had an interest in Minix' a small uMx system, and decided to develop a system that exceeded the Minix standards' He began his work in 1991 when he released version 0.02 and worked steadily until 1994 when version 1'0 of the Linux Kernel was released. The kernel, at the heart of all Linux systems, is developed and released under the GNU General public License and its source code is freely available to everyone. It is this kernel that forms the base around 83 whichaLinuxoperatingsystemisdeveloped.TherearEnowliterallyhundredsof companiesandorganizati.onsandanequalnumberofindividualsthathavereleasedtheir ownversionsofoperatingsystemsbasedontheLinuxkernel.Moreinforrnationonthe kernelcanbefoundatoursistersite,LinuxHQandattheofficialLinuxKemelArchives. Main clutacteristies oUsersmaybeunawareofGridissues:theGridisusedlikeanyinteractivesystem r o e o o define the jobare either "Grid parameters" used to Default ones (sYstem' vendor' "") system Automatically learned by the p&raflreters" that potential can de{ine the "Grid Grid-aware users may uso all job better describe their Grid-aware users Current systems are only for l.l5Mozilla@ Mozillaisatermusedinanurnberofwaysinrelationtothenow.defunct NetscapeCommunicationsCorporationanditsrelatedapplicationsoftware,includingthe Mozilla.orggroupanditssuccessortheMoziltaFoundation.Mozillawasthemascotof formerly callEd Mosaic communications corporation' the now-disbanded Netscape including that of a Initially, the mascot took various forms' corporation. communications lizard ,.spaceman,,, but the eventual choice was a Godzilla.like or astronaut helmeted by Dave Tittls in 1994" Godzilla-like ntlme' It was designed thought to go well with the Mozillaisanewgenerationwebbrowseravailabletoanyone.Youcangetand useitsmassiveprogramsource'nottospeakofbinaryofbmwserthathasalreadybeen open sourc€' origrnally' License (MPL)' It's so called an Pubtic Mozilta under built, mozillawascreatedasabrowserengineofNetscape.SincethetimettratNetscape CommunicationsCorporationdecidedtomakeitanopensource;mozillaismlnagedand organization) that org is basically a NPO (nonprofit mainuined by mozilla org. Mozilla consistsofpeopleofNetscapeCommunicationsCorporationandvolunteers. a) Clnractedstics o Size of mozilla 84 Mozilla is huge, mozilla looks like a huge bio-tzard. Of course, there is a reason for the change of mozilla. One of them is for cross-platform. o Open source Mozilla is an open source. Sometimes we see someone say that mozilla is not a successful example of open source, r New generation broryser Mozilla is an advanced browser of the new generation. There may be various reasons to call mozilla the new generation browser. 1.16MysQL@ MySQL is an RDBMS that has more than l1 million installations as of 2009. The progftIm runs as a server providing multi-user access to a number of databases. The MysQL development project has made its source code available under the terms of the GNU General Public License, as well as under a variety of proprietary agreements. MysQL is owned and sponsored by a single for-profit finn, the swedish company MysQL Arl, Row a subsidiary of sun Microsystems. As of 2009[update] oracle corporation began the process of acquiring sun Microsystems. Characteristics o r o Multiple storage engines, allowing one to choose the one that is most effective for each table in the application. Native storage engines Partner-developed .storage engines community-deveroped storage engines Custom storage engines o Commit grouping, gathering multipte transactions from together to increase the number of commits per second. multiple connections 1.17 Project Gutenberg, (httro://promo.net/psy') Project Gutenberg, abbreviated as pG, is a volunteer effort to digitize aud archive cultural works, to "encourage the creation and distribution of eBooks.,, in Founded by Michael s. Hart, it is the oldest digital library. Most of the items in its collection are the full texts of public domain books. The project tries 1971 to make these as free as possible, in long-lasting, open fonnats that can be used on almost any computer. As of December 2009, Project Gutenberg claimed over 30,(XE items in its collection. 85 Project Gutenberg is aftiliated with many projects that are independent organizations which share the sarne ideals, and have been given permission to use the Project Gutenberg trademark. 