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Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation, 2008
Desalination, 2008
Large amounts of co-produced water are generated during natural gas production. This study investigated the viability and cost effectiveness of ultra-low pressure reverse osmosis (ULPRO) and nanofiltration (NF) membranes as potential techniques for beneficial use of produced water by meeting potable and irrigation water quality standards and concentrating iodide in the brine. A 2-stage laboratory-scale membrane testing unit was employed to examine rejection of various constituents of concern at a low and high recovery using produced water generated from sandstone aquifers. The performance of two ULPRO membranes TFC-ULP (Koch) and TMG10 (Toray America) and one NF membrane NF-90 (Dow/Filmtec) was compared to a conventional RO membrane (TFC-HR, Koch). These membranes were pre-selected during previous bench-scale experiments with regard to specific flux, fouling propensity, salts and organics rejection, and iodide recovery efficiency. Of the membranes tested, the NF-90 achieved the highest specific flux. The salt rejection and iodide recovery by the NF-90, however, were much lower than the RO and ULPRO membranes tested. The permeate quality of the NF-90 met USEPA National Primary Drinking Water Standards, but exceeded the Secondary Standards regarding chloride and total dissolved salts. The two ULPRO membranes TMG10 and TFC-ULP, exhibited a higher specific flux as compared to the TFC-HR while displaying a similar rejection, notably the TMG10 which showed a very stable rejection at low and high recoveries. Cost analysis showed that the ULPRO membrane system provided marginally lower overall O&M costs than RO for meeting drinking water standards. The ULPRO membrane operation resulted in even lower treatment cost than RO and NF for meeting irrigation water standards, especially at high energy cost. Findings from these studies indicated that ULPRO membranes can provide a viable and cost-effective solution to beneficial use of produced water from sandstone aquifers.
Reverse Osmosis (RO) is a membrane based process technology to purify water by separating the dissolved solids from feed stream resulting in permeate and reject stream for a wide range of applications in domestic as well as industrial applications. It is seen from literature review that RO technology is used to remove dissolved solids, colour, organic contaminants, and nitrate from feed stream. Hence RO technology used in the treatment of water and hazardous waste, separation processes in the food, beverage and paper industry, as well as recovery of organic and inorganic materials from chemical processes as an alternative method. This paper intends to provide an overall vision of RO technology as an alternative method for treating wastewater in different Industrial applications. The present short review shows applicability of RO system for treating effluents from beverage industry, distillery spent wash, ground water treatment, recovery of phenol compounds, and reclamation of wastewater and sea water reverse osmosis (SWRO) treatment indicating efficiency and applicability of RO technology.
Journal of Membrane Science, 2006
Journal for Cultural and Religious Theory , 2022
Institut international de philosophie, 2020
The Eusebius Lab International Working Papers Series, 2023
International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering, 2019
published in: COULON, Jean-Charles et DOSOO, Korshi (dir.), Magikon Zōon. Animal et magie dans l’Antiquité et au Moyen Âge, Bibliothèque d’Histoire des Textes 2, Institut de recherche et d’histoire des textes, Paris-Orléans, pp. 71-84, 2022
Young Southeast Asian Leaders Initiative (YSEALI) Seeds for the Future Program, 2022
academia.edu, 2019
Entrepreneurship and Business Modelling, 2024
The Nonproliferation Review, 2004
Memorias 10, 2009
International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, 2015
Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics, 2024
International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2018