Cultural Creatives

The study builds a case for future growth of transformative travel in South Africa driven by Cultural Creatives, the new silent class of conscious consumers in a quest for personal transformation through authentic and immersive tourist experiences. The main objective of the study was to identify preferred activities and experiences of Cultural Creatives in Soweto which is expected to drive the future growth of transformative tourism in South Africa. This qualitative study was based on 20 semi structured interviews with international tourists visiting Soweto in the period 3 January to 30 March 2018. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematic content analysis was carried out in identifying tourist activities and experiences most closely aligned to emerging themes of transformative tourism as: individual experiential walking through the township; living as the locals do; and dining with the locals. The results validate the need for clear alignment of South African destinations&#...

Heritage tourism has emerged as an important part of tourism growth in the new South Africa, with a growing interest in ‘struggle heritage’. Heritage tourism contributes significantly in demonstrating the diverse cultural offerings that the country has to offer. Struggle heritage is one of the elements within this niche of cultural tourism, which attract tourists to visit South African museums. Using a mixed methods approach of quantitative and qualitative data, this paper explored a comparative study of the motivations, experiences and understanding of heritage amongst 100 local tourists at Liliesleaf Farm Museum (50 respondents) and the Hector Pieterson Memorial & Museum (50 respondents), both based in Johannesburg, South Africa. This research adds to the debates on how people perceive heritage and how important heritage is to them. The findings suggest that South Africans desire to visit heritage sites but due to the unavailability of information and inadequate communication betw...

This paper is an attempt to look at friluftsliv through the glasses of the experience society and some of the experience theory adapted from the experience economy. Identifying the basic experiences, slow, flow and peak experiences as central to friluftsliv and identifying that today’s society is constituted by several generations differing in their values and world views, this paper proposes a background to the contemporary development of friluftsliv into a sportified “fast and furious” post-modern form of friluftsliv. In the contemporary “nanosecond culture” the need of genuine friluftsliv in the sense of Nansen, as a philosophical approach to interconnect with our original home, nature, seems to be needed more then ever, and is here suggested in the form of slow experiences through friluftsliv. The contemporary shift towards a Transmodern society with radically different values compared to the modern and postmodern society, opens the possibility that friluftsliv could be a Transm...

Teaching tourism at high school level has remained a challenge in rural KwaZulu-Natal high schools mainly due to inadequately trained teachers, a shortage of resources, lack of exposure to the tourism industry for both rural learners and teachers and the low perception of the subject due to its misunderstood importance towards university entrance. The paper investigated the viewpoints of the learner of the value of fieldtrips in the teaching and learning of tourism at a high school level. The theories underpinning the study were experiential learning and the multiple intelligences which respectively focus on instrumentalism of learning and provision of opportunities to engage all learners at least some of the time. The paper describes how learning is translated into practice during fieldtrips which cater for multiple intelligences thus impacting positively on learning and achievement of learning outcomes. The study used a quantitative approach to data collection and analysis. The ai...

The study builds a case for future growth of transformative travel in South Africa driven by Cultural Creatives, the new silent class of conscious consumers in a quest for personal transformation through authentic and immersive tourist experiences. The main objective of the study was to identify preferred activities and experiences of Cultural Creatives in Soweto which is expected to drive the future growth of transformative tourism in South Africa. This qualitative study was based on 20 semi structured interviews with international tourists visiting Soweto in the period 3 January to 30 March 2018. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematic content analysis was carried out in identifying tourist activities and experiences most closely aligned to emerging themes of transformative tourism as: individual experiential walking through the township; living as the locals do; and dining with the locals. The results validate the need for clear alignment of South African destinations&#...

The study builds a case for future growth of transformative travel in South Africa driven by Cultural Creatives, the new silent class of conscious consumers in a quest for personal transformation through authentic and immersive tourist experiences. The main objective of the study was to identify preferred activities and experiences of Cultural Creatives in Soweto which is expected to drive the future growth of transformative tourism in South Africa. This qualitative study was based on 20 semi structured interviews with international tourists visiting Soweto in the period 3 January to 30 March 2018. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematic content analysis was carried out in identifying tourist activities and experiences most closely aligned to emerging themes of transformative tourism as: individual experiential walking through the township; living as the locals do; and dining with the locals. The results validate the need for clear alignment of South African destinations&#...