1.18OpenOflice@ Open Office is an open-source software package that includes an equivalent to all of Microsoft's main progr&r$. It is not as famous as Microsoft Office but after releasing version 2.0 it has already been downloaded by 51 million people, however, this number is still quite low compared to the 400 million of users that own its Microsoft counterpart. As it is dessribed on the official web,site of the package it is "a multiplatform and multilingual office suite and an open-source project. Compatible with all other major office suites, the producr is free ts download, use, and distribute". All of these are the main characteristics that synthesize why Open Office is one of the major competitors for Microsoft Office, especially sincE it is software that you can obtain for free, a feature that is possible because characteristics it is sponsored by Sun Microsystems. One of the most important of Opon Office that has turn it into the most widely used alternative to Microsoft's Office is that it actually includes a equivalent program that tries to match all the major features of Microsoft's programs. 1.19PrrP@ "PHP is an HTMl-embedded scripting language. Much of its syntax is borrowed from C, Java and Perl with a couple of unique PHP-specitic features thrown in. The goal of the language is to allow web quickly." This is generally developers a good definition to write dynamically generated pages of PHP. Another way to think of PHP is a powerful, behind the scenes scripting language that your visitors won't see! When someone visits PHP webpage, the web server processes the PHP code. parts it needs It then sees which to show to visitors(content and pictures) and hides the other stuff(file operations, math calculations, etc.) then translates your PHP into HTML. After the translation into HTML, it sends the webpage to your visitor's web browser. a) Characteristias o e Reduce the time to create large websites. Create a custornizEd user experience for visitors based on information that you have gathered from them. 86 Open up thousar,ds of possitilities for online tools. Check out PHP - HotScripts for examples of the great things that are possible with PHP. a Allow creation of shopping carts for e-commerce websites. O For Content Management System (CIVIS) use of PHP is very helpful. a With use of PHP, developers can use extensions in C. a For database connectivity, its flexibilicy is to be noted. a Users can easily transfer files to a web server from their client computers. a For cornmand line scripting, PIIP can be used. a PHP can be used in MicrosoftWindows, Linux, RISC OS and in any major operating system" a With PHP, rapid application developrnent is promoted by design stnrcture. a For relational database fnanag€menL PHF can be used. l.20Greenstone@ Greenstone collections. is a suite of software for building and distributing digital library It provides a new way of organizing information and publishing it on the Internet or on CD-ROM. Greenstone is produced by the New Zealand Digital Library Project at the University of Waikato, and developed and dishibuted in cooperation with LJNESCO and the Human Info NGO. It is a multilingual software, issued under the terms of the General Public License" Read rhe Greenstone Factsheet for more information. The aim of the Greenstone software is to empower users, particularly in universities, libraries, and other public service institutions, to build their own digltal libraries. Digital libraries are radically reforming how information is disseminated and acquired in UNESCO's partner communities and institutions in the fields of education, science and culture around the world, and particularly in developing countries. The complete Greenstone interface, and all documentation, is available in English, French, Spanish, Russian and Kazakh. Greenstone also has interfaces in many other languages and is }ooking for volunteers to add new language interfaces. 2. Conclusion Developments in ICT have made it possible for us to have aoeess to opon souroc software. Present virtual libraries and institutional repositories have become testing and promoting of the open source software. The area has been a valuablc learning environment for both teachers and students and provides material for tcrching pracfioe in a variety of subjects. References 1. Smith, Mackenze. An Open Source Dynamic Digital Re,pository. htto://w$nudlib"!rg. 21.01.2010. 2. PMB (h!tp://www-c!&ne!) 21.01.2010. 3. Openbiblio (http://obiblio.sourceforge.net) 4. Potoia (http:/lpotnia"sourceforge.net) 21.01.2010. 5. Alfresco 7. E-Prints 8. Tematres ftttp://www.CI20.com.arliematres) 2l.Ol.2OlO. 9. Refbase (http:l/refbasosourceforge.net) 21.01.2010. 2 1.0 1.201 0" 2l.Ol.?j10. @ 6. DSpace@21.O1.2010. (httplulup,epnntwr$ 21.01.2010. 10. Apache (http://www.apache.org) Ll.OLzArc. I l. Free BSD (htto://rvww.freebsd.org) 2 1.01.2010. 12. GIMP OS image (http://www.gimlr.org.manipulation software) 21.01.2010. I 3. GNOME (http://www. gnome.org) zl.OLmrc. 14. KDE 15. Linux I (h$pl uww.t<dcord (ntpfuwu.tinux.ord 21.01.2010. 6. Mozilla fttttr//www.mozilla.org) 21.01.2010. 17. My sQL I 2l.O1.2OlO. @lAunu.msgterg) 21.U.2Arc. 8. Project Gutenberg, ftttp://oromo.net/ogD 21.01.2010. 19. Open Office (http://openoffice.ore) 2l.0l.20l0. 20. PHP C6p:/1www.php"ne!) 2l "01.2010. 21. Greenstone @ 21.01.2010. 88