Conscients des acquis de la tradition et de la modernité mais aussi de leurs limites, les créatifs culturels , qui représenteraient selon les sociologues Paul Ray et Sherry Anderson un tiers de la population en Occident , chercheraient à construire une nouvelle société plus durable et inclusive. Ils partageraient une conscience globale et des valeurs post- matérialistes telles que l’écologie, la valorisation du féminin dans la société, le développement psycho-spirituel, l’être sur l’avoir et le paraître et une implication sociétale . “Se changer soi pour changer le monde” devient l’emblème d’une culture alternative à celle de l’hypermodernité, qui cherche dans la spiritualité un moyen de réenchanter le monde et d’y agir en conscience. En effet, ces « innovateurs sociaux » engagés dans un cheminement spirituel seraient plus à même d’impacter leur environnement car il y aurait une plus grande congruence entre valeurs et actes au quotidien. Nous présenterons ici quelques pistes de réflexion soulevées dans notre étude qualitative, menée sur des créatifs culturels dont la spiritualité s’est avérée être une ressource fondamentale pour leur engagement moral et politique dans le monde.

This paper examines how change in cultural values could contribute to achieving sustainability and explores the timing of a possible transition. Global modeling of unsustainability points to a need for both technological changes and a shift in social priorities to make the socio-economic system sustainable. The technological changes are well understood in broad terms and could be achieved with existing know-how. The critical requirement is the social and political will for implementation, but until recently only a minority of the population in the global North had adopted the new cultural values this requires. However, social survey data indicates that in many affluent nations close to 50 percent of the population have now adopted post-materialist values. Modeling this cultural shift as a substitution phenomenon shows the values of modernity being rapidly replaced by the values of transmodernity and suggests an important turning point in progress towards sustainability. The potentia...

This paper examines how change in cultural values could contribute to achieving sustainability and explores the timing of a possible transition. Global modeling of unsustainability points to a need for both tech-nological changes and a shift in social priorities to make the socio-...

The recent advance of transformatory experience into a foremost mega-trend in tourism attracted considerable scholarly interest. Building on Pung et al.'s (2020) model of transformatory experience, the article revisits the statistical results of the original 2013 model of the authenticity of transformatory experience. The results prove the radical theoretical hypothesis that transmodernism, not postmodernism, is the appropriate paradigm for conceptualising current transformatory experience discourse. The model is founded on the transmodern open centre flat ontology, the epistemology of transformative knowledge co-creation, and the philosophy of Speculative Realism. This quantitative study is based on a survey (N=406) using questionnaires, following a theory-building theory-testing sequential research design. The results of multiple regression analysis (MRA) confirmed the goodness of fit and simplicity of the model informed by only two independent variables (objective and constructive authenticity). The t-test and Mann Whitney-U test results revealed that many respondents are Cultural Creatives identifying transformatory experience as a core experience. The newly proposed concept of ontological transformation best describes transformatory experience as a transmodern phenomenon. The empirical and theoretical validation of the revised model of the authenticity of transformatory experience represents a valuable scholarly contribution to an emerging transformational tourism discourse.

The study builds a case for future growth of transformative travel in South Africa driven by Cultural Creatives, the new silent class of conscious consumers in a quest for personal transformation through authentic and immersive tourist experiences. The main objective of the study was to identify preferred activities and experiences of Cultural Creatives in Soweto which is expected to drive the future growth of transformative tourism in South Africa. This qualitative study was based on 20 semi structured interviews with international tourists visiting Soweto in the period 3 January to 30 March 2018. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematic content analysis was carried out in identifying tourist activities and experiences most closely aligned to emerging themes of transformative tourism as: individual experiential walking through the township; living as the locals do; and dining with the locals. The results validate the need for clear alignment of South African destinations' offerings with Cultural Creatives' transmodern values and worldviews in facilitating the future growth of transformative tourism in South Africa.

An ecological and eco-feminist critique may promote an innovative environmentalist urban policy. A new relation between humanity and nature implies a different aesthetic and architecture of the city. In the past, in control of the public sphere, men built their cities according to their attitudes and values. Traditional (masculine) behavior produced an efficiency based in dominating a resilient nature. This approach is no longer viable given the environmental crisis. Women are the privileged subjects of radical change, assuming a leadership role in the environmentalist movement and proposing cities envisaged according to a new way of thinking and feeling that accords with a reconsidered relationship between humanity and nature.

Abstract: This paper is an attempt to look at friluftsliv through the glasses of the experience society and some of the experience theory adapted from the experience economy. Identifying the basic experiences, slow, flow and peak experiences as central to friluftsliv and identifying that today's society is constituted by several generations differing in their values and world views, this paper proposes a background to the contemporary development of friluftsliv into a sportified "fast and furious" post-modern form of friluftsliv. In the contemporary "nanosecond culture" the need of genuine friluftsliv in the sense of Nansen, as a philosophical approach to interconnect with our original home, nature, seems to be needed more then ever, and is here suggested in the form of slow experiences through friluftsliv. The contemporary shift towards a Transmodern society with radically different values compared to the modern and postmodern society, opens the possibility...

This chapter aims to understand how the nonreligious spirituality of cultural creatives, who feel the urgency of creating a more sustainable and viable society, is expressed in a repertoire of concrete and daily actions. This growing alternative tendency in modern post-industrial societies is centered around postmaterialist values. No longer believing in the modern myth of progress and refusing to participate in an ecocide model, cultural creatives are aware of the finiteness of the world and the limits of modernity. They seek to develop ways of living that respect the individual, the community, and the environment through pragmatic and daily actions. After presenting the concept of an “ending era”, I will demonstrate what alternative visions cultural creatives adhere to and apply in order to concretize the transmodern utopia. Finally, I will define how spirituality in its “human-ethical” form enables cultural creatives to be congruent and to build a better future.

This work revolves around the non-religious spirituality of cultural creatives and its influence in the emergence of a transmodern society, that is, humanely and ecologically sustainable. In the 1980s Western societies entered the axial turn of ultramodernity, entry caused by the global awareness of the environmental emergency caused by human activities (era of the Anthropocene). Cultural creatives who hold postmaterialist values and seem to represent according to sociologists Paul Ray and Sherry Anderson one third of Western population, are driven by an ethical and responsible vision of how we inhabit the Earth. While spirituality and personal improvement are central in their approach, I will present a portrait of this group as an ideal-type of today's spirituality, characterized by an ecosophical consciousness, which aims first at “changing oneself” to then "change the world", in an ethical, social and political project. This portrait would indeed distinguish itself fundamentally from the spiritual researcher "consumer" of beliefs. Based on a rich conceptual framework and a qualitative survey of 19 French-speaking cultural creatives, this research seeks to broaden knowledge about non-religious spirituality but also "reclaim" beliefs behind an alternative discourse that is likely to be important in our Western societies.

The study builds a case for future growth of transformative travel in South Africa driven by Cultural Creatives, the new silent class of conscious consumers in a quest for personal transformation through authentic and immersive tourist experiences. The main objective of the study was to identify preferred activities and experiences of Cultural Creatives in Soweto which is expected to drive the future growth of transformative tourism in South Africa. This qualitative study was based on 20 semi structured interviews with international tourists visiting Soweto in the period 3 January to 30 March 2018. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematic content analysis was carried out in identifying tourist activities and experiences most closely aligned to emerging themes of transformative tourism as: individual experiential walking through the township; living as the locals do; and dining with the locals. The results validate the need for clear alignment of South African destinations' offerings with Cultural Creatives' transmodern values and worldviews in facilitating the future growth of transformative tourism in South Africa. Introduction Transmodernism signifies a paradigm shift in human consciousness towards a new planetary vision and a new world order not experienced in the past 600 years, since the Renaissance.

This article investigates the phenomenon of transmodern tourism in Soweto as it statistically tests the theoretical assumption that Cultural Creatives are a clearly identifiable group of transmodern tourist in general tourists population. The results of ANOVA confirmed a group difference between Cultural Creatives and general tourists, leading to a major finding that Cultural Creatives presence in Soweto (54.8%) is two-times (26.1%) more than the value predicted by the literature. In addition, Walking around the township is identified as Cultural Creatives' most authentic experience which further validates the recommendation for development of an innovative range of immersive and authentic experiences in Soweto that conforms to Cultural Creative's transmodern value system.

Once natural dangers tied up human energies; now man-made problems – lifestyle diseases, pollution, racism, terrorism, etc. – take the lead and dictate agendas. Entrenchment in fundamental beliefs increases; economism rules, yet aggravates a conflictual development whose root is neither accidental nor 'the human condition', but in a widespread way of thinking, justified by the vast majority of contemporary theorizing: to approach problems dominatively, based on primal assumptions (not openness on principle to the entirety of the subject matter). This way of thinking is self-limited on principle: it can't reach the intrinsic nature of phenomena, it is not generally sound. Action on this basis produces conflicts that can't be resolved by reiterating the method, which is thus not fully sustainable. The mainstream can avoid plurality only by incurring losses, and it is led to believe totally secure thinking is impossible – calling for more formalism, engendering on the theoretical level a self-fulfilling prophecy, and on the practical level an immense inefficiency. Nevertheless secure thinking is viable on the level of pure content. An adequate foundation can be found in completely self-aware querying. Systematizing this path makes perspectivity and universality compatible and opens up categories that are universally applicable within their query perspective. The proposed methodology allows strict thinking from totality towards its aspects – for instance in theorizing seamlessly all human agency, including mental activity. The proposed framework is not just one more theory, but encompasses theory and practice, and fosters personal integrity – the root of all authentic conflict solving.

Gender, Nature and the City
Abstract
An ecological and eco-feminist critique may
promote an innovative environmentalist urban policy.
A new relation between humanity and nature implies
a different aesthetic and architecture of the city. In the
past, in control of the public sphere, men built their
cities according to their attitudes and values. Traditional
(masculine) behavior produced an efficiency
based in dominating a resilient nature. This approach
is no longer viable given the environmental crisis.
Women are the privileged subjects of radical change,
assuming a leadership role in the environmentalist
movement and proposing cities envisaged according
to a new way of thinking and feeling that accords with
a reconsidered relationship between humanity and
nature.
Keywords: Urban Geography, Radical Urbanism,
Environmentalism, Eco-feminism, City Architecture
Género, Naturaleza y Ciudad
Resumen
La crítica ecológica y eco-feminista podría
promover una política urbana medioambiental innovadora.
Una nueva relación entre la humanidad y
la naturaleza implicaría una estética y una arquitectura
de la ciudad distintas. En el pasado, teniendo el
control de la esfera pública, los hombres construyeron
sus ciudades de acuerdo a sus actitudes y valores. La
conducta tradicional (masculina) produjo una eficiencia
basada en la dominación de la naturaleza renovable.
Dada la crisis medioambiental, esto ya no es posible.
Asumiendo un rol de liderazgo en el movimiento medioambiental
y proponiendo ciudades pensadas en
función de un nuevo modo de pensar y sentir, que
se ajuste a una nueva relación entre la humanidad y
la naturaleza, las mujeres son el actor privilegiado del
cambio radical.
Palabras clave: Geografía Urbana, Urbanismo
Radical, Ambientalismo, Eco-feminismo, Arquitectura
de la Ciudad

A change in the way humans relate to nature could be the starting point for a new politics, which will also affect relations among humans. A new approach would help to radically transform the production system, not because it is unjust in the usually considered social terms, but because it endangers nature and humanity.
So far, the citizens’ grassroots organizations have failed to win broad consensus and political power in the representative institutions. When the time comes to transform the single environmental issue into an electoral platform, environmentalists lose unity and effectiveness since they lack a common political vision and an ensuing strategy. On the other hand European politics is rapidly transforming because the challenge brought by so-called populist movements.
We need to transform activists’ shared emotions and attitudes into political ideologies and platforms. Moreover, a new educational process and a new science politics are necessary to reform environmental policy.

Desarrollo sustentable: de falacia a fraude
Resumen
Hasta principios de los noventas, algunxs
académicxs y la opinión pública occidental estaban
progresando en el desarrollo de una ética medioambiental
que podría derivar en una plataforma política
medioambiental activa. El Compromiso por el
Desarrollo Sustentable de la ONU en 1987 inhibió este
proceso transformando el problema medioambiental
de un problema político y ético a un problema técnico,
económico y científico. El discurso del Desarrollo
Sustentable se ha vuelto una pseudo-ideología que
ha eliminado el posible potencial revolucionario del
pensamiento “verde” radical. Para combatir el triunfante
orden neoliberal es necesario avanzar en una
nueva alternativa dialéctica que sustituya la estrategia
medioambiental radical por el derrotado proyecto
Comunista.
Palabras clave : política medioambiental, ética
medioambiental, filosofía de la ciencia, movimientos
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